it’s a huge continent! regions of africa what do you already know about africa that would affect...
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Music of Africa
It’s a HUGE continent!
Regions of AfricaWhat do you already know about Africa that would affect the cultures of the different regions? (colonization, slave trade, economic trade, religion, etc.)
How has Africa influenced its neighbors?
African Instruments
Djembe a rope-tuned skin-
covered goblet drum played with bare hands, originally from West Africa.
Membranophone
Traditionally only played by men.
The wikipedia page for djembe has tons of great information.
Djembe Sound Examples
ASU Island Stomp – Rhythmic Variations
Kuku – Djembe and Dundun
Kuku Dance
Yankadi and Macru
Yankadi Rhythms
Dundun Family Used to accompany the
Djembe in West African Music. Double sided membranophone. Comes in three sizes and is played using sticks. Often a bell (piece of metal) is connected to the instrument and played along with the drum utilizing polyrhythms.
Sabar Senegalese drum
originally used for communication with other villages. One sided membranophone. Played using one hand and a stick.
Sabar Dancing
Sabar Drumming
Sabar Concerto – Mark Sunkett
Talking Drum (Dundun, Tama, etc.)
This drum goes by many names, but in English is known as a talking drum.
It is played by using a stick and hand to create sound, and an arm squeezes the cords on the sides of the instrument to change pitch.
In an ensemble, the drums will be tuned to different pitches.
Example of the Talking Drum.
Ensemble
Mbira – Thumb Piano This instrument goes by many
names, however mbira (mmm beerah) is the most commonly used. It is also called ilimba or kilimba.
Comes from the Shona people in Zimbabwe and is played in Southern and Eastern Africa.
The resonator around the instrument is called deze.
A rattling sound is well-liked for this instrument so you can often find bottle caps nailed to the instrument or deze to create this effect.
Part of the lamellophone family.
Example of mbira music.Mbira Jazz
Mbira Video
Kora Stringed instrument from
West Africa.
A harp built from a large calabash cut in half and covered with cow skin to make a resonator with a long hardwood neck. The player uses only the thumb and index finger of both hands to pluck the strings in polyrhythmic patterns (using the remaining fingers to secure the instrument by holding the hand posts on either side of the strings).
Kora Examples Kora Video
Wikipedia
Kora Video – close-up of technique.
Kora Ensemble
Zeze Bowed or plucked string
instrument from sub-saharan Africa.
Zeze with ensemble
Zeze fiddle
Balafon The precursor to the
marimba.
Idiophone
Wooden bars of various lengths produce different pitches. Gourds are used as resonators.
Balafon example
Balafon in an ensemble
Other Instruments Shekere
Caxixi
Udu
Whoo! That was a lot of instruments.
What have we now figured out about African music? What else do we need to know?
What do we now know?
Characteristics of African Music
New World Encyclopedia
Vocab WordsVocabulary Definition
Hocket dividing a melody between two parts, notes in one part coinciding with rests in the other.
Oral Tradition cultural material and tradition transmitted orally from one generation to another.
Cross-Rhythm the effect produced when two conflicting rhythms are heard together.
Polyrhythm when two or more rhythms with different pulses are heard together, eg where one drum is playing in triple time and another is playing in quadruple time, three against four.
Music Listening 1 Strophic Form
Acoustic Guitar – Finger style
Bass line – ostinato – QQQQ
Music Listening 2 Zeze
Membraphones
Electronic – possible E. Drum – ostinato
E. Bass
Male Voice – Call and Response
Music Listening 3 E. Bass, E. Guitar – high register, Drum Set
African language
Strophic
Music Listening 4
Music Listening 5
Simba Pori Tanzanian band based in Moshi, Kilimanjaro. What
about this music makes it African? Do you hear other cultural references?
One Race
Freedom
Famous African Musicians
Miriam Makeba
South Africa
Malaika
Pata Pata
Malaika Lyrics:
Malaika, nakupenda Malaika
Angel, I love you, Angel
Youssou N’Dour
Senegal
Youssou N’Dour is not only an influential musician, but also a social activist. He started the "Set-Setaal" (be clean) movement. Without any
help of the government, they cleaned up the ghettos, improved water supply, sanitation and the
housing situation.
Birima
7 Seconds
Fela KutiNigeria
Water No Get Enemy
Zombie
Multi-instrumentalist, musician, composer, pioneer of the
Afrobeat music genre, human rights activist, and political
maverick.
Angelique Kidjo
Benin
Agolo
Summertime
P-SquareNigeria
Chop My Money
Personally
Paul Simon, South Africa, and
the cultural boycott during
Apartheid.Link
Graceland
You Can Call Me Al
Diamond on the Soles of Her Shoes
Apartheid - a former social system in South Africa in which black people and people from other racial groups did not have the same political and economic rights as white people and were forced
to live separately from white people
Graceland AlbumPros Cons
End of Unit – What do we know?