South Asia’s Urban Transformation

turning Challenge into Opportunity iihs

www.iihs.co.in

The challenge of contemporary Indian cities: integration of the pre-colonial, colonial, ‘modern’ & informal

Our future hinges on

the state of Indian

cities

The Dynamics of Indian Urbanisation

(1951-2031)

1951

> 5

1 - 5

0.5 - 1

0.1 – 0.5

< 0.1

Population Size (millions)

Source: Census of India, 1971- 2001

UN, 2007

IIHS analysis, 2009-10

India

W. Pakistan

E.

Pakistan

Nepal

Tibet

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Urb

an S

ett

lem

en

ts

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Po

pu

lati

on

(in

mill

ion

s)

Kolkata

(15.5)

Delhi

(16.9)

Chennai

(7.5)

Bangalore

(7.2)

Hyderabad

(6.7)

Ahmadabad

(5.7)

Pune

(5.0)

2011

Mumbai

(20)

Large Urban Settlement Growth

Urban Population Growth

> 5

1 - 5

0.5 - 1

0.1 – 0.5

< 0.1

Population Size

(millions)

Source: Census of India, 1971- 2001

UN, 2007

IIHS analysis, 2009-10

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Urb

an S

ett

lem

en

ts

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Po

pu

lati

on

(in

mill

ion

s)

Mumbai

(28.6)

Kolkata

(22.3)

Delhi

(24.4)

Chennai

(11.1)

Bangalore

(10.6)

Hyderabad

(9.9)

Ahmadabad

(8.5)

Pune

(7.4)

Surat

(6.3)

Kanpur

(5.1)

2031

Large Urban Settlement Growth

Urban Population Growth

> 5

1 - 5

0.5 - 1

0.1 – 0.5

< 0.1

Population Size

(millions)

Source: Census of India, 1971-2001

UN, 2007

IIHS analysis, 2009-10

-

50

100

150

200

250

300

1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

Rs.

Tri

llio

n /

lakh

cro

res

Time (years)

Growth of India's Urban Economy (1991-2031)

GDP (current prices) Urban GDP

Rs 735 lakh crores

Rs. 1450 lakh crores

Who manages Urban India?Top Management

• MPs & MLAs 5,300

• Higher Judiciary 650

• IAS & IPS 8,200

• CXOs (top 500 corporates) ~ 5,000

• NGO leadership ~ 1,750

Total 20,900

% educated & trained in urban practice < 5%

Middle Management

• Senior Municipal officials ~ 4,000

• Senior Engineers ~ 8,000

• Urban Planners ~ 2,000

Total ~ 14,000

% educated & trained in urban practice < 20%

India’s Urban Future (2011-2031)

• India will add at least 300 million new people to its cities in 30 years

• This is on top of the current urban population of ~300 million, of

whom over 70 million are poor

• In 2031, three of the ten largest megacities in the world will be in

India: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata

• Over 70 other cities will have a population of over 1 million

• This will be the second largest urbanisation in human history creating

huge market opportunities and development challenges

• The only option to avoid complete urban breakdown is the

simultaneous transformation of India’s cities and its villages

• The key to this the education of a new generation of changemakers

and entrepreneurs and building the capacities and motivation of

current working professionals

Limited Supply of Professionals

capable of managing this transition

Education of Urban Planners in India

• India has ~ 4,000 qualified planners

• It educates only ~350 new planners each year in a narrow manner

• Of this only a fraction enter into public planning practice

• Most have skills unequal to the complex systemic challenges they face

• With close to 5,000 urban centres, this implies a huge deficit in the

number of planners the country needs

• Hence, some of the largest Municipalities in the country e.g. Mumbai

have no qualified planners on their rolls

Why Planning is not enough?

• The fundamental constraint to the orderly growth and

transformation of urban India is

– no longer capital

– nor perhaps technology

– the availability of sufficient numbers of well educated

professionals committed to the common good who

can play the role of changemakers and entrepreneurs.

• India’s higher education system has no inter-disciplinary

programme of scale to educate enough professionals for

the satisfactory planning, development and management

of India’s cities, towns and villages.

The Response

India’s first independent

National Research & Innovation University

focused on urban transformation

www.iihs.co.in

iihs

Why the IIHS ?

• Assumption: India will and can change in dramatic ways by

the 2030s to enable inclusive economic growth, end

poverty, improve human development and quality of life,

enable greater equity and sustainability

• Locus of much of this change: 300 – 400 cities and towns

and their surrounding countryside

Environmental Sustainability

Social Transformation

Unified & Robust Polity

Inclusive Economic Growth

Reduced Poverty and Inequality

Goal: catalysing five national outcomes by the 2030s

1,00,000 new interdisciplinary professionals by 2031

• An ‘MBA equivalent’ to coordinate and complement

specialist professions and turn around urban

management, development, renewal & planning;

coordinate and complement specialist professions:

technology, management, design, law

– Bachelors of Urban Practice (BUP)

– Masters of Urban Practice (MUP)

