international facts and figures - universities uk...where do international students in the uk come...

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Higher Education 2018

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The UK higher education sector is a global success story. The international diversity we see in our institutions and our academic community, and the experiences, teaching and research they offer, are renowned the world over. The quality and reputation of our sector is, in no small part, down to the scale, scope and quality of our universities’ global engagement. We are truly an international sector with global reach and influence.

International Facts and Figures 2018 presents a snapshot of the international dimensions of UK higher education. It provides an overview of:

• The international students choosing the UK, where these students come from, what level they study at and which subjects;

• The international students who study for UK degree programmes

outside the UK through transnational education;

• The UK sector’s provision for students who want to study outside the UK on outward student mobility schemes;

• The international staff choosing to live and work in the UK: where our staff, both academic and non-academic come from and what they do;

• The collaborations, funding and partnerships from across the world that benefit our research.

The final section of International Facts and Figures 2018 includes a new regional breakdown of UK higher education engagement across the world.

As the analysis in this booklet shows, the UK’s universities continue to become more international, year on year. International campuses, staff and research collaboration

continue to bring great benefits to the UK sector. While leaving the European Union will have an impact on the UK higher education sector, the extent of this remains to be seen – and the extensive, invaluable international networks of our universities will be fundamental to ensuring the UK remains open to the world.

Vivienne Stern Director Universities UK International

July 2018

Note: Copyright Higher Education Statistics Agency Limited. Neither the Higher Education Statistics Agency Limited nor HESA Services Limited can accept responsibility for any inferences or conclusions derived by third parties from data or other information obtained from Heidi Plus.

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CONTENTS

INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

Where do international students study around the world? 5

How many international students does the UK receive? 6

Where do international students in the UK come from? 7

What do international students in the UK study? 8

The impact of international students 9

The economic impact of international students 10

Transnational education 11

UK STUDENTS STUDYING ABROAD

What kind of international experiences do UK students have and where do they go? 13

Do students benefit from a period abroad as part of their degree? 14

How do UK students use the Erasmus+ programme? 15

INTERNATIONAL STAFF

What do international staff in the UK do? 17

Where do international staff in the UK come from? 18

Where do international staff in the UK come from? 19

INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH

How does the publication rate of the UK compare internationally? 21

Which countries are the UK’s top collaborative partners? 22

How does the UK collaborate through EU programmes? 23

How much research funding comes from overseas sources? 24

REGIONAL PROFILES

Africa 26

Asia 28

Australasia 30

Europe 32

Middle East 34

North America 36

South America 38

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The UK remains an extremely popular destination for international students, attracting more students from abroad than any other country except the much larger USA.

The range of countries from which international students in the UK come from continues to grow – and is changing rapidly.

However, the UK’s closest competitors – such as USA, Australia, France and Germany – all continue to grow at a faster rate than the UK with growth rates

of 9.4%, 10.7%, 1.8% and 8.7%. Over the same period, the UK’s international enrolments grew by just 0.5%.

International students don’t just study for UK degrees in the UK. Over 700,000 students now study for UK higher education qualifications outside of the UK. Transnational Education (TNE) is an increasingly significant and successful characteristic of UK universities’ international activity and this trend looks set to continue.

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5Source: Sources: Education at a Glance 2017. Indicator C4 What is the profile of internationally mobile students? C4.1. International student mobility and foreign students in tertiary education (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2017-en. Education at a Glance. International student mobility. Tertiary mobile enrolment, total number. http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?datasetcode=EAG_ENRL_MOBILES_ORIGIN#

Postgraduate (Research)

13.1

% U

NITE

D KI

NGDO

M

8.9% AUSTRALIA

7.3% FRANCE

6.9% GERMANY

5.2% CANADA

4.0% JAPAN

2.7% ITALY

2.6% N

ETHERLAN

DS2.

3% S

PAIN

19.4%

OTH

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27.5% UNITED STATES

1 United States 907,251 (829,412)

9.4%

2 United Kingdom 430,833 (428,724)

0.5%

3 Australia 294,438 (266,048)

10.7%

4 France 239,409 (235,123)

1.8%

5 Germany 228,756 (210,542)

8.7%

6 Russia226,431 (213,347)

6.1%

7 Canada 171,603 (164,274)

4.5%

8 Japan 131,980 (132,685)

-0.5%

9China (People’s Republic of) 123,127 (108,217)

13.8%

10 Italy90,419 (87,544)

3.3%

Figure 2: Number of international student enrolments, 2015 (2014)Figure 1: Share of international student enrolments (OECD countries only), 2015

2nd

The UK is the second most popular destination in the world

for international students.

