iop pgs conference: stability of colour photographs in mixed archives
TRANSCRIPT
CENTRE FOR SUSTAINABLE HERITAGECENTRE FOR SUSTAINABLE HERITAGE
Stability of Colour Photographs in Mixed Archives
Ann FenechUCL Centre for Sustainable Heritage
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THE ARCHIVAL ENVIRONMENTLooking at what causes change
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The Archival Environment
What materials are stored in boxes?
What are the public service standards expected?
Information it contains99% of original record
available within 60mins
How is the material to be archived chosen?
75% paper,0.7% photographs
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Environmental Conditions in Archives
?
Temperature
Relative Humidity
Pollutants
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Outdoor-Generated Pollutants
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The Archival EnvironmentFa
cto
rs A
ffec
tin
g St
abili
ty
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The Archival Environment: Pollutants
External Environment Repository Archival Boxes0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
Concentr
ation (
ppb)
Ozone
Nitrogen Monoxide
Nitrogen Dioxide
Sulphur Dioxide
tVOCs
Acetic Acid
Volatile Aldehydes
Formaldehyde
Fenech A, Strlič M, Cigid IK, Levart A, Gibson LT, de Bruin G, Ntanos K, Kolar J, Cassar M (2010) ‘Volatile Aldehydes in Libraries and Archives’ Atmospheric Environment 44(17): 2067-2073
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Materials ResearchLooking at Change
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Monitoring Degradation
Non-destructive Monitoring of Dye Concentrations
Identified RGB as the best colour system to monitor changes in dye concentrations
Colourimetry
Compared spectroscopic data of individual dyes extracted from a photograph to colorimetric data obtained prior to extraction
Chromatography
Developed methodology for extracting and separating photographic dyes
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Control Acetic Acid Formaldehyde Nitrogen dioxide
-0.04
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.11
0.12
Rate
of C
hange
R
G
B
Control Acetic Acid Formaldehyde Nitrogen dioxide
-0.04
-0.02
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
Rate
of C
hange
R
G
BControl Acetic Acid Formaldehyde Nitrogen dioxide-0.04
-0.02
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
Rate
of C
hange
R
G
B
1998, unknown
2000, Fujifilm
2005, Kodak
Conditions of AgeingClosed vial ageingTemperature: 80 °CRH: 60%Pollutant: 250 ppb
Rate of Change (Day-1)
Effect of Pollutants
Fenech A, Strlič M, Degano I, Cassar M. ‘Stability of Chromogenic Prints in Mixed Archives’ Polymer Degradation and Stability (in print)
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Environmental Conditions in Archives
?
Temperature
Relative Humidity
Pollutants
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Experimental Methodologies
Traditional Experimentation Statistical Experimental Design
k=f(x)+f(y)+f(z) k=f(x, y, z)
x varied; y and z constanty varied; x and z constantz varied; x and y constant
z
y
x
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Multi-Parametric Studies
*
@ 80 °C
ΔE
RG
B/y
ear
Fenech A, Strlič M, Ntanos K, Bell N, Cassar M. ‘Lifetime of Chromogenic Colour Photographs in Mixed Archival Collections’ in ICOM-CC 16th triennial Meeting Preprints, Lisbon (submitted)
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Values ResearchLooking at how change is perceived
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Values Research
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Value Analysis
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 1001
2
3
4
5
Kodak, 1994, EoUL: ~35 y
Unknown, 1974, EoUL: ~55 y
Kodak, 1973, EoUL: ~32 y
Ca
teg
orisa
tio
n S
co
re
YearsFenech A, Strlič M, Ntanos K, Bell N, Cassar M. ‘Lifetime of Chromogenic Colour Photographs in
Mixed Archival Collections’ in ICOM-CC 16th triennial Meeting Preprints, Lisbon (submitted)
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Accelerated degradation experiments under different environmental conditions to investigate image stability
Non-destructive material characterisation using colorimetry
Lifetime determination based on value considerations determined by stakeholder input
Environmental monitoring at TNA to identify the most abundant
pollutants
Collection Modelling
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THANK YOU
Supervisors: Matija Strlič, Nancy Bell
Contact: [email protected]
http://www.ucl.ac.uk/sustainableheritage