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है”ह”ह

IS 1875 (1992): Carbon steel billets, blooms, slabs andbars for forgings [MTD 16: Alloy Steels and Forgings]

•• 1171 :'''2( Reallltmed 1M )

"'l(ffllf1fR~

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Indian Standard

CARBON STEEL BILLETS, BLOOMS, SLABS ANDBARS FOR FORGINGS - SPECIFICATION

( Fifth Revision)

Second Reprint AUGUST 2000

UDC 669·14 - 412

C> BIS 1992

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARO

NEW DELHI 110002

January 1992 Price GrOll' 3

Steel Forgings Sectional Commiuee, MTD 18

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Fifth Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, afterthe draft finalized by the Steel Forgings Sectional Committee had been approved by the Metallurgi­cal Engineeriag Division Council.

This standard was first issued in 1961 and subsequently revised in 1966. 1970, 1971 and 1978.Based on the experience gained during these years in the use of thi-s standard, it hal been decidedto further revise this standard.

Class 1 Steel is again incorporated in this revision based on the need of users. For the benefit ofthe purchaser, an informative annex ( see Annex A ) has been included giving particulars to bespecified while ordering for these steels.

This standard contains clauses 5.4(e), 5.4.1) 5.4.1, 11.1 and Note in Table 2 which call foragreement between the purchaser and the supplier; clauses 5.1, 6.2 and 10.1 which permit the pur­chaser to use his option; and clause 12 gives supplementary requirements.

For 1he purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with,the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be roundedoff in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 'Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)'. Thenumber of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of thesp ecified value in this standard.

AMENDMENT NO.1 JANUARY 1993TO

IS 1875: 1992 CARBON STEEL BILLETS, BLOOMS,SLABS AND BARS FOR FORGINGS ­

SPECIFICATION

( Fifth Revision)

(Page 2, Table 1, col 6, against class lA) - Subsutute ·0.04' for lO.03'.

(MID 18)Reproa:raphy Unit. HIS.NewDelhi, India

AMENDMENT NO. 2 NOVEMBER 1994TO

IS 1875: 1992 CARBON S'fEEL BILLETS, BLOOMS,SLABS AND BARS FOR FORGINGS -SPECIFICATION

(Fifth Revision)

( Page 1, clause %.1 ) - Substitute 'IS 1387 : 1993 General requirementsfor the supply of metallurgical materials (second revision)' for 'IS 1387 : 1967General requirements for the supply of metallurgical materials (first revision)'.

( Page 2, clause 6.%.1, under the heading 'Permissible Variation, Percent,Max' ) - Substitute 'mm' for '81m

2, .

(MID 18)RcproaraplaY UDic, BIS, NewDelhi. India

IS 1875 : 1992

Indian Standard

CARBON STEEL BILLETS, BLOOMS, SLABS ANDBARS FOR FORGINGS - SPECIFICATION

( Fifth Revision)

a) Chemical composition: and

b) Tensile properties and/or hardness.

5.1 Billets. blooms, slabs and bars for forginsshall be manufactured from killed steel made byopen-hearth, electric, basic oxygen, combina­tion of these processes, or any other SUItablemethod which will meet the requirements of thestandard. The stock may be manufactured byhot rolling or forging.

5.2 Sufficient discard shall be made from eachingot to secure freedom from piplI1g and unduesegregation.

S.3 The material shall be made from ingot hav­ing at least four times the cro ... s-scctional area ofthe products.

5.3.1 For blooms 300 X 300 rnrn and largersize or its equivalent cross sectional area,though not meeting the requrrcmen t 0'- 5.3,may aha be supplied with p ri or pc rnu ssronfrom the purchaser. In ca se L1f reduct ion byforging process prior perrnissron f~om the useris not necessary if the reduction IS more than2'5 : l.

