Iranian Revolution

                         

                                  

Ayatollah Khomeini

Iranian Shi’ite leaderFebruary 1979Overthrow Shah of IranHostage Crisis“Get rid of all western influences”

Overthrows Shah of Iran

January 1979Sitting on his “Peacock Throne”Pro-West (freedoms)Lived lavish life while poverty consumed much of his nation

Khomeini’s Control

Establishes an Islamic RepublicIranians seize American hostagesYoung RevolutionariesWomen lost many rights

Khomeini’s ControlWomen wear chadorsAnyone opposed to him or loyal to the shah were killedWestern books and music were bannedIran encouraged Muslims in other countries to overthrow secular governments

Iranian Hostage Crisis

November 4, 1979 – January 20, 1981US allows Shah into United States for medical treatmentIranian students seize the American embassy in Tehran52 Americans were held for 444 days

Hostage Crisis

US plans a rescue of hostages but it failsHostages are finally released the minute after Ronald Reagan is inaugurated (just to spite Carter)- Jan 1981Carter’s presidency was over when the rescue plan failed

Iran – Iraq War

September 1980Suddam Hussein is leader of IraqIraq invaded Iran’s disputed oil rich province of KhuzestanLasts 8 years500,000 dead1988 Both nations agree to cease-fire

Results of Iran-Iraq War

Millions deadOil shipments disturbedThe US gave aid to Iraq and Saddam Hussein

Iran After Khomeini

Khomeini dies in 1989Islamic Republic began to be easedIslam continues to play a large part of Iranian lifeCurrently having issues with UN over nuclear research

Persian Gulf War1990

President George Bush Sr. versus Suddam Hussein

US Leaders in War

Colin Powell – Chairman, Joint Chief of Staff

Dick Cheney – Secretary of Defense

General Norman Schwarzkopf

“Stormin’ Norman”

Desert Storm

Hussein turned his attention to another disputed oil rich neighbor – KuwaitUN approved attackUS leads 28 other nationsWar lasts 4 days, “100 hour war”United States are victorious

Results of Persian Gulf War

No fly zones were established over Iraq to protect the Kurd minority from brutality Saddam continues to be a nuisance to the US

US Marines Fire At Iraq

Afghanistan

Post USSR – Taliban takes control of governmentSevere restrictions: Conservative Islamic ruleOsama Bin Laden uses country to train followers and plan attacks on the WestSeptember 11, WTC struck by al qaedaUS response = invasion of Afghanistan

Persian Gulf War 2003

Operation Iraqi Freedom

George W. Bush

Saddam Hussein

Iraq invades oil-rich Kuwait 1990U.N. imposes economic sanctionsIraq does not leaveMultinational force drives Iraq out

Operation Iraqi Freedom

Iraq has been ordered to disarmUN weapons inspectors prove to be useless (in George Ws eyes)UN does not support the US attackUS attacks Iraq on Wednesday,

March 19Much anti-war sentiment around the globe

Other Important Leaders

General Tommy Franks

Overall Combat Commander

Great Britain – US Supporter

Prime Minister Tony Blair has been George Ws best friend since 9/11Britain sends 42,000 troopsBritain begin attack on Thursday, March 21

         

Colin Powell – Secretary of State

Donald Rumsfeld – Secretary of Defense

Opposition vs. Support

FranceGermanyChinaNorth Korea

Great BritainSpainAustraliaTurkey (allows US to use airspace)

United States Launches ‘Shock and Awe’ Bombing

Already used three times as much artillery as in Persian Gulf WarMassive BombardmentMassive ExplosionsMarch 21, 2003A-Day

Getting Closer to Baghdad

US stumble upon potential chemical weapons facility

100 acres150 South of Baghdad

Iraqis are fighting back

Other Events of the War So Far

Iraqi’s are being deceptive and blending as civilians; also surrendering and then attackingSaddam was captured, tried and executed President Obama has pledged a pull out and turning the conflict over to the Iraqi people, as they have an established democratic government

Photo Gallery

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Social Issues

Modernization and westernization vs. traditional Muslim valuesSome women expected to be subordinate, but urbanization and modernization creating tensionsWomen can now vote in all Middle Eastern nations except Saudi Arabia (monarchy)Many Muslim nations accept western technology, but not values and culture