InterpersonalRelations

RAJ BAPTIST PINTO

Mr. Raj Baptist Pinto RN RMAssistant professorMSc Psychiatric NursingMS Psychotherapy and CounselingPGDEMS & Disaster Management

MD EMS

OBJECTIVES

• Purpose and types

• Phases

• Barriers to interpersonal relations

• Methods of overcoming barriers

• Johari Window

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INTRODUCTION

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DEFINATION OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

• IPR refers to the reciprocal social and emotional interactions between two or more individuals in an environment

• IPR is defined as a close association between individuals who share common interests and goals

• IPR means interaction or relations between two or more individuals

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DYNAMICS OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

Dyad

2 interacting people

TRAID

Consists of three people

GROUP

More than three

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PURPOSE OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS

IPR

for

an Individual

IPR

for

Nurses

IPR

for

Patients

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1.IPR for an Individual

Personal Growth & development

Source of enjoyment

Sense of security

Developing understanding

Interpersonal needs

Establishing personal understanding

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2.IPR relationship for nurses

Building positive functional multidisciplinary team

Improving intra-inter-team communication, co-ordination and co-operation

Building mutual understanding and cooperation

Understanding self

Improved decision making

Improved problem solving

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1.IPR for patients

Developing a sense of security and comfort

Fostering trust and cooperation

Facilitating communication

Improving socialization

Developing and maintaining positive feelings

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FRIENDSHIP

FAMILY & KINSHIP

PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP

LOVE

MARRIAGEPLATONIC

RELATIONSHIP

CASUAL RELATIONSHIPS

BROTHERHOOD

AND SISTERHOOD

ACQUAINTANCES

TYPES OFIPR

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PHASES OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP

1.ORIENTATION PHASE

*problem defining phase

2. IDENTIFICATION PHASE

* Selection of appropriate professional assistance

3.EXPLOITATION PHASE

* Phase of professional assistance for problem solving objectives

4.RESOULTION PHASE

* TERMINATION OF PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP

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1. ORIENTATION PHASE

It starts as a initial encounter b/w a nurse and as a stranger and the patient having problems

Pact formation occurs b/w the nurse and pt.

The nurse clarifies his or her responsibilities

The nurse identifies the patients problems , defines the problems and settles on the type of service needed

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2. IDENTIFICATION PHASE

*In this phase the nurse approaches the patient with empathetic understanding to understand accurately the problems

*While communicating with the patient problems the nurse should use specific terminologies rather than abstract terms

*The nurse helps the patient to identify his problems in their own context and uses the available resources to solve them

*The nurse helps the patient to use the best professional assistance to solve their problems

*The patients self esteem will be boosted by having feelings of belongingness and having the ability to solve problems

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EXPLOITATION

PHASE

• Its making use of professional help to gain as much as possible

• The patient understands his problems and explores all possible alternative solution to his problems

• The nurse helps the patient to learn how to explore and use the available resources to solve his problems

• The patients uses the best solutions and solves his problems

• The patient is able to deal adequately with his/her problems

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• This is termination of the professional relationship that begins with the convalesce and rehabilitation stage of hospitalization and ends with discharge of patient

• The needs of the client have been met and they depart from each other therapeutically

• If psychological dependence has been developed it should be terminated therapeutically and tactfully

4. R

ESOU

LTION

PH

ASE RAJ BAPTIST PINTO

Definition Of Barriers IPR

• Barriers to IPR are restraints or obstacles which interrupt the development of relationships between individuals

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Barriers to IPR

Personal barriers

Social barriers

Situational Barriers

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Personal Barriers

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GenderLack of honesty

and trust

Lack of flexibility

Others Lack of respect for

the rights of others

Pre-existing psychiatric condition

Fear of rejection

Situational barriers

Complex intra-actional

settings

Adverse environmental

situations

Lack of territoriality

High density individuals

Increased physical

distances

Lack of time

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Socio cultural barriers

Social diversity

Cultural diversity

Ethnic diversity

Language diversity

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METHODS OF OVERCOMING BARRIERS

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STATERGIES TO OVERCOME PERSONAL BARRIERS

Gender must be given due

consideration

Honesty and trust must be

maintained

There should be understanding

and adjustmentalattitude

Compatibility must be ensured

A sense of security must be

maintained

Effective communication is

important

Flexibility should be maintained

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Strategies to overcome situational barriers

Interaction settings should be simple and familiar

Special care must be taken in adverse environmental situations

In large organizations individuals must spend quality time with co-workers to strengthen the bond b/w them

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Strategies To Overcome Socio Cultural Barriers

Cultural diversity can be enhanced by openness, trust and owing and risk

to experiment

Social variations can be tackled by flexibility and adaptability

Maintaining eye contact , appropriate

body language , active listening can

enhance interpersonal

communication

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JOHARI WINDOWJoseph Luft & Harry Ingham (1995)

Definition

Johari window is a tool for illustrating and improving self awareness and mutual understanding between self or groups

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Purposes

The Johari window tool is a used to assess and improve a patient’s relationship with others as its major emphasis is on development of soft skills , behaviour,empathy,cooperation,inter-group development and interpersonal relationship.

JOHARI window represents self awareness of an individual towards himself/herself

It is used for self development and improvement of interpersonal relationships

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OPEN BLIND

UNKNOWNHIDDEN

Concept of Johari window

1. Open area/ open self/ free area/ free self :This is the Part of an individual’s personality that is open for the individual himself and for others also

2. Blind area/ blind self/ blind spot :This is the area of one’s personality about which the individual is totally unware i.e. the person does not know about his behaviour or feeling but other people are aware about those.

3. Hidden area/ hidden self/ avoided area/ avoided self :

It includes feelings,fears etc.,that are know to the person about himself but are purposely hidden from others because of some reasons.

4. Unknown self/ unknown area :

This is the area that is not known to the person about himself and others also do not known about the person.

DESCRIPTION OF JOHARI WINDOW

Johari window quadrant 1 : open area

All that is known by the person about himself is also know by others.

There can be exchange of good communication and co-operation between people.

it leads to development of good interpersonal relationship free from mistrust

,confussion,conflicts and misuderstanding.

A process known as ‘feedback solicitation’ can help to expand the size of open area horizontally into blind space by actively listening to

feedback from other group members.

It will help to reduce the size of blind space from once responsibility

and offer a large open space to others

Johari window quadrant 2 : Blind area

In this area person does not know about

his behaviour but other people are aware of these.

Blind area being a nonproductive space

for individuals hinders open

communication with each other because

no one can work effectively when kept

in dark.

This area will decrease the open

area in person if someone withhold a sensitive feedback

related to the individual behaviour

to him.

This leads to lack of development of self awareness because

they will always remain in dark about

their behaviour.

The person receiving feedback must be

open to accept suggestions for self

improvement

Johari window quad. No. 3HIDDEN AREA

It includes ideas feelings intensions that a person has and doesn’t want to share with others due to some reason.

Also called as AVOIDED SELF

SELF DISCLOSURE can help a person to improve the hidden quadrant into open area

It will lead to better understanding , cooperation and trust among individuals

Johari window quadrant 4 : UNKNOWN AREA

It includes attitudes , feelings, information , skills, that are not known to the person about himself or herself or others do not know about it .

These feelings can be positive or useful or can be deeper aspect of persons personality

Self disclosure should be used to uncover this aspect of personality

Observations and suggestions can also help someone to improve their positive aspects

Assignment

• Functions of johari window

Conclusion

SUMMARY

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