5.4 The condi tioninz method should be sochosen that it shan not have any injuriouseffects in the billet. bloom and bar. Materialrequired for forging may' be conditioned toremove injurious surface defcct s pvovrded thatthe foltowmg limitations shall apply:

a) Conditioning shall be allowed only in thelongitudinal direction. Conditioning inthe transverse direction shall not beallowed, except for surface inspect Ionpurposes.

b) The depth of conditioning shall notexceed 1 mm for every 15 mm of the

3 TERMINOLOGY

5 MANUFACTURE

4.1 General requirements relating to the supplyof material shall be as laid down inIS 1387 :1967.

4 SUPPLY OF MATERIAL

4.2 The steels covered by t his standard shall beordered and delivered on the Iollo wmg bas is:

3.1 For the purpose of t hi s standard. the defini­tions given in IS 1956 ( P,Ht 6 ) shal) i pp ly.

Title

Methods for chemical analy­sis of steels (revised)

General requirements forthe supply of metallurgicalmaterials (first revision )Method for brinell hardnesstest for metallic materials( second revision)Method for bend test( second revision)Method for tensile testingof steel products (firstrevision)Code for designation ofsteels: Part 1 Based on lettersymbols (first revision )Rolling and cutting tole­ranees for hot rolled steelproducts ( (fourth revision)Glossary of terms relatingto i ron and stcel : Part 6Forging (including dropforgmg )Dimensional tolerances forcarbon and alloy construe­tional steel (first revision)Method for macrostreakflaw test for steel <firstrevision )Method for estimating ave­rage grainsize of metals(first revision )Technical conditions forthe supply of hot rolledbillets, blooms, slabs andbars for closed die forgingsMacroscopic method fordeterrn ina tion of non-rnetall icinclusion content in wroughtsteel: Part 3 Magnetic parti­cle inspection methodMethod for macroetch testfor wrought steel products

4075 : 1985

11371 : 1985

10138(Part3):1983

4748 : 1988

9684 ; 1980

3739 : 1987

1387 : ]967

228

1762( Part 1 ) : 1974

1852 : 1985

1500 : 1983

1956( Part 6 ) : 1976

1608 : 1972

1599 : 1985

1 SCOPE

1.1 This standard covers the requirements fornine classes of carbon steel billets, blooms, slabsand bars for forgings designated as class 1, l A,2, 2A, 3, 3A, 4, 5 and 6 ( see Table I r,2 REFERENCES

2.1 The following Indian Standards are neces­sary adjuncts to this standard.

IS No.;

IS 1875 : 1992

6.3 The following elements wherever not speci­tied in Table I shall not be added to the steel,except where agreed to, other than for the

either by the methods specified in the relevantparts of IS 228 or any other established instru­mental/chemical method, shall be as given inTable 1. In case of any dispute, the proceduregiven in relevant parts of ]S 228 shall be thereferee method.

6.2 Check ADalysis

The purchaser may specify check analysis onblooms, billets, slabs and bars. The number ofsamples on which the analysis has to be carriedout shall be at the rate of one sample per 100products of same section subject to a minimumof one sample per section.

6.2.1 The permissible deviation in check analysisfrom the specified composition limits given inTable 1 shall be as given below:

± 0'05± 0'06± 0-04± 0-07+ 0'010+ 0'010

+ 0-04± 0-02

± 0'03± 0-04± 0'03± 0'04+ 0'005+ 0'005

250 mrn"or less

Permissible Variation,Percent, Max

r-----..A------,For Sections For Sec­

tions250 mm> to

500 mmtCarbon:Up to 0-25

Over 0'25 up to andincluding O'50

Over 0'50SiliconManganesePhosphorusSulphur

Constituent, Percent

dimension concerned subject to a maxi­mum depth of 20 mm.

e) The width of conditioning shall be at leastfour times its greatest depth.

d) An exception is made in the case of slabswhose width is at least twice the thickness.The depth of conditioning in the caseof slabs shall not exceed 1 mm for every10 mm of the dimensions concernedsubject to a maximum depth of 20 mrn.

e) While conditioning the material, thedimensions of the product may go belowthe minimum dimensions permitted ae w

cording to the tolerances specified. Whenreduced amount of dressing than whatis permitted by such clauses ( b ), ( c ) and( d ) is required, the extent of dressingshall he mutually agreed to between themanufacturer and the purchaser.

f) When required by the users for thematerial to be used for closed die forging,the drcssnc may be allowed to suchanextent that'" its cross secti onal a rea asdefined by the dimensional tolerances doesnot go below the minimum of the tole­ranee limit.

