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Rowing Officials Training
Introduction to the sport of rowing
and duties of umpires
SAROC 2014
Presented by
Chris Barratt
Selwyn Jackson
South African Schools’ Boat Race
5th December 2014
Agenda
Background to rowing
Progression of officials
Structure of RowSA
SA Rowing Officials Commission (SAROC)
Role of officials
Duties of officials
Pilot duties and radio protocol
Background to Rowing
First Oxford/Cambridge Race in 1829
First Henley Royal Regatta in 1839
Olympic Sport since 1896
549 athletes at the London Olympic Regatta
14 events and 206 boats from 58 nations
FISA (International Rowing Federation) - first
International Sport Federation
First rowing race in South Africa 1861
Ultimate Team Sport
Progression of Officials
Theory training workshop (one session)
Trainee official participating in regattas
Write exam- pass mark 75%
Complete practical exam
Intermediate official
National official in specific role (e.g. judge at the finish,
control commission, aligner if preferred)
National Umpire
FISA Umpire
Structure of RowSA
Constituent members
SASRU(SA Schools
Rowing Union)
USSA-R(University Sport
South Africa- Rowing)
PROVINCIAL
ASSOCIATIONSGauteng
Western Cape
Eastern Cape
Kwa Zulu Natal
SAJCRA(SA Junior Club
Rowing Association)
6
President (Chairman)
PROVINCIAL ASSOCIATIONS SASRU : 3 (+3 Alternates) USSAR : 2 (+2 Alternates) SAJCRA: 1
2 (+ 2 Alternates) / Affiliated Association
RowSA Council
CHAIR
Sean Kerr
FACILITIES
CHAIR
(vacant)
ATHLETES
CHAIR
(Ramon Di Climente)
INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION
(Paulo Cavalieri)
FINANCIAL
TREASURER
SAROC
CHAIR
Herman van
Velze
Constituent members each nominate one representative
EXCO COMPOSITION
Coaches
Commision
CHAIR
7
SAROC: Rules of Racing and Safety
Apply, review and update the rules of racing
Maintain and review safety standards
Develop and disseminate official’s training manual
National examinations and evaluate trainees
Maintain register of national officials
Organise and conduct seminars
Establish standards for rowing courses
Ensure that National/ National Championship Regattas
are run by national officials
Co-ordinate National Regatta Programme
Interact with FISA, SASCOC and Drug Free Sport
SAROC Code of Conduct
As a Rowing official I have the duty to provide all participating athletes a quality and fair sporting experience in a friendly, supportive, instructive and safe environment
To achieve this I will:
• know latest version of the RowSA Rules of Racing
• be punctual, reliable, impartial and unbiased
• behave appropriately and show respect and tolerance to all.
• contribute in a constructive manner, respect other persons rights
and dignity
• not engage in aggressive behaviour of any kind (verbal or physical)
• take good care of all property assigned to me
• be sensitive to the needs of all athletes
• take responsible action to ensure the safety of all concerned
Officials Primary Responsibilities
SAFETY, SAFETY, SAFETY
FAIRNESS, FAIRNESS, FAIRNESS
EQUAL RACING
ORDERLY RUNNING OF THE REGATTA
ENSURE ENJOYMENT FOR ROWERS
ADHERENCE TO SAMSA REGULATIONS
Fairness definition
All rowers shall compete fairly, showing respect
for their opponents and for the regatta officials.
In particular,
• be at the start on time
• follow instructions of the officials at all times,
both on and off the water.
Officials shall
• ensure Rules of Racing applied fairly
• atmosphere of respect to all competitors.
11
SAROC Publications• Rules of Racing: Published document and regularly
updated – rowsa.co.za
• Rowing officials Handbook: Detailed practical guide
dealing with safety and role of officials
• SAROC has reviewed and published a number of safety
guidelines for the rowing community. Publications that
are featured on the RowSA website are:
– SAMSA boat safety requirements
– SAROC safety officer guidelines
– Regatta disaster management plan
– Rowing pilots course
– RowSA safety guidelines
ALIGNER
FINISH
START
12
34
56
START ZONE
100m
JUDGE AT
THE FINISH
CONTROL
COMMISSION
JETTIES
HO
LDIN
G A
REA
AT TH
E START
Crews on th
eir
way to th
e start
UMPIRE
STARTER
Duties of Officials
Regatta
Control
Contents of Rules of Racing
1. General
2. Definitions
3. Scope
4. Athletes and racing (Rules 1 to 8)
5. Regattas and officials (Rules 9 to 12)
6. Appendices
14
Control Commission
The Organisation controlling entry and exit of
the crews and boats to the water for
competition and training
Responsible for the implementation and
monitoring of all rules relating to the eligibility of
boats, safety checks and crews and athletes
All boats and crews need to be checked by
Control Commission – compulsory
Control Commission -“Customer Service”
Administration centre of the regatta and launch control
Crew changes and withdrawals
Weighing of coxswain, lightweight crews and boats
Check Bow Ball – Why?
