internet report asian
TRANSCRIPT
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1st Quarter, 2010 ReportAsia-Pacic Region
Volume 3, Number 1
The State ofthe Internet
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The spinning globe featured in the Akamai NOCC represents where Akamai servers are located and how much trafc they are seeing.
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Executive Summary
Each quarter, Akamai publishes a State of the Internet report. This reportincludes data gathered from across Akamais global server network about attack
trafc, broadband adoption, and mobile connectivity, as well as trends seen in
this data over time. Periodically, it also aggregates publicly available news and
information about notable events seen throughout the quarter, including Denial
of Service attacks, Web site hacks, and network events, including outages and
new connections.
During the rst quarter of 2010, Akamai observed attack trafc originating from 198 unique countries around
the world. Russia remained the top attack trafc source, accounting for 12% of observed attack trafc in total.The United States and China once again held the second and third place spots respectively, accounting for nearly
20% of observed attack trafc. Attack trafc concentration returned to levels seen in the third quarter of 2009,
with the top 10 ports once again seeing nearly 95% of the observed attack trafc. We noted that when aggregat-
ed at a continental level, Europe was responsible for the highest percentage of attacks seen in the rst quarter,
both overall, and for attacks observed to have originated in known mobile networks. Port 445 continued to be
the most highly targeted port for observed attacks, again both overall and for attack trafc originating in known
mobile networks.
Akamai observed a 7.2% increase (from the fourth quarter of 2009) globally in the number of unique IP addresses
connecting to Akamais network. From a global connection speed perspective, South Korea continued to have
the highest level of high broadband (>5 Mbps) connectivity. South Korea also maintained the highest average
connection speed, at 12 Mbps, and recorded the highest average maximum connection speed, at 33 Mbps, where
the per-IP address maximum connection speed was averaged across IP addresses from each country. Cities in South
Korea also held many of the top spots in the rankings of highest average and average maximum1 connection
speeds by city.
In the rst quarter of 2010, average measured connection speeds on mobile network providers around the
world ranged from 7.2 Mbps, down to 105 Kbps both were observed on mobile providers in Slovakia. Of the
109 mobile network providers listed in the report, 35 achieved average connection speeds above 1 Mbps. Average
maximum1 connection speeds on mobile providers around the world ranged from over 20 Mbps down to just over
400 Kbps. Of the 109 listed providers, 83 achieved average maximum1
speeds greater than the 2 Mbps broad-band threshold, 33 achieved average maximum1 speeds greater than the 5 Mbps high broadband threshold, and
six achieved average maximum1 speeds greater than 10 Mbps. Among mobile providers in the Asia Pacic region,
average connection speeds ranged from 218 Kbps in Indonesia to 2004 Kbps in Hong Kong. Average maximum 1
connection speeds within the region ranged from 1754 Kbps in Malaysia to 8581 Kbps in Hong Kong.
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4 2010 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved
IntroductIon 5
SectIon2:SecurIty 6
2.1 Attack Trafc, Top Originating Countries 6
2.2 Attack Trafc, Top Ports 7
SectIon3:InternetPenetratIon 8
SectIon4:GeoGraPhyGlobal 9
4.1 Global Average Connection Speeds 10
4.2 Global Average Connection Speeds, City View 11
4.3 Global Average Maximum Connection Speeds 13
4.4 Global Average Maximum Connection Speeds, City View 14
4.5 Global High Broadband Connectivity 164.6 Global High Broadband Connectivity: Speed Distribution 17
4.7 Global Broadband Connectivity 18
4.8 Global Narrowband Connectivity 19
SectIon5:GeoGraPhyaSIaPacIfIcreGIon 20
5.1 Asia Pacic Average Connection Speeds 20
5.2 Asia Pacic Average Connection Speeds, City View 21
5.3 Asia Pacic Average Maximum Connection Speeds 21
5.4 Asia Pacic Average Maximum Connection Speeds, City View 22
5.5 Asia Pacic High Broadband Connectivity 22
5.6 Asia Pacic High Broadband Connectivity: Speed Distribution 23
5.7 Asia Pacic Broadband Connectivity 24
5.8 Asia Pacic Narrowband Connectivity 24
SectIon6:MobIle 25
SectIon7:aPPendIx 28
SectIon8:endnoteS 29
Table of Contents
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Introduction
Akamais globally distributed network of servers allows us to gather massiveamounts of information on many metrics, including connection speeds, attack
trafc, and network connectivity/availability/latency problems, as well as trafc
patterns on leading Web sites.
In the rst quarter of 2010, observed attack trafc continued to target a relatively consistent set of ports,
and attacks targeting port 445 continued to be responsible for an overwhelming percentage of the observed
attacks, both overall, and for attacks observed to be originating in known mobile networks. Russia remained
the top source of observed attack trafc, followed closely by the United States in aggregate, the two countries
were responsible for 22% of observed attack trafc, with the balance originating in a long tail of 196 more
countries/regions. Aggregated at a continental level, Europe is responsible for the highest percentagesof observed attacks, both overall, and for attacks observed to be originating in known mobile networks.
Akamai noted accelerated quarterly growth in the global observed unique IP count in the rst quarter of
2010, which was up over 7% from the prior quarter, to over 487 million unique IP addresses making requests
to Akamai. Quarterly trending in global average connection speeds was mixed during the rst quarter, though
quarterly trending in average maximum1 connection speeds was generally positive. Given that data from known
mobile networks was removed from the data set used to calculate connection speed metrics, more countries
than expected showed declining quarterly levels of high broadband and broadband adoption during the rst
quarter, though we believe that this may be related to the increased consumption of rate-limited streams
delivered over HTTP.2 From a year-over-year perspective, trending was more generally positive for both metrics.
Rates of narrowband adoption also continued to show surprising levels of growth on a global basis.
In the Asia Pacic Region, South Korea continued to maintain its position as the country with the strongest
connection speed metrics, placing rst for average connection speed (12 Mbps) and average maximum 1
connection speed (33 Mbps), as well as high broadband (65%) adoption.
In response to the growing amount of Internet content being accessed through mobile devices such as
smartphones and laptops equipped with mobile broadband connection technologies, and also in response
to multiple inquiries for such data, Akamai has begun publishing insights into metrics collected from connections
to Akamai that have been identied as coming from networks associated with mobile providers. During the rst
quarter of 2010, average measured connection speeds on mobile network providers around the world ranged
from 7.2 Mbps, down to 105 Kbps both were observed on mobile providers in Slovakia. Average maximum 1
connection speeds on mobile providers around the world ranged from over 20 Mbps down to just over 400
Kbps. Consumption of content from Akamai by users on known mobile networks ranged from 9.5 GB per
unique IP address per month down to just 11 MB per unique IP address per month.
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6 2010 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved
2.1 Attack Trafc, Top Originating Countries
During the rst quarter of 2010, Akamai observed attack
trafc originating from 198 countries, the same as in the
fourth quarter of 2009. For the third consecutive quarter,
Russia held the top spot, originating 12% of observed
attack trafc, as shown in Figure 1. The United States
remained in second place though the portion of global
observed attack trafc the country generated declined
from 12% to 10% quarter over quarter. India and
Argentina dropped out of the top 10 in the rst quarter
(to 13th and 11th places, respectively), while Japan and
Poland moved into the top 10 (after ranking 11th and
12th respectively in the fourth quarter of 2009). Attack
concentration among the top 10 countries declinedslightly from the prior quarter, accounting for 61%
of observed attacks.
Aggregating the observed attack trafc at a continental
level, we nd that Europe is far and away responsible for
the largest percentage of attacks seen in the rst quarter,
as shown in Figure 2. In addition, in aggregating observed
attack trafc that originated from known mobile networks,
as shown in Figure 3, we nd that the largest percentage
of it (approximately half) appears to have come from
European mobile networks, followed by nearly a third
of it from mobile networks across South America. Given
the ports targeted by attacks identied as coming from
mobile networks, and the similarity to the overall target
port list, we believe that this attack trafc is likely being
generated by infected PC-type clients connecting to wire-
less networks through mobile broadband connectiontechnologies, and not by infected smartphones or
similar mobile devices.
