itsh basic english ii

ITSH BASIC ENGLISH II GUIDE FOR GLOBAL TEST

A GUIDE TO PREPARE THE STUDENT WHO IS GOING TO APPLY FOR A GLOBAL TEST.

BASIC ENGLISH

SECOND LEVEL

Composed by Tec. Luis Alberto Jimnez Vasquez

TABLE OF CONTENTS:

UNIT 1 FOOD

UNIT 2 HABILITIES AND TALENTS

UNIT 3 FUTURE PLANS

UNIT 4 HEALTH PROBLEMS

UNIT 5 DIRECTIONS

UNIT 6 PAST EVENTS

UNIT 7 PAST EVENTS

UNIT 8 PHONE CALLS

ALL UNITS CONTAIN GRAMMAR EXAMPLES AND EXERCISE DRILLS

UNIT 1 FOOD

- VOCABULARY ABOUT FOOD

- SELECTED FOODS FROM THE DIVERSE ALIMENTARY GROUPS ACCORDING TO THE FOOD PYRAMID.

- USE OF SOME & ANY.

- ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY.

- COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS.

- EATING HABITS.

- LIKES AND DISLIKES.

EXAMPLES OF SOME AND ANY:

1.- IM BUYING SOME BROCCOLI.

2.- HES BUYING SOME VEGETABLES.

3.- SHE LIKES TO EAT SOME BANANAS FOR LUNCH.

4.- I DONT WANT ANY ONIONS IN THE SALAD.

5.- WE DONT NEED ANY HAMBURGER MEAT.

6.- DO WE NEED ANY SODA?

7.- WOULD YOU LIKE ANY FRUIT FOR BREAKFAST?

8.- WE DONT HAVE ANY PASTA. LETS GET SOME.

SENTENCES ABOUT LIKES AND DISLIKES:

1.- I LOVE ORANGES, ORANGES ARE DELICIOUS.

2.- I LIKE CARROTS VERY MUCH.

3.- I DISLIKE ONIONS. I JUST DONT LIKE THEM.

4.- I HATE CHICKEN. I NEVER EAT MEAT.

USE OF FREQUENCY ADVERBS.

ALWAYS - I ALWAYS eat breakfast.

USUALLY - She USUALLY eats breakfast.

OFTEN - I OFTEN have dinner.

SOMETIMES - We SOMETIMES have lemonade./ - SOMETIMES we have lemonade.

SELDOM / HARDLY EVER - He SELDOM eats lunch. / He HARDLY EVER eats lunch.

NEVER - They NEVER go to picnics.

EVER - Have you EVER eaten snails? Yes, I have. No, I havent.

COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE FOODS

COUNTABLE:

IM BUYING AN ORANGE. I LOVE ORANGES.

I LOVE CARROTS. CARROTS ARE GOOD FOR YOUR HEALTH.

ONIONS, MANGOES AND POTATOES ARE VERY DELICIOUS.

UNCOUNTABLE:

I ENJOY COFFEE VERY MUCH.

MY FAVORITE MEAL IS RICE.

WE DONT LIKE CREAM, ITS AWFUL.

BREAD IS NOT MY FAVORITE DISH.

EATING HABITS

I ALWAYS EAT BREAKFAST IN BED.

I NEVER HAVE LUNCH AT HOME.

I SOMETIMES DRINK MILK FOR DINNER.

EXERCISE DRILL:

WRITE 5 FOODS FOR EACH ONE OF THE FOOD PYRAMID GROUPS:

FAT, OIL, AND SUGAR: ________________ ________________ __________________ ___________ ______.

MEAT AND OTHER PROTEIN: _________ ____________ ______________ ______________ ______________.

DAIRY: ______________ _____________ _____________________ _______________ __________________.

FRUITS: ______________ ______________________ ________________________ ______________ _______.

VEGETABLES: ______________ _______________ __________________ ______________ _______________.

GRAINS: _____________________ ___________________ _____________________ _________ _________

COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES WITH SOME OR ANY:

- I NEED ____________ POTATOES FOR THE BARBECUE.

