internet of things (iot) - we are at the tip of an iceberg

Internet of Things (IOT) - We Are At The Tip of An Iceberg -

“How much more IOT can do is only left to your imagination and to your budget. You can do as little or as much with IoT as you want.”

Dr. Mazlan Abbas MIMOS Berhad

August 26, 2014

Wisma IEM, Petaling Jaya

History of Internet of Things

6.3 Billion 6.8 Billion 7.2 Billion 7.6 Billion

500 Million 12.5 Billion 25 Billion 50 Billion

World Population Connected

Devices

Connected Devices

Per Person

0.08 1.84 3.47 6.58

2003 2010 2015 2020

More connected

devices than

people

[Source: Cisco IBSG, April 2011]

More Connected Devices Than People

Internet of Things Wave

© 2013 MIMOS Berhad. All Rights Reserved.

Definition of IoT* : Intelligent interactivity between human and things to exchange information & knowledge for new value creation. *National IoT Blueprint (Draft)

Expected growth in the number of connected devices Sensing as a Service and Big Data Arkady Zaslavsky#1, Charith Perera#*2, Dimitrios Georgakopoulos#3

#ICT Centre, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia [email protected] [email protected]

[email protected] *Research School of Computer Science, The Australian National University,

Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

Abstract— Internet of Things (IoT) will comprise billions of devices that can sense, communicate, compute and potentially actuate. Data streams coming from these devices will challenge the traditional approaches to data management and contribute to the emerging paradigm of big data. This paper discusses emerging Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, large scale sensor network applications, federating sensor networks, sensor data and related context capturing techniques, challenges in cloud-based management, storing, archiving and processing of sensor data. Keywords— Big Data, Sensing as a Service, Internet of Things, Large Scale Sensor Networks, Cloud Computing, Data Management.

1. Introduction The modern technology-savvy world is full of devices comprising sensors, actuators, and data processors. Such concentration of computational resources enables sensing, capturing, collection and processing of real time data from billions of connected devices serving many different applications including environmental monitoring, industrial applications, business and human-centric pervasive applications. These developments have brought us to the era of Internet of Things (IoT) [1] by introducing IoT in 1998as concept [2]. However, sensing the environment around us and objects populating this environment became synonymous with the introduction of pervasive or ubiquitous computing by the paper ‘The Computer for 21st Century’ [3] in 1991 in the same year where World Wide Web became available. The major enabler of IoT is sensor networks. IoT has three unique features [4]: intermittent sensing, regular data collection, and Sense-Compute-Actuate (SCA) loops. In 2010, the total amount of data on earth exceeded one zettabyte (ZB) [5], [6] (see figure 1). By end of 2011, the number grew up to 1.8 ZB [7]. Further, it is expected that this number will reach 35 ZB in 2020. As in many cases with ICT, this estimate may prove to be too conservative. IEEE Spectrum [6] recognises both sensors and big data as to of the five technologies that will shape the world (figure 2). According to Gartner Research [8], by 2015, wirelessly networked sensors in everything we own will form a new Web. But it will only be of value if the 'terabyte' of data it generates

can be collected, analysed and interpreted. Further, European Commission [7] predicts that the present 'Internet of PCs' will move towards an 'Internet of Things' in which 50 to 100 billion devices will be connected to the Internet by 2020.

Figure 1: The total amount of data generated on earth exceeded one zettabyte in 2010.It is predicted that data volume will grow exponentially as depicted1.

Figure 2: Data generated from the Internet of Things will grow exponentially as the number of connected nodes increases. Estimated numbers of connected

nodes based on different sectors are presented in Millions [9].

1 www.teradata.com

[Source: Postscape - http://postscapes.com/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-infographic ]

Unlocking the Massive Potential of IoT

IOT Applications

Convergence of Technology

Trends

Cisco’s Study on Internet of Everything (IOE)

USD 1.9 Trillion in the next decade

[Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

Smart Building

Poised to generate $100Billion by lowering operating costs by reducing energy consumption through the integration

of HVAC and other systems. [Source: http://www.telecomreseller.com/2014/01/11/cisco-study-says-ioe-can-create-savings/]

Gas Monitoring Generate USD 69Billion by reducing meter-reading costs and increasing the accuracy of readings for citizens and municipal utility agencies.


Smar

t Par

king

Residents can identify and reserve the closest available space, traffic wardens can identify non-compliant usage, and municipalities can introduce demand-

based pricing.

Create USD 41Billion by providing visibility into the availability of parking spaces across the city.


Water Management

Could generate USD 39Billion by connecting the household water meter over an IP network to provide remote information on use and status


“We are at the tipping point for broader IoT adoption with 53

percent of organizations planning to implement an IoT solution in the next

24 months. Organizations in Asia Pacific and Latin America are more aggressive with 69 and 60 percent, respectively, planning to implement

over the same time period”

[Source: “Building Value from Visibility.” – A Forrester Consulting Thought Leadership paper Commissioned by Zebra Technologies, October 2012]

Tipp

ing Po

int

New Business Model

The Internet of Things is not just about gathering of data but also about the analysis and use of data.