SECTION 2:
Security
Akamai maintains a distributed set of agents deployed across the Internet that
serve to monitor attack trafc. Based on the data collected by these agents, Akamai
is able to identify the top countries from which attack trafc originates, as well asthe top ports targeted by these attacks. (Ports are network layer protocol identiers.)
This section, provides insight into Internet attack trafc, as observed and measured
by Akamai, during the rst quarter of 2010. While some quarter-over-quarter
trending may be discussed, it is expected that both the top countries and top
ports will experience some change on a quarterly basis.
Figure 1: Attack Trafc, Top Originating Countries/Regions
1 Russia 12% 13%
2 United States 10% 12%
3 China 9.1% 7.5%
4 Taiwan 6.1% 5.5%
5 Brazil 6.0% 6.4%
6 Italy 4.4% 4.5%
7 Germany 3.9% 4.4%8 Romania 3.2% 3.0%
9 Japan 2.9% 2.9%
10 Poland 2.4% 2.2%
Other 39% 37%
Q4 09 %% TrafcCountry/Region
42
107 8
1
5
3
6
9
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2.2 Attack Trafc, Top Ports
Attack concentration among the top 10 targeted ports
increased quarter over quarter, with the top 10 ports
responsible for just under 95% of observed attacks
(up from just under 92% in the fourth quarter of 2009).
As usual, port 445 was the most targeted port, once
again targeted by 74% of observed attacks. In looking
at the target port distribution across the top 10 countries,
the concentration of attacks targeted at this port varies
widely, ranging from 95% in Romania to just over 50%
in the United States. Elsewhere among the top 10, SMTP
(port 25) was replaced in the list by SOCKS Proxy (port
1080), which moved up from 14th place in the fourth
quarter of 2009.
In reviewing observed attack trafc originating in known
mobile networks, Port 445 was, for most network providers,
far and away the most targeted port, likely indicating user
populations with insufciently patched systems running
Microsoft Windows OS variants that are connecting to
mobile networks, as opposed to malware running on smart-
phones and similar mobile devices. Other popular targets
for the rst quarter included Port 135 (Microsoft-RPC),
Port 139 (NetBIOS), and Port 22 (SSH).
Figure 2: Q1 2010 Observed Attack Trafc, Aggregated by Region
Arica 1%
SouthAmerica
11%
NorthAmerica 13%
Asia Pacifc31%
Europe 44%
Figure 3: Q1 2010 Observed Attack Trafc rom Mobile Networks,
Aggregated by Region
Arica 0.1%
SouthAmerica 32%
North America 2.2%
Asia Pacifc16%
Europe 50%
Figure 4: Attack Trafc, Top Ports
445 Microsot-DS 74% 74%
22 SSH 6.3% 5.2%
139 NetBIOS 3.2% 2.8%
23 Telnet 2.5% 2.5%
135 Microsot-RPC 2.5% 2.8%
80 WWW 1.7% 1.5%
4899 Remote Administrator 1.5% 1.1%
1433 Microsot SQL Server 1.1% 0.9%
5900 VNC Server 0.9% 0.8%
1080 SOCKS Proxy 0.5% 0.3%
Various Other 5.6%
Q4 09 %% TrafcPort UsePort
SOCKS Proxy 0.5%
NetBIOS 3.2%
Telnet 2.5%
Microsot-RPC 2.5%WWW 1.7%
Remote Administrator 1.5%
Microsot SQL Server 0.9% VNC Server 0.9%
Microsot-DS74%
SSH 6.3%
Other5.6%
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As shown in Figure 5, the top 10 countries remained
the same quarter-over-quarter, though Brazil and Spain
again exchanged places at the bottom of the list. Con-
tinuing the ongoing trend, the United States and China
accounted for nearly 40% of the observed IP addresses.
In addition to the accelerated quarterly growth seen
in the global IP address count, in comparing fourth
quarter 2009 and rst quarter 2010 quarterly change
levels, eight of the top 10 countries also saw similarly
accelerated quarterly growth in Internet penetration
levels. (Germany and the United Kingdom were the
two exceptions, seeing smaller quarterly changes
than in the prior quarter.)
Globally, 54 countries saw a quarterly decline in IP address
counts in the rst quarter, though nearly two-thirds of those
were places where Akamai observed just tens or hundreds
of IP addresses. Concentration among the top 10 remained
consistent as well, accounting for approximately 71% of
the observed IP addresses for the third consecutive quarter.
In looking at the long tail, there were 184 countries/
regions with fewer than one million unique IP addresses
connecting to Akamai in the rst quarter of 2010, 140
with fewer than 100,000 unique IP addresses, and 32
with fewer than 1,000 unique IP addresses. The count
for 1,000 unique IP addresses remained consistent quarter-
over-quarter, while the other two were down slightly.
SECTION 3:
Internet Penetration
Through a globally-deployed server network, and by virtue of the billions of requests
for Web content that it services on a daily basis, Akamai has unique visibility into
the levels of Internet penetration around the world. In the rst quarter of 2010,over 487 million unique IP addresses, from 233 countries/regions, connected to the
Akamai network 7.2% more IP addresses than in the fourth quarter of 2009, and
16% more than in the same quarter a year ago. While the yearly change was roughly
consistent with the level seen in the fourth quarter of 2009, the quarterly change
was nearly 75% higher than that seen in the fourth quarter, possibly indicating
accelerated growth in Internet penetration levels. Although we see approximately
487 million unique IP addresses, Akamai believes that it sees approximately one billion
Web users. This is because in some cases, multiple individuals may be represented by
a single IP address (or small number of IP addresses), as they access the World Wide
Web through a rewall or proxy server. Conversely, individual users can have multiple
IP addresses (handheld, personal/home system, business laptop, etc.).
Figure 5: Unique IP Addresses Seen By Akamai
Global 487,618,413 7.2% 16%
1 United States 129,354,234 8.1% 11%
2 China 57,723,188 14% 30%
3 Japan 33,220,465 3.8% 13%
4 Germany 31,012,378 1.6% 8.6%
5 France 22,473,570 5.1% 15%
6 United Kingdom 20,114,050 1.5% 6.9%
7 South Korea 16,715,485 7.2% 16%
8 Canada 11,729,224 3.9% 4.1%
9 Brazil 11,381,433 6.7% 23%
10 Spain 11,224,801 4.8% 13%
YoYChange
QoQChange
Q1 10 UniqueIP Addresses
Country/Region
1
8
4
9
2
3
710
5
6
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4.1 Global Average Connection Speeds
After a generally positive showing in Q4 2009, changes
to average connection speeds are once again mixed
around the world. (Readers may note that the Mbps
gures below are higher than those listed in prior editions
of this report, but are still reecting quarter-over-quarter
declines. As noted in the introduction to this section,
trafc from known mobile providers has been removed
from the data sets used to calculate this metric for Q1
2010, and the accompanying quarter-over-quarter and
year-over-year changes have been calculated from this
adjusted data set as well.) As shown in Figure 6, average
speed increases among the top 10 countries were largely
unremarkable, with Hong Kong and Denmark remaining
essentially at, and Japan, the Netherlands, and Switzer-
land improving by 3.5% or less. Over the long term,
year-over-year trends are more positive, however, with
seven of the top 10 countries having higher average
connection speeds than during the same period a year
ago. The United States ranked 16th globally, managing
slight half-percent increases quarter-over-quarter and
year-over year. Given this, the adjusted average connec-
tion speed for the fourth quarter would be just under
4.7 Mbps nearly a full Mbps higher than the speedreported in last quarters report, which included trafc
from mobile networks.
