iservcmb measured energy consumption data by hvac ... · intelligent energy uk project number:...
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Inspection of HVAC Systems through continuous monitoring and benchmarking Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272
Acronym: iSERV
The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the UKan Union. Neither the EACI nor the UKan Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC Component and Activity: UK
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July 2014
Ian Knight and Afroditi Konidari Cardiff University
Intelligent Energy – UK (IEE) SAVE Project May 7th 2011 to May 6th 2014 Project websites: Main website: http://www.iservcmb.info Database website: http://www.iservcmb.UK
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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iSERVcmb Project Team
Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University UK (Project co-ordinator)
K2n Ltd UK
MacWhirter Ltd
UK
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Greece
University of Porto Portugal
Politecnico di Torino
Italy
Université de Liège
Belgium
Univerza v Ljubljani
Slovenia
University of Pecs Hungary
Austrian Energy Agency
Austria
REHVA UK
CIBSE UK
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Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 5
1.1 Measured data accuracy ................................................................................................................. 5 1.2 Data overview ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.3 Major conclusions ........................................................................................................................... 5
2 HVAC COMPONENT AND ACTIVITIES OVERVIEW PLUS DATA SUMMARIES ......................... 7
2.1 Overall HVAC Components and Activities Summary ...................................................................... 8
3 SUMMARY OF MEASURED ANNUAL ENERGY USE BY HVAC COMPONENT AND SUB-COMPONENT TYPE SERVICING A GIVEN ACTIVITY .................................................................... 9
3.1 Air Handling Units in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 ............... 21 3.2 All in One Systems in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 .............. 22 3.3 Cold Generators in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 ................. 23 3.4 Heat Generators in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 ................. 24 3.5 Heat Pumps in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 ........................ 25 3.6 Heat Rejection in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 .................... 26 3.7 Pumps in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 ................................. 27 3.8 Terminal Units in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 .................... 28
4 SUMMARY OF MEASURED ELECTRICAL POWER DEMANDS BY HVAC COMPONENT AND SUB-COMPONENT TYPE SERVICING A GIVEN ACTIVITY .................................................................. 29
4.1 Assembly areas / halls - Electricity power demand summary by component .............................. 42 4.2 Catering: Eating/drinking area – Electricity power demand summary by component ................ 42 4.3 Catering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot Meals – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................................................................................................................ 42 4.4 Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink) – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................................................................................................................ 43 4.5 Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area – Electricity power demand summary by component 43 4.6 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................................................................................................................ 43 4.7 Catering: Vending Machines – Electricity power demand summary by component ................... 44 4.8 Cellular Office Area – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................. 44 4.9 Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................................................................................................................ 44 4.10 Circulation area (corridors and stairways) – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................................................................................................................ 45 4.11 Consulting/treatment room – Electricity power demand summary by component .................... 45 4.12 IT: High Density IT Suite – Electricity power demand summary by component ........................... 45 4.13 IT: LAN Rooms – Electricity power demand summary by component ......................................... 46 4.14 IT: Server Room – Electricity power demand summary by component ....................................... 46 4.15 Laboratory – Electricity power demand summary by component ............................................... 46 4.16 Laboratory with fume cupboards – Electricity power demand summary by component ............ 47 4.17 Lecture theatre – Electricity power demand summary by component ........................................ 47 4.18 Library - open stacks – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................ 47 4.19 Library - stacks and storeroom – Electricity power demand summary by component ................ 48 4.20 Lifts – Electricity power demand summary by component .......................................................... 48 4.21 Light Plant Room – Electricity power demand summary by component ..................................... 48 4.22 Lounges – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................... 49 4.23 Meeting Room – Electricity power demand summary by component ......................................... 49
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4.24 Open Plan Office Area – Electricity power demand summary by component ............................. 49 4.25 Reception – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................ 50 4.26 Recreational: Changing facilities with showers – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................................................................................................................ 50 4.27 Recreational: Fitness Studio – Electricity power demand summary by component .................... 50 4.28 Recreational: Fitness Suite/Gym – Electricity power demand summary by component ............. 51 4.29 Recreational: Sports ground changing rooms – Electricity power demand summary by component 51 4.30 Retail Warehouse Sales area – general – Electricity power demand summary by component ... 51 4.31 Small Shop Unit Sales area – general – Electricity power demand summary by component ...... 52 4.32 Stage (theatres and event buildings) – Electricity power demand summary by component ...... 52 4.33 Storage Area/Cupboard – Electricity power demand summary by component .......................... 52 4.34 Teaching Areas – Electricity power demand summary by component ........................................ 53 4.35 Toilet – Electricity power demand summary by component ........................................................ 53 4.36 Waiting Rooms – Electricity power demand summary by component ........................................ 53 4.37 Workshop – Electricity power demand summary by component ................................................ 54
5 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 54
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1 Introduction This report presents the measured HVAC component energy consumption and end use activity data obtained for the UK during the iSERVcmb project.
The report tabulates the recorded energy use and power demand information by floor area, HVAC component and sub-component type, for each activity type within the iSERVcmb system.
The figures presented include energy use data which has been apportioned across more than one activity and/or component in some cases. The apportionments have been made using a mixture of pre-existing data and data collected during the project period. Care has been taken to ensure the data produced is not simply self-referencing.
1.1 Measured data accuracy The actual floor areas recorded for each building and system are expected to be between -1 to +4% of the value recorded in the associated iSERVcmb spreadsheet.
While this document deals only with electricity, the maximum expected error in the read for each electricity and gas meter is ± 2% [Knight 2014]. For heat meters the expected errors are around -10% based on studies of the actual performance of installed heat meters in Sweden [Jomni 2006] and observations of installation practice in real buildings.
The data presented here should be read with these potential inaccuracies in mind.
1.2 Data overview The datasets show that the measured overall average annual energy use and power demands by HVAC component type are as in Table 1. It can be seen that power demands are not a good indicator of likely annual energy use, and that ALL elements of an HVAC system appear to play a significant role in the overall annual energy consumption likely to arise from that system.
Table 1 – Overall measured average power demands and annual energy consumptions across the entire UK by HVAC component type
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W/m2 9.9 6.8 3.6 1.8 4.3 1.4 0.7 0.1 0.01 14.6 kWh/m2 46.0 41.3 30.0 24.4 19.0 18.5 1.5 1.1 134.8
1.3 Major conclusions The data presented shows that there are significant variations in the power demands and energy use of almost every combination of HVAC sub-component and activity. These variations are due to a variety of reasons ranging from climate, through building and system design, to simple inefficiency in operation and maintenance of the HVAC systems.
What the wider iSERVcmb project has shown is that the inefficiencies are a significant part of the variations being found in the data presented in this document.
The data presented in these tables is a look at the detail of how building services consume energy in operational buildings across the UK. However, on its own this information does not allow the
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owners/operators of the systems which contributed this data to know how or whether they should be doing better.
The full dataset from which this document is drawn, used in conjunction with the iSERVcmb approach, can however start this process by benchmarking individual systems and buildings against this data.
It has not been possible to fully describe the iSERVcmb dataset in a document yet, as there was too much work to do during the project just to assemble the raw data. Continuing analysis will produce further information and data out of this project which will form the basis of professional guidance and standards in the future.
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2 HVAC Component and Activities Overview plus Data Summaries This section covers the overall description of the HVAC components as given in the iSERV spreadsheets for the UK, as well as summarising the measured data from the more detailed parts of this report.
Table 1a - Number of meters serving each activity
Activity type
Elec
tric
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Gas
Hea
t
Assembly areas / halls 14 6 3
Catering: Eating/drinking area 26 6 3
Catering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot Meals 15
Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink) 22 3 3
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 17 8 4 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 8 4
Catering: Vending Machines 8 4
Cellular Office Area 73 9 4
Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 16 6 3
Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 69 9 4 Consulting/treatment room 14
Heavy Plant Room 2 2 3
IT: High Density IT Suite 46 9 3
IT: LAN Rooms 35 8 3
IT: Server Room 18 6 3 Laboratory 7 3
Laboratory with fume cupboards 6 1
Lecture theatre 14 1
Library - open stacks 9 4
Library - stacks and storeroom 8 4 Lifts 43
Light Plant Room 73 9 3
Lounges 21 1
Meeting Room 65 8 4
Open Plan Office Area 51 5
Reception 35 7 3 Recreational : Changing facilities with showers 15 1
Recreational : Fitness Studio 15 1
Recreational : Fitness Suite/Gym 11
Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 21 6
Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 1 1 Small Shop Unit Sales area - general 3 2 3
Stage (theatres and event buildings) 4 1
Storage Area/Cupboard 56 9 4
Teaching Areas 9 3
Toilet 53 8 4 Waiting Rooms 13
Workshop 5 1
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2.1 Overall HVAC Components and Activities Summary Table 2b summarises the data collected for the HVAC Components and the iSERV Activity types available in the UK. It can be seen that the HVAC components in the UK service 38 different activity types with total areas ranging in size from 8 to 9,500 m2. The most frequently encountered component types in the project were AHU’s and pumps.
