Introduction to Computers

Computer Applications

What is a Computer?An electronic machine that

can Receive data Process data Produce results Store the results for future

use

VocabularyData - a collection of raw unprocessed facts, figures and symbolsInformation - data that is organizedInput - any data the user enters into the computerOutput - data that has been processed into information (comes out)Storage - area that can hold data for future use

Input, Output, or Storage?

SpeakerMonitorKeyboardHard disk driveMicrophoneDigital CameraPrinter ScannerPDA/

Smartphone

Types of Computers

Personal Computers (microcomputer or desktop computer)

first in 1977Notebook computers—Type of

personal computerHandheld computers—iPad,

tabletMainframes—used by thousands

of people at the same time in large organizations, can fill several rooms

Internet Appliances (Net Books)—internet access

Computer System/Information SystemHardware

Equipment that can be touchedKeyboard, mouse, monitor

SoftwarePrograms that give computer

directionsWindows, Word, PowerPoint

DataInformation that goes into the

computer—text, graphics, numbers

User (YOU!)

Hardware Components of a Computer

System Unit (processing, memory and storage) Also called a chassis or CPU

Keyboard

Monitor

Types of Software

System• Controls the

operation of the computer and its devices (OS)

• Interface between the user and the computer

Application• Programs that

perform specific tasks for users

Utility• Fix computer

problems• Virus protection

Ways to Store Information

Floppy Disk (1.44 MB) Zip (100-750MB) CD-RW (700 MB) CD-R (700 MB) DVD (4.7-17 GB) Hard Disk (40 GB ) Thumb/Flash Drive (256 MB

)

Data Communications

Computers transmitting data from one to anotherSender

Computer sending message

ReceiverComputer getting message

ChannelWay the message is carried

(phone line, cable…)

ProtocolRules or language of the

transfer(http://) hypertext transfer

protocol

Networks

Collection of computers connected to share information and resourcesLAN - Local Area Networks

Our room or Our school district

WAN – Wide Area NetworkInternet

InternetARPANET (Predecessor of the

Internet) Developed by governmentFirst message sent 1969

Terms to know:E-mail

Electronic Mail

IntranetPrivate for a company or

organization’s internal use

Extranetcomputer network that allows

controlled access from the outside, for specific business or educational purposes

Application Software File ExtensionsWord processing (Word) .doc2007 .docxSpreadsheet (Excel) .xls2007 .xlsxDatabase (Access) .mdb2007 .accdbPresentation graphics (PowerPoint) .ppt2007 .pptx

The End

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