Its Built In! Accessibility Options in Windows XP and Apple OS XDelaware Instructional Technology ConferenceJoanne JenningsOffice of Educational TechnologyUniversity of Delaware

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Accessible TechnologyEnables individuals to adjust their computers to meet their needsVisualHearingMobilityCognitive Speech

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Accessible TechnologySpecialty Hardware and Software ProductsOrIts Built into Operating Systems

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Section 508 ComplianceU.S. Federal GovernmentIn 1998 Congress amended the Rehabilitation Act to strengthen Section 508Requires that Federal agencies electronic and information technology is accessible to people with disabilitiesCompliant as of June 21, 2001MicrosoftAccessible Technology since 1988Apple Accessible Technology since 1985

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Who Can Benefit from Accessible Technology (AT)?2003 Microsoft Study57% of computer users age 18-64 likely or very likely to benefit from ATIncludes those who are not measured in other studies as disabled but who have difficulty in performing tasks

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2003 Microsoft Study Other Key FindingsParticipants reported that ATMakes computers more comfortable and easier to useUse of AT was influenced by an individuals computer experience and confidence rather than impairmentsUsers of accessible technology often find the technology themselves to improve their computing experienceThese findings changed the concept of disabilityAltered understanding the need for accessible technology

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Delaware Student Population116,287 Students 2002-200315,636 Special Education Students

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Delaware Students

Delaware Instructional Technology Conference

Chart2

15636

116287

Delaware Student Population 2002-2003

Special Education, 15,636, 13.4%

Regular Education, 100,651, 86.6%

Sheet1

Special Education13.4%15,636

Regular Education86.6%116,287

Sheet1

0

0

Delaware Student Population 2002-2003

Regular Education, 116,287, 86.6%

Special Education, 15,636, 13.4%

Sheet2

Sheet3

Delaware Students

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Windows XP Accessibility ToolsStart All programs Accessories Accessibility

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Windows XP Accessibility ToolsThe Accessibility WizardUtility ManagerNarratorScreen MagnifierOn-Screen Keyboard

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Windows XP Accessibility ToolsThe Accessibility WizardA good first stepAsks series of questionsTo identify optimum font and cursor sizes, visibility options, keystroke speeds and moreAdjust settings specific to users needs

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Windows XP Accessibility ToolsUtility ManagerProvides access to the Magnifier, Narrator, and On-Screen KeyboardOpen with Windows key-U

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Windows XP Accessibility ToolsNarratorText-to-speech programAnnounces menu and control optionsShortcuts, titles, window titles, keystrokes, and window settings.Text within windows in selected text-only programs such as Notepad, Wordpad, and plain-text Outlook messages

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Windows XP Accessibility ToolsMobilityOn-Screen KeyboardUS standard or enhanced with numeric keypadIn hovering mode, placing the mouse over a character for a length of time selects character

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Accessibility Options in Windows XPStart Control Panel Accessibility Options

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Accessibility Options in Windows XPMobilityStickyKeysDifficulty holding down 2 or more keys at the same timepress one key at a timeFilterKeysIgnore brief or repeated keystrokesToggleKeysHear tones when you press Caps Lock, Num Lock, and Scroll Lock keys

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Accessibility Options in Windows XPMobilityMouseKeysControl mouse pointer using the numeric keypadLeft Alt, Left Shift, Num LockSpeech RecognitionWorks with WordStart Control Panel Sounds, Speech and Audio Devices Speech

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Accessibility Options in Windows XPHearingSoundSentryGenerates a visual warning when your system generates a soundError messages, e-mail alertsShow SoundsProgram with sound uses a text caption or icon

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Accessibility Options in Windows XPVisualHigh ContrastVariety of choicesCursor OptionsBlink rate Cursor width Enlarge the display

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Accessibility Options in Windows XPGeneral TabAdministrative OptionsApply user settings at loginAutomatic ResetTurn off accessibility after a time limitSerialKey DevicesAllows you to add switchesNotificationGives a warning or make a sound when you turn feature on or off

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XUniversal Access (similar to Windows Accessibility Options)Apple menu System Preferences Universal AccessText automatically spoken when you mouse over it