Solid ball not less than 40mm made of rubber or durable material
Firmly attached to boat
In good condition without tape or strapping
Check footboards and heel straps should – Why?
Not allow the heel to lift more than 7cm
Independently restrained
Innovation: shoes that engage in the footstrecher via a binding system
Athletes need to demonstrate that they can remove their feet from the
shoes without the use of their hands
Control Commission Buoyancy compartment
Hatches and vent plugs in place and fitted correctly
Steering mechanism
Rudder, fin and lines can freely move
Lane number
Affixed to the boat before leaving the jetty
Composition of the crew, and the provision of substitutes for
competitors who are injured after the first heat of their event
Ensure compliance to rules regarding dress code, lane numbers,
and coxswain weights.
Monitor launching of crews and liaise with other functions
Notification of health conditions
• Club rep must inform Control Commission
who will inform umpire of race
• Each competitor is responsible for own
health and fitness
18
Doping Control
• Duties of official at control commission:– advise the rower of their selection
– assist the rower to contact either the coach or person identified
by the rower to accompany him/her to the doping control station
– introduce the rower to the responsible person at the doping
control station
• Doping tests are conducted by SAIDS
• Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUEs) handled by
SAIDS
19
Classes of boat
Boat and equipment construction
Weighing of boats
Official boat weighing procedure
Rule 1 : Boats and Equipment
Know your Boat
±70mm
Full travel
Know your Boat (Continued)
Boat Classes
Boat Classes (Continued)
Mass - 98kg
Weights of Boats
Weight of boat is Sole responsibility of the crew
Boat weighing AFTER the race
Selection of boats on random draw basis, No adding of weights of speakers, cables etc. These are now considered part of the boat
Notify crew that boat must be weighed and accompany them to boat weighing area
Does not include removable items
Cox box, stroke coaches, bow number etc.
Anything that can easily be removed must be removed
Items used to measure performance of the athletes or boat are not included
Inform crews when boat is lifted out of the water
Rowers may wet shoes to add weight
Rule 2: Rowers, Coxswains and coaches
Coxswain: Only J19 and all senior classes
Weight kg (minimum): Men - 55 / Women - 50 / Adaptive - 50
Max ballast for Juniors = 15 kg , Seniors = 10 kg : Only steel
shot/lead shot or sand NO water in bottles and bricks
Lightweight men avg 70 kg / max of single rower = 72 ,5kg
Lightweight women avg 57 kg/ max of single rower = 59kg .
Weigh in = Between 1-2 hours prior to first race every day of
the Regatta
Breach of weight specification for coxswain =
exclusion
Responsibility of club rep or coach to inform
Control Commission of ANY medical condition that
may put rower at risk during a race
The coxswain of a junior school shall be a scholar.
School crews must be coxed by a scholar in the
same age category or up to two categories younger
Coxswain is a member of the crew
Rowers and Coxswains
ALIGNER
FINISH
START
12
34
56
START ZONE
100m
JUDGE AT
THE FINISH
CONTROL
COMMISSION
JETTIES
HO
LDIN
G A
REA
AT TH
E START
Crews on th
eir
way to th
e start
UMPIRE
STARTER
Duties of Officials - Aligner
Regatta
Control
Judge at Start/Aligners
Primary role is to ensure that boats are aligned to
ensure fair racing and keeping regatta on time.
Note scratching and late entries
Check crews that arrive at start.
