introduction to information skills & systems intro. to information systems
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Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Intro. to Information SystemsIntro. to Information Systems
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
What is a System? A collection of resources and processes that operate together to achieve some common purpose.
Components Environment (that which influences or is influenced by a system)
PurposeResources Processes
Systems
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Processes
Resources
System
Purpose
Environment
So what does a System looks like
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
All systems have Inputs, Processes and Outputs (I.P.O.’s), Input a materialProcess the materialOutput a product.
Input, Process, Output (IPO)
Input
ProcessOutput
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Normal System (e.g. used – Textiles Factory)
A normal system would Input a resource (e.g. textiles fabric) and then the Process would turn this would Output a finished product (e.g. clothing)
So how is an Information System different to a Normal System
Input Textile Fabric
Output Finished Clothes
Process Sew Fabric
together
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
The Information System
Information System (e.g. used – School Report)The main difference in an Information System, compared to a Normal System is that:The Input is data as apposed to a material based resource (in our case, exam marks for school report).
The Process would turn this data into Information (e.g. collate and combine one students marks from the various subject inputs).
The Output, via a printer or screen (in our case a printed school report in the format required by the School).
SEE NEXT PAGE FOR IPO ON SCHOOL REPORT
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
IPO of an School Report Information System
Input Exam Marks
Output Print
Report
Process Collate Marks
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
What is Data?Data is the raw material that information processes.
What is Information? The meaning that we assign to data. Knowledge is acquired when information is received.
34, 12, 0, 45, 120, 99
Data
Cricket Scores
Information
So how does Data & Information fit in?
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Components of an Information System
1. Environment 2. Purpose3. Data/ Information4. Information Technology (the hardware and software used in
information processes)
5. Information Processes (what needs to be done to transform the data into useful information.)
6. Participants – (People who carry out the information processes within an IS. Can be Managers, data entry operators, direct users)
THE ABOVE MUST ALL BE PRESENT IN AN INFORMATION SYSTEM
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
A Diagrammatic Representation of an Information System
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Diagrammatic representation of a Computer-Based Information System
NOTE: Additional detail has been included in the way of ‘External environmental influence’
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Types of Information Systems
Personal Information Systems An information system with a single participant who is also the sole end user. An example would be a personal diary system
Group Information System An information system with a number of participants who work together to achieve the system’s purpose. Example could be a large business.
End-users End users are those who use or benefit from an Information System, such as those who listen to the weather report. They general have little control or input into an Information System.
Introduction to Information Skills & Systems
Social & Ethical Issues
Privacy of the individualSecurity of data and informationSafety of data and informationAccuracy of data and informationChanging nature of workAppropriate information useHealth & safetyCopyright laws