Table 2b – Overall Systems Summary for UK showing numbers of components and spaces associated with each activity type
Activity Name
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Assembly areas / halls 217.3 4 5 2 6 2 6 Catering: Eating/drinking area 488.8 8 8 8 9 5 2 15
Catering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot Meals 684.3 5 5 6 3 3 3 10
Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink)
40.24 6 7 8 7 3 2 19 1 1
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area
49.2 8 6 1 4 10 4 1 20 2
Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 76.33 1 2 1 2 3 2 5
Catering: Vending Machines 27.7 1 2 2 3 2 5 Cellular Office Area 9097 466 43 13 15 7 29 40 1 7
Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 372.3 13 7 2 6 1 1 2 6
Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 9487 216 48 12 14 7 35 35 1 3 Consulting/treatment room 40.8 4 4 6 3 3 2 10
Heavy Plant Room 10.8 1 3 1 IT: High Density IT Suite 855.1 22 20 1 13 12 7 9 34 1 6
IT: LAN Rooms 166.1 18 18 1 10 11 1 1 7 3 28 2
IT: Server Room 319.3 8 4 7 3 7 7 10 2 Laboratory 1163 46 6 5 5 2 1 22 1 2
Laboratory with fume cupboards 234.5 3 3 3 3 10 1
Lecture theatre 149 2 4 7 4 4 2 15 1 Library - open stacks 629.7 2 2 2 3 2 4
Library - stacks and storeroom 232.8 1 2 2 3 2 4
Lifts 861.4 49 32 6 3 3 26 10 1 Light Plant Room 3513 102 48 12 12 7 35 37 1 3
Lounges 131.6 4 7 8 6 3 2 20 1 Meeting Room 2612 80 40 3 11 13 1 1 8 21 35 4
Open Plan Office Area 7350 62 35 2 9 7 1 1 6 17 22 1
Reception 360.6 9 13 10 10 5 4 24 1 Recreational : Changing facilities with showers
190.4 5 2 8 4 3 1 18 1 1
Recreational : Fitness Studio 500.2 6 2 1 8 6 3 1 20 1 1 Recreational : Fitness Suite/Gym 117.9 1 1 1 6 3 3 1 10
Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms
87.37 4 5 1 10 8 7 2 25 2
Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 8.15 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1
Small Shop Unit Sales area - general 63.45 1 3 2 Stage (theatres and event buildings) 135.9 1 1 2 3 10 1
Storage Area/Cupboard 1204 158 28 1 13 15 7 10 43 1 3
Teaching Areas 5315 28 4 7 3 2 1 18 1 4 Toilet 1142 84 32 10 12 7 22 28 3
Waiting Rooms 15.87 1 3 6 3 3 1 10 Workshop 90.26 2 2 2 3 10 1
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3 Summary of measured annual energy use by HVAC Component and sub-component type servicing a given activity
This section summarises the range of electrical annual energy consumption per m2 by activity served, that have been measured across all the HVAC sub-component types monitored in iSERVcmb.
The main observations from the tables are:
- Many of the HVAC components have significant average energy consumptions across a number of the end use activities
- IT related end uses are clearly the most significant loads on many HVAC components - Air handling units and Cold generators have the highest average annual consumptions - Pumps and Terminal Units also consume significant quantities of energy over a year – reflecting
their more continuous operation, in particular for pumps.
A summary of the measured average annual energy use by activity type and HVAC component type is shown in Table 3. Values in brackets indicate the standard deviation found from this average. This data can be used to estimate the likely annual energy use range to be incurred by an HVAC component while servicing this type of activity in the UK. The more detailed tables also show this information by HVAC sub-component as well.
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Table 3 – Benchmarks for measured Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Use in kWh/m2 Summary by HVAC Component and Activity Type. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
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SD AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
AVG kWh/m2.a
SD AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
AVG kWh/m2.a
SD AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
AVG kWh/m2.a
SD
Assembly areas / halls 125.22 141.62 0.31 0.20 2.36 3.21 0.03 0.02 157.71 247.82 Catering: Eating/drinking area 41.40 52.22 1.31 0.82 2.36 3.21 0.07 0.04 39.43 61.95
Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink)
17.45 5.87 0.00 0.88 0.81
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 79.32 51.29 130.16 7.67 7.52 1.75 2.81 0.36 0.36 17.11 36.68 11.17 0.61 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 56.47 63.49 130.16 0.44 0.27 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.04 29.86 54.09
Catering: Vending Machines 56.47 63.49 0.44 0.27 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.04 29.86 54.09 Cellular Office Area 7.96 5.68 15.60 18.53 1.75 2.82 0.27 0.27 12.76 26.86 61.14 77.94
Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 2.11 2.54 1.28 0.80 2.36 3.21 58.21 0.04 0.03 29.57 29.96 Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 6.89 3.94 5.45 5.34 1.75 2.82 0.17 0.16 9.33 26.28 11.17 0.61
IT: High Density IT Suite 43.87 23.23 152.27 216.83 212.32 1.75 2.82 0.61 0.59 118.06 328.17 93.14 86.08 IT: LAN Rooms 7.70 11.09 456.49 447.00 1.75 2.82 41.20 3.59 3.52 212.03 383.38 22.35 1.22 IT: Server Room 8.63 7.37 640.69 273.03 247.86 308.41 1.99 3.01 97.83 89.70 225.63 472.95 15.98
Laboratory 41.19 13.30 26.51 1.45 0.22 0.01 0.65 0.04 7.73 6.54 11.18 0.61 Laboratory with fume cupboards 2.70 2.75
Lecture theatre 47.21 10.06 0.23 1.31 14.96 10.76 23.22 Library - open stacks 2.78 0.11 0.45 0.28 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.05 39.43 61.95
Library - stacks and storeroom 2.77 0.30 0.19 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.05 15.12 23.76 Light Plant Room 4.68 3.32 0.40 0.40 0.08 0.08 0.50 0.03
Lounges 0.59 0.51 Meeting Room 13.91 13.84 64.91 27.06 9.02 7.29 1.55 2.67 58.21 0.47 0.38 13.59 27.28 10.11 1.89
Open Plan Office Area 5.48 8.43 32.07 0.00 7.49 10.29 0.07 0.11 58.21 0.25 0.34 23.15 35.69 11.61 Reception 2.11 1.50 0.84 0.53 2.36 3.21 0.03 0.02 17.40 41.28
Recreational : Changing facilities with showers
38.88 0.59 0.47
Recreational : Fitness Studio 19.44 0.39 0.30
Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 64.79 37.18 0.11 0.10 9.68 22.42 11.17 0.61 Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 20.89 14.91 0.23 0.82 10.47 7.46 11.61
Small Shop Unit Sales area - general 5.88 0.00 Stage (theatres and event buildings) 0.79 0.59 0.51
Storage Area/Cupboard 8.76 7.48 1.58 1.92 1.75 2.82 0.07 0.08 18.74 34.40 11.17 0.61 Teaching Areas 15.84 4.70 6.92 3.60 0.22 0.01 0.48 0.03 2.90 2.36 124.37 196.06
Toilet 41.87 71.58 1.21 1.19 2.55 4.17 0.26 0.25 11.19 28.79 11.17 0.61 Workshop 25.39 0.14 0.02
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Figure 1 - Visualisation of measured average annual energy consumption in kWh/m2 by activity and HVAC component across the UK
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Visualisation of measured average annual energy consumption in kWh/m2 by activity and HVAC component across the UKActivity NameAssembly areas / hallsBathroomBedroomCatering: BarsCatering: Eating/drinking areaCatering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot MealsCatering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink)Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation AreaCatering: Snack Bar with Chilled CabinetsCatering: Vending MachinesCellular Office AreaCellular Office Area - multiple occupationCirculation area (corridors and stairways)Consulting/treatment roomDept Store Sales area - chilledDept Store Sales area - generalDiagnostic ImagingEscalatorsExhibition rooms, museumGeneric Checkin areasGeneric WardHotel roomIT: High Density IT SuiteIT: LAN RoomsIT: Server RoomLaboratoryLaboratory - SterileLaboratory with fume cupboardsLaundryLecture theatreLibrary - open stacksLibrary - reading roomLibrary - stacks and storeroomLiftsLight Plant RoomLoungesMeeting RoomMulti-storey car parks (office and private use)NurseryOpen Plan Office AreaOperating TheatrePhysiotherapy StudioReceptionRecreational : Changing facilities with showersRecreational : Fitness StudioRecreational : Fitness Suite/GymRecreational : Recreational PoolRecreational : Sports ground changing roomsRetail Warehouse Sales area - chilledRetail Warehouse Sales area - generalSmall Shop Unit Sales area - chilledSmall Shop Unit Sales area - generalSpectator area (theatres and event buildings)Stage (theatres and event buildings)Storage Area/CupboardTeaching AreasToiletUnoccupied spaceWaiting RoomsWarehouse storageWorkshop
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Figure 2 - Air Handling Units - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
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ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leC
ater
ing:
Kit
chen
ette
(sm
all…
Ge
ner
ic W
ard
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Sto
rage
Are
a/C
up
bo
ard
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)B
edro
om
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Toile
tG
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Teac
hin
g A
reas
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- g
en
eral
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d…
Ligh
t P
lan
t R
oo
mC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aIT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sO
per
atin
g Th
eat
reSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
ille
dC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Bat
hro
om
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sU
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eLi
fts
Rec
epti
on
Esca
lato
rsN
urs
ery
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…H
ote
l ro
om
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Air Handling Units - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 13: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 13 of 54
Figure 3 - All in One Systems - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d…
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d…
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aTo
ilet
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ge
ner
alA
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsB
ath
roo
mB
edro
om
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g H
ot…
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l…C
ater
ing:
Ven
din
g M
ach
ines
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
…C
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
…C
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edD
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
gEs
cala
tors
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asG
en
eric
War
dH
ote
l ro
om
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sLa
bo
rato
ryLa
bo
rato
ry -
Ste
rile
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Lau
nd
ryLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sLi
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mLi
fts
Ligh
t P
lan
t R
oo
mLo
un
ges
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…N
urs
ery
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Rec
epti
on
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s w
ith
…R
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s Su
ite/
Gym
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d c
han
gin
g…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ch
illed
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
chill
ed
Spec
tato
r ar
ea (
the
atre
s an
d e
ven
t…St
age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt
bu
ildin
gs)
Sto
rage
Are
a/C
up
bo
ard
Teac
hin
g A
reas
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Wo
rksh
op
All in One Systems - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 14: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 14 of 54
Figure 4 - Cold Generators - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g…Lo
un
ges
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eN
urs
ery
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alC
ater
ing:
Bar
sSt
age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…G
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mLa
bo
rato
ryLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
Ho
tel r
oo
mM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Wo
rksh
op
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d…
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esTe
ach
ing
Are
asSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…R
ecep
tio
nC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
a -
mu
ltip
le…
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l…To
ilet
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Sto
rage
Are
a/C
up
bo
ard
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d…
Esca
lato
rsW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Ligh
t P
lan
t R
oo
mC
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
…Li
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Lib
rary
- r
ead
ing
roo
mLi
fts
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymB
ath
roo
mB
edro
om
Ge
ner
ic W
ard
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
un
dry
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice…
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng…
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d…
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
-…
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
-…
Spec
tato
r ar
ea (
the
atre
s an
d…
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Cold Generators - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 15 of 54
Figure 5 - Heat Generators - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Rec
epti
on
Ge
ner
ic W
ard
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d…
Sto
rage
Are
a/C
up
bo
ard
Toile
tG
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g…Sm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…A
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
…C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aEx
hib
itio
n r
oo
ms,
mu
seu
mIT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mC
ater
ing:
Eat
ing/
dri
nki
ng
are
aM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l…IT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sC
ater
ing:
Lim
ited
Ho
t Fo
od
…C
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
…Li
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Lift
sC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mD
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
gLa
bo
rato
ryW
ork
sho
pLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
-…
Teac
hin
g A
reas
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng…
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d…
Lau
nd
ryU
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sC
ater
ing:
Ven
din
g M
ach
ines
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mO
pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
mD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Esca
lato
rsH
ote
l ro
om
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
bo
rato
ry w
ith
fu
me
cup
bo
ard
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Lou
nge
sM
ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
(o
ffic
e…N
urs
ery
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…Sm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…Sp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
…St
age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Heat Generators - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 16: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 16 of 54
Figure 6 - Heat Pump - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng…
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -…
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aD
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
gLa
bo
rato
ryIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eC
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
…C
ater
ing:
Eat
ing/
dri
nki
ng
are
aM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sC
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
…A
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsC
ater
ing:
Lim
ited
Ho
t Fo
od
…Lo
un
ges
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
…R
ecep
tio
nSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Toile
tW
ork
sho
pLa
bo
rato
ry w
ith
fu
me
cup
bo
ard
sC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Kit
chen
