introduction to satellite remote sensing (continued)
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to Satellite Remote Sensing (continued). Miles Logsdon, Univ. of Washington Oceanography. SeaWiFS, June 27, 2001. We “approach” RS in two ways. To classify or group thematic land surface materials To detect a biophysical process. Cluster and Classify. Spectral Profile. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Introduction to Satellite Remote Sensing(continued)SeaWiFS, June 27, 2001Miles Logsdon, Univ. of WashingtonOceanography
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We approach RS in two waysTo classify or group thematic land surface materialsTo detect a biophysical process
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Cluster and Classify
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Spectral Profile
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Spatial Profile
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Spectral Signatures
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1d classifier
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Spectral Dimensions
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3 band space
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Clusters
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Dimensionality
N = the number of bands = dimensions . an (n) dimensional data (feature) spaceMeasurementVectorMeanVectorBand ABand B190 85Feature Space - 2dimensions
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Spectral Distance
* a number that allows two measurement vectors to be compared
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Classification ApproachesUnsupervised: self organizing in multi-dimensionsEasy, quick, something you should be able to do
Supervised: training with spectral signatures More thought, planning ahead, for target application
Hybrid: self organization by categoriesJust what it implies
Spectral Mixture Analysis: sub-pixel variationsSeeks the composition of the pixel signatures
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Clustering / ClassificationClustering or Training Stage: Through actions of either the analysts supervision or an unsupervised algorithm, a numeric description of the spectral attribute of each class is determined (a multi-spectral cluster mean signature).Classification Stage: By comparing the spectral signature to of a pixel (the measure signature) to the each cluster signature a pixel is assigned to a category or class.
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termsParametric = based upon statistical parameters (mean & standard deviation)Non-Parametric = based upon objects (polygons) in feature spaceDecision Rules = rules for sorting pixels into classes
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Unsupervised ClusteringMinimum Spectral DistanceBand ABand BBand ABand B1st iteration cluster mean2nd iteration cluster mean
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ISODATA clusters
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Part of the classification process: ISODATA clustering algorithmEach data pixel is assigned to a cluster based on the distance of a pixel from the center of a cluster (Euclidean distance)
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Supervised Classification
Assigning spectral signatures to clusters by selecting pixel in geographic space
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Supervised Classification
Assigning spectral signatures to clusters by selecting pixel in Feature space
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Classification Decision RulesIf the non-parametric test results in one unique class, the pixel will be assigned to that class.if the non-parametric test results in zero classes (outside the decision boundaries) the the unclassified rule applies either left unclassified or classified by the parametric ruleif the pixel falls into more than one class the overlap rule applies left unclassified, use the parametric rule, or processing orderNon-Parametricparallelepipedfeature spaceUnclassified Optionsparametric ruleunclassifiedOverlap Optionsparametric ruleby orderunclassifiedParametric minimum distanceMahalanobis distancemaximum likelihood
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Band ABand BParallelepipedBand ABand BMinimum DistanceMaximum likelihood(bayesian)probabilityBayesian, a prior (weights)
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Parametric classifiers
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Class NamesorClassification SystemsUSGS - U.S. Geological Survey Land Cover Classification Scheme for Remote Sensor Data USFW - U.S. Fish & Wildlife Wetland Classification System NOAA CCAP - C-CAP Landcover Classification System, and Definitions NOAA CCAP - C-CAP Wetland Classification Scheme Definitions PRISM - PRISM General Landcover King Co. - King County General Landcover (specific use, by Chris Pyle)
Level 1 Urban or Built-Up Land 11 Residential 12 Commercial and Services 13 Industrial 14 Transportation, Communications and Utilities 15 Industrial and Commercial Complexes 16 Mixed Urban or Built-Up 17 Other Urban or Built-up Land
2 Agricultural Land 21 Cropland and Pasture 22 Orchards, Groves, Vineyards, Nurseries and Ornamental Horticultural Areas 23 Confined Feeding Operations 24 Other Agricultural Land
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Resolution and Spectral MixingThanks to:Robin Weeks
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Detecting a Process: Two examplesUsing band math
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Laboratory Spectral Signatures IICommon Urban MaterialsHealthy grassConcreteAstroturfwavelengthThanks to Robin Weeks
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Vegetation:
Pigment in Plant Leaves (Chlorophyll) strongly absorbs visible light (0.4 to 0.7 m)
Cell Structure however strongly reflects Near-IR (0.7 1.1 m)
Thanks to Robin Weeks
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(courtesy http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov) NDVIBand 3Band 4Band 4 - Band 3Band 4 + Band 3Simple RatioNDVIWhen using LANDSAT:
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Ocean ColorLets begin with phytoplanktonPhyton = plant; planktos = wandering.These reproduce asexually, are globally distributed, consist of 10s of thousands of species and make up about 25% of the total planetary veg.These are the grass that the zooplankton graze upon.And, they fix carbon as well.
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Chaetoceros species of diatoms: cells are 20-25 mm in diameter.Chloroplasts contain pigments
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Water provides an internal standard shape for spectral comparison with other variable componentsSlopes for pigments and CDOM similar from 440 to 600 nm, but are opposite from 400 to 440 nmNote that detritus is include with CDOM since shapes are similarSpectral de-convolution of pigment absorption from CDOM absorption is straight-forwardShapes of phytoplankton or pigment absorption are not constant (next slide) For Case 2 waters, ratio of CDOM to chlorophyll a is not constant Strategy for Spectral Separation of Absorption Components with Semi-Analytic AlgorithmKen Carder: University of South Florida
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Absorption spectra for water, CDOM, and phytoplankton
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Colored Dissolved Organic Material(CDOM)Organic SourcesTerrestrial CDOMdecay vegetation from river and nearshoreOcean CDOMdetritus - cell fragments, zooplankton fecalInorganic SourcesSand & Dust => Errosionrivers, wind, wave or current suspension
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Whats the difference between MODIS chlorophylls?
