Islam in IndonesiaBy Aisha Mahdiya

8/10/2014

o Indonesia is the largest Muslim

country in the world by population,

with over 200 million (88.2% of total

population) people who identify

themselves as Muslim.

Spread of Islam in Indonesia

• Arab Muslim traders brought Islam to Indonesia possibly

as early as the 8th century through Banda Aceh.

• Islam was brought into Indonesia by traders

from Gujarat, India during 11th century.

• The spread of Islam was initially driven by increasing

trade links outside of the archipelago.

• Organised spread of Islam is also evident by the

existence of Wali Sanga (nine holy patriarch) which

credited for the Islamisation of Indonesia from the 14th

century to the end of the 19th century in Java Island.

Spread of Islam in Indonesia By

Region

Malacca

• The great Malay trading state The Sultanate of Malacca founded by Sultan Parameswara the beginning of the fifteenth century.

• Parameswara, himself is known to have converted to Islam, and taken the name Iskandar Shah after the arrival of the Hui-Chinese Admiral Zheng He.

Northern Sumatra

• Firmer evidence documenting continued cultural transitions comes from two late-fourteenth century gravestones from Minye Tujoh in North Sumatra, each with Islamic inscriptions but in Indian-type characters and the other Arabic.

Central and Eastern Java

• Some of the coastal Muslim lords were converted Javanese, or Muslim Chinese, Indians, Arabs, and Malays who had settled and established their trading state on the coast.

• An early Muslim gravestone date AH 822 (AD 1419) has been found at Gresik an East Javanese port and marks the burial of Maulana Malik Ibrahim.

Western Java

• some were Javanese who had adopted Islam, and others were not originally Javanese but Muslim traders settling along established trading routes including Chinese, Indians, Arabs and Malays.

Other areas

• There is no evidence of the adoption of Islam by Indonesians before the sixteenth century in areas outside of Java, Sumatra, the sultanates of Ternate and Tidore in Maluku, and Brunei and the Malay Peninsula.

Demographics

• The majority of muslims live in several regions, namely :

Sumatra Island

Java Island

West Nusa Tenggara

Sulawesi Island

Coastal areas of Kalimantan

North Maluku

• The minority of muslims live in several regions,

namely :

Parts of North Sumatra

East Nusa Tenggara

Bali IslandMost inland

areas of Kalimantan

North Sulawesi

Papua Island

Islamic Sects in Indonesia

Sunni - Shafi‘ischool

of jurisprudence (99%)

Shi'ite (0.5%)

Ahmadiyya(0.2%)

Islamic Organizations in

Indonesia

• It was founded in 1912 by Ahmad Dahlan in the city of Yogyakarta.

• The central doctrine of Muhammadiyah is Sunni Islam. However, the main focus of the Muhammadiyah movement is to heighten people's sense of moral responsibility, purifying their faith to true Islam.

Muhammadiyah

• The NU was established by by Hasjim Asjari on January 31, 1926 as a reaction to the modernist Muhammadiyah organization.

• The central doctrine of Nahdlatul Ulama is Sunni Islam.

NahdlatulUlama (NU)

• Which aims to promote a pluralistic and more liberal interpretation of Islamic thinking.

Islam Liberal Network (JIL)

• Which advocates a pan-Islamic caliphate.Hizbut Tahrir

Indonesia (HTI)

• Which advocates implementation of Shari'a as a precursor to an Islamic state.

Indonesian Mujahedeen

Council (MMI)

• It was first established on 3 January 1972

• Indonesia Institute of Islamic Dawah (LDII) established in accordance with the ideals of the pioneering scholars of the Muslims as a place to learn, practice and propagate Islamic teachings are based purely on the Quran and hadith.

Indonesian Islamic

Propagation Institute(LDII)

Indonesian Council of

Ulamas (MUI)• It is Indonesia's top Muslim clerical body.

• The council comprises all Indonesian Muslim groups

including Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), Muhammadiyah, and

the more subtle name like Persis, Al Irsyad, Majelis

Mujahidin Indonesia (MMI), Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia

(HTI), Forum Ulama Umat Islam (FUUI) and the Islamic

Defender Front (FPI).

• The Ahlul Bait Indonesia (Shi'ite) and Jemaat

Ahmadiyyah Indonesia (Ahmadiyya) could not be

accepted as its member.

Mosques in Indonesia

Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta, Indonesia

Baiturrahman Grand Mosque in Banda

Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia

• Hunto Sultan Amai Mosque in Gorontalo

City, Gorontalo, Indonesia

Islamic Boarding School in

Indonesia

It is a boarding traditional education, where the students

all live together and study under the guidance of

teachers who are popularly known as Kiai and have a

place to stay for the students.

The classical Islamic books which are taught at the

school according to Zamakhsyari Dhofir can be classified

into 8 groups, namely: (1) Nahwu, and Sarf

(morphology), (2) Fiqh (law), (3) Usul Fiqh, (4) Hadith,

(5) Tafsir, (6) Tawheed (theology), (7) Tasawuf and

Ethics, (8) other branches such as Tarikh (history) and

Balaghah

Langitan Islamic Boarding School

in Tuban, Indonesia

Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of

Malang, Indonesia

Eid al-Fitri in Indonesia

Sacrifice (Qurban) on Eid al-Adha

in Indonesia