- I LOVE TO EAT ___________________ LETTUCE FOR LUNCH.

- HE REALLY DISLIKES TO EAT ______________ CARROTS AT NOON.

- DO WE HAVE ___________ PASTA FOR DINNER?

- DO YOU HAVE __________ CHICKEN IN THE FRIDGE?

- THERE ISNT ______________ BUTTER ON THE TABLE.

- THERE ARENT __________________ APPLES IN THE BASKET.

UNSCRAMBLE THESE SENTENCES:

1.- sometimes/for/We/spicy food/dinner/some/have.

2.- breakfast/lemonade/drink/always/They/for.

3.- diary/never/your/include/any/in/You/diet.

4.- often/meat/I/eat.

5.- They/usually/lunch/for/eat/fish.

UNIT 2 HABILITIES AND TALENTS

- CAN & CANT FOR HABILITY.

- WH-QUESTION WORDS.

- VOCABULARY ON ARTISTIC, MECHANICAL, ATHLETIC AND OTHER TALENTS.

CAN AND CANT :

- I CAN PLAY THE GUITAR BUT I CANT PLAY THE PIANO.

- I CAN SING REALLY WELL, BUT I CANT WRITE POETRY.

- MY BROTHER CAN JUMP THE ROPE, BUT MY SISTER CANT.

- WE CAN FIX CARS, WE CANT DO THE SAME WITH COMPUTERS.

- CAN YOU SING? - YES, I CAN.

- CAN SHE RIDE A BIKE? - NO, SHE CANT.

- CAN YOU HELP ME? - SURE I CANT. NO, I CANT. SORRY.

Wh-QUESTION WORDS

WHERE - WHERE DO YOU PLAY SPORTS? - I PLAY AT THE BEACH.

WHO - WHO DO YOU PLAY WTH? - I PLAY WITH MY FAMILY.

WHEN - WHEN DO YOU PLAY? - WE PLAY EVERY MONDAY AND TUESDAY

WHY - WHY DO YOU PLAY ON WEEKDAYS? - BECAUSE WE WORK ON WEEKENDS.

WHAT - WHAT SPORTS DO YOU PLAY? - WE PLAY SOCCER AND TENNIS.

HOW - HOW OFTEN DO YOU PLAY? - WE PLAY TWICE A WEEK.

WHICH - WHICH SPORT DO YOU PREFER, BASEBALL OR SOCCER? - I PREFER SOCCER.

EXERCISE DRILL

LABEL THESE ACTIVITIES INTO ARTISTIC, ATHLETIC, MECHANIC or OTHER CATEGORIES:

*RIDE A BIKE * TAKE PHOTOS

*RIDE A HORSE * COOK

*FIX A CAR * RUN 120 MILES IN 2 HOURS

*SPEAK A FOREING LANGUAGE * TRAIN A DOG

*WASH YOUR CLOTHES * USE A COMPUTER

*PAINT * DANCE

*WRITE POETRY * PLAY SOCCER

*JUMP THE ROPE * DRIVE

ATHLETIC: ARTISTIC:

*SING * IRON YOUR CLOTHES

MATCH THE QUESTIONS TO THEIR CORRESPONDINGS ANSWERS:

a) Where do you live? ____ Fruits and vegetables.

b) How often do you study English? ____ Basketball and Tennis.

c) When is your birthday? ____ On King Street.

d) Who is your best friend? ____ Because I love it.

e) What sports do you watch on TV? ____ Twice a week.

f) Which food do you eat daily? ____ Its on October 9th.

g) Why do you play baseball so oftenly? ____ My mom.

ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS USING YOUR OWN INFORMATION:

1.- Can you speak Japanese?

2.- Can you fix a laundry machine?

3.- Can you ride a horse?

4.- Can your father cook noodles?

5.- Can your dog sing songs?

