Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6)

Rupshanker MishraRoll no. 214212B.Tech CSE 6th Semester

• IPv4 Addressing.• Features of IPv6.• IPv6 Addressing.• Transition Mechanisms.• Software Support.• IPv6 Market• Conclusion.

Outlines

• Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is the most recent version of the Internet Protocol (IP), the communications protocol that provides an identification and location system for computers on networks and routes traffic across the Internet..

Introduction

IPv6

IPv6 is an Internet Layer protocol for packet-switched internetworking and provides end-to-end datagram transmission across multiple IP networks, closely adhering to the design principles developed in the previous version of the protocol, Internet Protocol Version 4(IPv4).

Large Address Space. 128 bit vs. 32 bit in IPv4.

Stateless auto configuration of hosts. Plug and play.

Multicast. It is part of IPv6, unlike IPv4 was introduced later.

Features of IPv6

Link-local addresses. Never change, unlike global address.

Jumbo grams. IPv4, packets are limited to 64 KB, Jumbo grams can be as

large as 4GB. In high speed Internet. Network-layer security.

IP Security is built on IPv6, unlike IPv4 built on. Mobility.

Make IPv6 node to be mobile to change it’s location in an IPv6 network. (May change IPv6 Address Dynamically).

Features of IPv6

The primary change from IPv4 to IPv6 is the length of network addresses.

128 bit vs. 32 bit. IPv6 addresses are typically composed of two logical parts:

64-bit (sub-)network prefix. 64-bit host part. (automatically generated from the interface's

MAC address). User identity being permanently tied to an IPv6 address.

IPv6 Addressing

64 BitSub-Network prefix

64 BitHost

Kinds of IPv6 addresses: Unicast Addresses:

One to One. Multicast Addresses:

One to Many. Anycast Addresses:

One to Nearest. There is no Broadcast in IPv6.

IPv6 Addressing

Transition mechanisms are needed for IPv6 only host to reach IPv4 services. Dual stack. Tunneling. Translation.

Transition Mechanisms

IPv4 IPv6

Dual Stack: Dual stack host can speak both IPv4 and

IPv6 communicate with IPv4 host by IPv4 communicate with IPv6 host by IPv6

Transition Mechanisms

Application Layer

Transport Layer (TCP/UDP)

Network Interface Layer

Tunneling:

Transition Mechanisms

IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling

IPv6 Packet

IPv6 PacketIPv4 header

IPv4 Packet

IPv6 Packet

Any modern O/S has IPv6 support Most common applications and tools have IPv6 support:

Apache IIS FTP Ping Telnet IE Mozilla Firefox Opera Outlook Windows Media Player and more…

Some applications need to be recompiled.

Software Support

Home Networking. Gaming. Mobile Devices. Enterprise PC’s. Consumer Devices.

i.e. Sony. ISP.

IPv6 Market

IPv6 is NEW …– built on the experiences learned from IPv4– new features– large address space– auto configuration

… and OLD– still IP– build on a solid base– started in 1995, a lot of implementations and tests done

Conclusion