With trafc from known mobile networks now removed
from the data set, it is not immediately clear what is causing
the observed decline in average connection speeds on a
global basis and in other countries. The base data set may
still include usage from mobile networks not yet identied,
or from network providers that are mixing mobile and xed
network trafc on a single autonomous system. Alternatively,
it may point to higher usage of network-reliant applications
and devices that are consuming some amount of network
bandwidth in communicating with non-Akamai systems.
Finally, some of this decline may be related to the delivery
of video content for the 2010 Winter Olympics over the
Akamai HD Network,2 as discussed in Section 4.5 below.
During the rst quarter, 96 countries had average
connection speeds below 1 Mbps, a level consistent with
the prior quarter. Akamai measured average connection
speeds below 100 Kbps in ve countries in the rst quarter
up from three in the fourth quarter of 2009. (Note that
the slowest countries often have the smallest number
of unique IP addresses connecting to Akamai, so it may
be the case that a few less countries fell below the 1000
unique IP address threshold in the rst quarter than in
the fourth quarter.) The lowest average connection speed
was once again in Mayotte, at 40 Kbps, even with the
prior quarter.
SECTION 4:
Geography Global(continued)
Figure 6: Average Measured Connection Speed by Country/Region
Global 1.7 -4.7% -1.0%
1 South Korea 12 -2.3% 9.6%
2 Hong Kong 9.0 19%
3 Japan 7.9 2.5% -1.6%
4 Romania 6.3 -14% 6.5%
5 Latvia 6.3 -0.1% 35%
6 Sweden 6.2 -0.7% -8.6%7 Netherlands 6.0 3.6% 9.6%
8 Czech Republic 5.5 -6.4% 0.7%
9 Denmark 5.3 0.1% 6.2%
10 Switzerland 5.3 3.7% -6.1%
16 United States 4.7 0.5% 0.5%
YoY ChangeQoQ ChangeQ1 10 Avg. MbpsCountry/Region
16
6
5
4
3
2
110
8
7
9
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4.2 Global Average Connection Speeds,
City View
For the third consecutive quarter, we are once again
examining average measured connection speeds at a city
level. In addition to the 50,000 unique IP addresses lter
that was implemented last quarter for inclusion in the list,
weve applied an additional lter for this quarters report.
It was previously noted that cities that were home to one
or more major academic institutions (colleges/universities)
featured prominently within the list. To that end, for this
quarters list, connections from known academic networks
(autonomous systems) were removed from the source data
set in order to mitigate the impact high-speed campus
connections may have had on the overall rankings. As
seen in Figure 8, this new academic lter has had
a signicant impact on the rankings of cities within the list.
The former top three cities Berkeley (California), Chapel
Hill (North Carolina), and Stanford (California) have all
disappeared from the top 100 list, with former 4th place
city Masan (South Korea) moving into the top slot. The
city with the highest average connection speed in the
United States is now Monterey Park, CA with an average
connection speed of 7.2 Mbps.
Figure 7 illustrates that Asia dominates the list, with more
than half (61) of the top cities located in Japan, 12 more in
South Korea, including eight of the top 10, and Hong Kong.
In North America, 14 cities made it to the top 100 (12 in the
United States, 2 in Canada) and in Europe, 12 cities across
6 countries reached the top 100.
Cities in Asia dominate the Global Average Connection Speeds top 100 list, with61 located in Japan, 12 more in South Korea, and Hong Kong. Fourteen cities
from North America made it into the top 100, along with 12 cities in Europe.
Figure 7: Number of Cities in top 100, Average Measured Connection Speed
Mbps
Japa
n
Swed
en
Roma
nia
Germ
any
Sout
hKo
rea
Unite
dSta
tes
Neth
erlan
ds
Czec
hRe
publi
c
Norw
ay
Cana
da
Hong
Kon
g
60
12
9
6
3
0
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Figure 8: Average Measured Connection Speed, Top Global Cities
1 South Korea Masan 15839
2 South Korea Poryong 141343 South Korea Kimchon 13845
4 South Korea Taegu 13796
5 South Korea Milyang 13463
6 South Korea Seocho 12829
7 South Korea Ilsan 12500
8 Japan Usen 12499
9 Japan Tokai 12377
10 South Korea Seoul 11861
11 Japan Kanagawa 11541
12 Japan Shimotsuma 11206
13 Japan Urawa 11017
14 South Korea Suwon 10736
15 Japan Asahi 10670
16 Japan Tochigi 10248
17 Japan Marunouchi 9804
18 Sweden Umea 9799
19 Japan Ibaraki 9684
20 Japan Shizuoka 9402
21 Japan Nagoya 9262
22 Japan Kyoto 9249
23 Japan Hyogo 9038
24 Japan Yokohama 9001
25 Japan Kobe 8991
26 Japan Giu 8975
27 South Korea Yongsan 8950
28 Japan Sendai 8897
29 Japan Nagano 8887
30 Norway Lyse 8887
31 Japan Chiba 8801
32 Japan Nara 8637
33 Japan Hodogaya 8584
34 Hong Kong Hong Kong 8571
35 Japan Wakayama 8559
36 Japan Fukuoka 8476
37 Japan Yokkaichi 8412
38 Japan Kagawa 8370
39 Japan Niho 8333
40 Japan Soka 830141 Japan Niigata 8248
42 Japan Otsu 8240
43 Japan Hiroshima 8209
44 Netherlands Wageningen 8130
45 South Korea Inchon 8102
46 Japan Hamamatsu 8059
47 Japan Matsuyama 8053
48 Japan Mito 8044
49 Japan Kokuryo 8042
50 Japan Kanazawa 7999
51 Japan Utsunomiya 7885
52 Japan Fukui 780153 Canada Oakville 7790
54 Japan Tokushima 7780
55 Japan Yosida 7769
56 Japan Hakodate 7761
57 Canada Victoria 7759
58 Germany Baden-Baden 7733
59 Japan Tokyo 7675
60 Japan Yamagata 7659
61 Romania Constanta 7623
62 Japan Yamaguchi 7521
63 Netherlands Groningen 7468
64 Japan Kochi 7388
65 Japan Iwaki 7316
66 United States Monterey Park, CA 7272
67 Japan Kou 7266
68 Japan Okayama 7233
69 Japan Osaka 7135
70 Japan Toyama 7077
71 Japan Kagoshima 7044
72 South Korea Suyudong 7031
73 Japan Saga 6962
74 Japan Kumamoto 6943
75 Japan Tottori 6858
76 United States Riverside, CA 6845
77 Japan Okidate 6784
78 Japan Morioka 6776
79 United States Fairfeld, CA 6719
80 Czech Republic Ceska 6685
81 United States Capitol Heights, MD 6614
82 Japan Miyazaki 6610
83 Japan Nagasaki 6602
84 Romania Timisoara 6599
85 Romania Iasi 6589
86 Japan Akita 6550
87 United States Hayward, CA 6545
88 Sweden Goteborg 6537
89 United States Walnut Creek, CA 6534
90 United States Staten Island, NY 651891 United States Oakland, CA 6476
92 United States San Mateo, CA 6452
93 Netherlands Joure 6437
94 United States Olympia, WA 6426
95 Japan Oita 6406
96 Japan Otemachi 6380
97 United States Boston Metro, MA 6378
98 Netherlands Tilburg 6352
99 Japan Sapporo 6317
100 United States Union, NJ 6317
Q1 10 Avg. Kbps Q1 10 Avg. KbpsCity CityCountry/Region Country/Region
SECTION 4:
Geography Global(continued)
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4.3 Global Average Maximum
Connection Speeds
As mentioned in the introduction to this section, new
to the State of the Internetreport series this quarter is
a review of average maximum connection speeds. This
metric represents an average of the maximum measured
connection speeds across all of the unique IP addresses
seen by Akamai from a particular geography. The average
is used in order to mitigate the impact of unrepresenta-
tive maximum measured connection speeds. In contrast
to the average measured connection speed, the average
maximum connection speed metric is more representative
of what many end-user Internet connections are capable
of. (This includes the application of so-called speed boost-
ing technologies that may be implemented within the
network by providers, in order to deliver faster download
speeds for some larger les.) Note that data from known
mobile networks has also been removed from the source
data set for this metric.