MECHANIC:

OTHERS:

UNIT 3 FUTURE PLANS

- VERB TO BE + GOING TO

- ORDINAL NUMBERS FOR DATES

SENTENCE STRUCTURE FOR FUTURE TENSE: SUBJECT (Name or Noune) + BE + GOING TO + INFINITIVE.

EXAMPLES:

1.- I AM GOING TO BUY SOME BROCOLLI. 2.- YOU ARE GOING TO WATCH A MOVIE.

3.- HE IS GOING TO EAT A SANDWICH. 4.- SHE IS GOING TO TAKE A BATH.

5.- IT IS GOING TO RAIN. 6.- WE ARE GOING TO HAVE A PARTY.

7.- YOU ARE GOING TO TRAVEL TO THE U.S.A. 8.- THEY ARE GOING TO SERVE DINNER.

NEGATIVE SENTENCES:

1.- I AM NOT GOING TO OPEN MY UMBRELLA. 2.- YOU ARE NOT GOING TO TIE YOUR DOG.

3.- HE IS NOT GOING TO DRINK LEMONADE. 4.- SHE IS NOT GOING TO TAKE ANY PHOTOS

5.- IT IS NOT GOING TO START RIGHT NOW. 6.- WE ARE NOT GOING TO PLAY NOW.

7.- YOU ARE NOT GOING TO WATCH TV. 8.- THEY ARE NOT GOING TO PAY THE RENT.

INTERROGATIVE QUESTIONS WITH POSSIBLE ANSWERS:

1.- Are you going to go to Angelas party tonight? A: Yes, I am.

2.- Is he going to drink tea right now? A: Yes, he is.

3.- Is Rebeca going to dance tonight? A: No, she isnt.

4.- Is your class going to start now? A: No, it isnt.

5.- Are we going to have a test now? A: Yes, you are.

6.- Are you going to travel to the U.S.A.? A: No, we arent

7.- Are they going to visit their relatives? A: Yes, they are.

ORDINAL NUMBERS MONTHS AND DATES

1st First 11th eleventh 21st Twenty-first

2nd Second 12th Twelfth 22nd Twenty-second

3rd Third 13th Thirteenth 23rd Twenty-third

4th Fourth 14th Fourteenth 24th Twenty-fourth

5th Fifth 15th Fifteenth 25th Twenty-fifth

6th Sixth 16th Sixteenth 26 Twenty-sixth

7th Seventh 17th Seventeenth 27th Twenty-seventh

8th Eight 18th Eighteenth 28th Twenty-eighth

9th Ninth 19th Nineteenth 29th Twenty-ninth

10th Tenth 20th Twentieth 30th Thirtieth

31st Thirty-first

MONTHS

- January - February - March - April

- May - June - July - August

- September - October - November - December

EXAMPLES OF DATES:

TODAY IS MONDAY, AUGUST 19TH, 2013.

MY BIRTHDAY IS ON SEPTEMBER 11TH.

HOW TO USE GOING TO + A DATE ON A SENTENCE:

I AM GOING TO FINISH THIS COURSE ON NOVEMBER 9TH.

WE ARE GOING TO GET MARRIED ON DECEMBER 21ST.

TODAY IS JANUARY 1ST, WE ARE GOING TO CELEBRATE NEW YEAR.

EXERCISE DRILL

READ THE TEXT, THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS:

Mary is going to have a party next Saturday. She is going to wear a red dress and her very nice black high-heels. She is going

to invite lots of friends but unfortunately not all of them are going to come. Her friend Lucy is going to travel to Holland

next weekend so she is not going to attend the party. Her cousin Lucas is going to have an art exhibition so he is going to

miss the party. However some other friends are going to accept her invitation, for an example Tina and Robert, both her

coworkers are going to come from Italy to her party; her uncle Arthur as well as her fianc Tomas are going to be present

too even when Tomas is going to arrive a little late. All in all it is going to have a nice party where Mary is going to serve cool

drinks, nice sweets, and lots of snacks!

1.- Is Marys party goig to be on Sunday?

2.- Is she going to wear black high-heels?

