introduction to emep emep organisational set-up role of ...ozone conc (ppb) o3 baseline monthly...

www.nilu.noEMEP Chemical Coordinating Centre www.emep.int

Introduction to EMEP

• EMEP organisational set-up• Role of observations and modelling results in policy making • Monitoring strategy

CAPACT-meeting, Almaty, 12-15. Oct. 2005


LRTAP - Long Range Transport of Air Pollutants

Area with lost fish stocks

Gills - not damaged Gills - damaged

- now developed into a multi-topic, multi-scale and multi-effect framework;

Acidification and Eutrophication (ecosystems, health)Sulphur, Nitrogen, base cations, sea salts

Photochemical oxidants (ecosystems, health, climate)Tropospheric ozone, precursors (NOx, VOC)

Heavy metals (ecosystems and health)Pb, Cd, Hg, +++

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) (ecosystems, health)

PAH, PCB, HCB, Chlordane, DDT/DDE...

Particulate matter (health, climate)Chemical speciation, physical characterisation, PM2.5, PM10, PM1...

Synergies... New tools and techniques...Geographical scope...


The EMEP vision; To be the main science based and policy-driven instrument for international cooperation in atmospheric monitoring and modelling activities, emission inventoriesand projections, and integrated assessment to help solve transboundary air pollution problems in Europe


ProgrammeCoordinating

Centre

Implementation Committee

ICPForests

Task Force

Working Groupon Effects

Task Force onEmission Inventories

and Projections

Task Force onMeasurement and

Modelling

Chemical Coordinating

Centre

MeteorologicalSynthesizing Centre-West

Task Force onIntegrated

Assessment ModellingCentre forIntegrated

Assessment Modelling

EMEPSteering Body

Expert Groupon Ammonia Abatement

Task Forceon POPs

Network of Experts on Benefits and

Economic Instruments

Expert Group on Techno-economic Issues

Working Group onStrategies and

Review

Executive Body

ICPIntegrated Monitoring

Task Force

Task ForceHealth

ICPModelling and Mapping

Task Force

ICPMaterials

Task Force

ICP VegetationTask Force

ICPWaters

Task ForceProgramme

Centre

Programme Centre

Programme Centre

Coordination Center for

Effects

Main Research Centre

MeteorologicalSynthesizing Centre-East

Expert Group on Heavy Metals

Proposed Expert Group on Particulate

Matter

Task Force on

Intercontinenetal

Transport

Expert Group

On Particulate matter


CCE CIAM MSC-WMSC-E CCC

Countries

WGSRWGSR

The ”operational system” of the CLRTAP

Assessment of effects

Assessment of Air Quality trends, transport fluxes

Critical loadStock at risk

Critical load maps

Proposed strategies

Source-receptorrelationships

Scenarios Costs, technologies

Transportfluxes

Emissions

WGE EMEP

Monitored data

ImplementationCommittee

ImplementationCommittee

Emission data


www.emep.int

EMEP Chemical Co-ordinating Centre

•Recommendation of methods, preparation of manuals,

•Field and laboratory intercomparisons,

•Data and metadata collection, validation and storage,

•Evaluate QA/QC-procedures

•Data interpretation,

–data reports and joint reports

–comparison with CTM-estimates

–deposition and exposure estimates

•Representativeness

•Development of network and measurement programme,

•Coordinates the EMEP work on particulate matter (PM)


EMEP observations and modelling results for inorganic components

• reasonably good agreement between observations and model results


Measured and modelled ethene


0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

ug(N

)/m

3

year

no2 air, LT15, 5 mas

obs

mod

www.nilu.noEMEP Chemical Coordinating Centre www.emep.intTCM absorption, μg/S m3

Langenbrügge, 1986 Vavihill, 1990 DE3, 1999

0

2

4

6

8

0 2 4 6 80

5

10

15

20

0 5 10 15 20

Impr

eg. f

ilter

, μg/

S m

3

0

1

2

3

4

0 1 2 3 4

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

jun.00 jul.00 aug.00 sep.01 okt.01 nov.01 des.01 jan.01 feb.01 mar.01 apr.01 mai.01