ette
(sm
all…
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Bar
sC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing…
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edEs
cala
tors
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asG
en
eric
War
dH
ote
l ro
om
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
un
dry
Lect
ure
th
eatr
eLi
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mLi
fts
Ligh
t P
lan
t R
oo
mM
ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
(o
ffic
e…N
urs
ery
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymR
ecre
atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…Sm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…Sp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
…St
age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Teac
hin
g A
reas
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Heat Pump - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 17: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 17 of 54
Figure 7 - Heat Recovery - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l…C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aC
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
…IT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Lib
rary
- r
ead
ing
roo
mLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Lift
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dTe
ach
ing
Are
asTo
ilet
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g…O
pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymB
ath
roo
mB
edro
om
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d…
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d…
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
a -
mu
ltip
le…
Co
nsu
ltin
g/tr
eat
men
t ro
om
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
illed
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alD
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
gEs
cala
tors
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asG
en
eric
War
dH
ote
l ro
om
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Lab
ora
tory
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
bo
rato
ry w
ith
fu
me
cup
bo
ard
sLa
un
dry
Lect
ure
th
eatr
eLo
un
ges
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice…
Nu
rse
ryO
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioR
ecep
tio
nR
ecre
atio
nal
: C
han
gin
g…R
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…Sm
all S
ho
p U
nit
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es a
rea
-…Sm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…Sp
ecta
tor
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(th
eat
res
and
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age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Wo
rksh
op
Heat Recovery - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 18 of 54
Figure 8 - Heat Rejection - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alIT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
Lect
ure
th
eatr
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pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
-…
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aLa
bo
rato
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ry w
ith
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me
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ard
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itio
n r
oo
ms,
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en
eric
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ecki
n a
reas
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rary
- s
tack
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d s
tore
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mM
eeti
ng
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om
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
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g ar
ea
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erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
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d…
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erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
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ille
d…
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
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hin
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lar
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ice
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mu
ltip
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rary
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pe
n s
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age
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nt…
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ght
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nt
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om
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om
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roo
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ater
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ater
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ll K
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itch
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ent
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ept
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re S
ales
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iagn
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ic Im
agin
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ic W
ard
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tel r
oo
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ry -
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rile
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re
adin
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om
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rey
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ks (
off
ice…
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rse
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atin
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eat
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hys
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erap
y St
ud
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atio
nal
: C
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cilit
ies…
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reat
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al :
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dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
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ess
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e/G
ymR
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atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…Sm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…Sp
ecta
tor
area
(th
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res
and
…Te
ach
ing
Are
asU
no
ccu
pie
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aiti
ng
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om
sW
areh
ou
se s
tora
geW
ork
sho
p
Heat Rejection - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 19 of 54
Figure 9 - Pumps - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
50
100
150
200
250
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…A
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsD
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
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ater
ing:
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sSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dSp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
…C
ater
ing:
Lim
ited
Ho
t Fo
od
…C
ater
ing:
Ven
din
g M
ach
ines
Co
nsu
ltin
g/tr
eat
men
t ro
om
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d…
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g…Li
fts
Rec
epti
on
Lab
ora
tory
Nu
rse
ryC
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
…Lo
un
ges
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -…
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
…St
age
(th
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res
and
eve
nt…
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Rec
reat
ion
al :
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angi
ng
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litie
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ach
ing
Are
asO
pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -…
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cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d…
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymTo
ilet
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mU
no
ccu
pie
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pac
eLi
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
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g: K
itch
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te (
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l…La
bo
rato
ry w
ith
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me
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bo
ard
sG
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Wo
rksh
op
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
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ept
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re S
ales
are
a -
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edD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
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lato
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en
eric
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ote
l ro
om
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ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
un
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t P
lan
t R
oo
mM
ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
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ffic
e…O
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…W
areh
ou
se s
tora
ge
Pumps - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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Figure 10 - Terminal Units - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Teac
hin
g A
reas
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
Toile
tR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
…La
bo
rato
ryIT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
-…C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
Co
nsu
ltin
g/tr
eat
men
t ro
om
Lou
nge
sSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dC
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
…Le
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -…
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mIT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
Rec
epti
on
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Lib
rary
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tack
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d s
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ircu
lati
on
are
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rs a
nd
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pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Cel
lula
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ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
…C
ater
ing:
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ing/
dri
nki
ng
are
aR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
…D
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
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bra
ry -
op
en
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cks
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
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ner
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ork
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pA
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsB
ath
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om
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g: B
ars
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g: F
ull
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n P
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arin
g…C
ater
ing:
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chen
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all…
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erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d…
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
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tors
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ibit
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om
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use
um
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ner
ic C
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kin
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eric
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ote
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om
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rary
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fts
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t P
lan
t R
oo
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ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
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ffic
e…N
urs
ery
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s…R
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s Su
ite/
Gym
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
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Spec
tato
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ea (
the
atre
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d…
Stag
e (t
he
atre
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ven
t…U
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eW
areh
ou
se s
tora
ge
Terminal Units - Average annual kWh/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 21 of 54
3.1 Air Handling Units in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2
The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for the Air Handling Unit sub-components shown in each column.
Table 4 – Air Handling Units sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
Extr
act
on
ly
Sup
ply
an
d e
xtra
ct
Sup
ply
an
d e
xtra
ct
wit
h h
eat
ing
and
coo
ling
vari
ants
, etc
Sup
ply
on
ly
Sup
ply
wit
h h
eat
ing
and
co
olin
g va
rian
ts
Activity Name AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
AVG kWh/m2.a
SD AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
AVG kWh/m2.a
SD AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
Assembly areas / halls 247.86 0.00 2.64 2.50
Catering: Eating/drinking area 78.33 4.47
Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink)
17.45
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 82.52 92.31 65.73 58.24 55.72 82.52
Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 101.37 11.58
Catering: Vending Machines 101.37 11.58
Cellular Office Area 8.83 5.70 2.76
Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 5.22 2.69 2.76 0.40
Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 10.70 0.00 5.03 1.63 5.86 6.81
IT: High Density IT Suite 52.34 15.53 10.00
IT: LAN Rooms 12.89 7.75 18.85 22.51 0.53
IT: Server Room 13.85 3.42
Laboratory 41.19 13.30
Lecture theatre 47.21
Library - open stacks 2.86 2.70
Library - stacks and storeroom 2.77
Light Plant Room 5.27 3.22 1.18
Meeting Room 38.44 18.66 11.42 4.47 0.64 38.44
Open Plan Office Area 11.96 10.19 3.09 0.48
Reception 3.17 1.05
Recreational : Changing facilities with showers 38.88
Recreational : Fitness Studio 19.44
Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 62.58 3.43 67.00 64.15
Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 20.89
Stage (theatres and event buildings) 0.79
Storage Area/Cupboard 14.68 8.18 7.88 8.12 9.28
Teaching Areas 15.84 4.70
Toilet 169.58 9.68 0.53 10.20 10.16
Workshop 25.39
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 22 of 54
3.2 All in One Systems in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2
The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for the All-in-one sub-components shown in each column.