3.- Is Lucy going to travel to Canada?

4.- Is Lucas goig to attend the party?

5.- Is her uncle going to serve lots of snacks?

6.- Are Tina and Robert going to work?

7.- Is Tomas going to arrive late?

8.- Is Mary going to wear a blue dress?

9.- Is she going to serve any pasta?

10.- Are Marys drinks going to be cool?

WRITE THE FOLLOWING DATES AS IN THE EXAMPLE: (MONTH / DATE)

9/11: September 11th

a) 7/7 e) 10/25

b) 1/10 f) 11/2

c) 3/5 g) 2/27

d) 3/31 h) 9/6

UNIT 4 HEALTH PROBLEMS

- VOCABULARY ABOUT PARTS OF THE BODY.

- VOCABULARY ON ILLNESSES

- VOCABULARY ON REMEDIES.

- EXPRESSIONS ABOUT HEALTH AND CONDITIONS.

GRAMMAR STRUCTURES:

A) HAVE + NOUN

- I HAVE A COLD

- I HAVE THE FEVER

- SHE HAS A BACKACHE

- WE HAVE THE FLU

-

B) FEEL + ADJECTIVE

- I FEEL WELL.

- I FEEL AWFUL.

- I DONT FEEL WELL

- MY MOM FEELS TERRIBLE

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE IMPERATIVES GIVING ADVICE ABOUT HEALTH PROBLEMS

- DONT GO TO BED LATE - DRINK A HOT TEA

- DONT LIFT HEAVY THINGS - TAKE A HOT BATH

- DONT EAT ANY HEAVY FOOD TODAY - TAKE A PILL EVERY FOUR HOURS

- DONT EAT ANY COLD FOOD - RUB CREAM ON YOUR ELBOW

EXERCISE DRILL

I MATCH THE ILLNESS TO THEIR REMEDIES OR MEDICATIONS:

a) I have a sore throat. _____ Use these eye-drops twice a day.

b) I cant sleep at night. _____ Take some aspirin.

c) I have a stomachache. _____ Drink a cough syrup.

d) I think I have a cold. _____ Have some antacid.

e) I have sore eyes. _____ Go home early

f) I dont feel well. _____ Close your eyes for some minutes.

g) I have a headache. _____ Take some cold pills.

II MATCH THE FEELINGS TO THE ADVICES OR RESPONSES:

a) I feel awful _____ Call your family on the phone.

b) I feel sick _____ You should see a doctor.

c) I feel terrible _____ Im glad to hear that.

d) I dont feel well. _____ Sit down and relax.

e) I feel better. _____ Take some medicine.

f) I feel bad _____ Dont go to work today.

g) I feel a little homesick _____ I hope you feel better soon.

UNIT 5 GIVING DIRECTIONS

- PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

- DIRECTIONS ON HOW TO FIND A PLACE IN A CITY

- VOCABULARY OF PLACES IN A CITY

USUAL PLACES IN A CITY:

Beauty parlor

Shop PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

Shoe store

Bank ACROSS FROM BETWEEN NEXT TO ON THE CORNER OF - BEHIND

Park

Town hall DIALOGUE ABOUT HOW TO GET TO A GIVEN ADDRESS:

Supermarket

Bus station A: Excuse me, is there a public restroom around here?

Hospital B: Yes, there is one on Main Avenue.

Hotel A: Where is it exactly?

Movie Theater B: Its on Main Avenue between First and Second streets.

School A: How can I get there?

Houses B: Just go straight ahead for two blocks, then turn left and walk up one block, it

Apartments is on the right.

Bakery

Butchery

Department store GIVING DIRECTIONS

Gas station WALK UP/WALK DOWN GO UP/GO DOWN TURN RIGHT TURN LEFT

GO STRAIGHT AHEAD WALK FOR ONE BLOCK WALK DOWN FOR TWO BLOCKS

DIRECTIONS:

A) The town hall is between the drugstore and the library.

B) My house is on the corner of First Avenue and Third Street.

C) The park is in front of the church.

