ipcgrid conference, march 30, 2018 time sync for iec 61850 ... · march 30, 2018 slide 2 uca iec...

IPCGRID CONFERENCE, MARCH 30 , 20 18

Time sync f or IEC 61850 solut ions Convent iona l p ro t ect ion and t es t ing us ing UCA IEC 61850 -9-2LE Galina S. Ant onova , Technica l Sa les Eng ineer

IEC 61850-9-2, UCA 9-2LE and IEC 61869-9/ 13 The Concept of t he Merging Unit

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 2

UCA IEC 61850 -9-2LE Implement at ion Agreement • 80 s am p les p er p ower cycle • 1 4-p has e current • 1 4-p has e vo lt ag e • 1 PPS t ime synchronizat ion

IEC 61850 -9 St andard s p ecifies Dynam ic MU b ehavior

• Includ es -9-2LE as one p rofile • Variab le s am p le ra t es • More current s / vo lt ag es in a MU St ream • Time sync over Et hernet – IEC/ IEEE 61850-9-3

St andard Int eroperable Solut ion

MU = Merging Unit Hybrid solut ions are possible

Clock Drif t and Time Inaccuracy

Log t ime

Tim

e In

accu

racy

100 ns

1 µs

10 µs

10 0 µs

1 m s

10 m s

Typ ica l GPS Erro r when s ynced

Des ired accuracy fo r Sam p led Va lues and Synchrop has ors

Ab out 0 .25 d eg ree s ynchrop has or e rro r – no ap p lica t ion is s ues

2.5 d eg ree e rro r - ad eq ua t e fo r check s ync; SE is s ues

Clock Synced Clock Drift ing

Ad eq ua t e fo r ±1m s SOE and os cilla t ion ang les

Poor Seq uence o f Event s , SOE

Source : Revis ion of IEEE C37.238-20 11 p res ent a t ion b y IEEE PSCC TF P1, IEEE JTC m eet ing , January 20 18

“The chos en p rio rit y fo r focus o f t his p ro ject was t o p erform a p re -com m ercia l d em ons t ra t ion in a lab ora t o ry o f t he Int e rna t iona l Elect ro t echnica l Com m is s ion (IEC) 61850 s t and ard , wit h s p ecific em p has is on g eneric ob ject -o rient ed s ub s t a t ion event (GOOSE) and s am p led va lue (SV) m es s ag es . The d em ons t ra t ion work com p ared t he res ult s t o current p ro t ect ive re lay p ract ice and p erform ance . This p ro ject a ls o exam ined t he p ros and cons o f IEC 61850 , inves t ig a t ed vend or int e rop erab ilit y is s ues , and recom m end a t ions on com m ercia l ad op t ion. “

Elect ric Prog ram Inves t m ent Charg e (EPIC)-2 Pro ject 1 Case 1: Convent ional prot ect ion using GOOSE and Sampled Values

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 4

Elect ric Program Invest ment Charge (EPIC)-2 Pro ject 1 Overall Syst em Diagram

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 5 Source : EPIC-2 Pro ject 1 Rep ort , Decem b er 20 17

RTDS Model and Fault locat ions

March 30, 2018 Slide 6 Source: EPIC-2 Project 1 Report , December 2017

Overall Net work Diagram


St at ion Bus Dat a Flow


Process Bus #1 Dat a Flow


Merging Unit Analog and Digit al Connect ions


• Breaker Failure Protect ion (50BF) • Line dif ferent ial Protect ion (87L) • Line Dist ance and Direct ional Overcurrent Protect ion (21 & 50/ 51) • High Volt age (HV) Bus Overcurrent Dif ferent ial Protect ion (87B – 50/ 51) • HV Bu s Rest rained Current Dif ferent ial Protect ion (87B) • HV Bus High Impedance Dif ferent ial Protect ion (87B-HIZ) • Transformer Rest rained Current Dif ferent ial Protect ion (87T) • Transformer Overcurrent Protect ion (50/ 51T) • Line Frequency and Volt age Protect ion (81, 27, and 59)

Cases used for t est ing – Process Bus # 1 EPIC-2 Project prot ect ion applicat ions

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 11

• Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) used for t ime synchronizat ion at IEC 61850 Stat ion Bus – 1ms t ime accuracy

• Init ially t he relays ‘s hardware t ime synchronizat ion was set for elect rical IRIG-B. No valid samples were received. Protect ion funct ions were blocked.

• UCA IEC 61850-9-2LE Implementat ion Agreement specif ies 1 PPS as t ime synchronizat ion source. Opt ical 1 PPS is recommended t o achieve 4-1us t ime accuracy

• Elect rical t o opt ical 1PPS convert ers were added, relays were reconf igured for opt ical 1 PPS and sample synchronizat ion was achieved.

• Once valid samples were received, protect ion funct ions were successfully t ested.