WHERE DO INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS STUDY AROUND THE WORLD?

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Undergraduate

50k 100k 150k0

Postgraduate (Taught) Postgraduate (Research)

2007–08

2008–09

2009–10

2010–11

2011–12

2012–13

2013–14

2014–15

2015–16

2016–17

112,150

117,660

130,120

132,550

125,290

125,300

124,575

127,440

134,835

125,045

112,

150

117,660 125,045

130,120 132,550 125,290 125,300 124,575 127,440 134,835

300,000

250,000

350,000

200,000

150,000

50,000

100,000

0

2007

–08

2008

–09

2009

–10

2010

–11

2011

–12

2012

–13

2013

–14

2014

–15

2015

–16

2016

–17

Undergraduate

50k 100k 150k 200k 250k 300k 350k0

Postgraduate (Taught) Postgraduate (Research)

2007–08

2008–09

2009–10

2010–11

2011–12

2012–13

2013–14

2014–15

2015–16

2016–17

229,640

251,310

280,760

298,110

302,680

299,970

310,195

312,010

310,575

307,540

Figure 3: Number of EU students in the UK, by level of study, 2007−08 to 2016−17 Figure 4: Number of non-EU students in the UK, by level of study, 2007−08 to 2016−17

442,375The total number of

international students studying at UK universities in 2016–17.*

Source: HESA Student record [multiple years]*Figure differs from OECD figure on previous page due to different academic years

HOW MANY INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS DOES THE UK RECEIVE?

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2United States17,580 2.7%

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Canada5,915 -1.1%

1 China95,090 4.2%

3 Hong Kong16,680 -0.4%

Thailand6,175 1.3%

5

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Malaysia16,370 -5.9%

Singapore7,300 -3.2%

4India16,550 -1.2%

15

12

Saudi Arabia8,065 -5.9%

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Nigeria12,665 -21.3%

19

Cyprus (EU)8,955 -2.0%

Figure 5: Domicile of international students in the UK 2016–17 and percentage change from 2015–16, top 20

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Germany13,735 2.3%

8Italy13,455 10.9%

17Poland6,585 16.4%

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Ireland10,070 -1.7%

11 Greece10,045 2.6%

13Spain8,820 12.5%

7France13,560 8.3%

14Romania8,110 12.6%

18 Bulgaria6,290 1.5%

Source: HESA Student record [multiple years]

WHERE DO INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN THE UK COME FROM? The proportion of

international students studying at UK universities that are

from China.

1 in 5

8

WHAT DO INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN THE UK STUDY?

Figure 6: International students in the UK by subject and level of study, 2016−17

Business and administrative studies

Engineering and technology

Social studies

Creative arts and design

Biological sciences

Law

Subjects allied to medicine

Computer science

Languages

Physical sciences

Architecture, building and planning

Mass communications and documentation

Medicine and dentistry

Education

Historical and philosophical studies

Mathematical sciences

Combined

Agriculture and related subjects

Veterinary science

0 30,000 60,000 90,000 120,000 150,000

Undergraduate

Postgraduate (Taught)

Postgraduate (Research)

27%The percentage of international

students studying business and administrative studies.

Source: HESA Student record [2016−17]

9Source: Left: HEPI (2015) Right: Comres (2017) Note: Figure 7 is based on the responses of 1,009 students. Figure 8 is based on the responses of 4,043 British adults in March 2017.

of undergraduate students believe that studying alongside international peers prepares them for working in

a global environment.

78% THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

Disagree Strongly disagreeAgree NeitherStrongly agree

It gives me a betterworld view

Students have to be moreaware of cultural sensitivities

It helps me develop a global network

23% 53%

59%

47%

19% 5%

18% 4%

�-campusspending

25% 10%

18%

16%

1%

1%

Figure 7: Home students’ views on studying alongside international students Figure 8: Poll of British public on international students

73%of the British public would like to see the same number or more international students

coming to study in the UK.

10

solut occatiam repedit labores equiatest istis aboris eturibus

udantusant experspe

Fact£25.8bnEconomic output generated for the UK economy through on and off-

campus spending by international students and their visitors.