Case 1 waters:Chlor_MODIS (Clark) This is an empirical algorithm based on a statistical regression between chlorophyll and radiance ratios.
Case 2 waters:Chlor_a_3 (Carder) This is a semi-analytic (model-based) inversion algorithm. This approach is required in optically complex case 2 (coastal) waters and low-light, nutrient-rich regions (hi-lats).
A 3rd algorithm was added to provide a more direct linkage to the SeaWiFS chlorophyll:SeaWiFS-analog Chlor_a_2 (Campbell)SeaWiFS algorithmOC4.v4 (OReilly) Ken Carder: University of South Florida
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Chl-a increasingFlorescenceIndependent of Chl-aR(l)
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Case 1 Rrs Model with superimposed MODIS bands 8-14: All variables co-vary with chlorophyll aNote that slopes between blue and green wave lengths decrease with increasing chlorophyll, explaining the strategy of empirical algorithmsCase 2 waters are more complicated
Ken Carder: University of South Florida
Chart2
0.013450.0132646219
0.009980.0099010603
0.007550.0075312804
0.005810.0058245351
0.004540.0045712489
0.003590.0036349566
0.002880.0029246257
0.002330.0023782062
0.001930.0019525762
0.001620.0016172383
0.001410.0013502788
0.0011357213
0.0009617628
0.0008195765
0.0007024867
0.0006053915
0.0005243544
Chart1
0.6870.34635
0.7810.4478775
0.8280.540895
0.8830.6254025
0.9130.7014
0.9390.7688875
0.9730.827865
1.0010.8783325
10.92029
0.9537375
0.978675
absorption
lama_w1a_w2P& F modchl-specific absorption coef.chl-specific absorption coef.0.010.020.050.10.20.5125
(nm)(1/m)(1/m)
380ND0.011370.011370.346350.346350.01298650980.0136067710.01499890420.01676455630.01953516150.02575359190.03364047030.0460163090.0737930176
3850.00950.009410.009410.44787750.44787750.01122146740.01202114830.01381597660.01609236960.01966441330.02768161650.03784989090.05380562360.0896171551
3900.00870.008510.008510.5408950.5408950.01054478760.01150784690.01366936650.01641083670.02071266450.03036781770.04261351520.06182907440.1049570594
3950.00810.008130.008130.62540250.62540250.0103865850.01149719470.01398988080.01715137180.02211228290.03324670270.04736856430.06952814040.1192637666
4000.0070.006630.006630.6870.70140.6870.0090003670.01021737830.01294887540.01641325210.02184944180.03405059130.04952539360.07380796110.1283084939
4050.0060.00530.00530.7810.76888750.7810.00789826090.00927862770.01237676490.01630615380.0224720260.03631089680.05386283230.08140477130.1432207365
4100.00560.004730.004730.8280.8278650.8280.00743966630.00889997480.01217753540.01633448830.02285744650.03749777220.05606619860.08520318260.1505991154
4150.00520.004440.004440.8830.87833250.8830.00729666390.00885086340.01233915610.01676338170.0237057360.03928736690.05904965720.09006001450.1596606032
4200.00540.004540.004540.9130.920290.9130.0074782970.00908230220.01268238030.01724838430.02441321250.04049417070.06088976120.09289387320.1647248749
4250.00610.004780.004780.9390.95373750.9390.0077912990.00943810710.01313425330.0178221010.02517812270.04168820120.06262804810.09548618970.1692340018
4300.00640.004950.004950.9730.9786750.9730.00805712060.00976077960.01358452370.01843420470.026044170.04312420730.06478693680.09877940290.1750731273
4350.00690.00530.00531.0011.0010.00848838420.01023840470.01416620390.01914785880.02696491320.04450974770.06676198270.10167948210.1800493793
4400.00830.006350.00635110.00954426590.01129005610.01520836060.02017797340.02797613170.04547855520.0676770.10251009360.1806905477
4450.00950.007510.007510.9710.9710.01062441260.01231732780.0161169580.02093605520.02849802940.04547035410.06699647080.10077456860.1765871582
4500.0110.009220.009220.9440.9440.01226839150.01391219590.01760160030.02228089750.02962350170.0461034660.06700511870.09980332720.1734166236
4550.0120.009620.009620.9280.9280.01261180740.01422588360.01784856530.02244323760.02965305120.04583497590.0663586230.09856367730.1708456801
4600.01220.009790.009790.9170.9170.01273719660.01433042020.01790629980.02244161260.02955828130.04553114870.06578964690.0975786380.1689268159
4650.01250.010110.010110.9020.9020.01300314150.01456872610.01808257160.02253920620.02953241540.04522818690.06513524230.09637276060.1664831963
4700.0130.01060.01060.870.870.01338987060.01489849450.01828449590.02257898490.02931776040.04444247310.06362525080.09372625550.1612858654
4750.01430.01140.01140.8390.8390.01409356820.01554716080.01880964820.02294748360.02944044330.04401343940.06249647110.09149945660.156594639
4800.01570.01270.01270.7980.7980.0152721860.01665361350.01975413140.02368653970.02985714970.04370665440.06127207690.08883517930.1506986443
4850.01680.01360.01360.7730.7730.01609413160.01743125950.02043234990.02423865360.03021138440.04361676290.06061889710.08729810540.1471777316
4900.01850.0150.0150.750.750.01742671750.01872313580.02163285640.02532327520.03111416290.04411140730.06059590240.08646284770.1445194061