Only official that can call a false start
Back Up time keeper
Monitor Safety i.e. traffic violations
Aligning Procedure
(Abreast Racing)
TOUCH (distance)
to move a crew up the course towards the finish line
BACK (distance)
to move a crew down the course away from the finish line
HOLD IT to make a crew stop
ALIGNER
FINISH
START
12
34
56
START ZONE
100m
JUDGE AT
THE FINISH
CONTROL
COMMISSION
JETTIES
HO
LDIN
G A
REA
AT TH
E START
Crews on th
eir
way to th
e start
UMPIRE
STARTER
Duties of Officials - Umpire
Regatta
Control
Traffic RulesOrganising Committee must publish with their
Regatta Notice
Display clearly at the venue
Traffic rules for racing must cover crews
• moving to the start
• returning from the finish
• crossing of the course,
• warm up and cool down areas
• return path for boats missing races and sent
being sent back to the jetties
Warm-up Area
Jetty to Start
Route for boats sent back to the Jetties
from the Start
Start
Clubhouse
Boathouses
Wemmer Pan Racing Rules
Returning crews MUST stop before Buoy and check course before crossing
Turning Buoys in Warm-up Area
Turning Buoy in Warm-up Area.Warm-up Circuit comes into force
when buoy placed
Ho
ldin
gA
rea
HoldingArea
Crews may only cross course with
permission of aligner
Umpire/Starter
Starter Role:
- Announce race and marshal crews
- Call crews. Club name, stroke name and lane number
- Hand over to Judge at Start/ Aligner
Umpire /Starter
Starter Role (Continued):
In case of BAD Weather (Strong wind) when aligning
is difficult - use a Rolling start
Rolling Start: Umpires decision but the same start procedure
must be used for all races in the same event
Inform Crews in that specific event
Rolling Start
Procedure
Red Flag waist high
When crews close to start line, without
stopping the crews – Raise the white flag
Aligner Command: “Prepare to Race”
Umpire Command: “Attention Go”
Umpire
Responsible for the conduct of the race once the Starter has started
the race.
Understand the traffic rules and local rules as published in the
regatta notice and displayed at the venue
Check all equipment supplied and review radio protocol
GOLDEN RULE:
- (1) Rower’s Safety is your MAIN Concern
- (2) Each competitor must be afforded an
equal chance of winning
Umpire
Call crews from holding area and assign lanes according to
the regatta program
After Command “Go” – ensure that white flag is used
unless race is to be stopped
Immediately follow crews in the middle of the course
Instruct pilot on boat positioning
Keep all crews from clear from wake even laggards
Crews are allowed to leave their lanes as long as this does
not interfere with other boats
Start Zone (100m)
• Breakage is no longer accepted
• If an interference or clash occurred within
the first 100 m, the umpire shall stop the
race and may issue a warning to the
offending crew
39
Umpire actions during a race During the Race
- Never steer a crew BUT must call a crew if about to interfere
with another crew or obstruction ahead of crew.
- If 2 crews are called – Name both crews, raise flag
VERTICALLY with the command KEEP APART
- In the event of a potential collision use the command STOP
ROWING (naming crew)
- After crew stopped - can start rowing again after umpire
drops flag directly forward with the command
“CONTINUE ROWING”
If re-row ordered (if Umpire decides that result is in doubt because
of interference not all crews re-row. Only those whose placing is in
doubt)
Capsizing of Boats during Race
or Rower in distress
Abandon Race – Call Rescue
Procedure if boat capsize:
If it seems that some crew
members have dived to retrieve
equipment such as slides or
shoes, try to go around the boat
and make your approach from the
bow to avoid injury to submerged
rowers. It is unlikely that
equipment would disperse in front
of the boat.
Only make a direct
approach to the boat if all
crew members can be seen
and you are sure that there
are no crewmen under the
water who could be injured
by your propeller.
Make sure that the prop is
disengaged when in close
proximity to boat while crew
is in the water.
Do head count check
before closing in on
the boat
UmpireAt Finish:
- Wait approx 10 to 15 seconds to determine if objection
is raised
- Ascertain the reason for the objection
- Uphold or overrule
- Advise crew of decision
- Consult with relevant officials should that be required
- Advise regatta control on the decision
Red FlagWhite Flag
Penalties
• Philosophy (avoidance of being prescriptive)
• Types of penalties
– warning (yellow card)
– exclusion (red card)
– disqualification
– relegation to last place (underweight boats)
43
ALIGNER
FINISH
START
12
34
56
START ZONE
100m
JUDGE AT
THE FINISH
CONTROL
COMMISSION
JETTIES
HO
LDIN
G A
REA
AT TH
E START
Crews on th
eir
way to th
e start
UMPIRE
STARTER
Duties of Officials - Finish
Regatta
Control
Judge at the Finish/Timekeepers
• Primary role to Record finishing order of
crews and record time for each crew
– “Hoot” when crew crosses line
– Note and record lane number
– Acknowledge Umpire’s clearing of race
(2 Hoots or White flag)
– Hold results if Umpire does not clear race
– Sign result sheets
Finish Tower Stresses
Missing the Start.