Table 5 – All-in-one sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
ASH
P C
oo
ling
On
ly
ASH
P R
eve
rse
Cyc
le -
Co
olin
g O
pti
mis
ed
Activity Name AVG kWh/m2.a SD AVG kWh/m2.a SD
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 130.16
Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 130.16
IT: High Density IT Suite 152.27
IT: Server Room 640.69 273.03
Meeting Room 80.53 - 33.67
Open Plan Office Area 32.07 -
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 23 of 54
3.3 Cold Generators in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2
The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for the Cold Generator sub-components shown in each column.
Table 6 – Cold Generators sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
Ind
ire
ct
eva
po
rati
ve
coo
ler
Re
cip
roca
tin
g
Liq
uid
Ch
ille
rs
Scre
w L
iqu
id
Ch
ille
rs
Activity Name AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
AVG kWh/m2.a
SD AVG
kWh/m2.a SD
Assembly areas / halls 0.31 0.20 Catering: Eating/drinking area 1.31 0.82
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 14.15 0.77 1.18 0.74 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 0.44 0.27
Catering: Vending Machines 0.44 0.27 Cellular Office Area 46.53 14.53 0.80 1.22 0.76
Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 1.28 0.80 Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 10.06 0.55 0.84 0.53
IT: High Density IT Suite 400.08 21.90 33.59 21.00 IT: LAN Rooms 842.28 46.10 70.70 44.21
IT: Server Room 602.14 70.71 44.21 Laboratory 26.51 1.45
Lecture theatre 10.06 Library - open stacks 0.45 0.28
Library - stacks and storeroom 0.30 0.19 Light Plant Room 0.74 0.04 0.06 0.04
Meeting Room 14.16 2.65 1.31 0.82 Open Plan Office Area 19.35 1.56 0.98
Reception 0.84 0.53 Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 14.91
Storage Area/Cupboard 4.77 1.49 0.08 0.07 0.07 Teaching Areas 9.55 0.00 2.98 0.16
Toilet 2.23 0.12 0.18 0.12
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 24 of 54
3.4 Heat Generators in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2
The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for the Heat Generator sub-components shown in each column.
Table 7 – Heat Generators sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
Fuel
Fir
ed
Bo
ilers
Activity Name AVG kWh/m2.a SD Assembly areas / halls 2.36 3.21 Catering: Eating/drinking area 2.36 3.21 Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink) 5.87 - Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 1.75 2.81 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 0.03 - Catering: Vending Machines 0.03 - Cellular Office Area 1.75 2.82 Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 2.36 3.21 Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 1.75 2.82 IT: High Density IT Suite 1.75 2.82 IT: LAN Rooms 1.75 2.82 IT: Server Room 1.99 3.01 Laboratory 0.22 0.01 Lecture theatre 0.23 Library - open stacks 0.01 - Library - stacks and storeroom 0.01 - Meeting Room 1.55 2.67 Open Plan Office Area 0.07 0.11 Reception 2.36 3.21 Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 0.11 0.10 Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 0.23 Small Shop Unit Sales area - general 5.88 - Storage Area/Cupboard 1.75 2.82 Teaching Areas 0.22 0.01 Toilet 2.55 4.17
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 25 of 54
3.5 Heat Pumps in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for the Heat Pump sub-components shown in each column.
Table 8 – Heat Pump sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
ASH
P R
ever
se C
ycle
-
Co
olin
g O
pti
mis
ed
Activity Name AVG kWh/m2.a SD Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 58.21
IT: LAN Rooms 41.20
Meeting Room 58.21
Open Plan Office Area 58.21
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 26 of 54
3.6 Heat Rejection in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2
The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for the Heat Rejection sub-components shown in each column.
Table 9 – Heat Rejection sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
Forc
ed
air
con
de
nse
rs
Activity Name AVG kWh/m2.a SD
Assembly areas / halls 0.03 0.02 Catering: Eating/drinking area 0.07 0.04 Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 0.36 0.36 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 0.06 0.04 Catering: Vending Machines 0.06 0.04 Cellular Office Area 0.27 0.27 Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 0.04 0.03 Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 0.17 0.16 IT: High Density IT Suite 0.61 0.59 IT: LAN Rooms 3.59 3.52 IT: Server Room 97.83 89.70 Laboratory 0.65 0.04 Lecture theatre 1.31 Library - open stacks 0.08 0.05 Library - stacks and storeroom 0.08 0.05 Light Plant Room 0.08 0.08 Meeting Room 0.47 0.38 Open Plan Office Area 0.25 0.34 Reception 0.03 0.02 Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 0.82 Storage Area/Cupboard 0.07 0.08 Teaching Areas 0.48 0.03 Toilet 0.26 0.25
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3.7 Pumps in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for Pump sub-components shown in each column.
Table 10 – Pump sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
Ch
ille
d w
ate
r p
rim
ary
pu
mp
s
Ch
ille
d w
ate
r se
con
dar
y p
um
ps
Co
nd
en
ser
wat
er
pu
mp
s
DH
W s
eco
nd
ary
(cir
cula
tio
n)
pu
mp
s
Ho
t w
ate
r p
rim
ary
pu
mp
s
Ho
t w
ate
r se
con
dar
y p
um
ps
Activity Name AVG
kWh/m2 .a
SD AVG
kWh/m2 .a
SD AVG
kWh/m2 .a
SD AVG
kWh/m2 .a
SD AVG
kWh/m2 .a
SD AVG
kWh/m2 .a
SD
Assembly areas / halls 25.32 4.21 443.61 Catering: Eating/drinking area 6.33 1.05 110.90 Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink)
0.18 - 1.59 -
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 1.79 0.10 5.25 1.25 0.50 0.03 0.14 4.79 2.04 58.43 60.58
Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 6.33 0.12 2.11 110.90 Catering: Vending Machines 6.33 0.12 2.10 110.90
Cellular Office Area 1.79 0.10 5.25 1.25 0.50 0.03 0.29 0.04 3.44 2.06 46.74 43.57 Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 6.33 1.05 55.45 -
Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 1.79 0.10 4.89 1.25 0.50 0.03 0.18 - 3.23 2.51 40.94 60.59 IT: High Density IT Suite 22.35 1.22 61.15 15.71 0.50 0.03 0.36 - 48.39 26.30 511.76 757.36
IT: LAN Rooms 22.35 1.22 65.63 15.65 0.50 0.03 54.21 35.26 584.31 544.67 IT: Server Room 15.98 141.36 71.87 0.36 33.21 28.36 719.77 942.59
Laboratory 4.99 0.27 11.65 0.64 0.50 0.03 0.29 0.06 11.04 5.24 16.64 0.91 Laboratory with fume cupboards 0.21 0.03 5.19 0.63 Lecture theatre 7.43 17.33 0.52 24.76 24.76
Library - open stacks 6.33 1.05 110.90 Library - stacks and storeroom 2.43 0.40 42.53
Light Plant Room 0.50 0.03 Lounges 0.12 0.00 1.06 0.00
Meeting Room 1.62 0.30 4.80 1.48 0.46 0.09 4.31 2.32 39.66 42.66 Open Plan Office Area 1.86 5.66 1.15 0.52 3.62 3.63 57.00 42.79
Reception 6.33 0.18 - 1.41 0.31 110.90 Recreational : Changing facilities with showers 0.18 - 0.99 -
Recreational : Fitness Studio 0.12 - 0.66 - Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 0.50 0.03 0.15 3.06 1.17 25.59 37.87
Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 5.18 12.10 0.52 17.28 17.28 Stage (theatres and event buildings) 0.12 - 1.06 0.00 Storage Area/Cupboard 1.79 0.10 5.45 1.17 0.50 0.03 2.85 2.42 57.43 46.95
Teaching Areas 1.79 0.10 4.17 0.23 0.50 0.03 0.19 - 3.84 2.45 5.96 0.33 Toilet 1.79 0.10 4.89 1.25 0.50 0.03 0.14 4.80 2.03 40.94 60.59
Workshop 0.14 0.02
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3.8 Terminal Units in UK – Electricity Average Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2 The table shows the measured average and standard deviation annual energy use for all activity types for Terminal Unit sub-components shown in each column.
Table 11 – Terminal Unit sub-components in UK – Electricity Average and Standard Deviation Annual Energy Consumption - kWh/m2.
Fan
Co
ils –
2 o
r 4
tu
be
s
Activity Name AVG kWh/m2.a SD
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 11.17 0.61
Cellular Office Area 61.14 77.94
Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 11.17 0.61
IT: High Density IT Suite 93.14 86.08
IT: LAN Rooms 22.35 1.22
IT: Server Room 15.98
Laboratory 11.18 0.61
Lecture theatre 23.22
Meeting Room 10.11 1.89
Open Plan Office Area 11.61
Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 11.17 0.61
Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 11.61
Storage Area/Cupboard 11.17 0.61
Teaching Areas 124.37 196.06
Toilet 11.17 0.61
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4 Summary of measured electrical power demands by HVAC Component and sub-component type servicing a given activity
This section contains a table for each activity type for which we have data, summarising the range of electrical power demands found across all the HVAC component types monitored in iSERVcmb.