Yorkshire& Humber

£835m

Ulster University & Queen’s University Belfast£123m

North West£970m

West Midlands£904m

Wales£576m

South West£612m

North East£514m

East Midlands£688m

East of England£781m

London£2.74bn

South East£1.27bn

Scotland£837m

Figure 9: Export earnings generated by international students by UK region, 2014–15

Gross value added generated by international students on and off-campus spending

£13.6bn

Total revenue of higher education related exports and transnational education activity

£12.9bn

Full-time equivalent jobs supported by international students studying in the UK

206,600

In 2014–15:

Sources: Universities UK (2017) The Economic Impact of International students; Universities Scotland (2013) Grow, Export, attract support; Universities Wales (2015) The Economic Impact of higher education in Wales; Universities UK (2017) The Economic Impact of Queen’s University Belfast and Ulster University on the Northern Ireland Economy; Department for Education (2018), UK revenue from education related exports and transnational education activity in 2015.Note: The figures for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland represent total export earnings and therefore include international income earned by HEIs from overseas businesses, charities, governments.

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS

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2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17500k

550k

600k

650k

700k

750k

Annual TNE student numbers

598,485

636,675663,915

701,010 707,915

Postgraduate (Taught) Postgraduate (Research)Undergraduate

0 50k 100k 150k 200k 250k 300k 350k 400k 450kStudying for an award of the reporting provider

Collaborative provision

Distance, �exible and distributed learning

Overseas campus

Other arrangement

Figure 11: UK HE TNE student numbers by type of provision, 2016–17

Figure 10: Trends in UK HE TNE student numbers, 2012–13 to 2016–17

Source: HESA Aggregate Offshore Record [multiple years]

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION

Students undertaking UK HE Transnational Education.

707,915

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ROAD Internationalisation is not just

about students coming to the UK. The UK higher education sector encourages students to study, work and volunteer abroad as part of their degree. UUKi research has found a correlation between outward mobility and improved academic and employment outcomes.

In recognition of the demand for global graduates and the growing skills deficit, UUKi launched a campaign to support delivery of the national 2020 target for mobility. The Go International: Stand Out

campaign aims to double the percentage of students who study, work or volunteer abroad to 13% by 2020. So far, over 80 partner institutions* and organisations across the sector have pledged to take action towards delivering on this target – and this number keeps rising. Any institution or organisation that would like to play a part in delivering this ambitious target can sign the campaign charter and submit a pledge to help boost and broaden outward student mobility.**

*This figure is for July 2018 and is expected to grow throughout the campaign to 2020.**For more information, visit universitiesuk.ac.uk/standout.

13Source: UUKi (2018) Gone International: Expanding Opportunities Note: UK-domiciled, full-time, undergraduate, first degree completers of the 2015−16 DLHE survey.

7.2% The percentage of the 2015–16

graduating cohort who undertook a period of mobility between

2013–14 and 2015–16.

WHAT KIND OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES DO UK STUDENTS HAVE AND WHERE DO THEY GO?

Figure 12: Mobility by type (% of total), 2013–14 to 2015−16

Figure 14: Mobility by region of destination (mobility instances), 2013–14 to 2015–16

Figure 13: Mobility by duration (% of total), 2013–14 to 2015−16

22.7%Work

2.8%Volunteering

74.5%Study 16.1%

Medium-term(5−13 weeks)

15.3%Short-term(1−4 weeks)

68.5%Long-term(14 weeks plus)

0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000European Union North America Asia Australasia Africa Non-EU Europe South America Middle East

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Fact

Figure 15: Outcomes of the 2015−16 graduate cohort, six months after graduation

Lower unemployment rates

3.6%Mobile

4.4%Non-mobile

Higher starting salaries

£23,047Mobile

£21,628Non-mobile

More likely to earn a 1st

29.7%Mobile

25.0%Non-mobile

Higher likelihood of a graduate job

77.7%Mobile

70.5%Non-mobile

Source: UUKi (2018) Gone International: Expanding OpportunitiesNote: UK-domiciled, full-time, undergraduate, first degree completers of the 2015−16 DLHE survey.

DO STUDENTS BENEFIT FROM A PERIOD ABROAD AS PART OF THEIR DEGREE? 20%

less likely to be unemployed six months after graduation than

their non-mobile peers.

