izmir 14-developing yr res germplasm m keser
TRANSCRIPT
Developing Yellow Rust Resistant Winter Wheat Germplasm
Mesut Keser, A. Morgounov, B. Akın, Z. Mert,
F. Ozdemir, K. Nazari
28 April 2014
Izmir, Turkey
6006500
4000350
3900800
IWWIP 1986 IWWIP: Turkey and CIMMYT established
joint winter wheat breeding program for the region based in Anatolian Plateau of Turkey.
1990 IWWIP: Turkey/CIMMYT/ICARDA
ICARDA Highland Wheat Breeding Program joined IWWIP to establish a well integrated international breeding framework.
Edirne
Adapazari
Ankara
KonyaAdana
Eskisehir
Erzurum
Diyarbakir
SWWW
Research Institutes in Turkey contributing to the
IWWIP-TCI
Aleppo
Izmir
Samsun
Biotic Stresses in the Region
Country Biot1 Biot2 Biot3
Armenia Comm bunt Loose Sm Sr
Azerbaijan Yr Lr Comm bunt
Iran Yr Lr S Pest
Georgia Weed Cer Leaf Beet Comm bunt
S.Kazakhstan Yr Septoria Smut
Kyrgystan Yr Septoria Sunn Pest
Tajikistan Yr Sr-Lr Leaf Beetle
Turkey Yr Sr-Lr Spest-RR
Uzbekistan Lr Yr PM-Spest
Edirne LR
Adapazari LR
Ankara YR, SR
Konya YRAdana YR, LR
Eskisehir YR
Erzurum YR
Diyarbakir YR
YR
LR
Wheat rust diseases in Turkey
Aleppo YR
Izmir YR, SR
Samsun SR, LR
Kastamonu SR
SR
IWWIP disease priority
Disease Artificial inoculation starts
Yellow Rust F2
Leaf Rust F2
Soil Born Pathogens
Nematodes F3
Root rots F3
Common bunt F6
Stem rust F6
Septoria -
Tan spot -
Powdery mildew -
Yr Haymana vs TH Aleppo
PYT 1573 (including Checks)
Locations Ankara, Turkey and TH, Syria
YR evaluation under artificial inoculation
TH vs Haymana
Haymana Tel Hadya
Altitude 950 m 400 m
Min Temp 0C -15 -20 - 4 -6
Max Temp 0C 33-34 40-42
Precip. mm 350 340
First Yr Simp Mid May Mid April
Tel Hadya vs Haymana (%)
26,2
44,2
20,4
28,724,7
17,8
14
7,8
14,7
1,4
0
10
20
30
40
50
%
R MR MS S VS
TH
HYM
YR Scores of Checks (18 reps)
0
20
40
60
80
100
47
32 TH
Hym
Material
163 winter and spring bread wheat
cultivars/lines
A set of tester varieties (1-20), USA
differantial set
*B. Akın, in collaboration with Dr. Xianming Chen
Resistance Genes at WFW material*
Evaluated at / by
1- Seedling stage
2- Adult stage
3- Molecular markers
The frequency of different resistant types and resistance genes
in WFW germplasm
Type of resistance
Resistance genes
All germplasm studied
Number of entries %
Adult Plant Resistance (APR) only 44 27
Including Yr18 16 19
Major genes only 11 6
Major genes and APR 107 67
Including: unknown major gene + Yr18 40 24
Yr1 + unknown APR gene/s 5 3
Yr17 + unknown APR gene/s 3 2
Yr17+Yr18 1 0.6
Yr9 + unknown APR gene/s 4 2
Yr9 + Yr18 8 5
Yr5 or Yr10 or Yr15 0 0
Total 162 100
Yield gain in leaf rust resistant and susceptible winter wheat varieties due to fungicide application*
Genotypes 24 (6 R, 6 MR, 6 MS, 6 S
Reps 6 (3 protected/3 non-protected
Place Sakarya, Turkey
Inoculation Natural
Year 2012, 2013
* A. Morgounov
Results
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
2 6 18 3 13 20 5 15 14 10 4 17 25 22 21 24 1 19 12 9 16 7 8 11
% Y
ield
pro
tecte
d/c
on
tro
l
2012
R MR SMS
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
6 20 2 3 13 18 15 14 5 17 10 4 21 25 22 24 19 1 11 9 7 12 8 16
% Y
ield
pro
tecte
d/c
on
tro
l
2013
Conclusions How can we capture this trait in the breeding
program?
Combination of treated and disease exposed generations?
Resistance is highly needed but can be combined with response?