A summary of the measured average and standard deviation power demands by component and activity type is shown in Table 12. Values in brackets indicate the standard deviation found from this average. This data can be used to estimate the likely power demand to be to be incurred by the HVAC component while servicing this type of activity across UK. The more detailed tables that follow Table 12 also show the annual average, maximum and minimum power demands found for this equipment servicing the specific activity noted.
Zero figures are excluded from the minima i.e. the minima shows how little power might be drawn by energised equipment, and the average is also drawn only from those readings when the equipment is operational.
Table 12 – Benchmarks for measured Average and Standard Deviation Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component and Activity Type for UK
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
r
s
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
r
s
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Activity Name Sample
Size AVG
W/m2 SD
AVG W/m2
SD AVG
W/m2 SD
AVG W/m2
SD AVG
W/m2 SD
AVG W/m2
SD AVG
W/m2 SD
Assembly areas / halls 5 0.41 0.09 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 3.48 6.90 Catering: Eating/drinking area 8 2.85 3.61 0.65 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.06
Catering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot Meals 5 12.49 7.46 5.16 3.13 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.37 0.13
Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink) 7 3.25 3.02 0.29 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.14 0.11
Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area 6 14.15 9.58 15.29 1.53 1.46 6.82 16.66 0.07 0.07 0.69 0.96 2.17 0.48
Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets 2 6.75 7.29 15.29 0.11 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.14 0.14 Catering: Vending Machines 2 6.75 7.29 0.11 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.14 0.14
Cellular Office Area 43 2.59 2.24 1.20 1.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.48 0.72 47.45 62.31
Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation 7 0.98 0.63 0.33 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.58 0.65
Circulation area (corridors and stairways) 48 1.01 0.71 1.34 0.98 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.50 0.72 2.18 0.48
Consulting/treatment room 4 1.18 1.37 0.70 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07 IT: High Density IT Suite 20 6.62 4.22 17.55 33.96 27.14 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.10 6.06 9.49 11.76 9.53
IT: LAN Rooms 18 2.57 2.63 4.65 60.65 59.37 0.01 0.02 0.43 0.60 6.89 10.67 4.35 0.97
IT: Server Room 4 14.11 11.88 56.87 37.37 334.75 548.01 0.07 0.13 12.17 9.26 44.03 51.81 25.67
Laboratory 6 20.64 14.78 4.24 1.50 0.04 0.01 0.13 0.03 1.44 1.20 2.18 0.48
Laboratory with fume cupboards 3 19.99 0.00 2.39 0.73 0.57 0.48
Lecture theatre 4 4.98 4.08 0.62 0.50 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.96 1.37 3.67 Library - open stacks 2 0.44 0.10 0.12 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 1.41 2.21
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Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
r
s
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
r
s
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Library - stacks and storeroom 2 0.38 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.54 0.85
Lifts 32 0.82 0.51 0.49 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07
Light Plant Room 48 0.98 0.59 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.07 Lounges 7 3.02 4.19 1.00 0.52 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.13 0.10
Meeting Room 40 4.32 4.89 18.98 12.92 2.66 5.18 0.04 0.08 0.16 0.32 1.10 1.83 5.73 6.16
Open Plan Office Area 35 2.58 1.69 7.20 0.00 1.02 0.90 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.55 0.91 1.83
Reception 13 0.64 0.60 0.48 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.80
Recreational : Changing facilities with showers 2 2.76 2.50 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.08 Recreational : Fitness Studio 2 1.65 0.87 28.06 2.58 1.35 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.10 0.08
Recreational : Fitness Suite/Gym 1 1.04 28.06 2.30 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.10 0.08
Recreational : Sports ground changing rooms 5 12.09 11.91 39.32 0.01 0.01 0.42 0.61 2.16 0.47
Retail Warehouse Sales area - general 1 3.30 2.35 0.03 0.13 1.65 1.18 1.83
Small Shop Unit Sales area - general 2 0.13 0.02 Stage (theatres and event buildings) 1 0.09 2.49 0.77 0.15 0.13
Storage Area/Cupboard 28 1.51 1.47 0.11 0.10 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.48 0.74 2.17 0.48
Teaching Areas 4 2.47 1.18 0.41 0.22 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.49 0.44 17.08 25.82
Toilet 32 1.32 1.01 0.17 0.16 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.48 0.81 2.17 0.48
Waiting Rooms 3 1.60 1.76 0.90 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.07 Workshop 2 18.06 21.36 0.53 0.16 0.02 0.00
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Figure 11 - Measured Overall Power Demand in W/m2 by HVAC Component type. Summary for UK
Figure 11 shows how the average power demand varies by HVAC component and activity served across the UK. It can be seen that the large majority of the power demand
HVAC component: activity type combinations are less than 20 W/m2 on average across the UK. Figure 11 is further broken down into individual HVAC components in
Figure 12 to Figure 21, where the activities are rank ordered by their measured average power demands.
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The following figures present this data by individual component type .The activities for each component are rank ordered to clarify which activities were measured as demanding the largest average power demand when the component was operational.
Figure 12 - Air Handling Units - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Wo
rksh
op
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Lab
ora
tory
Op
erat
ing
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atre
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erin
g: K
itch
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te (
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l ap
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nce
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ure
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eatr
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ner
ic W
ard
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ull
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n P
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arin
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ot
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ort
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reat
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ith
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ot
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rary
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ales
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ater
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ack
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h C
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ecta
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res
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nt…
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ora
tory
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teri
leC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
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ltip
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h D
en
sity
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uit
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ng
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om
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er
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om
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rary
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ho
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nit
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re S
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ail W
are
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use
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es
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ater
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dri
nki
ng
are
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ater
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asIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
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ysio
ther
apy
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dio
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rage
Are
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up
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ard
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reat
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ess
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dio
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tin
g R
oo
ms
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
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hin
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age
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res
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nt
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ildin
gs)
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on
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atm
ent
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mSm
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t P
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t R
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lati
on
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ays)
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r O
ffic
e A
rea
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ail W
are
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es
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lect
rica
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etai
l War
eh
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se S
ale
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ge
ner
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areh
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se s
tora
geLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
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l Sh
op
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it S
ales
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ed
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epti
on
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ath
roo
mIn
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stri
al p
roce
ss a
rea
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
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ner
ic C
hec
kin
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nt
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om
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lti-
sto
rey
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par
ks (
off
ice
and
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ost
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rtem
Fac
ility
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Air Handling Units - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
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Figure 13 - All-in-one systems - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
10
20
30
40
50
60IT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
ch
angi
ng…
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ge
ner
alC
ater
ing:
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ited
Ho
t Fo
od
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par
atio
n…
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d C
abin
ets
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Dep
t St
ore
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es a
rea
- ge
ner
alC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
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t M
eals
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lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
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iple
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up
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pen
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n O
ffic
e A
rea
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ms
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cula
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rrid
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ecep
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ater
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ath
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mB
edro
om
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erin
g: B
ars
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erin
g: K
itch
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te (
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l ap
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g: V
end
ing
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hin
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ellu
lar
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ice
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on
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ent
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re S
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ic Im
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itio
n r
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ic W
ard
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vy P
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t R
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al p
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tory
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ry w
ith
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me
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ard
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ure
