ion of healthcare system in various countries

8/3/2019 ion of Healthcare System in Various Countries

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COMPARING HEALTH

CARE SYSTEMS

PRESENTED BY:

SUJATA INGALE

ARPANA TIWARI

ANUJ SINGH

SIDDHARTH KISHAN


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PRESENTATION FLOW

Health scenario of India

Health care system in UK

Health care system in AUSTRALIA

Health care system in NEWZEALAND

Health care system in SWEDEN

Health care system in CANADA

Comparison in health system


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Why study different systems?

Understanding the approaches

used by other countries mayprovide important clues toassessing our own system.


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Characteristics of Indian HealthSystem

Complex mixed health system

- Publicly financed government

health system

- Fee-levying private health sector


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Central Ministriesof Health and

Family Welfare

State Ministries ofHealth and Family

Welfare

District HealthTeams

Administrative Structure


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Spending on Health

Annually over 150,000 crores or US$34 billion,which is 6% of GDP (Government spending onhealth Is only 0.9% of GDP)

Out of this only 15 % is publicly financed 4% fromsocial insurance, 1% by private insuranceremaining 80% is out of pocket spending ( 85% ofwhich goes in private sector)

Only 15% of the population is in organised sectorand has some sort of social security the rest isleft to the mercy of the market


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UK

HEALTH

CARE


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Health System Overview

BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SYSTEM

National Health Service Act 1948based

on post-World War II. British NHS: National Health Service, first

comprehensive, nationalized healthcare

program. Highly centralize management and finance

Patients choose their provider

Providers can have public & privateractices


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Organization structure


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Economic Factors

Revenues 83% NHS funding from taxes

13% from employer-employee contributions

4% User fees

Expenditures

NHS accounts for 88% of health expenditures Private Insurance (SI) 4% of expenditures

~3/4 of NHS budget goes to workforce salaries

1/10th of NHS budget goes for drugs


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Current Issues in the UK

Aging population

High cost of advanced technology and its

impact on tight budgets Increased incidence of serious and

expensive to treat diseases (cancer,

HIV/AIDS) On-going problems with long queues and

rationing

NURSES SHORTAGE


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HEALTHCARE SYSTEM OF AUSTRALIA


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Health services delivery1

Public services - national health programs,community health centres, public hospitals

2 Private services -Most General practitioner

services, dental services, allied health services

3

Mixed (public and private providers) - Specialistservices, physiotherapist, dietician,home nursingprograms, rehabilitation, palliative care services


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Financing of health care:


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Problems faced by australiahealth system todayageing

population

population

isprojectedto grow

Chronicdisease

Costshave

increased

Workforceshortages


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HEALTH SYSTEM INNEW ZEALAND

t t


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ea t ystem ew ea an


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Health System NewZealand

National Government

Ministry of Health (MOH)

Policy, funding, monitoring

Crown Funding agreements with DHBs

Pharmaceutical Scheme Disability funding/services for under 65

Contracts with DHBs targets


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HEALTH SYSTEM INSWEDEN


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HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURE


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Healthcare systeminCanada


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Overview of Canadian healthcare

systemCanada provides universal

access to healthcare to 33.2

billion. Healthcare is guided by

provisions of Canadian HealthAct.

The government assures the

quality of care through federal


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Canadian healthcare system is

delivered through a mixture of:-

Public

hospitals physicians

Mixed

goodsandservices

Private goods &

services. dental


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Healthcare systems inCanada


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Financing comes fromTax revenues from

Provincial, territorial &Fed. Govt.

Patient out of pocket,

Copayments.

Private

Insurance

Social insurance funds,

such as workers compensation

& charitable donations.

70%

15%

12%

3%


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Systems Challenges

Canada struggles with administrativeefficiency and service quality.

The median wait time in Canada to see a specialphysician is a little over four weeks with 89.5%waiting less than 90 days.

The median wait time for diagnostic services suchas MRI and CAT scans is two weeks with 86.4%waiting less than 90 days.

The median wait time for surgery is four weeks with82.2% waiting less than 90 days.


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Comparison of health

systems with Indianhealth system


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What India can learn from othercountries?

From UK national coverage

control over private health care sector

increase in GDP expenditure on health

health manpower(nurses): talent to bepreserved

use of advanced technology

Wh t L


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What can we Learnfrom New Zealand? Features to consider

Strong National Drug Program Better engagement of aboriginal people Primary Health Organizations

Implications for India Promotion of public health services Increase R& D investment in Pharmas Promote insurance policy Organize decentralize health body (District

Health Boards)


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What can we learn fromSweden? Features to consider

Serving a much older population at less cost Strong Primary Care System using teams National protection program for user fees GP,

Hospital, Drug services Very strong community services housing, home

help

Implications for India

Major investment in community services Lower compensation levels for health

professionals Much higher income tax rates


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What we can learn from theCanadian system?

single most important component of the Canadiansystem is its universality.

Universal programs are better able to assure qualityfor all by extending the service to socially powerfulgroupings.

Canadian experience also shows how quickly thingscan move once things get started.

Canadian model of national health care are usefulbecause they show us concretely that change ispossible.

single payer system must be placed at both thenational as well as the state level.

Wh t l f


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What can we learn fromAustralia?

Australia is dedicated to the development of a lifetime

electronic health record for all its citizens.HealthConnect is the major national EHR initiative inAustralia, and is made up of territory, state, andfederal governments. MediConnect is a related

program that provides an electronic medication recordto keep track of patient prescriptions and providestakeholders with drug alerts to avoid errors inprescribing.

Although Australia has invested a significant amountof money into the computerization of its healthcaresector, it has run into a number of problems, includingthose associated with fragmentation, scalability, and

inaccessibility.

C ti H lth S t


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Comparative Health SystemsNEWZEA

SWEDEN U.K AUSTRALIA

CANADA INDIA

Population 4 MIL 9 MIL 60 MIL 21 mil 33.2 MIL 1169 MIL

Population

Over 60(%)

12 % 19 % 16% 12 % 12.6 % 7.3 %

% GNP* 9.3 % 8.4 % 7.7 % 9.3% 10.9 % 6%

Per

CapHealth

Exp*($US)

$2,016 $2,594 $2,031 $2,699 $4,196 40.3

% Public* 67.5% 85.3% 83.4% 67.5% 69.9% 26.2%

% Private* 32.5% 14.7% 16.6% 32.5% 30.1% 75.8%


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Comparison of health manpower

COUNTR DOCTOR(PER1000 POPUL)

BEDS (PER1000 POP.)

NURSE(PER1000 POP.)

MIDWIVES(PER 1000 POP.)

CANADA 2.1 3.8 9.9 0.63

NEWZEALAND

2.25 8.0 8.5 0.56

SWEDEN 3.08 2.5 8.21 0.7

U.K 2.8 2.7 8.8 0.5

AUSTRALIA 2.5 4.4 10.7 0.6

INDIA 0.7 8.9 0.8 0.47


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Thank You

ion of healthcare system in various countries

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