– PhD in Urban Practice

• The IIHS is a national institution committed to

the equitable, sustainable and efficient

transformation of Indian settlements

• The IIHS aspires to be a globally-ranked, action-

oriented, unique education and research institution of

international stature

IIHS Goal

IIHS Core Concept

National Scale+

Interdisciplinary Excellence+

Economic & Social Inclusion =

1,00,000 professionals (Urban Practitioners) in 20 years+

Innovative Institutional design & revenue model+

National Regulation=

Transformative National Institution

The Promoter Group

• Aromar Revi

• Bansi Mehta

• Chandrashekar B. Bhave

• Cyrus Guzder

• Deepak Parekh

• Deepak Satwalekar

• Jamshyd Godrej

• Keshub Mahindra

• Kishore Mariwala

• Nandan Nilekani

• Nasser Munjee

• Rahul Mehrotra

• Rakesh Mohan

• Renana Jhabvala

• Shirish Patel

• Vijay Kelkar

• Xerxes Desai

Some of India’s leading entrepreneurs, practitioners, public intellectuals & administrators helped create & manage the IIHS

iihs

Five IIHS Programmes

IIHS Programmes

AcademicResearch & Innovation

Working Professionals

Distance & e-learning

Consulting & Advisory

services

The IIHS aspires to be a globally-ranked, action-oriented, unique

education and research institution of international stature

IIHS Academic Programme

Interdisciplinary Curriculum (multilingual)

Management

Technology

Design Social

Sciences

Law & Governance

Environmental Sciences

Interdisciplinary CurriculumA broad interdisciplinary curriculum that bridges

Generates Material for Teaching

Research Teaching Practice

Education for

Working Professionals

Case studies

Linking research, teaching & practice at IIHS

IIHS degrees and expected chronology of Initiation

• Masters in Urban Practice (MUP) - 2 years 2012

• PhD in Urban Practice - 2+2 years 2013

• Bachelors in Urban Practice (BUP) - 4 years 2014/15

• Integrated MUP (IMUP) - 4+1 years 2016

Employment Opportunities for Students

Potential Employers of IIHS students

• Public Sector Enterprises: municipalities and urban local bodies,

state and national governments, regulators, public utilities and

public enterprises

• Private Sector Enterprises: housing, construction, infrastructure,

utility, real estate, finance and advisory services, consultancies;

• Civil Society Organisations: working on community issues,

mobilising collective action, enabling the common good and social

inclusion

• Universities and Knowledge Enterprises: institutions building

South Asia-centric and globally relevant knowledge on human

settlements.

Quantum Consulting a leading market research agency reports

very encouraging responses from students and employers

Programme for Working Professionals

Programme for Working Professionals

• Education, training and development needs of public, private

and civil society institutions built around various offerings e.g.

– Short-term (1-2 week) specialised thematic courses

– High level (1-3 day) Strategic management programmes

– A mid-career 8 month PG Diploma in Urban Development

• These will be delivered in tandem with consulting and

advisory services

• Erewhon Consulting a leading innovation firm has reported

large and unique unfilled niches for IIHS offerings

IIHS Consultancy & Advisory Programme:

bringing together some of the world’s

leading practitioners

IIHS Global Knowledge Partnership

MIT

North

America

Academic

IDEO

North

America

Practice

UCL

Europe

Academic

ARUP

Practice

Europe &

Global

ACC

Academic

& Practice

Africa

A global of 180 leading academics, practitioners and policy

makers have co-created the MUP curriculum

Faculty & Practitioners

A globally hired interdisciplinary Faculty

• A Faculty of over 100 interdisciplinary professionals with

active research and practice experience will be hired

over 4-6 years

• Remunerated bearing in mind national and international

levels of compensation

• Core curriculum and advisors team established in 2009,

active in global consultations and review

• National and global search started, with considerable

enthusiasm in India and abroad

India Urbanisation Atlas V1.1

400 cities and regions around which India will

transform

iihs

Research

Greater Mumbai

IIHS main campus: Bengaluru

IIHS campus environs: Kengeri, Bengaluru

IIHS City Campus, Bengaluru

IIHS Research Offices, Bengaluru

55 acres allotted by the Govt. of Karnataka to IIHS

Signature campus to cost ~Rs. 250 crore

Implementation Timeline

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Startup ◊

Land mobilisation ◊

Campus planning & construction ◊ ◊

IIHS University incorporation ◊

Working Professional education ◊

Consulting & Advisory

Masters (MUP) programme ◊

PhD programme ◊

Bachelors (BUP) programme

Distance & e-learning programme

Implementation Timeline

Conclusions

Conclusion: Opportunity

• India has a tremendous opportunity through its impending

urbanisation to pre-emptively address multiple

development challenges:

1. Accelerate inclusive economic growth

2. Wealth creation that serves the common good and

eliminates abject poverty

3. Catalyse dramatic social transformation

4. Enable a global sustainability transition

The IIHS is building an significant Open institutional

initiative to enable this …. why not join us to make it

possible?