5.4.1 In special cases, particularly where it isnecessary on large material and where cond~­

tioning is not injurious, greater depth of condi­tioning may be permitted by special agreementbetween the supplier and the purchaser,

~.4.2 In other cases, conditioning of materialfor removing injurious defects shall be as agreedto between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

6 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

6.1 Ladle AnalysisThe ladle analysis of steel, when carried out

Table 1 Chemical Co.pOSitIOD(Clauses 1.1,6.1,6.2-1,6.3 and 12_1.1 )

(S)

0-40-0-700'60-0-900'60-0-900'60-0'900-60-0'900'60-0'900-60-0-900-60-0-900"0-0'80

(4)

0'15-0'350-IS-0'350'15-0-350'15-0'350'15-0-350-15-0-350'15-0'350'15-0'350-15-0'35

(3)

0°10-0-180'10-0-200-IS-0'250'20-0-300-25-0'350-30-0-400'40-0-500-50-0-600-60-0'70

Co.,tiluent, Percent~-----------------~-----------------~

Carbon Silicon Man8anese Sulphur PhosphorusMox Maxi(6) (7)0-04 0-040·03 0'040'04 0'040-04 0-040-04 0'040'04 0-040'04 0'040'04 0'040-04 0'04

Desilnation[See IS 1762

( Part 1 ) : 1974 )

(2)

14C6lSC820C82SC830C835C84SC85SC865C6

(I)

1lA22A33A4S6

Class

NOTES

1 When the steel is aluminium killed or killed ~ "'ith both allminilm and silicon, tbe requirements ofminimum silicon content shall not apply. For aluminium killed steel the total aluminium content .hallbe within 0'02 to O'OS percent,

:1 Sulphur to tbe order 0(0-0' to 0'12 percent may be sur plied I:y mutual agrrur.rnt belwecn the supplierand the purchaser.

purpose of finishing the heat and shall notexceed the following limits:Constituent PercentNickel 0'30Chromium 0'30Copper 0'25Molybdenum 0'05Vanadium 0'05Boron 0'000 3Tin 0'05

NOTES1 Trace elements ( Cr + Ni + Mo) when addedtogether shall not exceedO'SO percent.:1 Percent copper + lOx ( Percent tin) shall notexceed O'SO percent.

7 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS

7.1 Billets, blooms, slabs and bars shall bereasonably free from any external or internalcracks, flakes, laps, rough, jagged and imperfectedges and other injurious surface imperfections.Unless specified in the order, the suitablemethod of parting may be used by the manu­facturer and after parting the material shall besufficiently straight.8 DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES

8.1 Rolled steel bars for general engineeringforgings shall be true to the prescribed dimen­sions within the tolerances specified inIS 1852 : 1985.

IS 1875 : 1992

8.1 Tolerances for rolled billets (square andR.C.S. ) blooms and slabs for general engineer­ing forgings shall be as given below:

Cross-Sectional PermissibleDimensions Variation

mm mmLess than 100 ± 1'5100 to 150 + 4'5

- 2'0Over I SO + 6'0

- 3'08.2.1 For forged blooms, billets and slabs, thetolerances shall be in accordance with]S 9684 : 1980.8.3 For special requirements, the dimensionaltolerances shall be ID accordance with Grade Iof IS 3739 : I!l87.9 MECHANICAL TEST9.1 Tensile TestThe tensile tests shall be carried out in accor­dance with IS 1608 : 1972. The test pieces shallbe machined lengthwise from each test sampleselected as prescribed in 10. The tensile pro­perties shall conform to the requirements givenin Table 2. The properties given in Table 2 areapplicable to test piece taken on rounds in thedirection of the fibre, the axis of which cor­responds to Fig. 1. For rectangular sectionsthe ranges for equivalent section shall be asgiven in Fig. 2.

