intro to photosynthesis the light reactions ap biology chapter 10.1-10.2
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Quick Review: Obtaining Energy Life on Earth is solar powered Directly: autotrophs Indirectly: heterotrophsTRANSCRIPT
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Intro to Photosynthesis & the Light ReactionsAP BiologyChapter 10.1-10.2
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Learning Target 1 (10.1)I can describe how photosynthesis converts light energy into the chemical energy of food.
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Quick Review: Obtaining Energy Life on Earth is solar
powered Directly: autotrophs Indirectly:
heterotrophs
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Chloroplasts
Photosynthetic prokaryotes lack chloroplasts photosynthetic membranes = enfolded regions
of the plasma membrane
Key structures:o Stromao Thylakoido Grana
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Photosynthesis Equation:
Part I: Light Dependent Reactions (thylakoid membrane)
Part II: Light Independent Reactions (stroma)
oxidation
reduction
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Plant Structure Roots Stems Leaves
Epidermis Waxy covering to prevent excess water loss
Mesophyll Contains photosynthetic cells
Stoma Openings for gas exchange Guard cells control
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Learning Target 2 (10.2)I can explain how the light reactions work to convert solar energy to the chemical energy of ATP and NADPH.
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Light Form of electromagnetic radiation Energy is inversely related to its
wavelength Shorter wavelengths pack more energy
Visible light is 380-750 nm
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Plants are green because… Chlorophyll absorbs two wavelengths of
light: Blue (420 nm) Red (660 nm)
Green light is reflected
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Light ReactionsPart of photosynthesis that prepares to make glucose
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Photosystems Photosynthetic units within chloroplast
grana
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Electron Carrier NADP+
Same function as carriers in CR Remember “P” for photosynthesis
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Light Dependent Reactions – Non-cyclic (Linear) Electron Flow Produces ATP and NADPH using
Photosystems I & II
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1. Sunlight strikes the Photosystem II complex and excites electrons, eventually passing it to the primary electron acceptor
2. Excited electron splits H2O into H+ ions and O2 gas
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3. Electrons flow through a series of membrane proteins, pumping H+ ions into the thylakoid space
4. Collection of H+ ions pass back to stroma through ATP synthase in thylakoid membrane
5. ADP is converted into ATP
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6. Sluggish electrons receive another photon of light in PSI
7. Excited electrons are passed to NADP reducing it into NADPH
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Light Reaction Summary Reactants:
H2O Light NADP+
ADP + Pi Products:
O2 NADPH ATP
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Light Dependent Reactions – Cyclic Electron Flow Produces ATP only using photosystem I Evolutionary “leftover” of
photosynthetic bacteria?
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Light Dependent Reaction Animation http://
highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olc/dl/120072/bio13.swf