4950.02130.01730.01730.7170.7170.01963627610.0208748280.02365467150.02718036620.03271277430.04512987910.0608785790.0855909380.1410561077
5000.02420.02040.02040.6680.6680.02260224040.02375543350.02634369510.02962640520.03477752950.04633886960.0610021970.08401142420.1356540331
5050.030.02560.02560.6450.6450.02776130170.02887414460.03137184310.03453969140.03951057820.05066738760.06481764620.08702178180.1368574189
5100.03820.03250.03250.6180.6180.03461630410.03568198720.03807383880.04110744070.04586767230.05655168090.07010228290.09136545660.13908917
5150.04620.03960.03960.5820.5820.04163954540.04264264430.04489403020.04774947850.05223015710.06228672830.07504154720.09505600330.1399770571
5200.04740.04090.04090.5280.5280.04276501910.04367461950.04571615420.04830544670.05236848230.06148768270.07305362770.09120254080.1319365131
5250.04850.04170.04170.5040.5040.04347853220.04434640650.046294290.04876480420.05264145630.06134233230.07237771360.08969408280.1285594683
5300.05050.04340.04340.4740.4740.04507967450.04589555590.04772674490.05004925470.05369366310.06187328420.07224755410.08852652860.1250635537
5350.05270.04520.04520.4440.4440.04678131260.04754526450.04925990140.05143458720.05484703490.06250603640.07222000090.08746284510.1216743481
5400.05510.04740.04740.4160.4160.04889090690.04960642710.05121236220.05324918080.05644529180.06361874050.07271687510.08699337860.1190359969
5450.05940.05110.05110.3840.3840.05249502930.05315529030.05463720010.05651671650.0594659940.06608544190.07448093350.08765487190.1172228598
5500.06540.05650.05650.3570.3570.05782039660.05843404310.05981132970.06155815190.06429920980.07045132330.07825409150.09049794720.117978429
5550.0690.05960.05960.3210.3210.06080741160.06135901850.06259706160.06416728040.06663121760.07216135340.07917526270.09018126630.1148834752
5600.07150.06190.06190.2940.2940.06301812070.06352319470.06465679820.06609455530.0683506380.07341425860.07983648370.08991403510.1125323977
5650.07430.06420.06420.2730.2730.06524692360.06571580320.06676817070.06810289560.07019730360.07489805660.08086005410.09021543090.1112129231
5700.08040.06950.06950.2760.2760.07055787140.07103179240.07209547530.07344455160.07556147930.08031277610.08633887870.09579484730.1170181106
5750.0890.07720.07720.2680.2680.07824159890.07870168270.07973430860.08104399520.08309911380.08771168440.09356183960.1027417170.123345313
5800.10160.08960.08960.2910.2910.09072995640.09122942320.09235044170.09377223720.09600327340.1010106790.10736160610.11732727890.1396945379
5850.12350.110.110.2740.2740.11111505420.11158525320.11264058220.11397906320.1160793650.12079334630.12677212130.13615382490.1572104056
5900.14870.13510.13510.2820.2820.1362809630.13676480470.13785075380.13922807050.14138931220.14624006860.15239231650.16204622830.1837137614
5950.18180.16720.16720.2490.2490.16833229350.16875944490.16971815650.1709340970.17284211220.17712451950.18255592620.1910787170.2102075276
6000.24170.22240.22240.2360.2360.22358471960.22398950750.22489802590.22605030610.22785842750.23191663010.23706367650.2451402580.2632675831
6050.27950.25770.25770.2790.2790.25905224550.25953071850.26060461770.26196665150.26410391170.26890084350.27498482520.28453161570.3059587227
6100.28760.26440.26440.2520.2520.26564860520.26608071650.26705056010.26828061940.27021078940.27454292150.28003739470.28865914730.308010071
6150.29160.26780.26780.2680.2680.26906948840.26952897790.270560270.27186826490.2739207290.27852734170.28436994050.29353796060.3141149438
6200.30470.27550.27550.2760.2760.27677463410.27724778450.27830973780.27965662040.28177010590.28651367680.29252998070.30197057330.3231593264
6250.31350.28340.28340.2990.2990.28472569250.28523821650.28638854090.28784750530.29013686580.29527517620.30179213080.31201832860.3349703179
6300.31840.29160.29160.3170.3170.29296252970.2935058530.29472530410.29627194250.29869887820.30414596650.31105454630.321895270.3462265198
6350.33090.30120.30120.3330.3330.30259555930.30316625190.30444713160.30607168030.30862087040.31434235020.32159894260.33298575660.3585426681
6400.33820.31080.31080.3340.3340.31218359610.31275595210.31404056520.31566984890.3182264690.32396462510.3312423680.34266237080.3682937723
6450.35130.3250.3250.3260.3260.32634997690.32690857790.32816231880.32975244720.3322476260.33784788120.34495072360.35609627810.3811116992
6500.35940.340.340.3560.3560.34143115480.3420411140.34341012510.34514645130.34787103910.35398618690.36174207120.37391235810.40122772
6550.38520.3710.3710.3890.3890.37253666850.37320312130.37469892820.37659607050.37957300590.38625453020.39472875360.40802623550.4378715081
6600.42120.410.410.4410.4410.41170422630.41245971760.41415536530.4163059670.41968062270.42725480270.43686118750.45193522110.4857678403
6650.43110.4290.4290.5340.5340.43097485140.43188960720.4339427130.43654668120.44063274540.4498036320.46143513090.4796869090.5206517548
