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“Step Out From the Old to the New”

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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live”

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“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”

“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

है”ह”ह

IS 14738-6 (2000): Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers,Part 6: Regulations on Selection and Use of FIBCs [TED 24:Transport Packages]

IS 14738 (Part 6) : 2000

Indian Standard

FLEXIBLE INTERMEDIATE BULK CONTAINERS PART 6 REGULATIONS ON SELECTION AND USE OF FlBCs

ICS 55.130

0 BIS 2000

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

January 2000 Price Group 3

Transport Packages Sectional Committee, LM 25

FOREWORD ?

This Indian Standard (Part 6) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, arter the draft finalized by the Transport Packages Sectional Committee had been approved by the Light Mechanical Engineering Division Council.

In ,the preparation of this standard assistance has been derived from ISOiWD 11895 - Part 6 : ‘Flexible intermediate bulk containers - Part 6 : Regulation on selection ind use of FIBCs’, issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

IS 14738 (Part 6) : 2000

Indian Standard

FLEXIBLE INTERMEDIATE BULK CONTAINERS

PART 6 REGULATIONS ON SELECTION AND USE OF FlBCs

1 SCOPE

1.1 This standard gives regulations on the selection and use of flexible intermediate bulk containers (FIBCs). Information on designs and lifting devices dimensions is covered in Annex A and Fig. 1, respectively.

1.2 This standard applies to FIBCs intended to contain non-dangerous solid materials in powder, granular, or paste form, and designed to be lifted from above by integral or detachable devices.

2 REFERENCE

The following Indian Standard which is a necessary adjunct to this standard contains provisions which through reference in this text, constitutes provision of this standard. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. The standard is subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the standard indicated below:

7S No. Title 14738 (Part 1) : Flexible intermediate.bulk contain-

1999 ers (FIBCs) : Part 1 Definitions related to FIBCs

3 DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this standard the definiti’ons of IS 14738 (Part I) shall apply.

4 GENERAL

There are many different designs of FIBCs in common use but these are divided into three main categaries:

a) Heavy Duty Reusable - Made for example of polyolefine fabric, or of polymer fabric con- tinuously coated on one or’both sides with plastics material, for example PVC.

b) Standard Duty Reusable - Made for exam- ple of polyolefinefabric, coated or uncoated, with or without ad inner liner ofplastics film, and used mainly in a closed loop between filler and discharger of the FIBC.

c) Single-Trip - Made for example of polyole- fine fabric or paper, coated or uncoated, with or without.an inner liner of plastics film. Seaming or joining of the materials is usu- ally by means of stitching, gluing, and/or welding, although other means may be used.

AFIBC may be so designed that when filled and raised by its top lift device(s), the resultant forces may be either:

i) absorbed by the body and the lifting devices where the walls are extended to form a lifting loop or loops or where other lifting devices are attached to the upper part of the walls, or

ii) partially absorbed by separate or integral lift- ing devices which pass~under the bag to form the support.

NOTE -Table 1 gives an essential checklist to be undertaken before selecting an FIBC for use.

5 SELECTION OF FIBCs

When selecting an FIBC for use consideration shall be given to:

a) the physical and chemical properties of the intended contents of the FIBC, such as:

9 ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

*i)

tii)

bulk density,

flow characteristics,

degree of aeration,

particle size and shape,

compatibility with the materials used for the construction of the FIBC,

fill temperature, and

whether the intended contents are food- stuffs, when special conditions normally

apply. b) the methods to be used for filling, handling,

transporting, storing, and emptying the_FIBC. NOTE-Where methods of handling are known and can be controlled (such as in-house use), it may be possible to

use a standard duty FIBC, compared with the situation where the handling methods are not known and cannot be controlled (such as export to remote destinations), where a heavy duty reusable may be more appropriate.

c) the number of trips required, the number of times the bag is lifted on each trip, and the environmental conditions likely to be encoun- tered.

d) general environmental considerations.

6 STORAGE OF EMPTY FIBCs

Empty FIBCs and liners shall be stored in such a

1

IS 14738 P-t-t 6) : 2000 Pilt

Table 1 How to Use PIBCs (Clause 4)

Do Don’t

Select the right FIBC for the job in consultation with the manufacturer or supplier

Read the instruction label on the FIBC

Inspect reusable FIBCs before refilling

Check that the discharge spout is closed off before filling

Ensure that the filled FlBCs is stable

Close the top inlet correctly

lJse.liAing gear of sufficient capacity to take the suspended load

Adjust the distance between forklifi arms to the correct width for the FIBC being handled Tilt the mast of Fhe forklift truck rearward to an appropriate angle

Ensure that crtie hooks, bars or fork IiR arms used or lifting are of adequate size and ire rounded to at least the thickness of the sling, belt or rope suspension, with a minimum radius of 5 mm

Take appropriate measures in regard to dust control

Consider the possibility of static electricity hazards

Protect the FIBCs from rain and/or prolonged sunlight

Ensure that FlBCs are adequately secured in transportation

choose FIBCs without consulting the manufacturer or supplier exceed the SWL in any circumstances

fill the FIBCs unevenly

stop or start suddenly during transportation

subject FIB& to mat&MI and/or jerk stops

drag FIBCs

allow personnel under suspended FIBCs

allow EIBCs to project over the side of a vehicleor pallet

tilt the mast of the forklift forward withdraw the forklift arms prior to relieving al1 the load on the lifting devices

stack FIB0 unless sure of stability use FIBCs in new conditions without consulting the manufacturer or supplier

reuse single-trip FIBCs

repair heavy duty reusable FIBCs unless the as new requirements can be met.

manner that accidental damage, and exposure to sunlight, extreme climatic conditions, and harmful substances are avoided. Where liners are supplied with the FIBCs they may be delivered either fitted inside the FIBCs or separately. In both instances care shall be taken to avoid contamination. Liners are vulnerable to damage which may not always be visibly obvious, and therefore shall be given particularly careful handling and storage.