Elect ric Program Invest ment Charge (EPIC)-2 Project 1 Time Synchronizat ion Learnings

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 12

EPIC-1 Pro ject 1 Rep ort and Cus t om er wit nes s t es t ing in ABB Cent er o f Exce llence in Ra le ig h, NC

IEC 61850 d em ons t ra t ion s ucces s fully com p le t ed in t he s am e t im e fram e EPIC-1 Project 1: Quant a Technologies and ABB cooperat ion

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 13

• Test ing convect ional protect ion funct ions is an absolutely necessary st ep, very t edious and t ime consuming t hat is t ypically hard t o automate

• A new approach using IEC 61850 GOOSE and Sampled Values has been pursued, it saves t ime and provides more detailed analysis

• Instead of using hardware input s and output s on t he relay and RTDS, binary data in GOOSE messages is used

• Instead of convent ional analog input s, IEC 61850 process bus sampled values t o be used

• Line protect ion t est ing: dif ferent ial protect ion, high-speed protect ion and backup dist ance protect ion

Opt imizing relay t est ing using IEC 61850 t echnology Case 2: Test ing convent ional prot ect ion wit h GOOSE and Sampled Values

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 14

Time synchronizat ion challenge

March 30, 2018 Slide 15

• Relay t ime synchronizat ion alt ernat ives include Elect rical and Opt ical IRIG-B and 1 PPS, init ially only elect rical IRIG-B was conf igured

• Opt ical 1 PPS was added and set , and elect rical IRIG-B was kept for date and t ime informat ion

• There was no plan t o use SNTP for date and t ime

• Result – t ime sync error was report ed by local and remote relays. Line current dif ferent ial protect ion was blocked as samples could not be t rusted.

Time synchronizat ion resolut ion


• It had t o be learned t hat it is possible t o combine IRIG-B code and 1PPS signal in t he same cable.

• IRIG-B and 1PPS can be combined when unmodulated DC shif t is used.

• If AM modulat ion is used, separate cable or dedicated wavelengths in t he same f iber cable are needed.

Parallel Syst em Test Set up


Moving t o IEEE 1588 Precision Time Prot ocol (PTP) synchronizat ion over Et hernet Solut ions: Time Sync Alt ernat ives t oday

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 18


1 MICROSECOND t ime accuracy over 16 net work hops Time sync over Et hernet : St eady-st at e Performance

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 19


The MAGIC behind 1 micro second t ime accuracy Time sync over Et hernet : Variable Delay Compensat ion

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 20


Switch Fabric

Store and Forward Queues

Residence time

Switch with Transparent c lock

Cable delay

Cable delay

MAC

PHY

PTP PTP

Grandmaster c lock Slave c lock

MII MII

Timestamp Point

MAC

PHY

MAC

PHY

MAC

PHY

• IEEE 1588-2008 specif ies ways t o support Precise Time Protocol (PTP) • Indust ry specif ic PTP prof iles t o be generated • IEEE C37.238-2011 specif ies f irst PTP Power Prof ile • IEEE C37.238-2011 revision was split int o 2 st andards:

• IEC/ IEEE 61850-9-3:2016 base PTP prof ile - Sp ecifies com m on b as e funct iona lit y • IEEE C37.238-20 17 ext ended PTP prof ile - Sp ecifies ext end ed funct iona lit y: Dynam ic t im e inaccuracy fo r m onit o ring o f d e livered t im e q ua lit y IRIG-B rep lacem ent and s up p ort fo r p ro t oco l convert e rs

Revis ion o f IEEE C37.238-2011 , IEEE 1588 Power p rofile Time Synchronizat ion over Et hernet St andards

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 21

Cumulat ive Dynamic Time Inaccuracy

22 Source: Revision of IEEE C37.238-2011 presentat ion by IEEE PSCC TF P1, IEEE JTC meet ing, January 2018

Needed for Synchrophasors: IEEE C37.118 Time Qualit y Indicat ors

23 Source: Revision of IEEE C37.238-2011 presentat ion by IEEE PSCC TF P1, IEEE JTC meet ing, January 2018

Media int erface for forwarding Et hernet f rames Next : Merging Unit Communicat ions

March 30 , 20 18 Slid e 24

Po int t o Po int connect ion a re p os s ib le , and a re recom m end ed When connect ed over an Et herne t s wit ch:

• ~ 1Mb / s p er MU s t ream • Far from p us hing well d es ig ned s wit ch p erform ance lim it

Com m unica t ion int e rfaces

• 9-2LE s p ecifies MM fib er wit h ST connect or • SM fib er wit h LC connect ors a re us ed • TX and RX in t he s am e fib er (d iffe rent waveleng t h)

Is wireless communicat ion an opt ion ???

ipcgrid conference, march 30, 2018 time sync for iec 61850 ... · march 30, 2018 slide 2 uca iec...

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