Mobile students are

15

Source: UUKi (2018) Gone International: Expanding Opportunities; European Commission Erasmus+ Annual Report 2016, Statistical Annex http://ec.europa.eu/programmes/erasmus-plus/sites/erasmusplus2/files/annual-report-2016-annex_en.pdf; National Agency for Erasmus+ in the UK www.erasmusplus.org.uk/statisticsNotes: At time of printing… The UK will be part of Erasmus+ until the programme ends in 2020. Students in the UK will be able to study/work/volunteer abroad through Erasmus+ until the end of the programme. UUK is asking for access to the Erasmus+ successor programme and further support from the UK government for global student mobility. *The two full academic years the Erasmus+ programme has been in operation. European students are more likely to come to the UK on shorter Erasmus placements while UK Erasmus students are more likely to stay for a year. Because of this there are much higher numbers of inbound students to the UK than outbound. However, if mobility periods rather than numbers of visits are compared, this imbalance is far smaller.

53.1%The percentage of students

undertaking a period abroadthrough Erasmus+.

HOW DO UK STUDENTS USE THE ERASMUS+ PROGRAMME?

Figure 16: Mobility by type (% of total), for the 2015–16 graduating cohort for a period abroad undertaken, 2014–15

Figure 17: The number of inbound and outbound students at UK universities undertaking mobility on the Erasmus+ programme, 2014−15 and 2015−16*

Figure 18: The UK’s top sending and receiving countries for the Erasmus+ programme, 2015−16

5.7%Otherscheme

36.0%Providerled

5.2%Sandwichplacement

53.1%Erasmus+

0Outbound students Inbound students

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

2014−15 2015−16

14,8

01

15,6

45

30,1

83

31,0

67

Biggest sendersto UK

1 France 7,697

2 Germany 5,145

3 Spain 4,794

4 Italy 3,114

5 Netherlands 2,154

Biggest receivers from UK

1 France 4,195

2 Spain 3,524

3 Germany 2,251

4 Italy 1,045

5 Netherlands 986

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The international make-up of our academic faculty is an integral part of the success of teaching and research in the UK. Staff from the EU make up over 15,000 of academic faculty on teaching and research contracts, with an additional 11,000 being from outside the EU. For research-only contracts, nearly half of all staff are from outside of the UK.

The top three countries of nationality for academic, non-academic and total international staff in the UK are all EU countries.

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Figure 19: Staff by nationality and employment function, 2011−12 and 2016−17 Figure 20: Academic staff by nationality and employment function, 2016−17

Academic Non academic

19,93524,240 25,660

35,920

8,485

9,450 8,160

13,610

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

2011–12 2016–17non-EU EU non-EU EU

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

Researchonly

Teachingonly

Teachingand research

United Kingdom Non-European Union European Union

73,170

43,365

25,495

7,335

12,960

10,905

4,710

9,970

15,515

Source: HESA Staff record [multiple years]Note: Neither teaching nor research contracts – Non-EU 70, EU 110 and UK 1,305.

The percentage of international academic staff working in

UK universities.

30%WHAT DO INTERNATIONAL STAFF IN THE UK DO?

18 Source: HESA Staff record [2016−17]

7of the top ten staff

nationalities are from the EU.

WHERE DO INTERNATIONAL STAFF IN THE UK COME FROM?

Figure 21: Top 10 staff nationalities by employment function, 2016−17

Academic Non academic

5,940

5,730

4,225

4,075

4,010

3,345

3,585

3,215

1,385

2,440

1,270

1,045

2,395

1,160

610

1,085

640

865

2,280

775

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000

Germany

Italy

Ireland

United States

China

Spain

Greece

France

Poland

India

19

Figure 22: Nationalities of international staff in UK, 2016–17, top 20

United States5,240

Canada1,950

China4,620

Malaysia790

Russia865

Australia1,915

India3,215

Sweden790

Iran975

Nigeria1,065

4

12

5

13

20

18

1510

17

19

Italy7,210

Greece4,225

Romania1,060

Spain4,425

Portugal1,745

Germany6,775

Poland3,665

Ireland6,620

France4,080

Netherlands2,095

2113

6

14

8

7

9

16

1

WHERE DO INTERNATIONAL STAFF IN THE UK COME FROM?

Source: HESA staff record [2016−17]

The number of EU academics in the UK has more than doubled

in the last decade.