“Big Data is not magic. It doesn’t matter how much data you have if you can’t make sense of it.”

Growth of “Things” Connected to the Internet

Wisdom

Knowledge

Information

Data

More Important

Less Important

Evaluated understanding

Appreciation of

Answers to questions.

Symbols

Understanding

Answers to questions

The more data that is created, the better understanding and wisdom people can obtain.

WHO

WHY

HOW

WHAT

WHERE WHEN

Sensing-as-a-Service : An IoT Cloud Service

IoT Cloud

Data Priv@cy Building Trust in the Digital Economy

Sensor Classification Scheme Based on Ownership

All personal items, such as mobile phones, wrist watches, spectacles, laptops, soft drinks, food items and household items, such as televisions, cameras, microwaves, washing machines, etc

Private business organization has the right to take the decision whether to publish the sensors attached to those items to the cloud or not.

Public infrastructure such as bridges, roads, parks, etc. All the sensors deployed by the government will be published in the cloud depending on government policies.

Business entities who deploy and manage sensors by themselves by keeping ownership. They earn by publishing the sensors and sensor data they own through sensor publishers.

Personal and Households

Commercial Sensor Data

Providers

Organizations

Public Private

[Source: “Sensing as a Service Model for Smart Cities Supported by Internet of Things”, Charith Perera et. al., Transactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technology, 2014]

The Sensing-as-a-Service Model


BENEFITS Sensing-As-A-Service

Harnessing the

of the Application Developers

Built-in Cloud Computing – “Pay-per-Use”

Participatory Sensing - “Rapid deployment”

Sharing and Reusing – “Free or Paid”

Reduction of Data Acquisition Cost – “Sustainable Business Model”

Collect Data Previously Unavailable – “Assist scientific community or survey activities”

“New Perspectives”

IoT Applications - Examples

Smart Home Scenario – Interactions in Sensing-as-a-Service Model


Efficient Waste Management in Smart Cities Supported by the Sensing-as-a-Service


IOT Application Scenario - Shopping

(2) When shopping in the market, the goods will introduce themselves.

(1) When entering the doors, scanners will identify the tags on her clothing.

(4) When paying for the goods, the microchip of the credit card will communicate with checkout reader.

(3) When moving the goods, the reader will tell the staff to put a new one.

Efficient and Effective Collaborative Research Supported by Sensing-as-a-Service Model

The sensing-as-a-service model allows researchers to share resources across borders and understand phenomenon which are not available in their own countries.

Crowdsensing

Smartphone as Your “Sensing Assistant”

Sensors: •  Camera – “Eyes” •  Audio – “Ears” •  Accelerometer –

“Speed” •  GPS – “Location” •  Gyroscope –

“Movement” •  Compass – “Direction” •  Proximity – “Closeness” •  Ambient light – “Eyes” •  Others…

Crowdsourcing Via Crowdsensing Context 1.  Spatial – Location / Speed Orientation 2.  Temporal – Time / Duration 3.  Environmental – Temperature / Light / Noise Level 4.  User Characterization – Activity (Mobility Pattern) / Social (Friends, Interactions) 5.  Resource Availability – Storage / Memory / Computational / Battery

NoiseTube – Crowdsourcing of Pollution Data Using Smartphones. What Motivates?

•  Citizens and Communities concerned with noise •  Measure your daily sound exposure in dB(A) with

your mobile phone •  Tag noisy sources to inform the community about

them •  Visualize your measurements on a map and

contribute to the creation of collective, city-wide noise maps

•  Compare your experience with that of others •  Local governments / city planners

•  Improve decision-making by understanding local and global noise pollution in your city using maps and statistics

•  Get immediate feedback and opinions from citizens •  Give immediate feedback to citizens

•  Researchers •  Get access to and analyze (anonymized) collective

noise data •  Find out what is important in soundscape perception

•  Developers •  Extend our mobile app in whichever way you see fit •  Use our environmental sensor web API to do your

own web mashups [Note: See Google Map View]

Urban Crowdsensing

Functional View of IOT Technologies

Today’s Wireless Landscape

Communication Technologies

“Box-Level” View of IOT Building Blocks

How IoT Help Quantified-Self

HOW MANY STEPS

HAVE YOU WALKED TODAY?

Average 3,000 – 4000

YESTERDAY I MADE 5,559

The recommended 10,000 steps a day originated in Japan in the early 1965. Japanese researchers led by Dr Yoshiro Hatano determined the average person took 3,500 to 5,000 steps per day, and that if they were to increase their steps to 10,000 steps per day, the result would be healthier, thinner people!Dr. Hatano’s calculations also showed that we should walk 10,000 steps a day to burn about 20% of our caloric intake through activity.

