introduction to renal physiology · renal physiology 1. learning objectives at the end of the...
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Introduction to Renal Physiology
Dr. Sumera Gul
Associate Professor
Department of Physiology
Renal Physiology 1
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Learning Objectives
At the end of the session, the students should be able to:
• Explain the physiological anatomy of Urinary System
• Enlist the functions of Kidneys
• Differentiate between types of nephrons
• Explain the terms filtration, reabsorption, secretion and excretion.
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Review
• Role of water in body
• Body fluid compartments
• Measurement of fluid compartments
• Water balance
• Dehydration
• Edema
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Urinary system
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Functions of kidney ???
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Functions of Kidney
Waste elimination
Control of body fluids
Electrolyte balance and Acid base balance
Regulation of blood pressure
Secretion metabolism and excretion of hormones
Gluconeogenesis
Regulation of red blood cell production
Production of Vitamin D3
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Regulate
– plasma ionic composition
– plasma volume
– plasma osmolarity
– plasma pH
– metabolic waste excretion
– blood pressure
– RBC production
– hormone synthesis
– gluconeogenesis
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Products cleared
• Urea…from a.a
• Creatinine…from muscle
• Uric acid…from nucleic acids
• Bilirubin…from hemoglobin
• Hormone metabolites
• Drug metabolites
• Food additives
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Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Cortical/Juxtamedullary Nephrons
Figure 18.4
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Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Renal Corpuscle
Figure 18.8 (1 of 3)
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Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Renal Corpuscle
Figure 18.8 (2 of 3)
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Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
Figure 18.5
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Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Renal Exchange Processes
Figure 18.7