D) The gas station is behind the mall, its next to the market.

E) The library is across from the bookstore.

EXERCISE DRILL

COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES WITH THE CORRECT PREPOSITION OF PLACE:

1.- The park is just ________________ the town hall and the church.

2.- My house is _________________ to yours.

3.- The stadium is _____________ the bus station.

4.- The supermarket is ______________________________ 4th Street and 2nd Avenue.

5.- The school is _____ Main Street.

UNSCRAMBLE THESE SENTENCES:

1.- my/apartment/on/avenue/is/third.

2.- the/behind/are/the/gas station/apartments.

3.- next to/library/is/bank/the/the.

4.- across from/shoe store/the/is/the/post office.

5.- house/my/between/beauty parlor/and/the/is/grocery store/the.

6.- First Avenue/cyber caf/on/and/the/the/corner/41st Street/is/of.

7.- school/is/behind/the/supermarket/the.

8.- boutique/between/is/the/and/the/shoe store/the/beauty parlor.

9.- the/English school/next to/is/French Institute/the.

10.- are/behind/the/grocery store/the/restrooms.

LOOK TO THE MAP BELOW, IMAGINE YOU ARE AT THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, GIVE DIRECTIONS TO GET TO

THE POST OFFICE:

UNIT 6 PAST EVENTS (TO BE)

- SIMPLE PAST OF THE VERB TO BE

- WH-QUESTIONS

- THERE WAS THERE WERE

- TIME EXPRESSIONS

VERB TO BE IN PAST TENSE:

I WAS YOU WERE HE WAS SHE WAS IT WAS WE WERE YOU WERE THEY WERE

NEGATIVE FORM:

I WAS NOT/I WASNT YOU WERE NOT/YOU WERENT HE WAS NOT/HE WASNT

SHE WAS NOT/SHE WASNT IT WAS NOT/IT WASNT WE WERE NOT/WE WERENT

YOU WERE NOT/YOU WERENT THEY WERE NOT/THEY WERENT

INTERROGATIVE FORM WITH POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ANSWERS:

WAS I? (+) YES, YOU WERE. (-) NO, YOU WERENT.

WERE YOU? (+) YES, I WAS. (-) NO, I WASNT

WAS HE? (+) YES, HE WAS. (-) NO, HE WASNT.

WAS SHE? (+) YES, SHE WAS. (-) NO, SHE WASNT

WAS IT? (+) YES, IT WAS. (-) NO, IT WASNT

WERE WE? (+) YES, YOU WERE. (-) NO, YOU WERENT.

WERE YOU? (+) YES, WE WERE (-) NO, WE WERENT.

WERE THEY? (+) YES, THEY WERE (-) NO, THEY WERENT.

WH-QUESTIONS WITH WAS & WERE:

- WHERE WERE YOU BORN? I WAS BORN IN KOREA.

- WHEN WERE YOU BORN? I WAS BORN IN 1994.

- WHO WAS WITH YOU LAST NIGHT? MY PARENTS WERE WITH ME LAST NIGHT.

- WHAT WAS YOUR FIRST JOB? MY FIRST JOB WAS AS A RECEPTIONIST.

- WHAT WAS YOUR MAJOR IN COLLEGE? MY MAJOR WAS DRAMA.

- WHICH WAS YOUR FAVORITE SPORT BACK THEN? MY FAVORITE SPORT WAS TENNIS.

- WHERE WAS YOUR FATHER BORN? HE WAS BORN IN CHINA.

- HOW OLD WERE YOU WHEN YOU CAME TO AUSTRALIA? I WAS SEVENTEEN.

SENTENCES USING THERE WAS & THERE WERE:

- THERE WAS A TREE ON THIS PLACE A LONG AGO.

- THERE WERE MANY TREES ON THIS PARK ONE YEAR AGO.

- THERE WAS A SCHOOL IN THIS BUILDING ONE MONTH AGO.

- THERE WERE MANY TEACHERS AT SCHOOL LAST SATURDAY.

