it 5_yud normal child

8/10/2019 IT 5_YUD Normal Child

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Normal Child

Yudianita Kesuma


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Body Weight

Birth weight for full term baby : 2.5004.000 g

Low birth weight : < 2.500 g

Lose weight in the first week < 10 % BW

BW regained in the second week

First 6 mo : gain of 150-250 g/wk

6 mo : 2 x birth weight

6-9 mo : 90-150 g/wk

9-12 mo : 60-90 g/wk

12 mo : 3 x birth weight

Second year : 40 g/wk


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AgeOccipitofrontal

Circumference

Height Weight Dentition

Birth 35.0 cm 50.8 cm 3.0 to 3.5 kg

Doubles birthweight by 5

mo

Central incisors6 mo

Lateral incisors8 mo

1 year 47.0 cm 76.2 cm 10.0 kg

Triples birthweight

First molars14 mo

Canines19 mo

2 year 49.0 cm 88.9 cm 12.0 to 12.5 kg

Quadruples birthweight

Second molars24 mo

Johnson CP and Blasco PA. Infant Growth and Development. Pediatrics in Review Vol. 18 No. 7 July 1997

TABLE 1.

Average Physical Growth Parameters


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Catch-up growth

When a child has had an illness or period of

starvation and is then restored to health, he shows

catch-up growthhis growth rate is far more rapid

than normal untill he has caught up to the pointwhich he would have reached but for his illness.

If the cause of the delayed growth lasts for a long

time, he may never catch up.

The longer the illness lasts, the greater is the

eventual retardation, and the more the weight is

below its own growth curve


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Body length / height

Age Body height / length

Newborn

1 yr

4 yr

5 yr

13 yr

+ 50 cm

1,5 x birth length

2 x birth length

2 x birth length + 5 cm

3 x birth length


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Head circumference

Newborn : 3335 cm

1 yr : 4547 cm

2 yr : 4850 cm 5 yr : 5153 cm

In first year head circ increases + 1 cm/mo

From 2-7 yr increases + cm / yr From 7-10 yr increases + 1/3 cm / yr


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Dentition of Primary teeth

Primary Age at eruption Age at sheding

teeth Max Mand Max Mand

Central incissors 6-8 mo 5-7 mo 7-8 yr 6-7 yr

Lateral incisors 8-11 mo 7-10 mo 8-9 yr 7-8 yr

Canines 16-20 mo 16-20 mo 11-12 yr 9-11 yr

1 st molars 10-16 mo 10-16 mo 10-11 yr 10-12 yr2 nd molars 20-30 mo 20-30 mo 10-12 yr 11-13 yr


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Dentition of Secondary teeth

Secondary Age at eruption

teeth Max Mand

Central incissors 7-8 yr 6-7 yr

Lateral incisors 8-9 yr 7-8 yrCanines 11-12 yr 9-11 yr

1 st premolar 10-11 yr 10-12 yr

2 nd premolar 10-12 yr 11-13 yr

1 st molars 6-7 yr 6-7 yr2 nd molars 12-13 yr 12-13 yr

3 rd molars 17-22 yr 17-22 yr


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Areas of development

Gross motoric Fine motor and vision

Speech, language and hearing

Social, emotional and behaviour


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Gross motor development

Involves the use of muscles to gain

independent control of the body movements

Dependent on adequate growth and physical

development within the body

Motor dev. are not possible unless the bodysystems such as the brain, nervous tissue and

muscles are increased in size and function


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Gross motor development (mo)

Head steady in sitting 2,0

Pull to sit, no head lag 3,0

Hands together in midline 3,0

Asymetric tonic neck reflex gone 4,0

Sits without support 6,0

Rolls back to stomach 6,5

Crawling 10Walks alone 12,0

Crawl up stair 15


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Gross motor development (mo)

Runs stiffy, walks up stairs with one 18

hand held

Runs well, walks up and down stairs 24one step at a time, open doors, jumps

Goes up stairs alternating feet 30

Rides tricycle 36

Hops on one foot, throws ball 48

Skips 60


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Fine motor development

The infant needs to acquire visual attention

and a pincer grip to develop the dexterity

required to perform complex tasks such as

feeding, dressing, writing, and playing

computer games


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Fine motor developent (mo)

Grasps ratle 3,5

Reaches for objects 4,0

Palmar grasp gone 4,0

Transfer object hand to hand 5,5

Thumb-finger grasp 8,0

Turns pages of books 12,0

Scribbles 13,0

Build tower of 2 cubes 15,0

Build tower of 4 cubes 18 0


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Fine motor developent (mo)

Tower of 7 cubes 24

Makes vertical and horizontal strokes, 30

Imitates circular strokes

Imitates a cross 36

Draws a man with 2-4 parts,48

Imitates square

Draws triangle 60


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Speech & language development

Speech is not as same as language

Language is a boarder form of communicationencompassing aspects

non verbal : writing, sign language,facial expression, gestures

verbal : speaking

Speech is the part of language where sounds areused to convey meaning


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Speech development (mo)

Cooing and gurgling in response to - 1-2some one speaking

Gurgling and babling and holding - 3

conversationMonosyllabic babble, ge, de, ke 6

Inhibits to no

Follows one step command with gesture 7Follows one step command without - 10

gesture


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Speech development (mo)

Speaks 1st real word 12

Speaks 4 - 6 words 15

Identifies one or more parts of body 18

Puts 3 words together 24

Knows full name 30

Knows age and sex, count 3 objects 36

Tells a story, counts 4 pennies 48

Names 4 colors, Counts 10 pennies 60


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Social development

Involves the process of learning the sklills and

attitudes which enable individuals ti live easily

with other members of the community


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Social development (mo)

Watches its mothers face when being 0,5

fed and talk to

Begins to smile 1

Smiles on social contact, 3

listen to music, says aah, ngah

Laughs out loud, shows displeasure 4

if social contact is broken,

excited at sight of food


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Prefers mother, enjoy mirror 6

Responds to sound of name, 10

plays peek-a-boo or pat-a-cake,

waves bye-bye

Plays simple bell game, 12

Indicates some desires or needs 16by pointing

Feeds self 18


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Handles spoon well 24

Pretends in play, 30

helps put things away

Plays simple games (paralel), 36washes hands, helps in dressing

Plays with several children, 48

goes to toilet alone

Dresses and undresses, 60

Domestic role-playing

it 5_yud normal child

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