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en
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rary
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ead
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cks
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rero
om
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ght
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nt
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om
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nge
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ult
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r p
arks
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rse
ryO
per
atin
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y St
ud
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ost
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rtem
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ility
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reat
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al :
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angi
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ith
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ecre
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: R
ecr
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al P
oo
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l War
eh
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se S
ale
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ea -
ch
illed
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ail W
are
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es
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lect
rica
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all S
ho
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es a
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ille
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all S
ho
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nit
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es a
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ect
rica
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ecta
tor
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res
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he
atre
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d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
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ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
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ng
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om
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areh
ou
se s
tora
geW
ork
sho
p
All-in-one systems - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
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Figure 14 - Cold Generators - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sLa
bo
rato
ryC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
Ho
t M
eals
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edN
urs
ery
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)G
en
eric
War
dSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alLo
un
ges
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Po
st M
ort
em F
acili
tyB
edro
om
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mG
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
ele
ctri
cal
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aC
ater
ing:
Lim
ited
Ho
t Fo
od
Pre
par
atio
n…
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Wo
rksh
op
Co
nsu
ltin
g/tr
eat
men
t ro
om
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alB
ath
roo
mLi
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d s
tair
way
s)R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ch
illed
Lect
ure
th
eatr
eW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sSp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
occ
up
atio
nR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ge
ner
alR
ecep
tio
nR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s Su
ite/
Gym
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d C
abin
ets
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esW
areh
ou
se s
tora
geC
ater
ing:
Kit
chen
ette
(sm
all a
pp
lian
ces,
…Te
ach
ing
Are
asSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
ille
dSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dTo
ilet
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Lift
sLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Hea
vy P
lan
t R
oo
mIn
du
stri
al p
roce
ss a
rea
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
un
dry
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…R
ecre
atio
nal
: C
han
gin
g fa
cilit
ies
wit
h…
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d c
han
gin
g…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ele
ctri
cal
Cold Generators - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 35: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 35 of 54
Figure 15 - Dehumidification - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
0.002
0.004
0.006
0.008
0.01
0.012
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d s
tair
way
s)Li
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Bar
sC
ater
ing:
Eat
ing/
dri
nki
ng
are
aC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
Ho
t M
eals
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l ap
plia
nce
s,…
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d P
rep
arat
ion
…C
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
Cab
inet
sC
ater
ing:
Ven
din
g M
ach
ines
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
occ
up
atio
nC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asG
en
eric
War
dH
eavy
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
are
aIT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sIT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mLa
bo
rato
ryLa
bo
rato
ry -
Ste
rile
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Lau
nd
ryLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sLi
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Lift
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Lou
nge
sM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…N
urs
ery
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aO
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioP
ost
Mo
rtem
Fac
ility
Rec
epti
on
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s w
ith
…R
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s Su
ite/
Gym
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d c
han
gin
g…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ch
illed
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- e
lect
rica
lR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ge
ner
alSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
ille
dSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- el
ect
rica
lSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alSp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)St
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dTe
ach
ing
Are
asTo
ilet
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Wo
rksh
op
Dehumidification - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 36: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 36 of 54
Figure 16 - Heat Generators – Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Ge
ner
ic W
ard
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d…
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asC
ater
ing:
Bar
sEx
hib
itio
n r
oo
ms,
mu
seu
mC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
Ho
t…C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aM
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l…Le
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d…
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
…Li
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Lab
ora
tory
Wo
rksh
op
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sC
ater
ing:
Eat
ing/
dri
nki
ng
are
aR
ecep
tio
nSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dLi
fts
Toile
tTe
ach
ing
Are
asIT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d…
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ge
ner
alC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mO
pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s w
ith
…La
un
dry
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d c
han
gin
g…U
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sA
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsC
ater
ing:
Ven
din
g M
ach
ines
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mLo
un
ges
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymB
ath
roo
mB
edro
om
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
illed
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alH
eavy
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
are
aLa
bo
rato
ry -
Ste
rile
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Ligh
t P
lan
t R
oo
mM
ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
(o
ffic
e an
d…
Nu
rse
ryO
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioP
ost
Mo
rtem
Fac
ility
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- c
hill
edR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ele
ctri
cal
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
chill
ed
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
ele
ctri
cal
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Spec
tato
r ar
ea (
the
atre
s an
d e
ven
t…St
age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt
bu
ildin
gs)
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Heat Generators- Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
39.28 peak value for pool
![Page 37: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 37 of 54
Figure 17 - Heat Pump - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14R
ecre
atio
nal
: C
han
gin
g fa
cilit
ies
wit
h…
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Lab
ora
tory
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Lib
rary
- o
pe
n s
tack
sLi
bra
ry -
re
adin
g ro
om
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aD
iagn
ost
ic Im
agin
gIT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d C
abin
ets
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d P
rep
arat
ion
…Lo
un
ges
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mC
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
sta
irw
ays)
Sto
rage
Are
a/C
up
bo
ard
Rec
epti
on
Toile
tD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Wo
rksh
op
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asLa
bo
rato
ry w
ith
fu
me
cup
bo
ard
sC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
a -
mu
ltip
le o
ccu
pat
ion
Co
nsu
ltin
g/tr
eat
men
t ro
om
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l ap
plia
nce
s,…
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- g
en
eral
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Bar
sC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
Ho
t M
eals
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edEx
hib
itio
n r
oo
ms,
mu
seu
mG
en
eric
War
dH
eavy
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
are
aIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
un
dry
Lect
ure
th
eatr
eLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Lift
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…N
urs
ery
Op
erat
ing
The
atre
Ph
ysio
ther
apy
Stu
dio
Po
st M
ort
em F
acili
tyR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s Su
ite/
Gym
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d c
han
gin
g…R
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ch
illed
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- e
lect
rica
lSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
ille
dSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- el
ect
rica
lSp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)Te
ach
ing
Are
asU
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sW
areh
ou
se s
tora
ge
Heat Pump - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
![Page 38: iSERVcmb Measured Energy Consumption Data by HVAC ... · Intelligent Energy UK Project Number: IEE-10-272 Acronym: iSERV The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081402/6058247e15fa1f37366b1d3c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 38 of 54
Figure 18 - Heat Recovery - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l ap
plia
nce
s,…
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Cir
cula
tio
n a
rea
(co
rrid
ors
an
d s
tair
way
s)IT
: H
igh
De
nsi
ty IT
Su
ite
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Lib
rary
- r
ead
ing
roo
mLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Lift
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dTe
ach
ing
Are
asTo
ilet
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g H
ot
Mea
lsO
pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymB
ath
roo
mB
edro
om
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d P
rep
arat
ion
…C
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
Cab
inet
sC
ater
ing:
Ven
din
g M
ach
ines
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
occ
up
atio
nC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asG
en
eric
War
dH
eavy
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
are
aIT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mLa
bo
rato
ryLa
bo
rato
ry -
Ste
rile
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Lau
nd
ryLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Lou
nge
sM
ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
(o
ffic
e an
d…
Nu
rse
ryO
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioP
ost
Mo
rtem
Fac
ility
Rec
epti
on
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s w
ith
…R
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioR
ecre
atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
ch
angi
ng…
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- c
hill
edR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ele
ctri
cal
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- g
en
eral
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
chill
ed
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
ele
ctri
cal
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Spec
tato
r ar
ea (
the
atre
s an
d e
ven
t…St
age
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt
bu
ildin
gs)
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
War
eho
use