Classification of Pedometer-Determined Physical Activity

•  < 5000 steps/day - "sedentary lifestyle index” •  5,000-7,499 steps/day - "low active" •  7,500-9,999 steps/day - "somewhat active” •  10,000 steps/day - "active” •  > 12,500 steps/day - "highly active"

Activity Tracker – Getting Fit

Am I a “Couch Potato”?

Umrah Trip: 26/2 – 7/3/2014

How Well Do I Sleep?

Am I Healthy?

I Want To Know More About Myself

•  Where you’re going? •  Who you’ve interacted with? •  How long you’ve spoken to friends? •  The affinity of connections? •  How long it takes to get to work? •  The tone of your messages •  The amount you text, tweet or update? •  How much exercise you’re getting? •  How much you get distracted?

Can Internet of Things (IOT) Help Us To Know More About Ourselves?

LifeloggingTake a Stroll Down a Virtual Memory Lane

“How much more IOT can do is only left to your imagination and to your budget. You can do as little or as much with IoT as you want.”

Digital memories can do more than simply assist the recollection of past events, conversations and projects.

Na

rra

tive

Clip

Benefits of Lifelogging

It will take quite some time for people to feel comfortable with ‘always connected’ devices that can discreetly take photos or videos.

One question is if the benefits outweigh the negatives.

Benefits of Lifelogging – Precious Moments In ‘Total Recall’ (no relation to the movie) Gorden Bell (of Microsoft acclaim) found that by digitizing everything in his life he was able to reduce stress by a massive amount. Need a receipt of something you bought years ago? No problem, just do a quick search and it should pop right up.

What he also found was that by taking photos of everything moment of his life he could go back to precious unexpected moments that you wouldn’t normally take photos of.

Benefits of Lifelogging - Security

A huge amount of crimes are being filmed these days by passer’s by with cell phones. No need for security cameras when everyone in a building has a smart phone with a camera.

These moments could include a photo of your wife on the day you both met or a last photo of your beloved dog. It could also help with memory. Search for someone’s name and you’ll have all the information (including photos) of that person pop up when you are about to talk with them.

How to automatically records your real life story, as told by the places you visited and the things you've done because some of us have a great story to tell.

Life Data

Acquire Analyze Store

The 150 Days of My Life

Saga automatically records your real life story, as told by the places you visited and the things you've done. We all have a great story to tell. Let Saga tell yours.

Top 10 Places That Have Banned Google Glass

Because of these concerns, Google Glass has already received a number of pre-bans at certain places. 1.  Banks/ATMs 2.  Sports Arenas/Concert Venues 3.  Locker Rooms/Dressing Rooms 4.  Movie Theaters 5.  Cars 6.  Hospitals 7.  Classrooms 8.  Strip Clubs 9.  Casinos 10. Bars

“I think the really big issue here is that you might, individually, not worry about publishing details of your personal life. But you are publishing your friends, family and

business contacts details at the same time. You are potentially compromising your family and friends!”

Lifelogging: Is It An Invasion Of Privacy?

Lifelogging – Beyond Than Just Counting Steps

How can you organize and browse all the video, audio, image and text data you amass?

Auto Tagging

•  Fast browsing through memories will be dependent on such annotation •  To do this efficiently, we'll need machine learning algorithms that can automatically

recognize and tag all forms of life-logged data. •  Only then will we get the killer applications,

Logging Your Mind In the future, Gurrin (Dublin City University in Ireland) envisages that wearable headsets incorporating brainwave sensors will do memory ranking. "A spike due to excitement in a certain part of the brain could then be logged alongside the video to infer its importance level," he says

How to automatically annotate files with descriptive, searchable tags and to easily browse them.

Thought Controlled Computing

Neurowear Necomimi [Video]If you can capture emotions, you can tag it!

Neurowear “Neurocam” Concept [Video]

Thought Controlled Computing

[Source: http://venturebeat.com/2013/11/04/next-step-for-wearables-neurosky-brings-its-smart-sensors-to-health-fitness/ ]

The flagship product, MindWave, is a headset that can log into your computer using just your thoughts. Researchers recently used the EEG headset to develop a toy car that can be driven forward with thought. NeuroSky’s smart sensors can also track your heart rate and other bodily metrics and can be embedded in the next generation of wearable devices. “We make it possible for millions of consumers to capture and quantify critical health and wellness data,” Yang (CEO of Softbank) said. Softbank is the funder.

The Cat That Drank The Milk Internet of Things – The Circle Story

Internet of Things Only Tip of an Iceberg

SUMMARY

Thank You The Only Limit Is Your Imagination - Unleash Your Creativity

EMAIL: [email protected] TWITTER: mazlan_abbas FACEBOOK: www.facebook.com/drmazlanabbas LINKEDIN: my.linkedin.com/in/mazlan/ SLIDESHARE: www.slideshare.net/mazlan1

internet of things (iot) - we are at the tip of an iceberg

Internet

internet of things iot

postscape http

history of internet

people source

growth of things

decade source

present internet of

time period source