CIRCULAR SECliON

>10~25

> 28

RECTANGULAR SECTIONS

All dimensions In millimetres.FlO. 1 LOCATION OF THB TBNSILB TSST PIBCBS IN THB

PaODUCTS TO BB DELlVBUD

3

IS 1875 : 1992

'/ RANGE OF USE FOR,.-.-...~

/ DIAMETERS D

1/ '~100<0 ~ 160 - ~

/ ............ r---~

//

/ L.O<OS100

/ '-....V --....-.

/ '- l&<O~L.O

V-----

D~16

240 260200 2201801&08060 100 120 140WIDTH IN mm

Flo. 2 ApPLICABILITY OF THE V ALUBS, GIVBN IN TABLB 2FOR ROUND SECTION, TO RECTANGULAR SECTION

4020

20

oa

~ 80

~

'" 60'".....z~40i:.....

100

Table %Tensile Properties and Hardness( Clause 9.1 )

CI•••

(1)1JA

22A33A456

TensileStreolth

Min(MPa)

(2)370410430460490540620710740

YieldStreogtb

Min(MPa)

(3)

200220230250270280320350370

Elongation( GL = S·65Vs~-5·:

Min, Percent

(4)

262S24222120151310

HardnessMin

(H8)

(5)100110120130140155175200210

NormalizJngTemperature

«(Ie)( For Information ooly )

(6)

880-910880-910880-910880-910860-890850-880830-860810-840800-830

NOTf:. - The properties given in the table refer to ruling section up to 100 mrn in the as rolled or as forgedand normalized condition and are applicable to test samples taken along the direction of grain flow.For higher section as well as for the supply in hardened and tempered condition, the properties shall be asagreed to between the purchaser and the manufacturer.

9.2 Hardness Test

The hardness test shall be carried out in accor­dance with IS 1500 : 1983.

than one diameter or thickness of bar is rolledfrom the same cast, one additional test sampleshall be selected from each diameter or thick­ness of bar if desired by the purchaser.

10 SAMPLING

10.1 Sampling for Chemical Analysis

The ladle analysis shall be supplied by themanufacturer.

10.% Sampling for Mechanical Tests

In the case of bars up to 100 mm size, the testsamples shall be selected from finished parts atthe rate of one sample from each lot, pro..vided the quantity from one cast does notexceed 25 metric tonnes. Where the quantityfrom each cast exceeds 25 metric tonnes, onemore test sample shall be selected. When more

11 REETST

11.1 Retest for Product Analysis

If the results of the check analysis do not con­form to the composition requirements given inTable 1 and Steel grade with allowance ofvariation in case of check analysis from thespecified limits, unless otherwise agreed to bet­ween the purchaser and the manufacturer, twonew samples shall be taken on different piecesfrom the same cast. Should the two analysissatisfy the requirements, the lot representedshall be accepted, should either of the samplefail, the material shall be taken as not comply­ing with this standard.

4

11.2 Ret... for Mec.aaleal Propertl••

Should any of the test pieces first selected failto pass any of the tests specified in thisstandard, two further samples shall be selectedfor testing in respect of each failure. Should thetest pieces from both these additional samplespass, the material represented by the test sam­ples shall be deemed to comply with the require­ments of that particular test. Should the testpieces from either of these by the test samplesadditional samples fail, the material representedshall be considered as not having compliedwith this standard, except that the manufacturermay reheat-treat (not more than twice) thematerial represented and resubmit it for testing.