As shown in Figure 9, in the rst quarter of 2010,
Akamai calculated an average maximum connection
speed of 33 Mbps in South Korea almost 3x the average
connection speed within the country with strong growth
on a quarterly and yearly basis as well. Asia continues
to lead this metric as well, with South Korea, Hong Kong,
and Japan taking the rst three slots in the top 10 list.
European countries took six of the remaining slots,
all with average maximum connection speeds over 15
Mbps, while the United States placed 8th with an average
maximum connection speed of 16 Mbps. Quarterly changes
among the top 10 countries were all positive, as were most
of the yearly changes, with only Sweden and the United
States showing slight declines. While the 4.7% quarterly
decline for the global gure is reasonable, representing
a slowdown of approximately 300 Kbps, the 24% yearly
decline, equivalent to a 2 Mbps slowdown, is surprising.
A review of the source data shows signicant yearly average
maximum connection speed declines in China, India, and
a number of South American countries, among others.
While the declines in these countries clearly inuenced theoverall global gure, it is not clear what drove the declines.
In looking at the average maximum speed distribution
around the world, only South Korea exceeded 30 Mbps,
due in no small part to the broad availability of extremely
high speed Internet connectivity across the country. Three
more countries/regions registered average maximum
speeds in excess of 20 Mbps, while 39 others had average
maximum speeds in excess of 10 Mbps. In looking at the
high broadband threshold of 5 Mbps, 58 additional
countries exceeded that. Only 12 countries saw average
maximum connection speeds below 1 Mbps, including
Mayotte, where the 411 Kbps average maximum speed
was 10x its average speed for the rst quarter.
Figure 9: Average Maximum Connection Speed by Country/Region
Global 6.4 -4.7% -24%
1 South Korea 33 15% 28%
2 Hong Kong 30 15% 8.3%
3 Japan 26 9.4% 6.8%
4 Romania 25 1.8% 13%5 Sweden 19 3.8% -1.5%
6 Latvia 19 11% 43%
7 Belgium 17 8.9% 8.7%
8 United States 16 6.7% -1.2%
9 Portugal 16 7.8% 13%
10 Bulgaria 15 32% 63%
YoY ChangeQoQ ChangeQ1 10 Max. MbpsCountry/Region
8
46
3
1
9
10
7
2
5
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4.4 Global Average Maximum Connection
Speeds, City View
Following the lead of Sections 4.2 and 4.3 above, starting
this quarter, the State of the Internetreport will also begin
to review average maximum1 connection speeds at a city
level. As noted in Section 4.2, connections from known
academic networks (autonomous systems) were removed
from the source data set in order to mitigate impact that
high-speed campus connections may have had on the
overall rankings. Weve also applied a lter of 50,000
unique IP addresses for inclusion in this list.
It comes as no surprise that Japan and South Korea
rule the top 10 for this metric as well, with six andfour cities respectively among the top 10, as shown
in Figure 11. Additionally, Figure 10 shows that Japan
and South Korea also dominate the top 100 cities, with
Japan holding over half (53) of the spots on the list, and
South Korea taking another 11. In Europe, 8 cities across
ve countries are included in the top 100, with four of
those cities in Romania. In North America, the United
States accounts for over a quarter (27) of the entries.
When viewed at a more granular city level, the average
maximum1 connection speeds tell an even better story
of the availability of extremely high-speed connectivity
around the world. As Figure 11 illustrates, three cities
had average maximum1 connection speeds in excess
of 40 Mbps, while 22 more exceeded 30 Mbps. Nearly
100 additional cities around the world had average
maximum1 connection speeds above 20 Mbps, and over
360 more achieved average maximum1 connection speeds
between 10 and 20 Mbps. Over 190 more surpassed the
high broadband threshold of 5 Mbps, while over 130
fell between that level and the broadband threshold
of 2 Mbps. Only one city (with more than 50,000 unique
IP addresses connecting to Akamai in the rst quarter)saw an average maximum1 connection speed below
1 Mbps Tripoli, Libya.
SECTION 4:
Geography Global(continued)
Figure 10: Number of Cities in top 100, Average Maximum Connection Speed
Mbps
Japan
Norw
ay
Germa
ny
Sweden
Unite
dState
s
SouthKo
rea
Romania
Portuga
l
HongKo
ng
56
52
28
24
20
16
12
8
4
0
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Figure 11: Average Maximum Connection Speed, Top Global Cities
1 South Korea Masan 40558
2 Japan Tokai 401793 Japan Marunouchi 40084
4 Japan Kanagawa 38239
5 South Korea Kimchon 37976
6 South Korea Taegu 37420
7 South Korea Poryong 37030
8 Japan Usen 36299
9 Japan Urawa 36079
10 Japan Shimotsuma 35815
11 South Korea Milyang 34943
12 Japan Hodogaya 34213
13 Romania Constanta 34133
14 South Korea Seocho 33752
15 Japan Tochigi 33500
16 Japan Asahi 33372
17 Japan Soka 33246
18 Japan Nagano 33045
19 South Korea Ilsan 32226
20 South Korea Seoul 32091
21 South Korea Suwon 31700
22 Japan Chiba 31461
23 Japan Fukuoka 30424
24 Japan Yokohama 30137
25 Japan Ibaraki 30106
26 Japan Kokuryo 29747
27 Japan Nagoya 29630
28 Japan Kobe 29581
29 South Korea Yongsan 29499
30 Japan Sendai 29243
31 Japan Kyoto 29149
32 Japan Mito 29129
33 Romania Timisoara 28678
34 Romania Iasi 28432
35 Japan Utsunomiya 28332
36 Japan Niigata 28324
37 Hong Kong Hong Kong 28124
38 Japan Kagawa 27999
39 Japan Giu 27941
40 Japan Yosida 2789841 Norway Lyse 27688
42 Japan Yokkaichi 27653
43 Japan Shizuoka 27522
44 Japan Niho 27158
45 Japan Wakayama 26849
46 Japan Nara 26692
47 South Korea Suyudong 26611
48 Germany Baden-Baden 26594
49 Japan Kanazawa 26519
50 Japan Otsu 26404
51 Japan Hamamatsu 26265
52 Japan Fukui 2614953 Japan Hakodate 25954
54 Japan Iwaki 25844
55 Japan Kou 25563
56 Japan Hiroshima 25280
57 United States Monterey Park, CA 25256
58 Japan Yamagata 25218
59 Japan Tokushima 25156
60 Japan Tokyo 24752
61 Japan Matsuyama 24629
62 United States Federal Way, WA 24628
63 United States Everett, WA 24588
64 United States Olympia, WA 24564
65 United States Bellevue, WA 24461
66 Sweden Umea 24422
67 Japan Yamaguchi 24397
68 United States Vancouver, WA 24115
69 United States Salem, OR 24013
70 Japan Osaka 23942
71 Japan Hyogo 23913
72 United States Hickory, NC 23879
73 Romania Bucharest 23830
74 United States Boston Metro, MA 23742
75 Portugal Coimbra 23642
76 Japan Morioka 23572
77 Japan Okidate 23533
78 United States Fairfeld, CA 23477
79 United States Beaverton, OR 23316
80 Japan Toyama 23265
81 Japan Sapporo 23261
82 United States Hayward, CA 23107
83 Japan Kochi 22911
84 Japan Okayama 22845
85 United States Riverside, CA 22803
86 United States Capitol Heights, MD 22717
87 United States Tacoma, WA 22717
88 United States Oakland, CA 22649
89 United States Oxord, MA 22586
90 United States Walnut Creek, CA 2250991 United States Stone Mountain, GA 22492
92 United States Aurora, CO 22229
93 United States Union, NJ 22210
94 United States San Mateo, CA 22070
95 United States Romeoville, IL 22056
96 Japan Akita 21956
97 United States Staten Island, NY 21898
98 United States Mishawaka, IN 21796
99 United States Arvada, CO 21742
100 United States Mount Prospect, IL 21683
Q1 10 Max. Kbps Q1 10 Max. KbpsCity CityCountry/Region Country/Region
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SECTION 4:
Geography Global(continued)
4.5 Global High Broadband Connectivity
In the rst quarter of 2010, one-fth of the connections
to Akamai were at speeds greater than 5 Mbps down
slightly from the prior quarter, but a bit more than the
same quarter a year ago. As shown in Figure 12, quarterly
changes across the top 10 countries were mixed, though
none of the changes were signicant. However, for most
of the top 10 countries, yearly growth in high broadband
penetration was fairly strong, with seven of them see-
ing yearly increases greater than 10%. (Note that trafc
from known mobile networks was removed here as well,
which may cause some of the metrics to differ signicantly
from values published in prior editions of the report.)