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XVisual DisabilitiesView OptionsIncreases icon size and icon text sizeView menuDock MagnificationSystem preferences Dock

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XVisual DisabilitiesApple Menu System Preferences SpeechText-to-Speech (similar to Windows Narrator)Speech recognitionSpeak alerts

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XVisual DisabilitiesZoom (similar to Windows Magnifier)Magnify everything on the screenQuicktime video plays magnifiedDisplay Adjustment

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XLearning and Other DisabilitiesTextEdit Word processorCan speak an entire doc or selected textSpoken ItemsHear text read aloudBoth TextEdit and Spoken Items are useful for feedback, especially for those learning to read and writeTalking CalculatorOS X not Windows

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XMobilitySticky Keys (similar to Windows StickyKeys)For difficulty in pressing more than one key at a timeSlow Keys (similar to Windows FilterKeys)For difficulty with initial or repeated keystrokesMouse Keys (similar to Mouse Keys in Windows)Allows use of numeric keypad instead of mouse

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XMobilityKey RepeatSet repeat delay to prevent keystroke repeatsKeyboard NavigationAssign a keyboard combination to any menu item that does not have one assignedAlso can change an existing combination

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XMobilitySpeech RecognitionLaunch applications and complete commands with your voiceSpeaker independentNo voice training requiredOptimized for built-in microphones

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XHearing DisabilitiesFlash Screen (similar to Windows SoundSentry)Visual indication of alert sounds by flashing screen onceQuicktime Application included with OS Xcreates and displays a text track

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Accessibility Tools in Macintosh OS XGeneralMultiple Users (similar to Windows Administrative Options)Each user saves preferred settingsSherlockUseful for emerging readers and writers

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Introducing Tiger: 10.4VoiceOverProvides access to your Mac through speech, audible cues and keyboard navigationAppropriate for students with learning, mobility, or visual disabilities

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Introducing Tiger: 10.4VoiceOverIntegrated screen readerWeb pagesMail messagesWord processing filesMac workspaceAllows use of keyboardVoice over demo

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One Size Does Not Fit All.Accessibility options in Windows and Macintosh are not for everyoneMore robust software and hardware are necessary for more serious impairmentsMore expensiveMore customizable

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For More Information on Third Party ProductsApplehttp://www.apple.com/accessibility/Microsofthttp://www.microsoft.com/enable/at/search.asp (http://www.microsoft.com/enable/)

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THANK YOU!

jennings@udel.edu

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References"Accessible Technology in Computing--Examining Awareness, Use, and Future Potential." Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibility. 2004. Microsoft Corporation. 02 Apr. 2005 . "Accessibility." Accessibility. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 . "Accessibility in Education." Accessibility in Education. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 . "Apple's Accessibility Technologies." Accessibility. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 . "Assistive Software/Hardware Based on Disability." UIUC. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 31 3 2005 . Carmack, Carmen. "Help Getting Around: 14 Accessibility Features." Smart Computing August 2003: 12-14. Carmack, Carmen. "More Than Meets The Fingertips." Smart Computing September 2003: . Davidson, Iver. "Special Tools for Special Needs: Utilities Make XP Microsoft's Most Accessible OS Yet." Smart Computing June 2003: .

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ReferencesDerowitsch, Rachel. "Input Devices: Get In Touch With The Best Features of These Tools." Smart Computing July 2003: 33-35."Fingertip Facts on Education 2002-2003." 2004. State of Delaware Department of Education. 02 Apr. 2005 . Lazzaro, Joe. "The Eyes Have It." Smart Computing January 2005: 44-46. "Microsoft and Section 508." Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibility. 2004. Microsoft Corporation. 21 Mar. 2005 . "Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibillity." 2005. Microsoft Corporation. 31 3 2005 . "The Wide Range of Abilities and Its Impact on Computer Technology." Microsoft Technology for Everyone: Accessibility. 2003. Microsoft Corporation. 02 Apr. 2005 . "VoiceOver." Accessibility. 2005. Apple Computer, Inc.. 31 3 2005 .

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Microsoft began at in 1988