- Check with Aligner for Back-up time
- Get count down
- If no time on race and progression event
notify Umpire to stop race if possible.
Dead Heats
Heads Races and lane numbers
Abbreviations
• DNF – Did Not Finish
• DNS – Did Not Start
• DSQ – Disqualified
• EXC – Excluded
• BUW – Boat Under Weight
• DNA – Data Not Available
ALIGNER
FINISH
START
12
34
56
START ZONE
100m
JUDGE AT
THE FINISH
CONTROL
COMMISSION
JETTIES
HO
LDIN
G A
REA
AT TH
E START
Crews on th
eir
way to th
e start
UMPIRE
STARTER
Duties of Officials – Regatta Control
Regatta
Control
President of the Jury
• Primary Responsibility to coordinate
smooth running of the regatta
– Allocate revised start times
– Authorise “Holding” of Races
– Monitor On Land and Water Rescue/Medical
services
– Monitor weather conditions –lightning detector
– Convene Jury meetings in case of a Protest
– Participate in Fairness Committee
President of the Jury 2
• Prepare Regatta Report
– Regatta Master Sheet
• Crew changes
• Start times
• All sanctions (Yellow cards, exclusions etc)
– Record incidents, Objections, Protests and
Appeals
Adverse weather conditions
Local Championship/Local Regattas - President of Jury
consult with Chair of OC
National Championship/National Regattas - Fairness
Committee
Alternatives at National Regattas:
(a) Use lanes that offer most equal conditions
(b) Delay – either later or next day
(c) Start racing earlier than previously announced
(d) Re-allocate lanes – crews with better placings in better lanes
(e) Time-trial system- per heat
Objections, Protests and Appeals Crew’s responsibility to object after the completion of the race
Umpire makes a ruling and communicates to the regatta control
Protests must be lodged by Club representative
President of Jury must evaluate protest and decide whether a
decision can be made or Hearing is necessary
Bye-law to Rule 11-3 Protest Hearing Procedure:
- Hearing can only commence after all parties had opportunity to study
written protest statement
- Each crew named or involved in protest have right to one representative
(may not be a witness)
- If protest involves only interpretation of the Rules of Racing - no witnesses
- Witnesses will only be present while they are giving testimony
- If disputes of fact evidence to be heard
- Representatives may request a question to be asked by the Jury
Appeal process
• Executive committee of the controlling
authority of the regatta adjudicates
• Appeals must be in writing directly after a
decision has been announced
• Decisions are final
– Cannot appeal to RowSA
53
Umpire’s Pilot
Umpire’s second pair of eyes and hands
- Look out for obstacles and traffic violations
- Keep and eye on the crews during the progression of the
race and inform Umpire of concerns
- Observe all “hand signal requests” from Umpire
- Listen to the radio should umpire be called
In control of Radio at the Start and during the race
- Announce race to Finish tower: Race number, event and
Umpire ID, change over to channel 3
- Announce “Flag Up” when start is eminent
- Announce “Stand down” when aligning has cause for delay
- Announce “Flag Up” when start is eminent again
- Hold radio open to transmit start to Finish Tower
Umpire’s Pilot
Both craft yield to starboard
(right-hand side).
100 metres
Basic Boat Piloting SkillsOn the Water in General and in a
Regatta
“How to approach an oncoming race”
Stop !
Well
ahead of
race
Turn
90o
Then
idle off
course
When race past
return to centre
and increase
speed
Basic Boat Piloting Skills“DO NOT turn boat whilst under power
on the course”
Basic Boat Piloting Skills“DO NOT cross course at speed”
Basic Boat Piloting Skills“Position when following a Race”
Watch your wake does
not affect tail-enders
unless there is potential
for clashes in leading
boats
Radio Protocol Guidelines of Use:
1. Use only when necessary
2. Identify who you are calling then identify yourself. Eg: President of the Jury – Umpire ABC reply is – President Go.
3. Listen before you speak - Wait until previous call has ended before you call your station
4. Keep it short and simple – speak slowly and precisely avoid
getting exited - you become unintelligible.5. Stay off the air during emergencies
Don'ts- Critique officials over the radio
- Don’t engage in unnecessary chatter
Course
QUESTIONS
?????????
Don’t forget ...
Please help with equipment
before and after regattas
63
Please help with equipment
64
Always approach the slipway slowly and
with caution and preferably in Reverse!
65
Have Fun
Thank you for attending