sto
rage
Wo
rksh
op
Heat Recovery - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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Figure 19 - Heat Rejection - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
1
2
3
4
5
6C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
a -
mu
ltip
le o
ccu
pat
ion
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aW
areh
ou
se s
tora
geC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mC
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
sta
irw
ays)
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sR
ecep
tio
nR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ge
ner
alSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dLa
bo
rato
ry w
ith
fu
me
cup
bo
ard
sSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
ille
dLa
bo
rato
ryLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
Ho
t M
eals
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eG
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d C
abin
ets
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)To
ilet
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l ap
plia
nce
s,…
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d P
rep
arat
ion
…Lo
un
ges
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
sLi
fts
Ligh
t P
lan
t R
oo
mB
ath
roo
mB
edro
om
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
illed
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
Ge
ner
ic W
ard
Hea
vy P
lan
t R
oo
mIn
du
stri
al p
roce
ss a
rea
Lab
ora
tory
- S
teri
leLa
un
dry
Lib
rary
- r
ead
ing
roo
mM
ult
i-st
ore
y ca
r p
arks
(o
ffic
e an
d…
Nu
rse
ryO
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioP
ost
Mo
rtem
Fac
ility
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s w
ith
…R
ecre
atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
ch
angi
ng…
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- c
hill
edR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ele
ctri
cal
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
ele
ctri
cal
Spec
tato
r ar
ea (
the
atre
s an
d e
ven
t…Te
ach
ing
Are
asU
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eW
ork
sho
p
Heat Rejection - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 40 of 54
Figure 20 - Pumps - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
5
10
15
20
25
30IT
: Se
rve
r R
oo
mLe
ctu
re t
hea
tre
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eIT
: LA
N R
oo
ms
Cat
erin
g: B
ars
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- g
en
eral
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- c
hill
edA
ssem
bly
are
as /
hal
lsLa
bo
rato
ry -
Ste
rile
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dSp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
Lab
ora
tory
Nu
rse
rySm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ge
ner
alLi
fts
Cat
erin
g: L
imit
ed H
ot
Foo
d P
rep
arat
ion
…M
eeti
ng
Ro
om
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esLa
bo
rato
ry w
ith
fu
me
cup
bo
ard
sO
pen
Pla
n O
ffic
e A
rea
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)Lo
un
ges
Cat
erin
g: F
ull
Kit
che
n P
rep
arin
g H
ot
Mea
lsC
on
sult
ing/
tre
atm
ent
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Eat
ing/
dri
nki
ng
are
aTe
ach
ing
Are
asC
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
sta
irw
ays)
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
chill
ed
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Spo
rts
gro
un
d c
han
gin
g…C
ater
ing:
Sn
ack
Bar
wit
h C
hill
ed
Cab
inet
sC
ater
ing:
Kit
chen
ette
(sm
all a
pp
lian
ces,
…R
ecep
tio
nLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Un
occ
up
ied
sp
ace
Toile
tR
ecre
atio
nal
: C
han
gin
g fa
cilit
ies
wit
h…
Wai
tin
g R
oo
ms
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
Lib
rary
- r
ead
ing
roo
mC
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
a -
mu
ltip
le o
ccu
pat
ion
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymEx
hib
itio
n r
oo
ms,
mu
seu
mLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Lib
rary
- s
tack
s an
d s
tore
roo
mR
ecre
atio
nal
: Fi
tnes
s St
ud
ioG
en
eric
Ch
ecki
n a
reas
Wo
rksh
op
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
mD
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
chill
edG
en
eric
War
dH
eavy
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
are
aLa
un
dry
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…O
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioP
ost
Mo
rtem
Fac
ility
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Re
crea
tio
nal
Po
ol
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- e
lect
rica
lSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- el
ect
rica
lW
areh
ou
se s
tora
ge
Pumps - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 41 of 54
Figure 21 - Terminal Units - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35C
ellu
lar
Off
ice
Are
aLa
bo
rato
ryTo
ilet
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Mee
tin
g R
oo
mSp
ecta
tor
area
(th
eat
res
and
eve
nt…
IT:
Serv
er
Ro
om
Lect
ure
th
eatr
eSt
ora
ge A
rea/
Cu
pb
oar
dN
urs
ery
Dia
gno
stic
Imag
ing
IT:
LAN
Ro
om
sSm
all S
ho
p U
nit
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
ille
dR
ecre
atio
nal
: Sp
ort
s gr
ou
nd
ch
angi
ng…
Co
nsu
ltin
g/tr
eat
men
t ro
om
Rec
epti
on
IT:
Hig
h D
en
sity
IT S
uit
eLo
un
ges
Wo
rksh
op
Op
en P
lan
Off
ice
Are
aR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ch
illed
Ret
ail W
are
ho
use
Sal
es
area
- g
en
eral
Cat
erin
g: E
atin
g/d
rin
kin
g ar
ea
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Ch
angi
ng
faci
litie
s w
ith
…D
ept
Sto
re S
ales
are
a -
gen
eral
Cel
lula
r O
ffic
e A
rea
- m
ult
iple
occ
up
atio
nW
areh
ou
se s
tora
geC
ircu
lati
on
are
a (c
orr
ido
rs a
nd
sta
irw
ays)
Cat
erin
g: S
nac
k B
ar w
ith
Ch
ille
d C
abin
ets
Cat
erin
g: V
end
ing
Mac
hin
esC
ater
ing:
Lim
ited
Ho
t Fo
od
Pre
par
atio
n…
Ass
emb
ly a
reas
/ h
alls
Bat
hro
om
Bed
roo
mC
ater
ing:
Bar
sC
ater
ing:
Fu
ll K
itch
en
Pre
par
ing
Ho
t M
eals
Cat
erin
g: K
itch
enet
te (
smal
l ap
plia
nce
s,…
Dep
t St
ore
Sal
es a
rea
- ch
illed
Exh
ibit
ion
ro
om
s, m
use
um
Ge
ner
ic C
hec
kin
are
asG
en
eric
War
dH
eavy
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Ind
ust
rial
pro
cess
are
aLa
bo
rato
ry -
Ste
rile
Lab
ora
tory
wit
h f
um
e cu
pb
oar
ds
Lau
nd
ryLi
bra
ry -
op
en
sta
cks
Lib
rary
- r
ead
ing
roo
mLi
bra
ry -
sta
cks
and
sto
rero
om
Lift
sLi
ght
Pla
nt
Ro
om
Mu
lti-
sto
rey
car
par
ks (
off
ice
and
…O
per
atin
g Th
eat
reP
hys
ioth
erap
y St
ud
ioP
ost
Mo
rtem
Fac
ility
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Stu
dio
Rec
reat
ion
al :
Fitn
ess
Suit
e/G
ymR
ecre
atio
nal
: R
ecr
eati
on
al P
oo
lR
etai
l War
eh
ou
se S
ale
s ar
ea -
ele
ctri
cal
Smal
l Sh
op
Un
it S
ales
are
a -
ele
ctri
cal
Stag
e (t
he
atre
s an
d e
ven
t b
uild
ings
)Te
ach
ing
Are
asU
no
ccu
pie
d s
pac
eW
aiti
ng
Ro
om
s
Terminal Units - Average W/m2 by Activity Type served
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 42 of 54
The following tables shows the average, maximum and minimum power demands found from the data for specific activity types for the overall component type shown in each column.
4.1 Assembly areas / halls - Electricity power demand summary by component Table 13– Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Assembly areas / halls. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 0.41 0.09 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 3.48 6.90
Maximum 1.55 0.39 2.64 1.05 0.01 - 0.28 0.11 9.52 17.70
Minimum 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.10
Sample Size 2.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 5.00
4.2 Catering: Eating/drinking area – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 14 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Catering: Eating/drinking area. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 2.85 3.61 0.65 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.06
Maximum 10.95 17.31 5.10 4.16 0.01 0.00 0.24 0.33 0.23 0.20
Minimum 0.16 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
Sample Size 8.00 8.00 6.00 5.00 13.00
4.3 Catering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot Meals – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 15 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Catering: Full Kitchen Preparing Hot Meals. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 12.49 7.46 5.16 3.13 0.01 - 0.05 0.00 0.37 0.13 Maximum 20.99 14.95 21.39 7.13 0.01 - 0.10 - 0.57 0.38
Minimum 0.91 1.14 0.02 0.01 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.01 0.01
Sample Size 5.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 10.00
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 43 of 54
4.4 Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink) – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 16 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Catering: Kitchenette (small appliances, fridge and sink). Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 3.25 3.02 0.29 0.15 0.00 - 0.01 - 0.14 0.11 Maximum 6.22 5.11 1.25 0.55 0.00 - 0.01 0.00 0.23 0.18
Minimum 0.73 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.03 0.06
Sample Size 7.00 8.00 3.00 3.00 19.00
4.5 Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 17 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Catering: Limited Hot Food Preparation Area. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 14.15 9.58 15.29 1.53 1.46 6.82 16.66 0.07 0.07 0.69 0.96 2.17 14.15
Maximum 68.59 58.25 79.26 9.83 3.75 47.67 116.62 0.45 0.17 2.23 2.75 7.60 68.59
Minimum 0.74 1.00 0.95 0.15 0.30 2.51 6.14 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.23 0.74
Sample Size 5.00 1.00 4.00 6.00 4.00 17.00 2.00 5.00
4.6 Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 18 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Catering: Snack Bar with Chilled Cabinets. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 6.75 7.29 15.29 0.11 0.02 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 0.14 0.14
Maximum 35.11 37.65 79.27 3.70 1.48 0.02 - 0.52 0.21 0.71 0.75 Minimum 0.38 0.51 0.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sample Size 2.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 3.00
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
Page 44 of 54
4.7 Catering: Vending Machines – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 19 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Catering: Vending Machines. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 6.75 7.29 0.11 0.02 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 0.14 0.14 Maximum 35.10 37.65 3.69 1.48 0.02 0.00 0.51 0.20 0.71 0.75
Minimum 0.38 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sample Size 2.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 3.00
4.8 Cellular Office Area – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 20 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Cellular Office Area. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 2.59 2.24 1.20 1.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.48 0.72 47.45 62.31
Maximum 6.06 4.03 6.52 4.43 0.04 0.07 0.20 0.21 1.46 2.27 736.77 1,104.19
Minimum 0.28 0.42 0.05 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.10 33.98 51.49
Sample Size 43.00 12.00 8.00 7.00 38.00 6.00
4.9 Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 21 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Cellular Office Area - multiple occupation. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 0.98 0.63 0.33 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.58 0.65
Maximum 7.28 5.81 10.83 4.33 0.01 0.00 0.36 0.14 2.51 2.81
Minimum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01
Sample Size 3.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 5.00
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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4.10 Circulation area (corridors and stairways) – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 22 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Circulation area (corridors and stairways). Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.01 0.71 1.34 0.98 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.50 0.72 2.18 0.48
Maximum 3.04 3.83 6.50 2.49 0.05 0.07 0.13 0.12 1.32 2.13 7.62 4.04
Minimum 0.10 0.15 0.04 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.24 0.33
Sample Size 47.00 12.00 9.00 7.00 34.00 2.00
4.11 Consulting/treatment room – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 23 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Consulting/treatment room. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.18 1.37 0.70 0.41 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07
Maximum 2.25 2.58 2.88 0.96 0.01 - 0.01 - 0.16 0.08
Minimum 0.57 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.01 0.00
Sample Size 4.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 10.00
4.12 IT: High Density IT Suite – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 24 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for IT: High Density IT Suite. Average W/m2 and SD for component and activity (Standard Deviation).
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 6.62 4.22 17.55 33.96 27.14 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.10 6.06 9.49 11.76 9.53
Maximum 18.49 13.90 62.36 187.67 121.24 0.04 0.07 0.45 0.46 16.54 27.36 1,027.22 2,218.04
Minimum 0.48 0.59 2.29 1.43 4.63 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.74 1.37 2.24 1.65
Sample Size 19.00 1.00 13.00 8.00 7.00 33.00 5.00
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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4.13 IT: LAN Rooms – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 25 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for IT: LAN Rooms. Average W/m2 and SD for component and activity (Standard Deviation).
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 2.57 2.63 4.65 60.65 59.37 0.01 0.02 0.43 0.60 6.89 10.67 4.35 0.97
Maximum 10.86 14.85 5.07 334.69 255.50 0.04 0.07 2.68 2.71 23.16 33.26 15.24 8.10
Minimum 0.32 0.80 0.60 3.65 11.17 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.10 0.43 0.92 0.47 0.66
Sample Size 12.00 1.00 10.00 8.00 7.00 26.00 2.00
4.14 IT: Server Room – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 26 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for IT: Server Room. Average W/m2 and SD for component and activity (Standard Deviation).