7 FILLING OF FIBCs

7.1 FIBCs are normally filled suspended using the lifting device(s) and with the base of the bag on or near the ground or a pallet. Other methods may be applicable in consultation with the manufacturer or supplier.

7.2 If the FIBC has a discharge spout or other discharging device this shall be tied off or closed before filling.

7.3 Before tilling with material at temperatures above 60°C the manufacturer or supplier shall be consulted.

8 STABILITY OF FILLED FIBCs

The FIBCs shall be filled so that the ratio of filled height to base is between 0.5 and 2.0 using as base dimension. The diameter - for FIBCs with a circular cross-section and the length of the’shorter side - for FIBCs with a rectangular cross-section.

NOTES

1 Other major factors which affect the stability of tilled FIBCs

2

are the flow characteristics of the contents, free space,,and air entrainment.

2 Stability can often be improved by vibration during or after filling to remove entrained air and cause compaction.

9 LIFTING OF FILLED FIBCs

9.1 Before lifting any FIBC, it shall be inspected for any damage which may render it unsafe. The lifting loops or other lifting devices shall be positioned according to the manufacturer’s instructions.The hooks, bars or forklift arms employed for lifting shall be inspected to ensure that they have rounded edges with a radius greater than the diameter or thickness of the suspension of the FIBC and/or be protected by wrapping. The rounded edges shall have a minimum radius of 5 mm. The necessary characteristics are shown in Fig. 1.

9.2 When the FIBC is suspended personnel shall be excluded from the area under the FIBC.

10 STORAGE OF FILLED FIBCs

Storage of filled FIBCs at temperatures above 50°C shall be avoided except with the approval of the manufacturer or supplier.

Filled FIBCs shall have any top closures properly closed before storage. Except for FIBCs which have been specifically designed for outdoor storage, all FIBCs stored outdoors shall be sheeted over to prevent water collection on the tops of the FIBCs and shall not be stored in standing water.

IS 14738 (Part 6) : 2000

FIBC SUSPENSION

‘ICE

ARM)

FIBC SUSPENSION (ROPE)

LIFTING DEVICE

RK LIFT ARM OR CRANE HOOK)

R must be greater than L. minimum R is 5 mm.

FIG. I CHAKACTERISTICS OF LIFTING DEVICES

11 EMPTYING OF FILLED FIBCs

FlBCs can be emptied by suction, and by certain types of blowing, but they are usually emptied by gravity. The flow characteristics of the contents and the cost of ancillary equipment will generally dictate which method is chosen. When emptying by gravity,

personnel shall not stand under the FIBC nor put their

arms between the base of the FIBC and a receiving

vessel, or similar, except where the FIBC is supported.

I2 INSPECTION OF HEAVY DUTY AND

STANDARD DUTY FIBCs

Before reuse of FIBCs, consideration shall be given to the possibility of contamination from previous conterits. Before reuse, FlBCs shall be thoroughly examined for damage to stitching/gluing/welding, and for surface abrasion, cuts, tears, or any other damage

to the ibag. Particular attention shall be paid to the lifting ’ loops or devices and their attachments. The

examination shall look for signs of the following:

3

a>

b)

cl

Abrasion - The effects of abrasion are vari-

able, but some loss in strength is to be

expected. In extreme cases, the fabric

becomes so worn that the ou;er yarns of the

weave are severed. On lifiing loops or devices,

localized areas of abrasion may be present

caused by handling equipment with sharp

edges, and these areas can result in a serious

loss in strength.

Cuts, Contusions - Cuts, particularly in the

lifting loops or devices, will result in a seri-

ous loss of strength.

Ultraviolet Degradation and/or Chemical

Attack - These may be indicated by the

softening of the material (sometimes with

discoloration) so that the outer surface can

be rubbed off or plucked off, and in extreme

IS 14738 (Part 6) : 2000

cases the outer surface may become

powdered.

d) Dcrn~~~e to C’ourings - Some FlBCs are

manufactured from coated polyolefme fabric, and the coating may be on the inside and/or

outside of the bag. Considrration shall be given to the possible contaminafian of the contents by an unacceptable level of coating fragments if an inside coating is damaged, and to the increased possibility of moisture ingress (particularly if the contents are

hygroscopic) when damage occurs to either the inside and/or outside coatings.When

damage affecting the strength of the FIBC is discovered the FIBC shall be taken out of service immediately.

13 REPAIR OF HEAVY DUTY FlBCs

13.1 Repairs shall be carried out so that the repaired FIBC is capable of meeting the requirements of new FIBCs as marked on the label. Before undertaking any repairs, the manufacturer or supplier shall always be consulted. Factors which shall be taken into account in deciding whether the FIBC is field repairable, factory repairable, or not repairable include:

a) materials of construction,

b) type and area of damage,

c) age of the FIBC,

d) conditions to which the FIBC has been sub-

jected during service, and ‘, e) location of the damage.

ANNEX A (Clause 1)

DESIGNS OF FIBCs

This Annex illustrates some designs of FIBCs. It does not illustrate all designs, nor imply that designs not

illustrated are in any way inferior to those shown (see

Fig. 2 to 5).

FIG. 2 PLAIN BASE

FIG. 3 BASE WITH SPOUT

IS 14738(Part6):2000

FIG. 4 BASE FORMED OUT OF NARROWED WALLS

FIG. 5 CONICAL BASE WITH SPOUT

,

5

Bureau of Indian Standards

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and attending to connected matters in the country.

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Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: Monthly Additions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Dot : No. LM 25 (0297).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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