The positive year-over-year changes are an encouraging
trend across the top 10 and on a global basis. In looking
at countries beyond the top 10, those showing year-over-
year gains outnumbered declines by a 5:4 ratio, though
there were a number of countries that saw signicant
yearly improvements, likely due to relatively low base
levels of high broadband penetration. Similarly, many
of the countries outside the top 10 that saw signicant
yearly declines also had relatively low base levels of high
broadband penetration.
Overall, we believe that the declines seen in some regions
in the rst quarter may be related to the streaming of the
2010 Winter Olympics on the Akamai HD Network,5 which
leverages HTTP to provide adaptive bitrate streaming, re-
sulting in unmatched scale, quality and a highly interactive
viewer experience. Streams for the Olympics were encoded
by the broadcasters at six unique bitrates between 350
Kbps and 3.45 Mbps all below the high broadband
threshold of 5 Mbps, with four of the six bitrates below
the broadband threshold of 2 Mbps. As such, because
delivery of the streams would have been rate-limited to
those bitrates (due to the encoding rates), this may have
impacted the percentage of connections to Akamai in
excess of 5 Mbps. The Akamai HD Network was rst an-nounced in September 2009,6 and its growth in the rst
year of availability is a very positive sign, both for customer
adoption of the service, as well as the continued growth
of video consumption online. Similar to the impact of data
from mobile networks in prior quarters, and the subse-
quent ltering of such data, Akamai plans to implement
similar ltering of such rate-limited content, as appropriate,
from future State of the Internetdata sets.
Figure 12: High Broadband Connectivity, Fastest Countries/Regions
Global 20% -5.2% 1.5%
1 South Korea 65% -7.6% 25%
2 Japan 60% 0.2% 4.8%
3 Romania 48% -4.5% 18%
4 Hong Kong 45% -9.0% 16%
5 Sweden 42% -3.7% -13%
6 Latvia 41% 2.9% 75%
7 Denmark 41% 0.7% 16%
8 Netherlands 40% 2.6% 10%
9 Canada 34% 0.9% 47%
10 Belgium 33% -2.9% -1.1%
14 United States 25% -4.3% -2.6%
YoY ChangeQoQ Change% above 5 MbpsCountry/Region
14
5
6
3
2
4
1
8
10
7
9
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4.6 Global High Broadband Connectivity:
Speed Distribution
In an effort to better understand the distribution of
connections at speeds above 5 Mbps around the world,
Akamai has done a more detailed analysis on these
connections in order to publish more detailed data on
the distribution of connection speeds, aggregated into
5 Mbps buckets, as seen in Figure 13.
In looking back at the analysis published in the 1st
Quarter, 2009 State of the Internetreport, we noted
that it would be interesting to see if the percentage
of connections over 25 Mbps in South Korea continued
to grow. A year later, we observe that while this percent-age has declined slightly (12% to 11%), the percentages
in the other buckets have increased. For the United States,
these speed distributions have remained essentially at,
as compared to those published in the 1st Quarter, 2009
State of the Internetreport.
We expect that, on a global basis, as the adoption
and rollout of DOCSIS 3.0 technology by cable Internet
providers,7 as well as other FTTH initiatives by telecom
providers,8 become more widespread the percentage of
connections in higher speed buckets will grow over time.
The average maximum1 connection speed data presented
above demonstrate that these very high speed connections
are certainly available in some areas, but they need to be
made more widely available, and priced at levels that more
subscribers will nd affordable.
Figure 13: High Broadband Connectivity, Distribution o Speeds
1 South Korea 65% 28% 14% 7.7% 4.7% 11%
2 Japan 60% 34% 16% 5.4% 2.1% 2.2%
3 Romania 48% 33% 8.9% 2.6% 1.1% 1.6%
4 Hong Kong 45% 23% 7.0% 4.2% 3.0% 7.4%
5 Sweden 42% 29% 6.9% 2.8% 1.4% 2.5%
6 Latvia 41% 28% 6.6% 2.5% 1.2% 2.3%
7 Denmark 41% 35% 3.9% 0.9% 0.4% 0.7%
8 Netherlands 40% 31% 5.7% 1.4% 0.6% 1.5%
9 Canada 34% 28% 3.7% 0.8% 0.4% 0.8%
10 Belgium 33% 31% 1.3% 0.2% 0.1% 0.3%
14 United States 25% 20% 2.7% 0.9% 0.4% 0.8%
1015 Mbps >25 Mbps510 Mbps 2025 Mbps% above 5 Mbps 1520 MbpsCountry/Region
We expect that, on a global basis, as the adoption and rollout of DOCSIS
3.0 technology by cable Internet providers,as well as other FTTH initiatives
by telecom providers, become more widespread the percentage of connectionsin higher speed buckets will grow over time.
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4.7 Global Broadband Connectivity
Similar to what was noted in Section 4.5 above, we
believe that the rate-limited delivery of streaming content
for the 2010 Olympics over the Akamai HD Network2 may
have impacted the quarterly and yearly changes for global
broadband connectivity globally and in selected countries
around the world, as shown in Figure 14. In addition, as
was noted previously, data from known mobile networks
was removed from the source data set for this metric.
Having said that, quarterly changes among the top
10 countries were mixed, though the yearly changes,
on the whole, were certainly more positive. Of interest
is Monaco taking the top slot for global broadband,
pushing Switzerland into second place. While Monaco
certainly has an impressive rate of broadband adoption,
it is derived from a much smaller sample set than the
balance of countries among the top 10 it had fewer
than 20,000 unique IP addresses that connected to
Akamai at speeds above 2 Mbps, while other countries
in the top 10 had hundreds of thousands or millions
of unique IP addresses connecting to Akamai at those
speeds, so its ranking must be considered in that light.
Overall, broadband adoption around the world continues
to be strong and increasing. In the rst quarter of 2010,
50 countries/regions had broadband adoption levels in
excess of 50% this is up from 45 countries/regions in the
rst quarter of 2009, and just 27 in the rst quarter of 2008.