2x

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CH International collaboration in research is synonymous with excellence and impact. World-class research produced by UK universities benefits from global partnerships and collaboration. The ability of UK universities to attract world-leading researchers and investment from around the world makes a vital contribution to the excellence of our research base.

Despite representing a small global share of research investment and only 4.1% of researchers, UK research accounted for 9.9% of global downloads, 10.7% of global citations and 15.2% of the world’s most highly cited articles.*

The UK is the third largest producer of internationally co-authored papers in the world, behind only the much larger USA and China, and almost 20% of our research

funding comes from international and EU sources. Taken as a whole, EU member states are by far the largest source of academic collaboration for UK researchers.

While the future of the UK’s participation in the successor programme to Horizon 2020 remains uncertain, it is clear that our world-class research base has benefited greatly from – and adds huge value to – Horizon 2020. UUKi is committed to demonstrating the added value of remaining a key partner in the EU research programmes.

*Universities UK (2018) Higher Education Research in Facts and Figures

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Figure 23: Top ten countries by number of research publications, broken down by international and domestic co-authorship, 2017

Internationally co-authored publications Non-internationally co-authored publications

0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 700,000 600,000

United States

China

United Kingdom

Germany

India

Japan

France

Italy

Canada

Australia

227,086 420,653

119,726 403,789

107,165 92,969

86,046 87,351

25,734 124,536

35,834 90,429

65,141 53,944

52,778 61,147

54,028 50,598

52,981 45,701

HOW DOES THE PUBLICATION RATE OF THE UK COMPARE INTERNATIONALLY?

Source: SciVal, accessed April 2018

The percentage of UK research publications with an international co-author.

54%

22

Figure 24: Countries with highest numbers of co-authored publications with the UK between 2013 and 2017, top 20

United States139,221

Canada35,356

China48,327

Australia47,304

Sweden24,976

Norway13,586

1

9

Brazil14,420

9

5

India13,002

19

Japan18,626

13

6

1117

Italy50,470

Switzerland29,252

Greece13,465

Spain40,213

Germany72,707

Austria12,977

Ireland13,983

France51,821

Netherlands41,417 Denmark

17,859Belgium21,103 27

1416

8

3

184

10

12

20

Source: SciVal, accessed July 2018

of the top twenty countries the UK collaborates with on co-authored

publications are in Europe.

13WHICH COUNTRIES ARE THE UK’S TOP COLLABORATIVE PARTNERS?

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Figure 25: The proportion of funding the UK receives from each pillar of Horizon 2020 programme

Figure 26: UK’s most frequent collaborative partners in Horizon 2020 projects since 2014

48%Excellent ScienceSuccess rate: 14.5%

34%SocietalChallengesSuccessrate: 13.0%

16%IndustrialLeadershipSuccessrate: 10.8%

2%Cross-cuttingPrioritiesSuccess rate: 9.5%

1%EuratomSuccess rate: 41.6%

Germany Spain Italy France Netherlands

11,745

8,702 8,682 8,466

5,894

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

HOW DOES THE UK COLLABORATE THROUGH EU PROGRAMMES? 2nd

The UK has the second highest share of total funding and participations

in Horizon 2020.

Source: % proportion UK receives – Vinnova, accessed 15 May 2018. http://h2020viz.vinnova.se/#/country?countryNames=%5B%22United%20Kingdom%22%5D. % success rate of eligible proposals – European Commission Horizon 2020 proposal dashboard, accessed 18 June 2018. http://ec.europa.eu/research/index.cfm?pg=newsalert&year=2017&na=na-101117European Commission, Horizon 2020 Country Profiles, updated 8 February 2018. http://ec.europa.eu/research/horizon2020/pdf/country-profiles/uk_country_profile_and_featured_projects.pdf#zoom=125&pagemode=noneNote: At time of printing, researchers in the UK and across the EU should now be reassured of the UK’s continued participation on Horizon 2020 until its end date. One caveat applies to the issues agreed to in the joint report, which is that “nothing is agreed until everything is agreed”, referring to the fact that the second phase of exit negotiations – on the transition period and the future UK-EU relationship – has the potential to influence the UK’s withdrawal agreement.