6700.43460.4390.4390.5950.5950.44114147360.4421606650.44444816920.44734942650.45190198720.46211989290.47507933330.49541487510.5410565832
6750.4390.4480.4480.5440.5440.44997088850.45090267030.45299398980.45564642470.45980854120.46915012210.48099811380.49958960550.5413169146
6800.45240.4650.4650.5020.5020.46683366260.46769346210.46962322220.47207075040.47591133370.48453125570.49546396240.51261921810.5511229953
6850.4690.4860.4860.420.420.4875786110.48829793140.4899123960.49196003260.49517311890.50238466730.51153112410.52588345320.5580962568
6900.49290.5160.5160.3290.3290.51730157810.51786502110.51912962970.52073354150.52325034890.5288991480.53606355890.54730572470.5725379833
6950.53050.5590.5590.2620.2620.56010309240.56055177340.56155880660.56283603380.56484021810.56933847030.57504363460.58399599710.6040889515
7000.58390.6240.04010.6240.2150.2150.62497450020.62534267860.62616902940.62721709580.62886168830.63255286170.63723440240.64458052710.6610683929
7050.65330.7040.05070.704
7100.75610.8270.07090.827
7150.90291.0070.10411.007
7201.07451.2310.15651.231
7251.27881.4890.21021.489
7301.60690.251.8569
7351.96240.252.2124
7402.14560.252.3956
7452.14230.252.3923
7502.1950.252.445
scattering
wavelengthbbswBb sw modwavelengthest. bbsw0.010.020.050.10.20.5125
3500.013450.0132646220.01353800.00936047240.00515475830.00538798990.00584253790.00634080260.00702014670.00828516890.00959054720.01124361760.013947266
3750.009980.00990106040.01003850.00885589740.00489670650.00512714980.00557632170.00606876840.00674029340.00799108420.00928223150.01091801690.0135957133
4000.007550.00753128050.00763900.00838451440.00465539840.0048831250.00532705860.00581383650.00647774290.00771466710.00899194850.0106108920.0132633019
4250.005810.00582453510.00583950.00794375540.00442954460.00465462320.00509345120.00557470380.00623118440.00745459310.00871835950.01032088770.0129486511
4500.004540.00457124890.00454000.00753128050.00421796960.00444046640.00487431640.00535018180.00599942230.00720965350.00846024270.01004676590.012650499
4750.003590.00363495660.00364050.00714495420.00401960070.00423957950.00466857450.00513918570.00578136490.00697874380.00821648130.00978739460.0123676908
5000.002880.00292462570.00294100.00678282620.0038334580.00405098020.00447523840.00494072370.00557601370.00676085390.00798605310.00954173720.0120991683
5250.002330.00237820620.00234150.00644311290.0036586450.00387376970.00429340550.00475388820.00538245520.00655505870.00776802170.00930884370.0118439604
5500.001930.00195257620.00194200.00612418130.00349434080.00370712530.00412224850.00457784790.00519985180.00636051010.00756152830.0090878420.0116011757
5750.001620.00161723840.00164250.00582453510.00333979320.00355029240.00396100930.00441184020.00502743560.00617642960.0073657840.00887793080.011369994
6000.001410.00135027880.00144300.00554280140.00319431170.00340257870.00380899190.00425516520.0048645010.0060021020.0071800640.00867837330.0111496607
6250.00113572130.00114350.00527771940.00305726210.00326334840.00366555660.00410717940.00471039950.00583686960.00700370090.00848849080.01093948
6500.00096176280.00104400.00502813020.00292806150.00313201640.00353011540.00396729110.00456453450.00568012650.00683608010.0083076580.0107388103
6750.00081957650.00084450.00479296740.0028061730.00300804460.00340212660.00383495510.00442635620.00553131450.0066766350.00813529760.0105470588
7000.00070248670.00074500.00457124890.00269110240.00289093690.00328109120.00370966920.00429535770.00538991870.00652484220.00797087670.0103636777
7250.00060539150.00064550.00436206920.00258239370.0027802360.00316654890.00359096980.00417107130.00525546350.00638021860.00781390240.0101881599
7500.00052435440.00054600.0041645930.00247962630.00267551960.00305807460.00347842870.00405306470.00512750920.00624231690.00766391860.0100200357
4650.00397804870.00238241150.00257639780.00295527570.00337165050.00394093850.00500564920.00611072350.00752050280.0098588697
4700.00380172310.002290390.00248250980.00285778890.00327026910.00383432280.00488950680.00598505470.00738326330.0097042576
4750.00363495660.00220322930.00239352190.00276527790.00317394540.00373287520.0047787330.00586495520.00725183650.009555824
4800.00347713840.00212062140.00230912480.00267743120.00308236550.0036362780.0046730040.00575009460.00712588480.0094132197
4850.00332770250.00204228090.00222903210.002593960.0029952380.00354423670.00457201910.00564016650.00700509410.0092761199
4900.00318612410.00196794310.00215297780.00251459610.00291229250.00345647770.0044754990.00553488570.00688917250.0091442219
4950.00305191590.00189736210.0020807150.00243909050.00283327770.00337274660.00438318390.00543398690.00677784770.0090172435
5000.00292462570.00183030960.00201201430.0023672120.00275796010.0032928070.0042948320.00533722280.00667086640.0088949216
5050.00280383290.00176657330.00194666250.00229874520.00268612230.00321643880.00421021790.00524436340.00656799180.0087770104
