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Document produced by ENEA Consulting I 89 rue Réaumur, 75002 Paris I +33 (0) 1 82 83 83 83 I www.enea-consulting.com
Introduction to energy storage
September, 12th 2012
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage
An independent consulting company, created in 2007, and certified as a research and training organization.
A team of 25 people with complementary backgrounds: managers of industrial companies, energy and sustainable development specialists, entrepreneurs and process engineers.
Our Company Our Commitment
OPERATIONS CORPORATE
Energy producers and consumers
Industrial companies
Investors
Engineering firms, equipment & technology developers
Institutional and social stakeholders
Our Clients
Forward-looking energy, environmental & societal studies
Emerging sectors & New markets
R&D, Innovation & Investment
Energy management & Engineering
Expertise & training
OFFERS
Energy efficiency & Waste recovery
Bioenergies & biofuels
New energies &Energy storage
CO2 Capture & storage
Hydrogen & Fuel cells
Industrial ecology & Social acceptability
TECHNICAL EXPERTISE
In order to build a responsible and efficient industrial future, we provide support to our clients in energy transition and sustainable development, in all phases, from strategy development to technical expertise.
Contribute to the access to energy for all :
1500 days of volunteer work, as part of 45 missions
25 partners, missions in 18 countries
15 freely distributed study reports
An R&D program on impact measurement
2
Reasons to be for Energy Storage
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 3
► Key element of a CO2-free electricity mix
► Economic leverage
► Energy independence
Intermittent renewable energy deployment
Electric peak sensitivity
ENERGY STORAGE
Constraint increase on energy/demand equilibrium
New flexible production capacities
New investments on the grid
Control on the demand side
How to store energy ?
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 4
°C °C
Electrochemical processes
Inerty
Gravity
Electromagnetic processes
Electrostatic energy
Chemichal components
Thermal storage
Fuel
°C
Electric energy
Thermal energy Industrial product
°C
Intermittency management through network connections
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 5
Electric network
Gaz Network
Heat Network
H2
Méthanation
Co
Gen
erat
ion
CC
G
Electrolysis
Biomethane Fuel Cell
Flexibility ways
Vap
ocr
acki
ng
Intermittent Renewables
Direct injection
Turbine
Storage technologies: a large diversity
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 6
Volants d’inertie
Inductances supraconductrices
Nickel-Cadmium
Lithium-IonSodium-Souffre
VanadiumZinc-Bromine
Stockage thermique d’électricité
Temps de décharge
Puissance
Secondes
Minutes
Heures
1 kW 10 kW 100 MW100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 1GW
STEP
STEP Marines
CAES
Tube hydraulique souterrain
CAES Quasi-isothermique
Hydrogène et PaC
10 Heures
Plomb-Acide
Super condensateurs
Energie
Puissance
ZincBromine
Lithium-Ion
Coût Puissance€/kW
10
100
1000
100 1000 10000
10000
Coût Energie€/kWh
Plomb-Acide
Métal-Air
Nickel-Cadmium
VanadiumSodium-Souffre
Inductances supraconductricesSuper
condensateurs
Volants d’inertie
CAES
Hydrogène et PaC
Autres CAES
STEP
STEP Marines
Energie
Puissance
STEP Terrestres conventionnelles
Autres STEP
STEP Marines
CAES conventionnel
CAES AdiabatiqueCAES Quasi-
isothermique
CAES Sous-marinAir liquide
Stockage thermique d’électricité
BatteriePlomb-Acide
BatterieNickel-Cadmium
BatterieLithium-Ion
BatterieSodium-Souffre
BatterieMétal-Air
Batterie Red-OxZinc-Bromine
Batterie Red-OxVanadium
Super condensateurs
SMES
Volants d’inertie(Haute vitesse)
Volants d’inertie(Basse vitesse)
Hydrogène et PaC
Maturité technologique
R&D Démonstrateur Commercial
► Various maturity states
► Diverse technical characteristics
► Heterogeneous costs
Storage technologies: a large diversity
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 7
Volants d’inertie
Inductances supraconductrices
Nickel-Cadmium
Lithium-IonSodium-Souffre
VanadiumZinc-Bromine
Stockage thermique d’électricité
Temps de décharge
Puissance
Secondes
Minutes
Heures
1 kW 10 kW 100 MW100 kW 1 MW 10 MW 1GW
STEP
STEP Marines
CAES
Tube hydraulique souterrain
CAES Quasi-isothermique
Hydrogène et PaC
10 Heures
Plomb-Acide
Super condensateurs
Energie
Puissance
Energy Storage economics: which service for each player ?
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 8
1 min
Fréquence
50 Hz
Seuil de délestage
1 jour
charge
déchargePuissance
3 h
EcrêtagePuissance
10 minutes
Puissance
Intermittency control
Power subscription optimisation Load shifting
Frequency regulation
Power
Power
1 day
Power
Frequency
Already proven business models
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 9
Pumped Hydro Storage and Load Shifting Thermal storage for consumption
optimization
Charge
Décharge
140 99 % of installed storage
power
1 jour
Puissance frigorifique
GW
Business models in development
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 10
Biogas storage
Centralized batteries for island systems
Industrial utility storage Grid storage and ancillary
services
Decentralized batteries, community storage
► Peak shaving, mix optimization
► Consumption displacement
► Production flexibilization
► Local consumption optimization
► Frequency regulation
Concentrated solar and heat storage
► Production buffering
Large scale technical developments
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 11
Sea PHS & marine energy
Underground thermal storage Hydrogen storage
AA - CAES
Yearly storage ?
Undergroud PHS
Social acceptance : a key stake for large scale projects
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage 12
PERCEPTION =
REALITY +
2nd order signals
Generate acceptance
&
ENEA Consulting - RIH - Introduction to Energy storage
ENEA Consulting: your energy project partner
13
ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL
PERFORMANCE
EFFICIENCY & PROCESS
INNOVATION
► Stakeholder Management
► Social Acceptance
► Global Performance
► Marketing, competition
► Business model optimization
► Project financing
► Investor advisory ► Energy storage integration in
infrastructure and processes
► Energy Efficiency
► AMO, Project management
Document produced by ENEA Consulting I 89 rue Réaumur, 75002 Paris I +33 (0) 1 82 83 83 83 I www.enea-consulting.com Document produit par ENEA CONSULTING I 89, rue Réaumur 75002 Paris I +33 (0) 1 82 83 83 83 I www.enea-consulting.com
ENEA Consulting 89 rue Réaumur, 75002, Paris
Tel : +33 (0)1 82 83 83 83
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