18
Number of Entries Tested for Yellow Rust Screening(1995-2013)
967
2.467
5.077
7.167
5.881
7.1926.776
7.8697.255
6.2956.743
6.117 5.974
4.641
6.295
8.960
12.50012.57211.813
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009*
2010
*
2011*
2012
*
2013
*
*Kastamonu included
* * * *
Percent of Resistant Entries for Yellow Rust in IWWIP Nurseries(1995-2011) (CI 20%)
9
2018
59
45
62
46
32
60
41
64
57
72 73
68
75
0
20
40
60
80
100
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
?*
*2007 Evaluated only PYT Nur.
International Nurseries2011-12
Nursery # of
Entry
Rep # of
Sets
# of Country
19FAWWON-SA 150 1 70 35
19FAWWON-Ir 150 1 80 40
14IWWYT-SA 30 2 30 15-20
15IWWYT-Ir 40 2 30 15-20
3rdSRRN 100 1 50 30
LRRN 50 20 10
YrRN 50 20 10
SPestRN 11 10 6
WFW varieties originated from IWWIP and released in the region
y = 0.218x - 436.6R² = 0.990
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Are
a. m
ln h
a
Years
Area under IWWIP originated varietiesCountry Varieties
released
Afghanistan 5
Armenia 4
Azerbaijan 2
Georgia 4
Iran 6
Kazakhstan 2
Kyrgyzstan 6
Tajikistan 3
Turkey 27
Turkmenistan 1
Uzbekistan 1
Utilization of IWWIP germplasm in
Europe and USA primarily as parents
WFW varieties originated from IWWIP and released in the region since 2010
Country Release
d
Variety Name Institution Cross Cross ID Selection history
Afghanistan
2013
Bamiyan-013
ARIA-MAIL
VORONA/KAUZ/4/URES/BBL//KAUZ/3/BC
N TCI971315 -0SE-0YC-0YE-…
Azerbaijan 2010 Tale-38 Azeri Res. Inst. of Farming SPN/NAC//ATTILA
CMSW92W
M00217S -0SE-0YC-1YE-0YC
Azerbaijan 2014 Gizil Bugda Azeri Res. Inst. of Farming SAULESKU41/SADOVO1 TCI950295 -3AP-0AP-0E-1YE-0YE-1YM-0YM
Georgia 2010 Lomtagora-09 Lomtagora Seed Farm SHARK/F4105W2.1 CIT925169 -0SE-0YC-6YC-0YC
Georgia 2010
Lomtagora-
123 Lomtagora Seed Farm FRTL/NEMURA
CMSW93W
M0073 -0AP-0YC-*-1YE-1YC-0YC
Georgia 2012 Sauli 9 Georgian Agrarian University SAULЕSКU#44/ТR810222
CMSW94W
M00586S -03Y-0B-0SE-3YE-0YC-2YM-0YM
Iran 2010 Zare
Seed and Plant Improvement
Institute
130L1.11//F35.70/MO73/4/YMH/TOB//MCD
/3/LIRACIT925080
-0SE-0YC-7YC-0YC-1YC-0YC-3YC-
0YC
Iran 2011 Rijaw
Dryland Agricultural
Research Institute
PATO/CAL/3/7C//BB/CNO/5/CAL//CNO/SN
64/4/CNO//BAD/CHR/3/KL../6/SABALANTCI-97-312 0AP-0MAR-0MAR-1MAR-0MAR
Iran 2013 Tak-Ab
Dryland Agricultural
Research Institute MANNING/SDV1//DOGU88 CIT90038 -0YC-0YC-0YC-12YC-0YC
Iran 2014 Baran
Dryland Agricultural
Research Institute PTZ NISKA/UT1556-170//UNKNOWN TCI97AP -037-0AP-0MA- 1MA-0MA
Kazakhstan 2011 Konditerskaya Red Fall Experimental StationNEELY/SPN//SPN/3/SPN//63.189.66.7/BEZ
WWN86012
9-2H-0YC-3YC-0YC
Kyrghyzstan 2011 Petr MIS Cooperative Farm SDY/ALD/3/NAI60/HN7//BUC/4/ALUCAN
CMSW90M7
8 20H-0P-1YC-0YC-4YC-0YC
Turkey 2011 AY YILDIZ
East Anatolia Agric. Res.
Inst., Erzurum
NGDA146/4/YMH/TOB//MCD/3/LIRA/5/F13
0L1.12CIT935224
-0SE-0YC-3YE-0YC-3YM-0YM
Turkey 2012 ERAYBEY
Bahri Dagdas International
Agric. Res. Institute, Konya F10S-1/CHISHOLM TCI97AP012 -0AP-0AP-0YE-6YE-0YE-1YE-0YE
Acknowledgements
Turkey
CIMMYT
ICARDA
IWWIP Cooperators
Thank you
Where to go next