12 SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

12.1 The following supplementary requirementsshall apply only when specified by the purchaserin the inquiry, contract and order. Details ofthese supplementary requirements shall be asagreed to between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.

12.1.1 Chemical Composition

The purchaser may specify in special casesmore restricted range for one or more elementsin respect of carbon, SUlphur and phosphorusthan the compositional limits indicated inTable I.

12.2 Bead Test

When bend test requirements for classesI, l A, 2, 2A, 3, 3A and 4 are specified the sameshall be carried out in accordance withIS 1599: 1985. Where the dimensions permit,test pieces 2,30mm long and 32 mm square withedges rounded off shall be machined lengthwisefrom each test sample and bent cold by directpressure round a former of diameter appropriateto the clsss of steel as shown in Fig. 3 until thesides of the test piece are parallel.

12.2.1 Smaller sizes shall be bent in full sectionby a former having a diameter proportional tothat specified for a 32 mm square test piece.Each bend test shall comply with the require­ments without fracture.

12.2.2 Subsequently, the ends of the test piecesfor classes I, lA, 2, 2A, 3 and 3A material shallbe brought together by direct pressure and thetest piece shall not fracture.

12.2.3 No bend test shall be required forclasses 5 and 6.

12.3 Grain Size

When agreed to between the supplier and thepurchaser, steel shall be supplied with the speci­fied grain size in accordance with IS 4748 : 1988.

IS 1175 I IP92

(F169J:~ ,- 38 -tL _t~--- -" 'r-- ---..,

I II II II II II II II II II I

I II II II I

1\ II~ /1~ .,

64 For Class 444 For Classes 3 and 3A38 For Classes I, lA, 2 and 2A

All dimensions in millimetres.FIG. 3 BEND TEST

12.4 MacrostructureThe macrostructure of steel on the etched trans­verse sections, when examined in accordancewith IS 11371: 1985, shall be free from harmfulshrinkage porosity, blow holes, laminations,cracks, non-metallic inclusions, cavities, flux,dendrits, etc. However, the acceptance normsshall be as agreed to between the supplier andthe purchaser.

NOTE - The steel rolled from continuously castroute shall also be examined by following themet bods of preparation of sample in accordancewith IS 11371: 1985 and the norms of acceptanceshall be mutually agreed to between the supplierand t he purchaser.

12.5 Ultrasonic TestUltrasonic examination and the level of accep­tance shall be mutually agreed to between themanufacturer and the user.

12.6 Maguetic Particle Test

Magnetic particle test shall be carrie~ out !naccordance with the method specified In

IS 10138 (Part III ) : 1983 and level of accep­tance shall be mutually agreed to between thesupplier and the purchaser.

12.7 Blue Fracture TeatThe test shall be conducted in accordance withIS 4075 : 1985 and the level of acceptance shall

IS 1175 : 1992

be mutually agreed to between the manufacturerand the user.

13 MARKING

13.1 Unless agreed otherwise, the material shallbe identified as follows:

a) Each billet, bloom, slab and bar over SOmm in diameter or width across flats shall

be legibly stamped with the cast numberand, when specified, the class designation;and

b) Bars up to and including SO mm diameteror width across flats shall be bundled to­gether and a tag attached bearing thecast number, and when specified, theclass designation.

ANNEX A(Foreword)

INFORMATION TO BE GIVEN BY THE PURCHASER

A-I While placing an order for the steelscovered by this standard, the purchaser shouldspecify clearly the following:

a) Class designation;b) Description regarding size, length, etc;c) Condition of delivery;

6

d) Tests required;

e) Method of manufacture;

f) Any special requirements, such as bund­ling and packing; and

g) Supplementary tests, if required.

Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 to promoteharmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goodsand attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

SIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any formwithout the prior permission in writing of HIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course ofImplementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications). SIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments arc issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments, Standards are also reviewedperiodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes areneeded; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standardsshould ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of'BIS Catalogue' and 'Standards: Monthly Additions'.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc: No. MTD 18 ( 3636 )

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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