Figure 14: Broadband Connectivity, Fast Countries/Regions
Global 53% -3.6% -4.3%
1 Monaco 92% 1.5% 7.5%
2 Switzerland 91% -0.3%
3 Hong Kong 90% -1.4% 2.9%
4 South Korea 89% -3.2% 7.9%
5 Bulgaria 89% 5.1% 19%
6 Latvia 88% 2.1% 40%
7 Denmark 87% -0.9% 2.9%
8 Japan 87% -1.6% -2.7%
9 Belgium 87% -2.6% -3.5%
10 Slovakia 86% -1.4% 4.2%
41 United States 56% -3.3% -9.6%
YoY ChangeQoQ Change% above 2 MbpsCountry/Region
41
6
5
8
3
42
1
9
107
SECTION 4:
Geography Global(continued)
Analysts at research rm Point Topic have estimated that emerging countries,
including the BRICs, as well as others in Eastern Europe, Southeast Asia, andSouth America, will be the main driver of broadband growth over the next ve
years, with a 14% annual growth rate in the number of connections. By 2014
they will account for over 320 million connections, 43% of the projected world
total of 740 million by that time.[http://point-topic.com/content/dslanalysis/BBAfore100301.htm]
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4.8 Global Narrowband Connectivity
In looking at narrowband connectivity, in contrast to the
high broadband and broadband rankings, quarterly and
yearly declines are considered to be a positive trend, as it
likely indicates that higher speed connectivity is becoming
more widely available and more widely adopted. However,
while broadband adoption continues to increase in many
countries around the world, many other countries are
still stuck with low-speed Internet connections, with large
percentages of their connections to Akamai occurring at
speeds below 256 Kbps. While data from known mobile
network providers was removed from the data set used
to calculate the metrics reported in this section, it appears
that this did not have a signicant impact among the
worlds slowest countries, as the data in Figure 15 illustrates,
with many of the countries in the top 10 seeing quarterly
increases in levels of narrowband connectivity, and a yearly
increase across all. However, none of the top 10 countries
reported more than 6,000 unique IP addresses connecting
to Akamai at narrowband rates (and none with more than
7,800 unique IP addresses overall), which ultimately means
that small shifts in IP address counts can equate to large
quarterly or yearly changes. Among countries registering
hundreds of thousands or millions of unique IP addresses
connecting to Akamai at narrowband speeds, both quar-
terly and yearly changes were mixed, with large percentage
increases seen in China and several countries in South
America and Europe.
Figure 15: Narrowband Connectivity, Slowest Countries/Regions
Global 5.2% 18% 17%
1 Mayotte 99% -0.4% 21%
2 Wallis And Futuna 98% 1.2% 39%
3 Equatorial Guinea 98% 7.6% 49%
4 Cook Islands 96% 7.7% 88%
5 Cuba 95% 0.4% 31%
6 Vanuatu 94% 7.3% 25%
7 Guyana 93% -2.6% 48%
8 Ethiopia 93% 1.3% 29%
9 Congo 92% 9.4% 74%
10 Rwanda 92% 14% 24%
118 United States 4.3% -4.8% 5.7%
YoYChange
QoQChange
% below256 Kbps
Country/Region
118
3
5
4 1
8
2
6
7 9
10
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5.1 Asia Pacifc Average Connection Speeds
In the Asia Pacic region, South Korea had the highest
average connection speed in the rst quarter, followed
by Hong Kong and Japan. As shown in Figure 16, South
Koreas average connection speed of 12 Mbps is 3 Mbps
faster than second place Hong Kong, and over 15x faster
than Chinas average connection speed of 695 Kbps.
Of the dozen countries/regions surveyed within the Asia
Pacic region, nine of them recorded average connection
speeds below the 5 Mbps high broadband threshold.
In looking at trending over time, quarterly changes were
mixed, with Thailands average speed gaining 14%, and
SECTION 5:
Geography Asia Pacic Region
In prior editions of the State of the Internet report, metrics for the Asia Pacic region
were incorporated into the overall global metrics section. Starting with this edition
of the report, the metrics for specic geographic regions will now be presentedwithin their own section. The metrics for the Asia Pacic region presented here
are based on a subset of the data used for Section 4, and are subject to the same
thresholds and lters discussed within the prior section. (The subset used for this
section includes connections identied as coming from networks located in the Asia
Pacic region, based on classication by Akamais EdgeScape9 geolocation tool.)
Chinas average speed declining 21%, with the other ten
countries/regions falling within those bounds. Surprisingly,
there were more countries/regions that saw year-over-year
declines in average speed than those that saw average
speeds increase. However, the year-over-year increases that
were seen were, in general, fairly signicant, with South
Korea gaining almost 10%, and Thailand jumping over
70%. Hong Kong and Malaysia also posted double-digit
percentage increases. As noted in Section 4.5 above,
we believe that the rate-limited delivery of streaming
content for the 2010 Winter Olympics over the Akamai
HD Network2 may have impacted the observed quarterly
and yearly changes.
5.2 Asia Pacifc Average Connection
Speeds, City View
As with the Global Average Connection Speeds, City
View presented in Section 4.2, connections from known
academic networks were removed from the data set
to mitigate the impact that high-speed campus connections
may have had on the overall rankings. In addition, the
50,000 unique IP address lter was used for this view as
well. In reviewing the top 10 cities in the Asia Pacic region
with the highest average connection speeds, as shown
Figure 16: Average Measured Connection Speed by Country/Region
1 South Korea 12021 -2.3% 9.6%
2 Hong Kong 9010 19%
3 Japan 7863 2.5% -1.6%
19 Taiwan 4334 0.5% -6.9%
42 New Zealand 2912 -7.4% 1%
44 Thailand 2856 14% 71%
46 Singapore 2722 -2.7% -16%
50 Australia 2613 19% -8.6%
101 Malaysia 1067 -5.6% 11%
113 Philippines 885 2.4% -18%118 India 796 -7.5% -11%
124 China 695 -21% -15%
YoYChange
QoQChange
Q1 10Avg. Kbps
Country/RegionGlobalRank
4250
124
118
3
1
2
19
113
44
46101
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5.3 Asia Pacifc Average Maximum
Connection Speeds
In addition to holding the rst three places globally for
the fastest average connection speed metric, South Korea,
Hong Kong, and Japan also topped the list of countries/
regions with the fastest average maximum1 connection
speeds, as shown in Figure 18. While there was once again
a ~3 Mbps gap between South Korea and Hong Kong, the
gap between South Korea and China was not quite as signi-
cant for this metric, with South Koreas average maximum1
connection speed only ~11x that of Chinas 2732 Kbps.
Quarterly trending for this metric was more overwhelming
positive, with ten of the twelve countries/regions surveyedshowing a quarter-over-quarter increase in their average maxi-
mum1 connection speeds, with six of them recording double-
digit percentage gains. (And the declines seen in Singapore
and the Philippines were fairly modest.) On a year-over-year
basis, the trending was even split, with six countries/regions
seeing their average maximum1 speed increase through 2009,
while the other six saw it decline. While there were several
marked increases, such as the 28% increase in South Korea
and the 31% increase in Thailand, there were several marked
declines as well, including four countries that declined20% or more.
Figure 17: Average Measured Connection Speed,
Top Asia Pacifc Cities by Speed
1 South Korea Masan 15839
2 South Korea Poryong 14134
3 South Korea Kimchon 13845
4 South Korea Taegu 13796
5 South Korea Milyang 13463
6 South Korea Seocho 12829
7 South Korea Ilsan 12500
8 Japan Usen 12499
9 Japan Tokai 12377
10 South Korea Seoul 11861
Q1 10 Avg. KbpsCountry/Region City
in Figure 17, it is clear that South Korean cities have
strong broadband penetration, as they held eight
of the top 10 spots globally, all at speeds above 10
Mbps. South Koreas dominance here is no surprise,
as previous editions of the State of the Internetreport
have discussed the efforts to extend high-speed
connectivity across the country.
In addition to two cities in the top 10, Japan had
55 other cities appear within the top 100. Cities in Hong
Kong & Taiwan also appeared in the top 100, while cities
in Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Thailand, the
Philippines, China, Malaysia, and India could be found
in the list of over 850 cities globally that qualied forinclusion in the list.
Figure 18: Maximum Measured Connection Speed by Country/Region
1 South Korea 32708 15% 28%
2 Hong Kong 29570 15% 8.3%
3 Japan 25790 9.4% 6.8%
19 Taiwan 14053 17% 5.2%23 Thailand 13190 13% 31%
35 Singapore 11173 -3.2% 2.1%
41 New Zealand 10671 1.3% -6.1%
47 Australia 9720 18% -14%
80 Malaysia 6081 11% -32%
89 Philippines 5761 -0.9% -26%
108 India 4672 3.5% -21%
143 China 2732 8.6% -36%
YoYChange
QoQChange
Q1 10Max. Mbps
Country/RegionGlobalRank
4147
143
108
3
1
2
19
23
3580
89
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5.6 Asia Pacifc High Broadband Connectivity:
Speed Distribution
While the primary clusters of high broadband connections
are at speeds between 5 and 15 Mbps, as shown in Figure
19, South Korea remains the only country to have more
than 10% of their connections to Akamai occur at speed
over 25 Mbps. It is interesting to note that for many
countries/regions, the >25 Mbps bucket frequently
accounts for a higher percentage of connections than
the preceding one or two buckets. It is not clear whether
this is an artifact of higher speed corporate connections
to Akamai, or if service providers in those areas have
higher subscriber counts for these higher speed tiers.