5100.00268914630.00170595560.00188446090.00223348980.0026175620.00314343690.00412913190.00515519350.00646900340.00866328
5150.00258020190.00164827260.00182522480.00217125910.00255209060.00307361010.0040513780.00506951280.00637369460.0085535156
5200.00247666060.00159335280.00176878180.00211187920.00248953230.00300678020.00397677340.00498713380.00628187270.008447516
5250.00237820620.00154103650.00171497130.00205518760.00242972290.00294278050.00390514710.00490788120.00619335720.0083450929
5300.00228454390.00149117460.00166364330.00200103290.00237250920.00288145560.00383633960.00483159120.0061079790.0082460694
5350.00219539850.00144362770.00161465790.00194927360.0023177480.00282266010.00377020120.00475811030.00602557970.00815028
5400.0021105130.00139826580.0015678840.00189977730.00226530550.00276625790.00370659220.00468729460.00594601090.008057569
5450.00202964710.00135496730.00152319950.00185242020.00221505620.00271212170.00364538130.00461900940.00586913310.0079677901
5500.00195257620.00131361840.00148048970.00180708650.00216688290.00266013210.00358644570.00455312810.00579481540.007880806
5550.00187909010.00127411260.00143964750.00176366770.00212067560.00261017730.00352967010.00448953190.00572293480.0077964871
5600.00180899190.00123635020.00140057260.00172206210.00207633140.00256215240.00347494610.00442810920.00565337570.0077147119
5650.00174209740.00120023750.00136317070.00168217430.00203375340.0025159590.00342217220.0043687550.00558602920.0076353654
5700.00167823350.0011656870.00132735350.00164391490.0019928510.00247150460.00337125280.00431137080.00552079280.0075583396
5750.00161723840.00113261630.00129303820.00160719990.0019535390.00242870220.00332209790.00425586350.00545756990.0074835323
5800.00155895970.00110094830.0012601470.00157195030.00191573710.00238747030.00327462290.00420214570.00539626940.0074108472
5850.00150325460.00107061020.00122860680.0015380920.00187937020.00234773190.00322874810.00415013480.00533680560.0073401934
5900.0014499890.00104153410.00119834870.00150555510.00184436730.00230941460.00318439850.00409975310.00527909720.0072714846
5950.00139903660.00101365560.00116930820.00147427410.00181066160.00227245040.00314150330.00405092720.00522306780.0072046397
6000.00135027880.00098691440.00114142440.00144418720.00177819050.00223677490.00309999580.00400358770.00516864490.0071395815
6050.0013036040.00096125380.00111464010.00141523610.00174689450.00220232770.00305981280.00395766930.005115760.0070762372
6100.0012589070.00093662020.00108890110.0013873660.0017167180.00216905140.00302089490.00391310990.00506434850.0070145377
6150.00121608890.00091296320.00106415670.0013605250.00168760820.00213689230.00298318580.00386985110.00501434890.0069544175
6200.00117505630.00089023520.00104035890.00133466450.00165951530.00210579940.00294663240.00382783750.00496570330.0068958144
6250.00113572130.00086839130.00101746240.00130973820.00163239240.00207572440.00291118440.00378701660.00491835650.0068386694
6300.00109800080.00084738930.00099542440.00128570270.00160619520.0020466220.00287679420.00374733880.00487225630.0067829267
6350.00106181670.00082718920.00097420460.00126251680.00158088170.0020184490.00284341670.0037087570.00482735330.0067285329
6400.00102709490.00080775320.00095376480.00124014170.00155641220.00199116470.00281100920.00367122650.00478360040.0066754375
6450.00099376560.00078904560.00093406910.00121854060.00153274910.00196473040.00277953120.0036347050.00474095290.0066235923
6500.00096176280.00077103270.00091508320.00119767870.0015098570.00193910980.00274894440.00359915220.00469936840.0065729517
6550.00093102410.00075368250.00089677490.0011775230.00148770210.0019142680.00271921230.00356452990.00465880650.006523472
6600.00090149050.00073696490.00087911370.00115804240.00146625260.00189017230.00269030030.00353080190.00461922880.0064751116
6650.00087310610.00072085130.00086207070.00113920740.00144547810.00186679150.00266217570.00349793370.00458059890.006427831
6700.00084581820.00070531450.00084561840.00112098980.00142535020.00184409610.00263480730.00346589240.0045428820.0063815925
6750.00081957650.0006903290.00082973080.00110336310.00140584140.00182205790.00260816530.00343464680.00450604480.00633636
6800.00079433370.00067587030.00081438340.00108630210.0013869260.00180065030.00258222160.00340416720.00447005580.0062920992
6850.00077004490.00066191540.00079955280.00106978290.00136857950.00177984790.00255694940.00337442520.00443488490.0062487772
6900.00074666740.00064844240.00078521670.00105378280.00135077850.00175962670.0025323230.0033453940.00440050350.0062063628
6950.00072416080.00063543050.00077135420.00103828020.00133350090.00173996360.00250831830.00331704770.00436688390.0061648259
7000.00070248670.000622860.00075794520.00102325450.00131672570.0017208370.0024849120.00328936190.00433400020.0061241378
Rrs plot
0.01457666030.01455158520.01438106790.01407825670.01356163980.01248662280.01138060360.01007332030.0081546893