24

Figure 28: International research funding by source (EU and non-EU), 2016−17

3%EU Other£34.7m

10%Non-EU Charities£131.9m

14%Non-EU Industry£182.8m

11%Non-EU Other£154.5m

1%EU Charities£10.9m

54%EU Government£729.9m8%

EU Industry£101.8m

HOW MUCH RESEARCH FUNDING COMES FROM OVERSEAS SOURCES? 17%

The percentage of overall UK research funding that comes from

international sources.

Source: HESA Finance record [2016−17]

Figure 27: Total research funding by source, 2016–17

6%Non-EU£469.1m

83%UK£6.5bn

11%EU£877.2m

25

The work of UUKi spans the entire globe. The following section presents a regional breakdown that helps provide a snapshot of priorities and impact within each region. The breakdown includes the numbers of international students studying for full degrees in the UK by domicile; the numbers of international staff working in the UK by nationality; the number of UK publications with an international co-author from the region; outward student mobility; and TNE.*

Whilst some regions of the world have more historic and established relationships with the UK, it is interesting to see some of the different partnerships with certain regions. For example, UK higher education TNE was delivered in 55 African countries and the number of internationally co-authored publications between the UK and Brazil has grown by over 68% since 2013.

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*Together, students from Oxford Brookes University BSC in Applied Accounting, Open University and University of London International programmes make up more than half of all UK HE TNE students. Students from these universities have been excluded from the TNE data.Note: North America region includes Central America and the Caribbean.

26

AFRICA

Sources: HESA Student record [2016−17]; HESA Staff record [2016−17]; HESA Aggregate Offshore Record [multiple years]; HESA Student Outward Mobility record [2016−17]; SciVal Internationally co-authored papers with UK (2013−2017), accessed June 2018.*Excluding the three main programme providers of distance, flexible and blended TNE.

Africa hosted

14%of UK HE TNE students

in 2016−17.*

STUDENTSTOTAL AFRICAN DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 30,015Figure 29: Top five African student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFFTOTAL AFRICAN STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 3,795Figure 30: Top five African staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

Nigeria

Egypt

South Africa

Ghana

Zimbabwe

0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200

1,065

460

355

315

270

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONTOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN AFRICA: 45,880Figure 31: Top five countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in Africa, 2016–17

South Africa1,405

Ghana1,530

Kenya2,160

Egypt2,310

Nigeria12,665

19,615

Egypt Nigeria SouthAfrica

Ghana Mauritus

5,7253,405 3,250 2,305

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

0

9 42 43 53 57

27Note: Mobility measured in instances rather than student numbers as some students have more than one mobility period.

The number of Africancountries, territories and

administrations in which UK HE TNE was delivered in 2016–17.*

55

OUTWARD MOBILITYTOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO AFRICA, 2016–17: 2,070Figure 32: Top five African destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH AN AFRICAN CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 27,505Figure 33: Total UK publications with an African co-author by country, between 2013–2017, top 5

Global rank Total co-authored publications (2013–17)

Growth since 2013

25 South Africa 10,805

40.7%

43 Egypt 3,689

51.7%

49 Kenya 2,534

53.4%

53 Nigeria 2,129

135.3%

59 Uganda 1,563

68.3%

1 South Africa540

2 Morocco235

3 Tanzania210

5 Kenya145

4Uganda190

28Sources: HESA Student record [2016−17]; HESA Staff record [2016−17]; HESA Aggregate Offshore Record [multiple years]; HESA Student Outward Mobility record [2016−17]; SciVal Internationally co-authored papers with UK (2013−2017), accessed June 2018.*Excluding the three main programme providers of distance, flexible and blended TNE. **Special Administrative Region of China.

ASIA

Asia hosted


in 2016−17.*

STUDENTSTOTAL ASIAN DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 192,520Figure 34: Top five Asian student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFFTOTAL ASIAN STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 12,915Figure 35: Top five Asian staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

5,0004,0003,0002,0001,0000

China

Japan

India

Malaysia

Pakistan

4,620

3,215

790

780

680

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONTOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN ASIA: 168,895Figure 36: Top five countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in Asia, 2016–17

Singapore7,300

Malaysia16,370

India16,550

Hong Kong**16,680

China95,090

47,380

Malaysia China Singapore HongKong

Sri Lanka

31,900

21,590 19,850 19,295

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

0

1 3 4 5 16


32The number of Asian

countries, territories andadministrations in which UK HE TNE was delivered in 2016–17.*OUTWARD MOBILITY

TOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO ASIA, 2016–17: 6,990Figure 37: Top five Asian destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH AN ASIAN CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 130,079Figure 38: Co-authored publications between Asia and the UK, 2013 and 2017


Growth since 2013

5 China 48,327

79.7%

13 Japan 18,626

24.6%

19 India 13,002

42.6%

27 South Korea 8,017

37.4%

29 Singapore 7,533

61.9%

1 China1,705

3 Japan730

4 Hong Kong715

2Malaysia730

5 India675

30Sources: HESA Student record [2016−17]; HESA Staff record [2016−17]; HESA Aggregate Offshore Record [multiple years]; HESA Student Outward Mobility record [2016−17]; SciVal Internationally co-authored papers with UK (2013−2017), accessed June 2018.*Excluding the three main programme providers of distance, flexible and blended TNE.

AUSTRALASIA

Australasia hosted


in 2016−17.*

STUDENTSTOTAL AUSTRALASIAN DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 2,755Figure 39: Top three Australasian student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFFTOTAL AUSTRALASIAN STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 2,635Figure 40: Top two Australasian staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

Australia

New Zealand

1,915

0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000

710

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONTOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN AUSTRALASIA: 2,025Figure 41: Top three countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in Australasia, 2016–17

Fiji25

New Zealand530

Australia2,130

Australia New Zealand PapuaNew Guinea

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

1,575

360

30

44 85 172


18The number of Australasian

countries, territories andadministrations in which UK HE TNE was delivered in 2016–17.*OUTWARD MOBILITY

TOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO AUSTRALASIA, 2016–17: 2,740Figure 42: Top five Australasian destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH AN AUSTRALASIAN CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 57,030Figure 43: Co-authored publications between Australasia and the UK, 2017


Growth since 2013

6 Australia 47,304

35.7%

26 New Zealand 9,109

20.7%1 Australia

2,040

2New Zealand410

3Fiji160 4Tonga

45

5Vanuatu35


EUROPE

STUDENTSTOTAL EUROPEAN (EU AND NON-EU) DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 157,605Figure 44:Top five European student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFFTOTAL EUROPEAN (EU AND NON-EU) STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 52,525Figure 45: Top five European staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

Italy

Spain

Germany

Ireland

Greece

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000

7,210

4,225

4,425

6,620

6,775

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONTOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN EUROPE: 52,590Figure 46: Top five countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in Europe, 2016–17

0

3,000

6,000

9,000

12,000

15,000

12,200

Greece Switzer-land

Cyprus(EU)

Germany Ireland

4,840 4,605 4,475 3,915

Greece10,045

Ireland10,070

Italy13,455

France13,560

Germany13,735

6 7 8 10 11

The EU hosted


in 2016−17.*


OUTWARD MOBILITYTOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO EUROPE, 2016–17: 25,475Figure 47: Top five European destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH A EUROPEAN (NON-EU AND EU) CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 269,963Figure 48: Co-authored publications between Europe and the UK, 2013 and 2017


Growth since 2013

2 Germany 72,707

27.2%

3 France 51,821

24.7%

4 Italy 50,470

39.2%

7 Netherlands 41,417

26.7%

8 Spain 40,213

29.5%

1 Spain5,385

3 Germany3,625

5 Italy1,850

2France4,795

4Netherlands

2,220

52The number of European

countries, territories and regions in which UK HE TNE was

delivered in 2016–17.*


MIDDLE EAST

STUDENTSTOTAL MIDDLE EASTERN DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 29,120Figure 49: Top five Middle Eastern student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFFTOTAL MIDDLE EASTERN STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 2,015Figure 50: Top five Middle Eastern staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Syria

Lebanon 120

165

215

300

975

0 200 400 600 800 1,000

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: 37,955Figure 51: Top five countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in the Middle East, 2016–17

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000 18,525

Oman UAE SaudiArabia

Qatar Bahrain

12,405

2,555 1,845700

Oman2,565

Qatar2,890

Kuwait3,450

United Arab Emirates4,080

Saudi Arabia8,065

15 24 33 38 39

The Middle East hosted


in 2016−17.*

35Note: Top five Middle Eastern destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17.