- THERE WAS A TV IN MY ROOM BUT THERE WASNT A RADIO.

- THERE WERE MANY BOOKS IN YOUR HOUSE BUT THERE WERENT ANY PICTURES.

THERE WAS THERE WAS NOT (THERE WASNT)

THERE WERE THERE WERE NOT (THERE WERENT)

TIME EXPRESSIONS:

EARLY LAST YEAR IN 2012 LAST SEMESTER

LATE A YEAR AGO LAST NIGHT LAST VACATION

YESTERDAY LAST WEEK A FEW DAYS AGO NEXT SATURDAY

LAST FRIDAY LAST SUMMER TWO HOURS AGO NEXT YEAR

LAST MONTH IN 1995 A LONG AGO ON MONDAYS

EXERCISE DRILL


1.- HOW OLD WERE YOU WHEN YOU ENTERED SECONDARY SCHOOL?

2.- WHAT WAS YOUR FAVORITE SUBJECT?

3.- WHO WAS YOUR FAVORITE TEACHER?

4.- WHEN WERE YOU BORN?

5.- WHERE WERE YOU BORN?

6.- WHAT DAY OF THE WEEK WAS YOUR LAST BIRTHDAY?

7.- WHAT DAY WAS YESTERDAY?

8.- WAS YOUR TEACHER A NICE PERSON?

9.- WAS YOUR SCHOOL LARGE?

10.- WERE YOUR CLASSMATES POLITE?

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THERE WAS, THERE WASNT, THERE WERE, OR THERE WERENT:

A long time ago ____________________ a park on this place, __________________ many trees and

___________ a beautiful fountain. ___________________ many birds around the fountain but

__________________ any benches around. _____________ a kiosk, but we had an enormous hall where to

hide from the rain until now. In the Summer __________________ lots of clowns and food stands around the

park, however _______________________ any restaurants around.

COMPLETE THE CONVERSATION WITH WAS OR WERE:

A: HOW OLD ______ YOU IN 1999?

B: I ______ 13 YEARS OLD.

A: WHERE ____________ YOU LIVING BACK THEN?

B: I ______________LIVING IN SOUTH AFRICA, WITH MY PARENTS.

A: WHAT CITY __________ YOU LIVING IN?

B: WE ___________ LIVING IN CAPE TOWN, THE CAPITAL CITY.

A: _______________ YOUR FAMILY HAPPY ENOUGH THERE?

B: YES, MY FAMILY ___________ VERY HAPPY THERE.

UNIT 7 PAST EVENTS

- SIMPLE PAST REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS

- TIME EXPRESSIONS

- YES/NO QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS IN SIMPLE PAST TENSE

GRAMMAR RULES FOR SIMPLE PAST TENSE AFFIRMATIVE FORM (REGULAR VERBS):

ALL VERBS ADD ED TO THEIR INFINITE FORM.

VERBS ENDING IN VOWEL E ONLY ADD ED TO THE INFINITIVE.

VERBS ENDING IN Y PRECEDED BY A CONSONANT DROP THE Y AND ADD IED.

VERBS ENDING IN ONE SINGLE CONSONANT PRECEDED BY A VOWEL WITH ACCENT ON IT,

DOUBLE THEIR LAST CONSONANT AND ADD ED.

EXAMPLES:

PRESENT PAST

I WALK TO SCHOOL. I WALKED TO SCHOOL.

WE WORK TOO HARD. WE WORKED TOO HARD.

SHE PAINTS PICTURES. SHE PAINTED PICTURES.

YOU TYPE THE EXAM. YOU TYPED THE EXAM.

I BELIEVE IN LOVE. I BELIEVED IN LOVE.

THEY DELETE THE FILES. THEY DELETED THE FILES.

WE CRY LOUD. WE CRIED LOUD.

YOU TRY SO HARD. YOU TRIED SO HARD.

THEY STUDY ALL NIGHT. THEY STUDIED ALL NIGHT.

WE ALL DUB MUSIC. WE ALL DUBBED MUSIC.