0.01558495670.01533812760.01475149050.01404836780.01309528090.01149177410.01010305610.00865362740.0067574916
0.01571177730.01528306640.0143857650.01341976150.01222152370.01039224260.00893872320.00751434310.0057554162
0.01533704440.01478360960.01369226540.01258388420.01127807530.00939578510.00797426230.00663078250.0050242316
0.01636982370.01554088830.01402961010.01261126020.01105145130.0089639610.00748479240.00614633310.0046039673
0.01730222450.01608870370.01405063660.01229359070.01049728930.00827009770.00678978980.00550588240.004077826
0.01744471090.01604632890.01378627570.01191335370.01006031280.00783647920.00639609870.00516641020.0038149593
0.01713219490.01561729790.01324219960.01133389440.00949251020.00733544320.00596398320.0048057680.0035427347
0.01633697270.0148697450.0125841130.01075969480.00900792960.00696396090.00566689690.00457146940.0033752262
0.01539214560.01402251290.0118863210.0101793650.00853841010.0066197280.00539854310.00436393130.0032296112
0.01456420710.01326046780.01123414540.00962080370.00807375060.00626767690.00511814130.00414302770.0030714694
0.01358412890.01239911370.01054540050.00906032940.00762876430.00594739870.0048706910.00395268760.0029383668
0.01204342610.01114073190.00966433550.00842906620.00719593810.0056958170.00470643420.00384579950.002877829
0.01071857020.01006909880.0089414590.00794207410.00689677480.00556366960.00464906930.00383198310.0028913158
0.00922849080.00882603650.00806026260.00732211930.00649644040.00536967680.00455221790.00379409880.0028928926
0.00871890510.00838675190.00772986320.007075950.00632613470.00527702010.00449973090.00376821120.0028870437
0.00835948680.00807095390.00748313420.00688437920.00618607240.00519242380.00444567720.00373574180.0028725168
0.00794366710.0077088510.00720632880.00667541310.00603973380.00511188920.004399970.00371344380.0028680622
0.00749330710.00732712270.00693418770.00649012170.00593328510.00508456580.0044107450.00374605090.0029114454
0.00693545240.00684409140.00657516770.00623332670.0057726060.00502435110.00440119840.00376723380.0029504207
0.00625476240.00624688810.00612316780.00590705340.00556948260.00495508060.0044012280.00380943970.0030160049
0.00577672190.0058162590.00577904780.00564207690.00538634270.00486720290.0043668070.00381070130.0030415675
0.00520532340.00529062840.00534212780.00529122020.00512912980.0047254110.00429360730.00378582650.0030527626
0.00452012220.00464988690.00479522060.00484270250.00479477350.00454137390.00420378130.00376429750.00308239
0.00384302430.00400568720.00422968090.00436887840.00443707660.00435134850.00412725240.00377378470.0031567816
0.00306914090.00324014180.00350233350.00370168070.00386180270.00393574350.00383996750.00360015810.0030917183
0.00240941840.00257338270.00284261030.00307103310.003290240.00349079810.00351408840.0033920550.0030079113
0.00195335280.0021056560.00236661870.00260274680.00285109330.0031329760.00324631840.00322361730.0029542426
0.00184269610.00199673670.00226518620.00251428410.00278550050.00311632430.00327828630.003305760.0030869435
0.0017560180.00191001730.00218060520.00243472870.00271596140.00307037220.00325771320.00331346030.0031270197
0.00164259950.00179449830.00206429880.00232174030.00261278590.00299505930.0032156640.00331104720.0031732395
0.00153568050.00168494870.00195273090.00221200570.00251089350.00291826040.00317091510.00330642260.0032205705
0.00142637140.00157173490.00183495860.00209333050.00239664440.00282431840.00310652790.00328203530.0032523542
0.00129080460.00142908360.0016822410.00193476850.00223763360.00268185650.00299564290.00321935020.0032650013
0.00113959160.00126762440.00150447780.00174438650.00203802450.00248501090.00282071380.00308718970.0032122025
0.00105284110.00117604280.00140576640.00164118290.00193384460.00239225290.00275280640.00306124810.0032601884
0.00098708720.00110667290.00133087230.00156248220.0018535220.00231846250.00269581790.00303469740.0032912618
0.00092663380.00104251230.00126070280.00148754680.00177503650.00224153380.00262959360.00299122060.00329575
0.00083375310.00094104530.00114366060.00135520650.00162480250.00206664610.00243985340.00279538940.0031124889
0.00073201630.00082921550.00101361970.00120746420.00145674740.00187209210.00223196610.0025875710.002934408
0.00061502870.00069894950.00085859240.00102706030.00124480440.00161085170.00193225910.00225570910.0025843817
0.00048956620.0005586860.00069105830.00083215080.00101698550.00133552640.00162617050.00193495590.0022883655
0.00038908920.00044559210.00055422660.00067069120.00082445390.0010932590.00134394880.00161850990.0019531727
0.00030706690.00035300390.00044178510.00053771210.00066571680.00089400720.00111363840.00136495640.0016999877
0.00022544570.00026009340.00032732210.0004003940.00049869160.00067667460.00085197820.0010592970.0013544779
0.00018965290.00021938250.00027708440.00033982210.00042424620.00057717320.00072785050.0009060620.0011596499