National broadband initiatives in countries including New
Zealand10 and Malaysia11 costing millions of dollars (USD)
are intended to bring affordable broadband services to users
across the country. New Zealands efforts are aiming to reach
most of the population by 2018, and Malaysia is commit-
ted to achieving a broadband penetration level of 50% by
the end of 2010. The implementation study prepared for
Australias National Broadband Network initiative suggests
that Australia should increase its ber build up to 93%
(from 90%), provide xed wireless service for 4%, and
Ka-band satellite service for the remaining 3%, and that the
efforts can be completed in eight years.12 As these initiatives
become more widespread, we expect that the percentage
of connections in higher speed buckets will grow over time.
Figure 21: High Broadband Connectivity, Distribution o Speeds
1 South Korea 65% 28% 14% 7.7% 4.7% 11%
2 Japan 60% 34% 16% 5.4% 2.1% 2.2%
4 Hong Kong 45% 23% 7.0% 4.2% 3.0% 7.4%
21 Taiwan 20% 15% 1.8% 1.0% 0.7% 1.8%
32 Singapore 11% 10% 0.6% 0.1%
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SECTION 5:
Geography Asia Pacic Region(continued)
5.7 Asia Pacifc Broadband Connectivity
Similar to the trend seen in Section 5.5 for high broad-
band connectivity, quarterly changes across Asia Pacic
countries/regions for broadband connectivity were mixed
in the rst quarter as well. There was a broad range of
changes, as half of the countries surveyed saw single digit
percentage gains/losses, while the other half saw gains/
losses in excess of 20%. As noted previously, we believe
that the declines observed during the rst quarter may
be due, at least in part, to delivery of streaming video for
the 2010 Winter Olympics over the Akamai HD Network.2
Levels of broadband adoption continue to be strong
in many countries/regions, with the top six showingbroadband adoption levels above 50% during the rst
quarter. (And Singapore and Australia follow close behind
at 49% and 45% adoption respectively.) From there, there
is a sharp drop off, with the Philippines, India, China, and
Malaysia all coming in below 6% broadband adoption.
Figure 22: Broadband Connectivity,
Fast Asia Pacifc Countries/Regions
3 Hong Kong 90% -1.4% 2.9%
4 South Korea 89% -3.2% 7.9%
8 Japan 87% -1.6% -2.7%
33 Taiwan 64% 6.3% 12%
35 New Zealand 64% -2.4% 4.9%
47 Thailand 52% 37% 316%
51 Singapore 49% -4.6% -9%
54 Australia 45% 28% -7.3%
99 Philippines 5.6% -1.5% -37%
105 India 4.2% -29% -21%
109 China 3.5% -43% -27%
112 Malaysia 2.8% -62% -13%
YoYChange
QoQChange
% above2 Mbps
Country/RegionGlobalRank
Figure 23: Narrowband Connectivity,
Slowest Asia Pacifc Countries/Regions
66 India 27% 4.8% 15%
78 China 17% 58% 56%
93 Malaysia 11% -29% -15%100 Philippines 7.4% -14% 13%
105 New Zealand 6.3% -8.5% -12%
107 Thailand 6.1% -22% -46%
112 Australia 5.4% -13% 3.1%
122 Singapore 3.2% -72% -65%
142 Japan 1.5% 1.8% -5.9%
145 Taiwan 1.4% -31% -15%
165 Hong Kong 0.5% -26% -55%
167 South Korea 0.3% 5.3% -38%
YoYChange
QoQChange
% below256 Kbps
Country/RegonGlobalRank
5.8 Asia Pacifc Narrowband Connectivity
As shown in Figure 21, quarterly changes in narrowband
(
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SECTION 6:
Mobile
Building on the data presented in the State of the Internetreports for the 3rd and
4th quarters of 2009, Akamai continues to identify additional mobile networks
for inclusion in the report, and we continue to expand the amount of informationprovided for each network. New to the State of the Internetreport in the rst quarter
of 2010, we are including information on the average maximum1 connection speed
by provider, as well as insight into the average megabytes (MB) downloaded from
Akamai per month per unique IP address associated with the network. As was noted
last quarter, the source data set for this section is subject to the following constraints:
A minimum of 1,000 unique IP addresses connecting
to Akamai from the network in the rst quarter of
2010 was required for inclusion in the list.
In countries where Akamai had data for multiple
network providers, only the top three are listed,
based on unique IP address count.
The names of specic mobile network providers have
been anonymized, and providers will be identied
by a unique ID.
Data is included only for networks where Akamai
believes that the entire Autonomous System (AS)
is mobile that is, if a network provider mixes trafc
from xed/wireline (DSL, cable, etc.) connections with
trafc from mobile connections on a single network
identier, that AS was not included in the source
data set.
Akamais EdgeScape database was used for the
continental assignments.
In examining the data shown in Figure 24, we see that there
is an extremely wide range in average connection speeds
oddly enough, the highest (7175 Kbps) and the lowest (105
Kbps) were both seen on providers in Slovakia. Of the 109mobile providers listed, 14 had average connection speeds
in the broadband (2 Mbps or above) range, while 35 had
average measured connection speeds of 1 Mbps or more.
As more providers launch HSPA+13 and HSDPA14 networks,
as well as networks based on LTE and WiMAX technology,
we expect that these average speeds will increase in the
future. However, given the current congestion on some
mobile networks, and the rapid increase in the consumption
of rich media content on mobile devices, these expected
increases may occur over a longer period of time.
The GSM Association reports that global Mobile Broadband connections roughlydoubled during 2009 to 200 million. By the end of 2010, they estimate this will
reach 342 million global connections, with 120 million in Europe, 116 million
in the Asia Pacic region, and 58 million in North America.[http://www.gsmworld.com/newsroom/press-releases/2010/4621.htm]
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SECTION 6:
Mobile(continued)
In examining the data on average maximum1 connection
speeds, we see that the gap is even wider than that seen
for average speeds, ranging from a staggering 34584
Kbps on a provider in the United Kingdom to 408 Kbps
on a provider in Belgium. The Slovakian mobile providerwith the highest average connection speed fared very well
on the average maximum connection speed measurement
as well, clocking in at 20394 Kbps. However, it must be
noted that a number of mobile network providers make
heavy use of mobile gateways and proxies that will result
in higher average and average maximum1 speeds being
calculated by Akamai, as these speeds reect gateway/
proxy-to-Akamai communications rather than mobile
device-to-Akamai communications. (These top providers
may be making use of such an architecture.) Akamai
is investigating methods of mitigating the impact of
these gateways/proxies on the source data sets that
will be used for future editions of the State of the
Internetreport. Having said that, average maximum1
connection speeds on mobile networks around the
world were fairly strong, with 83 of the 109 listed
providers achieving average maximum1 connection
speeds greater than the 2 Mbps broadband threshold,
33 achieving average maximum1 connection speeds
greater than the 5 Mbps high broadband threshold,
and six achieving average maximum1 connection
speeds greater than 10 Mbps.
