interpersonal skills
DESCRIPTION
done by ranjeet KumarTRANSCRIPT
THE ABILITY TO RELATE TO COLLEAGUES AND CUSTOMERS, INSPIRE OTHERS, RESOLVE CONFLICTS, BE TACTFUL, UNDERSTAND CULTURES, AND SHOW DIPLOMACY.
Interpersonal Relationships are social associations, connections or affiliations between two or more people.
They imply the discovery or
establishment of common ground and may be centered on something shared in common.
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Interpersonal Skills/Facilitation Skills
listening
questioning
language & communication using feedback
conflict handling
•Self awareness•Control•Motivation•Acknowledging the interests of subordinates
•Communication skills
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Poor Listening Emotional Arousal Lack of Time Differences in objective
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Eric Berne and Transactional Analysis
Transactional Analysis A unified system of individual
and social psychiatry Focuses on the individual but
also one’s relationship to others
A model for explaining why and how:People think like they doPeople act like they doPeople interact/communicate with others
“Study of inter and intra individual transactions where there is a stimulus and response”.
Transactional analysis is a method of analyzing human behavior in social transactions.
It is a study of human relations through the study of stimuli and response. It is an extension of Freudian theory
Id Ego Super Ego
TA was developed by Eric Berne and popularized by Harries. Marial James, Dorthy Jongeward and Wagner.
Psycho-Analytical or Psycho-Dynamic Psycho-Analytical or Psycho-Dynamic TheoryTheory““Sigmund Freud’s STRUCTURAL MODEL OF MENTAL LIFE”Sigmund Freud’s STRUCTURAL MODEL OF MENTAL LIFE”
ID Psychic energy
Inherited, Presented at birth, Present in life.Store of wishes and unconscious.Strives for immediate pleasure and avoid pain.Insistent and rash.Does not tolerate un-comforts-tension. Immoral, animal drives, Unorganized.
EGO The Gateway of Action
Separates reality from unreality,Logical, realistic, practical and rational.
Consciously distinguish between the demands of ID & Realities.Regulate and integrate inner motives and source of Tension release.SUPER EGO
Sensor agent of – Value, belief and standards of the society.Ideals & noble thoughts.Acquired from parents, teachers, friends, religion, etc.,Describes the right and wrong.Mediates, filters action.
EGOEGOA Psychological State of an Individual, which A Psychological State of an Individual, which
Guide Guide the Way of Feeling, Thinking and Behaviorthe Way of Feeling, Thinking and BehaviorEGO Status
PARENT(Taught Ego)
Help---------------
Control
ControllingProtectiveCriticalNurturingInstructive
ADULT(Acquired by Maturity)
Rational Factual UnemotionalIndependentProblem solver
Free
AdpLP
CHILD(Felt Ego)
Dependent SpontaneousCurious CreativeRebel ClumsyFrustrated Pleasure seeking
Types of TransactionsTypes of Transactions
P P
A A
C C
P P
A A
C C
OPENOPEN
CROSSCROSS
COMPLIMENTARYCOMPLIMENTARY
P – P – C P= Parent A – A – C A=Adult C – C C=Child
BLOCKEDP – AC - P
ULTERIOR - - Transactions influenced by other than ego status (Hidden Meanings)
GALLOWS TRANSACTIONS - - In appropriate smile or love
GAMES – Repeat, Find it ulterior, Sense at superficial level
INEFFECTIVE STYLES OF GAMES – Perfectionist, Driver, Power game, and Pleasure game
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Types of Transactions
Complementary Transactions: Appropriate and Expected Transactions indicating healthy human relationships.
Communication takes place when transactions are complementary. A stimulus invites a response; this response becomes a stimulus inviting further response and so on.
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Transactional Analysis Types (I)
Complementary transaction
Supervisor EmployeeP
CA
P
CA
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Eric Berne and Transactional Analysis
Transactional Analysis occurs when the ego states of 2 people interacting is assessed
Complimentary interaction: one person in a nurturing parent ego
state
other person in their adaptive child ego state
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Eric Berne and Transactional Analysis
For a leader-follower, the following complementary transactions could occur:
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Types of Transactions
Crossed Transaction: This causes most difficulties in social situations.
“May be, you should improve your study habits”.“You always find fault with me whatever I do”
Parent-Child interaction.
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Eric Berne and Transactional Analysis
For a leader-follower, there are a number of possible crossed transactions:
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Transactional Analysis Types (III)
Ulterior transaction
Supervisor Employee
Supervisor Employee
P
CA
P
CA
P
CA
P
CA
LIFE POSITIONS
““Assumption about self and others in the Societies”Assumption about self and others in the Societies”
I am OK - You are not OKI am not OK - You are OKI am not OK - You are not OKI am OK - You are OK
I am OKYou are not OK
I am OKYou are OK
I am not OKYou are not OK
I am not OKYou are OK
POSITIVEPOSITIVE
NEGATIVENEGATIVE
NEGATIVENEGATIVE POSITIVEPOSITIVE
Attitu
de T
oward
s Self
Attitu
de T
oward
s Self
Positive Negative Neutral
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A stroke is a unit of recognition may be positive or negative of a condition or both, strokes are required for healthy behavior.
Strokes may be physical, verbal or eye-to-eye contact. Child hood learning influences the behavior
If a child lives with criticism, he/she learns to fight. If a child lives with hostility, he/she learns to condemn.
If a child lives with ridicule, he/she learns to be shy. If a child lives with shame, he/she learns to feel guilty.
If a child lives with tolerance, he/she learns to be patient. If a child lives with encouragement, he/she learns confidence.
If a child lives with praise, he/she learns to appreciate. If a child lives with fairness, he/she learns justice.
If a child lives with security, he/she learns to have faith. If a child lives with approval, he/she learns to like himself.
If a child lives with acceptance and friendship, he/she learns to find love in the world.
Open Area Blind Area
Hidden Area Unknown Area
Known to others
Unknown to othersD
iscu
ssio
nFeed Back
Known to Self Unknown to Self
JOHARI WINDOW
Compete-When?•Quick and decisive action is vital•Unpopular actions need to be implement•You know are right•Against people who take advantages of non competitive behavior
Collaborate –If•An integrative solution is required•Your objective is to learn•You gain Commitment by transforming concern in to consensus•You work through feelings that have interfered with relations
Compromise-When---•Goals are worthier than
efforts of assertive mode or disruption• When opponents of equal power are committed to mutually exclusive goals• Temporary settlements are required•Collaboration or Competition are not useful.
Avoiding, if•If is a trivial issue•You perceive chance of winning•Others can solve it better than you•You want people and situation to cool down
Accommodate, if-• You find, that you are Wrong•You wish the co-operation of others•You want social credits for later issues•You expect others to learnFrom their mistakes