0.00018023740.0002090830.00026513350.00032617960.0004085190.00055832890.00070696310.0008845090.0011422783
0.00017347430.00020174660.00025667380.00031647760.00039710030.00054362950.00068874380.00086161150.0011111668
0.00016447550.00019178110.00024484050.00030262440.00038054480.0005222210.00066260460.00082994610.0010718066
0.00015598530.00018233990.00023354180.00028928340.00036440820.00050084040.00063575660.00079609490.0010263737
0.00014795640.00017339580.00022281790.00027661590.00034910480.00048067950.0006106650.00076490690.0009857077
0.00013985370.00016432110.00021185830.00026360660.00033333330.00045987960.00058485930.00073307760.0009449793
0.00013239260.00015596630.00020178610.0002516940.00031899160.0004412960.00056233580.00070629310.0009132748
0.00012373340.00014616080.00018978370.00023734850.00030157670.00041860970.00053490580.00067401830.000876346
0.00011558660.00013687980.00017829230.00022343650.00028437230.00039530970.0005053810.0006367410.000826856
0.0001035760.0001229740.00016070950.00020185770.00025741870.00035862470.00045910990.00057912630.0007530556
0.00009166470.00010910790.00014304280.00018004730.00023001080.00032100010.0004112930.00051903220.0006748156
0.00008566140.00010219310.00013432260.00016930220.00021642150.00030183410.00038595660.00048523740.0006256128
0.00008188960.00009792240.00012906360.00016293350.00020849130.00029083220.00037154330.00046613910.000598014
0.0000785820.00009422660.00012464840.0001577930.00020248130.00028361740.0003637190.0004585640.0005935421
0.00007416350.00008917220.000118390.0001502760.00019336620.00027194480.000350060.00044347050.0005790742
0.00006954820.00008386270.00011177570.00014231510.00018373210.00025977560.00033619370.00042900570.0005680253
0.00006422450.00007766620.00010392310.00013272750.00017193740.00024444950.00031816070.00040917760.0005501331
0.00005813330.0000704950.00009467480.00012125540.00015754190.00022501960.00029421870.00038075340.0005182361
0.00005107550.00006210280.00008369520.00010746920.00013999590.00020073760.00026344730.00034262480.000470881
Input [chl a] (mg m-3)
chl_a: 0.01
chl_a: 0.02
chl_a: 0.05
chl_a: 0.1
chl_a: 0.2
chl_a: 0.5
chl_a: 1
chl_a: 2
chl_a: 5
wavelength (nm)
Remote sensing reflectance (sr-1)
Rrs est
wavelengthchl_a: 0.01chl_a: 0.02chl_a: 0.05chl_a: 0.1chl_a: 0.2chl_a: 0.5chl_a: 1chl_a: 2chl_a: 5
3800.01457666030.01455158520.01438106790.01407825670.01356163980.01248662280.01138060360.01007332030.0081546893
3850.01558495670.01533812760.01475149050.01404836780.01309528090.01149177410.01010305610.00865362740.0067574916
3900.01571177730.01528306640.0143857650.01341976150.01222152370.01039224260.00893872320.00751434310.0057554162
3950.01533704440.01478360960.01369226540.01258388420.01127807530.00939578510.00797426230.00663078250.0050242316
4000.01636982370.01554088830.01402961010.01261126020.01105145130.0089639610.00748479240.00614633310.0046039673
4050.01730222450.01608870370.01405063660.01229359070.01049728930.00827009770.00678978980.00550588240.004077826
4100.01744471090.01604632890.01378627570.01191335370.01006031280.00783647920.00639609870.00516641020.0038149593
4150.01713219490.01561729790.01324219960.01133389440.00949251020.00733544320.00596398320.0048057680.0035427347
4200.01633697270.0148697450.0125841130.01075969480.00900792960.00696396090.00566689690.00457146940.0033752262
4250.01539214560.01402251290.0118863210.0101793650.00853841010.0066197280.00539854310.00436393130.0032296112
4300.01456420710.01326046780.01123414540.00962080370.00807375060.00626767690.00511814130.00414302770.0030714694
4350.01358412890.01239911370.01054540050.00906032940.00762876430.00594739870.0048706910.00395268760.0029383668
4400.01204342610.01114073190.00966433550.00842906620.00719593810.0056958170.00470643420.00384579950.002877829
4450.01071857020.01006909880.0089414590.00794207410.00689677480.00556366960.00464906930.00383198310.0028913158
4500.00922849080.00882603650.00806026260.00732211930.00649644040.00536967680.00455221790.00379409880.0028928926
4550.00871890510.00838675190.00772986320.007075950.00632613470.00527702010.00449973090.00376821120.0028870437
4600.00835948680.00807095390.00748313420.00688437920.00618607240.00519242380.00444567720.00373574180.0028725168
4650.00794366710.0077088510.00720632880.00667541310.00603973380.00511188920.004399970.00371344380.0028680622
4700.00749330710.00732712270.00693418770.00649012170.00593328510.00508456580.0044107450.00374605090.0029114454
4750.00693545240.00684409140.00657516770.00623332670.0057726060.00502435110.00440119840.00376723380.0029504207
4800.00625476240.00624688810.00612316780.00590705340.00556948260.00495508060.0044012280.00380943970.0030160049
4850.00577672190.0058162590.00577904780.00564207690.00538634270.00486720290.0043668070.00381070130.0030415675
4900.00520532340.00529062840.00534212780.00529122020.00512912980.0047254110.00429360730.00378582650.0030527626