THE BUSES STOP AT MIDNIGHT. THE BUSES STOPPED AT MIDNIGHT.

YOU SLAM THE DOOR. YOU SLAMMED THE DOOR.

STRUCTURE FOR NEGATIVE SENTENCES

SUBJECT + AUXILIARY VERB DID + NOT + UNALTERED VERB.

Examples:

- I DID NOT ATTEND THE PARTY.

- YOU DID NOT DRINK SODA. DID NOT IS ABREVIATTED AS

- THEY DID NOT TRY SO HARD. DIDNT -

- WE DID NOT DUB MUSIC. MOST OF THE TIMES.

STRUCTURE FOR INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES AND THEIR POSSIBLE SHORT ANSWERS:

AUXILIARY VER DID + NOUN + UNALTERED VERB + COMPLEMENT.

Examples:

- DID YOU ATTEND THE PARTY? (+) Yes, I did. (-) No, I didnt.

- DID YOUR PARENTS GO TO CHURCH? (+) Yes, they did. (-) No, they didnt.

- DID MICHELLE WEAR BOOTS LAST NIGHT? (+) Yes, she did. (-) No, she didnt.

IRREGULAR VERBS COULD NOT CHANGE, CHANGE A LITTLE OR CHANGE COMPLETELY WHEN

PASSED FROM INFINITIVE TO SIMPLE PAST. THE STUDENT MUST LEARN BY HEART MOST OF

THE MOST COMMONLY USED IRREGULAR VERBS.

PRESENT PAST

BRING BRANG

BUY BOUGHT

CATCH CAUGHT

DO DID

DRINK DRANK

GET GOT

GO WENT

LEARN LEARNT

READ READ

WRITE WROTE

THESE CHANGES ARE NOT OBSERVED WHEN THE VERB IS USED IN PAST TENSE NEGATIVE

SENTENCES NOR IN INTERROGATIVE ONES:

EXAMPLES:

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I BOUGHT A BOOK. I DIDNT BUY A BOOK. DID YOU BUY A BOOK?

I DRANK A BEER. I DIDNT DRINK A BEER. DID YOU DRINK A BEER?

SHE LEARNT ENGLISH. SHE DIDNT LEARN ENGLISH. DID SHE LEARN ENGLISH?

YOU WROTE A LETTER. YOU DIDNT WRITE A LETTER. DID YOU WRITE A LETTER?

TIME EXPRESSIONS

TWO DAYS AGO YESTERDAY NOON TWO WEEKS AGO

LAST SUMMER LAST VACATION ONE HOUR AGO

A MINUTE AGO LAST SEMESTER LAST HOLIDAYS

BACK IN THE DAYS TWO MONTHS AGO A LONG TIME AGO

A VERY LONG AGO LAST FALL A YEAR BACK

EXERCISE DRILL

READ THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPH, THEN CHANGE IT TO THE PAST TENSE:

Mary and I take many photos on Sunday. She and I walk around the park and eat lots of ice-cream. We go to

the cinema and buy pop-corn and soda. We return home around 11 and see each other again on the next day.

She studies Biology and I work for a Computer Company. In our free time we always read, play, see people, and

work out at the gym. We are a very busy couple.

CHANGE THESE STATEMENTS TO THE SIMPLE PAST, POSITIVE, NEGATIVE AND

INTERROGATIVE:

1. I cross the street every day.

2. You cook sausages for tonight.

3. He reads lots of books.

4. She prefers to stay home.

5. It rains all the time.

6. We read lots of books.

7. You buy at the grocery store.

8. They carry their bags carefully.

9. I study this guide.

10. You take some of my belongings.


1.- Did you study English last night?

2.- Did your brother work for a transnational company?

3.- Did your teacher help you with your homework?

4.- Did your classmates download the information for the exam?

5.- Did you sleep well last night?