μg-S

/m3

Reference Carlos III

Median compared to expected value (low concentration samples)

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

10

SO4 G

1

SO4 G

3

NO

3 G1

NO

3 G4

NH

4 G1

NH

4 G4

pH G

2

pH G

4

H G

1

H G

3

Mg G

1

Mg G

4

Na G

1

Na G

4

Cl G

1

Cl G

4

Ca G

2

Ca G

4

K G

1

K G

3

Cond G

1

Cond G

3

Samples

% d

evia

tion

from

ex

pect

ed v

alue

EMEPNON-EMEP

Examples of QA activities


Emitter-receiver calculations (Lead)

Depositions to Germany

Depositions from Germany

Transboundary transport, 2001

MSC-E


text

title

60

50

40

30

20

10

0

1,2

1,0

0,8

0,6

0,4

0,2

0,0

SO 2(Oct-M ar)

SO 2, soot og NO 2(µg/m 3)

Soot(Nov-Feb)

NO 2(Oct-Mar)

Lead(µg/m 3)

Lead(Feb)

Air quality in NorwayTrends

1980 19901985

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.619

78

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

BirkenesSkreådalenKårvatnTustervatnJergul

Time series of SO4 i air


15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

OZ

ON

E C

ON

C (P

PB)

O3 Baseline monthly means 12-month moving averageLinear (12-month moving average)

Fra Mace Head, Irland (1987 –2004)

Trends in background surface ozone


Model predictions (O3) based on future emission changes (IPCC, Derwent)

2090-20992050-2069

2030-20392000-2009


Influence of intercontinental transport

Intercontinental transport can contribute significantly to the European ozone backgroundHowever, large uncertainties in the contribution still exist

Changes in Man-made NOx Emissions

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

NO

x em

issi

ons,

Tg

/yr

North AmericaEuropeAsia


23+24 May27 May

29 May

21 May

FLEXPART CO tracer


Intercontinental transport of Hg

Deposition to Europe Deposition from Europe, t/y

MSC-E

0

10

20

30

40

Nor

thA

mer

ica

Asi

anR

ussi

a

East

ern

Asi

a

Cen

tral

Asi

a

Nor

ther

nA

fric

a

Sout

hA

mer

ica

Europe120 t/y

Asia30 t/y

Equator8 t/y Oceans

23 t/yNorth Africa5 t/y

America10 t/y


1. ObjectivesTo gain new insight into the spatial patterns of POPs in background air using a consistent sampling and analytical approachTo evaluate limitations of the current EMEP measurement network with respect to spatialcoverageTo evaluate the use of passive air samplers as a complementary and cost efficient tool with respect to future monitoring strategies within EMEPTo improve models by supporting model validation exercises at MSC/E (and beyond)

2. Selected POPs: Combustion-derived POPs (PAHs), Industrial chemicals (PCBs), Pesticides (HCHs, HCB), “New” POPs (PBDEs)

3. Countries of the Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Central Asia (EECCA) are particularly welcome to take part in this exercise

Passive air sampling campaign for POPs (EMEP, 2006)

mounting bracket

PUF disk

air circulation

stainless steel domeIllustrations kindly provided by Karla Pozo, Environment Canada


Final remarks;

EMEP monitoring strategy requires all Parties to establish a minimum level of monitoring

• Establishment of at least one regional representative site at “level 1”

Special arrangements for Parties with economies in transition

Strategy is well received and many Parties are now becoming moreactive

The EMEP/CCC is ready to offer assistance (advise, technical support, training etc.)

Any questions can be adressed to [email protected]

introduction to emep emep organisational set-up role of ...ozone conc (ppb) o3 baseline monthly...

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