4950.00452012220.00464988690.00479522060.00484270250.00479477350.00454137390.00420378130.00376429750.00308239
5000.00384302430.00400568720.00422968090.00436887840.00443707660.00435134850.00412725240.00377378470.0031567816
5050.00306914090.00324014180.00350233350.00370168070.00386180270.00393574350.00383996750.00360015810.0030917183
5100.00240941840.00257338270.00284261030.00307103310.003290240.00349079810.00351408840.0033920550.0030079113
5150.00195335280.0021056560.00236661870.00260274680.00285109330.0031329760.00324631840.00322361730.0029542426
5200.00184269610.00199673670.00226518620.00251428410.00278550050.00311632430.00327828630.003305760.0030869435
5250.0017560180.00191001730.00218060520.00243472870.00271596140.00307037220.00325771320.00331346030.0031270197
5300.00164259950.00179449830.00206429880.00232174030.00261278590.00299505930.0032156640.00331104720.0031732395
5350.00153568050.00168494870.00195273090.00221200570.00251089350.00291826040.00317091510.00330642260.0032205705
5400.00142637140.00157173490.00183495860.00209333050.00239664440.00282431840.00310652790.00328203530.0032523542
5450.00129080460.00142908360.0016822410.00193476850.00223763360.00268185650.00299564290.00321935020.0032650013
5500.00113959160.00126762440.00150447780.00174438650.00203802450.00248501090.00282071380.00308718970.0032122025
5550.00105284110.00117604280.00140576640.00164118290.00193384460.00239225290.00275280640.00306124810.0032601884
5600.00098708720.00110667290.00133087230.00156248220.0018535220.00231846250.00269581790.00303469740.0032912618
5650.00092663380.00104251230.00126070280.00148754680.00177503650.00224153380.00262959360.00299122060.00329575
5700.00083375310.00094104530.00114366060.00135520650.00162480250.00206664610.00243985340.00279538940.0031124889
5750.00073201630.00082921550.00101361970.00120746420.00145674740.00187209210.00223196610.0025875710.002934408
5800.00061502870.00069894950.00085859240.00102706030.00124480440.00161085170.00193225910.00225570910.0025843817
5850.00048956620.0005586860.00069105830.00083215080.00101698550.00133552640.00162617050.00193495590.0022883655
5900.00038908920.00044559210.00055422660.00067069120.00082445390.0010932590.00134394880.00161850990.0019531727
5950.00030706690.00035300390.00044178510.00053771210.00066571680.00089400720.00111363840.00136495640.0016999877
6000.00022544570.00026009340.00032732210.0004003940.00049869160.00067667460.00085197820.0010592970.0013544779
6050.00018965290.00021938250.00027708440.00033982210.00042424620.00057717320.00072785050.0009060620.0011596499
6100.00018023740.0002090830.00026513350.00032617960.0004085190.00055832890.00070696310.0008845090.0011422783
6150.00017347430.00020174660.00025667380.00031647760.00039710030.00054362950.00068874380.00086161150.0011111668
6200.00016447550.00019178110.00024484050.00030262440.00038054480.0005222210.00066260460.00082994610.0010718066
6250.00015598530.00018233990.00023354180.00028928340.00036440820.00050084040.00063575660.00079609490.0010263737
6300.00014795640.00017339580.00022281790.00027661590.00034910480.00048067950.0006106650.00076490690.0009857077
6350.00013985370.00016432110.00021185830.00026360660.00033333330.00045987960.00058485930.00073307760.0009449793
6400.00013239260.00015596630.00020178610.0002516940.00031899160.0004412960.00056233580.00070629310.0009132748
6450.00012373340.00014616080.00018978370.00023734850.00030157670.00041860970.00053490580.00067401830.000876346
6500.00011558660.00013687980.00017829230.00022343650.00028437230.00039530970.0005053810.0006367410.000826856
6550.0001035760.0001229740.00016070950.00020185770.00025741870.00035862470.00045910990.00057912630.0007530556
6600.00009166470.00010910790.00014304280.00018004730.00023001080.00032100010.0004112930.00051903220.0006748156
6650.00008566140.00010219310.00013432260.00016930220.00021642150.00030183410.00038595660.00048523740.0006256128
6700.00008188960.00009792240.00012906360.00016293350.00020849130.00029083220.00037154330.00046613910.000598014
6750.0000785820.00009422660.00012464840.0001577930.00020248130.00028361740.0003637190.0004585640.0005935421
6800.00007416350.00008917220.000118390.0001502760.00019336620.00027194480.000350060.00044347050.0005790742
6850.00006954820.00008386270.00011177570.00014231510.00018373210.00025977560.00033619370.00042900570.0005680253
6900.00006422450.00007766620.00010392310.00013272750.00017193740.00024444950.00031816070.00040917760.0005501331
6950.00005813330.0000704950.00009467480.00012125540.00015754190.00022501960.00029421870.00038075340.0005182361
7000.00005107550.00006210280.00008369520.00010746920.00013999590.00020073760.00026344730.00034262480.000470881
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SeaWiFS empirical OC4 algorithm for Chl-a; Called a maximum-band ratio alg.
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Flying
Miles G. Logsdon, University of Washington, School of Oceanography, [email protected]