UNIT 8 PHONE CALLS

- OBJECT PRONOUNS

- PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

- ACCEPTING AND DECLINING INVITATIONS

A TABLE OF PRONOUNS:

SUBJECT PRONOUNS OBJECT PRONOUNS

I ME

YOU YOU

HE HIM

SHE HER

IT IT

WE US

YOU YOU

THEY THEM

FUNCTION OF OBJECT PRONOUNS IS TO MAKE THE NOUN TO BE THE RECEIVER OF AN

ACTION. EXAMPLES:

I PLAY WITH THE DOGS (I PLAY WITH THEM)

YOU COOK THE MEAL (YOU COOK IT)

ANNA LENDS MICHAEL THE RECORDER. (ANNA LENDS IT TO HIM)

I STUDY THE LESSON (I STUDY IT)

WE FAIL THE EXAM (WE FAIL IT)

YOU BORROW THE BALL FROM THE SMITHS (YOU BORROW THE BALL FROM THEM)

EXAMPLE OF A PHONE CONVERSATION USING SOME OBJECT PRONOUNS:

A: Hello, good afternoon, would you like to go to the movies with me?

B: Sure, what movie should we go to watch?

A: What about Terminator IV?, Im sure youll like it.

B: Oh, no, I dont like old movies, perhaps a newer one?

A: Let me check the program, oh yeah, theres plenty of recent movies at play.

B: Ok, let me check them too and we will decide which movie to watch.

A: Thats great for me.

EXAMPLE OF A PHONE CONVERSATION DECLINING AN INVITATION:

A: Hi, would you like to come to have dinner with me tonight?

B: sorry but I cant, I have to take care of my nephew.

A: Thats too bad, well maybe tomorrow

B: Ill leave you a message if I can, touch you soon.

SENTENCES TO ACCEPT AN INVITATION:

Id love to Yes, I want to go Sure, just tell me the time and place

Id like to come to your party Yes, I do. Let me know when shall we meet.

SENTENCES TO DECLINE AN INVITATION:

Sorry but I cant. Im so sorry, I have to baby-sit. Im busy tonight.

I have to work tonight. My cell phone was out of order. I cant today, maybe tomorrow.

PLACE PREPOSITIONS (AT, IN, ON)

- Tony is at the library. Mary is in bed. We are on vacation.

- She is at school Fishes are in the sea. See you on Saturday.

- We are at work. My mom is in the kitchen. We are on tour.

CONVERSATION LOOKING FOR SOMEONE AND GIVING HIM/HER A MESSAGE:

A: Hell is Bob there, please?

B: Im sorry, he isnt at home right now, he is at the park.

A: Ok, look, this is his friend Brian speaking, could I give him a message, please?

B: Sure.

A: Just tell him to bring me my books home, I really need all of them.

B: All right Brian, I will let him know when he returns home.

A: Thank you so much, bye.

B: You are welcome, good-bye.

USEFUL EXPRESSIONS FOR TELEPHONING:

Hi, this is (your name) speaking. Hello, is (someone) there, please?

Good morning, what can I do for you? Who is this, please?

Hello, could I speak to (someone) please? Thanks for calling, bye.

EXERCISE DRILL

CHANGE THE UNDERLINED NOUN INTO AN OBJECT PRONOUN AS IN THE EXAMPLE, CHOOSE

FROM ME, YOU, HIM, HER, IT, US, YOU or THEM.

Ex: I need the books I need them.

1. Please give Michael the peaches.

2. Dont forgive to clean the armchairs.

3. Turn the TV on.

4. Where are my papers?, I need my papers.

5. Where is Donna? Im looking for Donna.

6. English is very easy. I am going to approve English.

7. Would you like going to the movies with me and my brother?

8. I cant solve this puzzle.

9. I cant stand that kind of music.

10. Laurie is very beautiful, I like Laurie.

PHONE CONVERSATION: THE STUDENT WILL HAVE A PHONE CONVERSATION WITH THE

TEACHER EITHER ACCEPTING OR DECLINING AN INVITATION AS IN PREVIOUS EXAMPLES

(ORAL PRACTICE)

itsh basic english ii

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