OUTWARD MOBILITYTOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO THE MIDDLE EAST, 2016–17: 715Figure 52: Top five Middle Eastern destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH A MIDDLE EASTERN CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 29,647Figure 53: Co-authored publications between the Middle East and the UK, 2013 and 2017

1 United Arab Emirates240

4 Saudi Arabia50

2 Jordan155

3Israel75

5

Occupied Palestinian Territories

45Global rank Total co-authored

publications (2013–17)

Growth since 2013

31 Israel 6,927

36.2%

33 Saudi Arabia 5,925

68.0%

39 Iran 4,559

34.2%

52 Qatar 2,181

179%

57 United Arab Emirates 2,000

83.3%

14The number of Middle Eastern

countries, territories andadministrations in which UK HE TNE was delivered in 2016–17.*


NORTH AMERICA

STUDENTSTOTAL NORTH AMERICAN DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 28,745Figure 54: Top five North American student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFFTOTAL NORTH AMERICAN STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 8,120Figure 55: Top five North American staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

UnitedStates

Jamaica

Canada

Mexico

Trinidadand Tobago 80

180

465

1,950

5,240

0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATIONTOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN NORTH AMERICA: 16,220Figure 56: Top five countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in North America, 2016–17

5,255

Trinidad& Tobago

UnitedStates

Canada Jamaica Mexico

4,0153,350

800 695

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

North America hosted


in 2016−17.*

Bermuda425

Trinidad and Tobago

625

Mexico2,120

Canada5,915

United States17,580

2 20 45 81 91

37

OUTWARD MOBILITYTOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO NORTH AMERICA, 2016–17: 7,445 Figure 57: Top five North American destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH A NORTH AMERICAN CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 161,571Figure 58: Co-authored publications between North America and the UK, 2013 and 2017

5 St Lucia75

1United States4,910

2Canada1,585

3 4Mexico190

Belize190


Growth since 2013

1 United States 139,221

23.7%

9 Canada 35,356

28.2%

38 Mexico 4,742

37.9%

94 Cuba 439

15.6%

96 Costa Rica 353

88.7%

The number of North Americancountries, territories and

administrations in which UK HE TNE was delivered in 2016–17.*

36

Note: Mobility measured in instances rather than student numbers as some students have more than one mobility period.

Sources: HESA Student record [2016−17]; HESA Staff record [2016−17]; HESA Aggregate Offshore Record [multiple years]; HESA Student Outward Mobility record [2016−17]; SciVal Internationally co-authored papers with UK (2013−2017), accessed June 2018.*Excluding the three main programme providers of distance, flexible and blended TNE.

SOUTH AMERICA

STUDENTS TOTAL SOUTH AMERICAN DOMICILED STUDENTS IN THE UK IN 2016–17: 5,345Figure 59: Top five South American student domiciles in the UK, and overall rank, 2016–17

STAFF TOTAL SOUTH AMERICAN STAFF IN UK 2016–17: 1,310Figure 60: Top five South American staff nationalities in the UK, 2016−17

Brazil

Colombia

Argentina

Chile

Venezuela 80

160

165

235

530

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

TRANSNATIONAL EDUCATION TOTAL NUMBER OF STUDENTS ON UK HE TNE IN SOUTH AMERICA: 1,105Figure 61: Top five countries hosting the most UK HE TNE students in South America, 2016–17

Peru405

Ecuador515

Chile865

Colombia1,005

Brazil1,745

Brazil Guyana Colombia Peru Argentina0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400 375

180 165

9070

51 69 73 86 92

South America hosted

<1%of UK HE TNE students

in 2016−17.*

38

39

OUTWARD MOBILITY TOTAL INSTANCES OF MOBILITY TO SOUTH AMERICA, 2016–17: 1,255Figure 62: Top five South American destinations for mobile UK students, by mobility instances, 2016–17 CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS

TOTAL UK PUBLICATIONS WITH A SOUTH AMERICAN CO-AUTHOR, BETWEEN 2013–17: 23,691Figure 63: Co-authored publications between South America and the UK, 2013 and 2017

1

3

Brazil305

4 Argentina205

Chile240

2Peru245

5Colombia110

13The number of South American

countries, territories andadministrations in which UK HE TNE was delivered in 2016–17*


Growth since 2013

15 Brazil 14,420

68.8%

35 Chile 5,544

62.7%

44 Argentina 3,303

33.1%

45 Colombia 3,098

74.7%

70 Peru 1,058

83.3%

Note: Mobility measured in instances rather than student numbers as some students have more than one mobility period.

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