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 14.11 11.88 56.87 37.37 334.75 548.01 0.07 0.13 12.17 9.26 44.03 51.81 25.67
Maximum 45.88 60.91 166.72 121.99 2,072.75 2,560.45 0.34 0.66 40.56 25.49 213.99 271.00 133.28
Minimum 6.54 11.32 3.98 7.22 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.25 0.00
Sample Size 3.00 7.00 3.00 4.00 7.00 9.00 1.00
4.15 Laboratory – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 27 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Laboratory. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 20.64 14.78 4.24 1.50 0.04 0.01 0.13 0.03 1.44 1.20 2.18 0.48
Maximum 39.07 19.63 17.10 9.87 0.15 0.08 0.45 0.24 4.09 4.62 7.62 4.04
Minimum 1.62 1.25 0.45 0.59 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.31 0.41 0.24 0.33
Sample Size 6.00 5.00 2.00 2.00 22.00 2.00
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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4.16 Laboratory with fume cupboards – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 28 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Laboratory with fume cupboards. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 19.99 - 2.39 0.73 0.57 0.48 Maximum 40.40 - 12.64 3.20 1.08 0.81 Minimum 1.75 - 0.01 0.01 0.19 0.27
Sample Size 2.00 2.00 10.00
4.17 Lecture theatre – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 29 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Lecture theatre. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Hea
t
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
U
nit
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 4.98 4.08 0.62 0.50 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.10 0.96 1.37 3.67 Maximum 10.91 8.87 2.24 1.02 0.03 0.04 0.15 0.26 2.32 3.67 9.53 Minimum 2.10 3.02 0.06 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.21 0.37 0.94
Sample Size 4.00 7.00 4.00 4.00 15.00 1.00
4.18 Library - open stacks – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 30 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Library - open stacks. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 0.44 0.10 0.12 0.02 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 1.41 2.21 Maximum 1.68 0.43 3.84 1.54 0.01 0.00 0.68 0.27 3.85 5.57 Minimum 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.03
Sample Size 2.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 3.00
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iSERVcmb Measured Data Analysis – UK HERO Dataset
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4.19 Library - stacks and storeroom – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 31 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Library - stacks and storeroom. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 0.38 0.08 0.01 0.00 - 0.02 0.00 0.54 0.85 Maximum 2.03 2.52 1.01 0.01 - 0.68 0.27 1.48 2.14 Minimum 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
Sample Size 1.00 2.00 3.00 2.00 3.00
4.20 Lifts – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 32 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Lifts. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Hea
t
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 0.82 0.51 0.49 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.07 Maximum 1.91 1.31 1.99 0.67 0.01 - 0.01 - 0.16 0.08 Minimum 0.09 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 - 0.01 0.00
Sample Size 32.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 10.00
4.21 Light Plant Room – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 33 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Light Plant Room. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld G
en
era
tors
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD
Average 0.98 0.59 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.07 Maximum 2.58 2.02 0.29 0.20 0.06 0.06 0.24 0.13 Minimum 0.10 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01
Sample Size 47.00 12.00 7.00 6.00
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4.22 Lounges – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 34 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Lounges. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 3.02 4.19 1.00 0.52 0.00 0.00 0.01 - 0.13 0.10 Maximum 6.12 6.74 4.52 1.97 0.01 0.00 0.01 - 0.22 0.16 Minimum 0.21 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.03 0.06
Sample Size 7.00 8.00 3.00 3.00 20.00
4.23 Meeting Room – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 35 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Meeting Rooms. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
All
in O
ne
Sys
tem
s
Co
ld G
en
era
tors
He
at G
en
era
tors
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 4.32 4.89 18.98 12.92 2.66 5.18 0.04 0.08 0.16 0.32 1.10 1.83 5.73 6.16
Maximum 14.59 25.17 60.17 28.85 14.13 26.63 0.18 0.42 0.89 1.61 4.82 9.28 27.28 34.17
Minimum 0.24 0.22 0.29 0.11 0.06 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.16 0.27
Sample Size 35.00 3.00 11.00 9.00 8.00 33.00 3.00
4.24 Open Plan Office Area – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 36 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Open Plan Office areas. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
All
in O
ne
Sys
tem
s
Co
ld G
en
era
tors
He
at G
en
era
tors
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 2.58 1.69 7.20 - 1.02 0.90 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.55 0.91 1.83
Maximum 7.23 5.63 35.72 - 6.28 4.67 0.02 0.03 0.19 0.22 1.61 2.66 4.76
Minimum 0.22 0.36 0.00 - 0.09 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.47
Sample Size 28.00 2.00 9.00 7.00 6.00 20.00 1.00
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4.25 Reception – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 37 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Reception. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 0.64 0.60 0.48 0.28 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.80 Maximum 1.83 1.83 3.38 2.38 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.12 0.70 2.10 Minimum 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.06
Sample Size 12.00 10.00 6.00 5.00 23.00
4.26 Recreational: Changing facilities with showers – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 38 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Recreational: Changing facilities with showers. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD
Average 2.76 2.50 0.00 - 0.11 0.08 Maximum 6.89 7.71 0.01 - 0.18 0.09 Minimum 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sample Size 2.00 3.00 11.00
4.27 Recreational: Fitness Studio – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 39 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Recreational: Fitness Studio. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.65 0.87 28.06 2.58 1.35 0.00 - 0.01 - 0.10 0.08
Maximum 3.86 3.27 30.63 11.67 5.09 0.01 - 0.01 - 0.15 0.10
Minimum 0.06 0.03 3.62 0.01 0.01 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04
Sample Size 2.00 1.00 8.00 3.00 3.00 20.00
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4.28 Recreational: Fitness Suite/Gym – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 40 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Recreational: Fitness Suite/Gym. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
He
at R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.04 28.06 2.30 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.10 0.08
Maximum 1.55 30.63 9.53 3.18 0.01 0.00 0.01 - 0.12 0.09
Minimum 0.08 3.62 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sample Size 1.00 1.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 10.00
4.29 Recreational: Sports ground changing rooms – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 41 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Recreational: Sports ground changing rooms. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
All
in O
ne
Syst
em
s
He
at
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 12.09 11.91 39.32 0.01 0.01 0.42 0.61 2.16 0.47
Maximum 55.89 70.04 42.93 0.04 0.04 1.22 1.78 7.56 3.97
Minimum 0.60 1.14 5.07 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.23 0.33
Sample Size 5.00 1.00 8.00 16.00 2.00
4.30 Retail Warehouse Sales area – general – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 42 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Retail Warehouse Sales area – general. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t G
ener
ato
rs
Hea
t
Re
ject
ion
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
U
nit
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 3.30 2.35 0.03 0.13 1.65 1.18 1.83 Maximum 8.57 6.12 0.09 0.33 4.30 3.06 4.76 Minimum 0.85 0.60 0.01 0.03 0.42 0.30 0.47
Sample Size 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 5.00 1.00
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4.31 Small Shop Unit Sales area – general – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 43 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Small Shop Unit Sales area – general. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2 SD
Average 0.13 0.02 Maximum 0.34 0.08 Minimum 0.04 0.00
Sample Size 2.00
4.32 Stage (theatres and event buildings) – Electricity power demand summary by component
Table 44 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Stage (theatres and event buildings). Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD Average W/m2 SD
Average 0.09 2.49 0.77 0.15 0.13 Maximum 0.25 13.18 3.34 0.27 0.20 Minimum 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.08
Sample Size 1.00 2.00 10.00
4.33 Storage Area/Cupboard – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 45 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Storage Area/Cupboard. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.51 1.47 0.11 0.10 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.48 0.74 2.17 0.48 Maximum 5.39 6.45 0.58 0.41 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.06 1.50 2.35 7.62 4.04 Minimum 0.12 0.23 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.07 0.24 0.33
Sample Size 27.00 12.00 8.00 7.00 35.00 2.00
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4.34 Teaching Areas – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 46 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Teaching Areas. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g
Un
its
Co
ld
Gen
erat
ors
Hea
t G
ener
ato
rs
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 2.47 1.18 0.41 0.22 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.49 0.44 17.08 25.82
Maximum 10.11 6.11 1.63 0.80 0.15 0.08 0.32 0.17 1.56 1.80 87.13 137.73
Minimum 0.20 0.35 0.03 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.10 1.48 2.17
Sample Size 4.00 4.00 2.00 2.00 18.00 3.00
4.35 Toilet – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 47 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Toilet. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Hea
t
Ge
ne
rato
rs
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Term
inal
Un
its
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.32 1.01 0.17 0.16 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.48 0.81 2.17 0.48
Maximum 3.57 4.76 0.88 0.68 0.05 0.07 0.19 0.19 1.47 2.39 7.62 4.04
Minimum 0.15 0.24 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.24 0.33
Sample Size 31.00 10.00 8.00 7.00 27.00 2.00
4.36 Waiting Rooms – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 48 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Waiting Rooms. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld G
ener
ato
rs
Hea
t G
ener
ato
rs
Hea
t R
eje
ctio
n
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 1.60 1.76 0.90 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.01 - 0.12 0.07 Maximum 3.11 3.23 3.69 1.23 0.01 - 0.01 0.00 0.16 0.08 Minimum 0.84 1.42 0.00 0.00 0.00 - 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00
Sample Size 3.00 6.00 3.00 3.00 10.00
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4.37 Workshop – Electricity power demand summary by component Table 49 – Measured Overall Power Demands in W/m2 Summary by HVAC Component Type for Workshop. Average W/m2 and Standard Deviation
Air
Han
dlin
g U
nit
s
Co
ld G
ener
ato
rs
Pu
mp
s
Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD Average W/m2
SD
Average 18.06 21.36 0.53 0.16 0.02 0.00 Maximum 30.02 31.06 2.80 0.71 0.05 0.01 Minimum 1.27 1.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Sample Size 2.00 2.00 3.00
5 References Knight I P – “Measured Energy Use and Power Demands in UKan HVAC Components”, CIBSE ASHRAE Technical Symposium, Dublin, Ireland, 3-4 April 2014.
Jomni Y, v. Deventer J and Delsing J – “Comparing heat measurement accuracy of a new adaptive algorithm with existing heat meters in accordance to the Swedish test standard”, 10th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling, September 3 – 5, 2006.