Figure 24: Average and Average Maximum Connection Speed, Average Megabytes Downloaded per Month by Mobile Provider
AFRICA
Egypt EG-1 394 1706 132
Morocco MA-1 412 2929 447
Nigeria NG-1 242 2962 199
South Arica ZA-1 465 835 142
AIA
China CN-1 1930 4774 147
Hong Kong HK-1 2016 8581 397
Hong Kong HK-2 2004 7955 260
Indonesia ID-1 218 4924 9501
Israel IL-1 988 5137 108
Japan JP-1 946 4180 114
South Korea KR-1 1495 3029 32Kuwait KW-1 909 3065 660
Malaysia MY-1 267 1754 176
Malaysia MY-2 872 4407 301
Malaysia MY-3 531 2651 293
Pakistan PK-1 635 4226 494
Saudi Arabia SA-1 636 1778 90
Singapore SG-2 648 5515 119
Singapore SG-3 1282 5923 292
Sri Lanka LK-1 765 4950 252
Taiwan TW-1 1032 4332 131
Taiwan TW-2 622 2539 139
Thailand TH-1 661 5677 125
EURPEAustria AT-1 2553 10769 122
Austria AT-2 1886 6292 1298
Belgium BE-1 2311 7608 282
Belgium BE-2 901 2660 33
Belgium BE-3 200 408 11
Croatia HR-1 931 3567 58
Czech Republic CZ-1 626 2588 69
Czech Republic CZ-2 415 2024 117
Czech Republic CZ-3 1320 3561 140
Estonia EE-1 611 2775 174
France FR-1 275 913 48
France FR-2 1397 4483 630
France FR-3 481 2775 161
Germany DE-1 248 1036 53
Germany DE-2 2507 7931 1049
Greece GR-1 909 5068 237Greece GR-2 455 2581 110
Hungary HU-1 1145 5315 127
Hungary HU-2 1280 5037 72
Ireland IE-1 1894 6983 228
Ireland IE-2 1076 7331 566
Ireland IE-3 978 6830 426
Italy IT-1 875 4841 275
Italy IT-2 1710 6056 252
Italy IT-3 2783 9889 332
Lithuania LT-1 1203 5516 255
Lithuania LT-2 760 3205 185
Moldova MD-1 730 2858 52
Moldova MD-2 1269 4907 107Netherlands NL-1 803 1758 19
Netherlands NL-2 1704 3536 20
Norway NO-1 867 3121 67
Q1 10Avg.Kbps
Q1 10Avg.Kbps
ID IDQ1 10Max.Kbps
Q1 10Max.Kbps
Q1 10Avg. MB/month
Q1 10Avg. MB/month
Country/Region Country/Region
AIA
EURPE
AFRICA
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27 2010 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Finally, starting this quarter, we review the average
amount (MB) of data downloaded from Akamai per
month per unique IP address seen from the mobile
network. As Akamai serves content for a number
of smartphone makers, we posited that customersof mobile carriers that supported these smartphones
would see higher MB/month levels than other carriers.
In an effort to validate this supposition, we surveyed
the Web sites of the 20 mobile carriers with the highest
recorded usage levels. (We excluded provider UK-3,
which had ranked highest on the list, due to their
suspected usage of a mobile gateway architecture,
which inated their calculated per IP address usage.)
Of these 20 providers, 14 (70%) of them explicitly
advertised support for Apples iPhone family of smart-
phones, while the remaining six (30%) offer services
based on next-generation mobile broadband connection
technologies such as WiMAX, HSPA+, or HSDPA. Ofthe providers where we recorded over 1000 MB/month
average usage per unique IP address, we found that
ve of the seven providers supported the Apple iPhone.
On the other end of the spectrum, we found that for
26 mobile providers (of the 109 listed), there was less than
100 MB of data downloaded from Akamai per unique
IP address per month during the rst quarter of 2010.
Norway NO-2 1186 3875 70
Poland PL-1 3444 10298 119
Poland PL-2 750 2947 38
Poland PL-3 508 2637 135
Portugal PT-1 323 1331 34
Romania RO-1 375 1899 68
Russia RU-1 4248 13686 138
Russia RU-2 586 1933 46
Russia RU-3 498 1570 56
Slovakia SK-1 105 418 31
Slovakia SK-2 2225 6112 1472
Slovakia SK-3 7175 20394 567
Slovenia SI-1 1074 5514 109Spain ES-1 1102 6495 276
Spain ES-2 379 2691 398
Spain ES-3 701 4222 166
Ukraine UA-1 175 569 35
United Kingdom UK-1 1043 6647 456
United Kingdom UK-2 2065 8613 496
United Kingdom UK-3 3701 34584 17386
North America
Canada CA-1 2445 10972 4339
Canada CA-2 728 1902 553
El Salvador SV-1 469 2755 187
El Salvador SV-2 704 4930 373
El Salvador SV-3 666 3574 547Guatemala GT-1 371 1924 108
Guatemala GT-2 453 3859 434
Mexico MX-2 584 3878 274
Mexico MX-3 443 4149 353
Netherlands Antilles AN-1 319 1699 180
Nicaragua NI-1 414 2864 216
Puerto Rico PR-1 2133 8618 2454
United States US-1 845 1912 34
United States US-2 829 2103 31
United States US-3 979 2496 183
Oceania
Australia AU-1 658 5470 718
Australia AU-3 928 3785 103
Guam GU-1 378 1729 154
New Caledonia NC-1 426 1730 254New Zealand NZ-2 1073 5208 289
South America
Argentina AR-1 233 1838 97
Argentina AR-2 354 2150 138
Bolivia BO-1 128 1390 149
Brazil BR-1 420 2258 123
Brazil BR-2 322 1853 108
Chile CL-1 536 3486 371
Chile CL-3 379 3442 272
Colombia CO-1 403 3278 146
Paraguay PY-1 144 998 87
Paraguay PY-2 280 1847 241
Uruguay UY-1 485 3127 195Uruguay UY-2 173 1606 78
Venezuela VE-1 385 2374 1248
Q1 10Avg.Kbps
Q1 10Avg.Kbps
ID IDQ1 10Max.Kbps
Q1 10Max.Kbps
Q1 10Avg. MB/month
Q1 10Avg. MB/month
Country/Region Country/Region
NRT AMERICA
UT AMERICA
CEANIA
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The Internet Revolution ContinuesAt the Fontainebleau Resort, Miami Beac
Your time will be well spent during this revolutionary event. We look orward to seeing you in Miami!
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Join Akamai and more than 500 other Internet revolutionariesfor the 3rd Annual Akamai Global Customer Conference.
During our three-day program, we will explore some of the recent challenges and opportunities
that have taken hold and are dening how business is done online. Trends including the growth
of cloud computing models for enterprise-class applications, the adoption of high denition (HD)
video online, the optimization of mobile content for Internet-connected devices, the realization
of secure e-commerce, and the shift of advertising dollars online to follow the migration of
audiences to new media.
With so many technological advancements for leveraging the Internet, as well as public and
private cloud infrastructure, it is imperative for todays online business leaders to have a forumto discuss these developments with peers from other leading organizations from around the globe.
Visit www.akamai.com/revolution for complete conference details,and early registration discounts!
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The Akamai DifferenceAkamai provides market-leading, cloud-based services for optimizing Web and mobile
content and applications, online HD video, and secure e-commerce. Combining highly-
distributed, energy-efcient computing with intelligent software, Akamais global platform
is transforming the cloud into a more viable place to inform, entertain, advertise, transact
and collaborate. To learn how the worlds leading enterprises are optimizing their businessin the cloud, please visit www.akamai.com and follow @Akamai on Twitter.
AcknowledgementsEDITOR: David Belson
CONTRIBUTOR: Jon Thompson
CONTRIBUTOR: Patrick Gilmore
CONTRIBUTOR:Alloysius Gideon
EXECUTIVE EDITOR: Brad Rinklin
EXECUTIVE EDITOR:Tom Leighton
Please send comments, questions, and corrections to [email protected]
Follow @akamai and @akamai_soti on
Akamai | Powering A Better Internet
For more information, visit www.akamai.com
2010 Akamai Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction
in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written
permission is prohibited. Akamai and the Akamai wave logo
are registered trademarks of Akamai Technologies, Inc. Other
trademarks used herein may be owned by other companies and
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Akamai Technologies, Inc.
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Tel 617.444.3000
Fax 617.444.3001
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