introduction to smart materials
DESCRIPTION
Introduction to smart materials and their applications in engineering. How to prepare MR (Magnetrorheological) fluids at home? What are Shape Memory Alloys? What are Piezoelectric materials? #WikiCourses https://wikicourses.wikispaces.com/Topic04+Smart+MaterialsTRANSCRIPT
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Smart Materials and their Applications in Engineering
Dr. Mohammad Tawfik
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Smart Material: What?
• Controlled change in properties– Change in mechanical properties (MR fluids, SMA)– Change in geometry (Piezoelectric, SMA)
• Energy Converters!– Mechanical Electrical (Piezoelectric)– Heat Mechanical (SMA)– Mechanical Heat (Viscoelastic)– Etc…
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Smart Materials: Why?
• Vibration Damping• Shape Control• Noise Reduction• Vibration/Damage Sensing• Heat Sensing
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Smart Structures: Classification
Wada, Fanson, and Crawly
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Magnetorheological Fluids
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MR Fluids
How do they work?• Externally applied magnetic field
in a direction normal to the fluid flow direction form dipoles in the iron particles
• Magnetic poles start attracting each others to the direction of the field, hence forming chains
• The chains then form a skeleton within the fluid, which gains the fluid controllable yield stress
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Why MR technology?
Mix them and you are done!
Required Materials to synthesize an MR fluid:
• Lithium grease General purpose oil
Micron-sized iron particles
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MR Fluids
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Rabinow and Winslow 1950’s
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MR Damper Fabrication
Prototype Damper
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Seat Shock Absorbers
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Seat Shock Absorbers
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Shape Memory Alloy
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Shape Memory Alloy
• Change mechanical properties with the change of temperature
• Regain original shape when heated!
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Application
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SMA Embedding
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Other Applications
• Dental Fillings• Artificial Joints• Heat Valves• Eye-glasses!
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Shape Memory Alloys
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Piezoelectric Materials
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Piezoelectric Material
• Electric Field Mechanical Strain : Actuator• Mechanical Stresses Electrical Potential
Field : Sensor
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Basic Properties
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Piezo-Fiber Composites
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Active/Macro Fiber Composites
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Energy Harvesters
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MEMS Power Generation
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Backpack Power Generator
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Ionic Polymer Metal CompositeIPMC
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IPMC
• New Material• Shape is controlled by electric field• Designed on the molecule level (NANO
technology)
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Slow and Fast!
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Thank you for your attention!