DOCUMENT RESUME

ED-209 554

TITLE j, ACTION. Annual Report 1974. .

.INSTITUTION ACTION, Washington, D.C.

t PUB DATE 74 ,

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NOTE ., 55p.; Photographs. will not reproducd well:. For.

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* DESCRIPTORS Agriculture; Annual Reports; Community Development;*Developitg Nationi; *Economic DeelOpment;

'Education; *Federal Programs; 15,International')'Prograpg; National Programs; *Progra DecriptionsIPublic Health; Socioeconomic Influences; TechnicalAssistance; *Voluntary Agencies; Volunteers

IDENTIFIERS, *ACTION (Agency) ; Peace Corps

ABSTRACT -

In thislreport are described projects .and activitiesundertaken by ACTION!s volunteer programs in 1974. After anintroduction -that notes accomplishments of the past year, a review ofdomegilic operations discusses such programs as VISTA,_University Yearfor ACTION; National Student VolunteerProgram, Foster GrandparentProgram, and others .according to the 10 regions of the country. The.next sectionontinternational operations focuses on Peace Corpsactivities in Afrida,'Latio,America, and Ndrth Africa, Near East,Asia and'the Pacific., Multilateral programs'under the responsibility,of the OffJLce of Multilateral and Special Prograids and the SchoolPartnership Program are then briefly considered.'statement 'is provided. (YLB) .5.

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**************************************4c********************************.Reproductio0 EDRS are the best that can be made

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U.S. DEPARTMENT 9F EDUCATIONNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF 600C. TION

EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION/This

documentCENTER (ERIC)

TMsIr 'received from the person or organizatiot

originating rt. .

El Minor changes have been made to improvereproduction quality.

PO'ana.,piew or opinions stated In this docu-ment do not necessanly represent official NIE

position or policy.

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Peace CorpsVolunteers in Service-to America (VISTA)

University Yedr for ACTION (UYA)National Student Volunteer Program (NSVP)

Foster Grandparent ProgramRetired Senior Volunteer Program (RSVP)

Service Corps of Retired Executives (SCORE)Active Corps of Executives (ACE)

Senior Companion ProgramSpecial Volunteer Programs

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e MUM.'REPORT

FISCAL YEAR 1974

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.2 THE SIX GOALSOF ACTION

3 INTRODUCTION

7 DOMESTIC OPE' A TIONS1-

35 11\1 TERNATI0 k AL OPERATIONS

51 FINANCIAL STATEMENT

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"GOALSofPC/

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To mobilize volunteers to participate_in theinnovative efforts of state and local governments,

, communities and institutions to solv,e local -

social and economic problems, partioularlt-bystrengthening and supplementing efforts towardhelping the poor -to overcome the, handicapsof poverty.

To- support those programs of local govern-ments, communities and institutions which willcall upon volunteers'to dertionStrate new wa s ofsolving community problems, i)articularly t oserelated to poverty, and will lead to a continue geffort supported by local resources.

To increase the participation in volunteer'anti-poverty and other ccitmunity improvementprojects of the full range of cpmmunity organi-zations.

To stimulate interest by the local citizenryto join in the efforts to solve local problems,particularly those related to poverty, and togenerate such interest by allowing loCal citizensgreater input into the design and operation ofprograms.

TO increase the .relevance of volunteeractivity to efforts to solve the problems of localcommunities, particularly thOse related topoverty, by generating and utilizing greaternumbers of community volunteers serving in theirown communities and drawn from all quartersof the community.

To create and stimulate new approachesto voluntarism which derrionstrate the potentialof volunteers as a resource for the solution ofproblems arising out of poverty and other human.needs.

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INTRODUCTION by MIKESALZANO, DIRECTOR

- In these pages last year, three months after I had becomeDirector of ACTION, I described the initiatives we had takento move us toward the solution of Some of the pressing'probleMs facing the nation. Central to this task,wks thefor.mulation of a set of goals for the agenCy and a mechanismto reach these goals.

I am pleased andproud to report that during FY 1974 wehave surpassed all expectations toward achieving those

, -----....goals.Through the passage of Public Law 93-113, the Domestic

Volunteer ServideAct, we hake one authority goverbing allACTION domestic programs and providing the authority forne$i innovative efforts in the delivery of volunteer services.

Wetiave redesigned our programming mechanismto r),

give local communities morelnput into the design andoperation-pf their programs.

.- Through our Special Volunteer Programs (SVP)ACTION Citylp ram, Program for Local Service, Mini-Grant.rkProgram, Vetreac , City/County/Regional Pr&gram,'StateVoluhter Services Coordiriator Program, ACTION ----....._

Cooperative Volunteer Program and Administration inJustice7we have given many communities the necessarystimulus to beg'oin to eetablishriorities and set up theirown ptograms for scial action using a variety of communityvolunteer resource-cc

We have seni'Pbace Corps volunteers into six additionalcountries for a total of 69 countries, the most in Peace Corpshistory. The Peace Corps' involvement in Africa's drought -striken Sahel is especially noteworthy.

We have increased the participation of labororganizations, private industry and community groups A

preVioUsly not represented in ACTION programs..

Because of the increasing popularity of ACTIONprograms/we have been able to generate millions of toilersin contributions to ACTION from both international anddomestic sources, as this report will document.

Because of all of these efforts we have more than o

doubled our number of domestic yolunteers, and increasedthe number of Peace Corps Volunteers. Our fastest growingdomestic program, RSVP, has more than tripled its nation-,/ wide membership during the past year.

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ACTION Volunteers and TraineesFY 1973 1974

N .11

(73.

THOUSAND ?

co

30 es,ococs,

, 25 .

20

1973

1974 TOTAL1973 59,4761974 135,518

11IMillrlm.=MIIL

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PEACE VISTA UYA FGP RSVP SCORE ACE DEVLPMNI.PROGS.CORPp

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ket meinote just,a few of the steps we took over the yearto reach these0als.

First, in order to create an understanding of the program-matic changes I envisioned for the agency, six ACTIONInstitutes were held. A cross section of employees frsecretaries to the highest presidential appointees m thefieldrfor one-week seminars. Program officers in the field hadan opportunity, many for the first time, to exchange viewsand discuss problems in detail with headquarters staff whofor years had been just named on paper or, at best, voices onthe phone. .

There were several objectives of the seminars:To explain the new directions for the agency;

- To promote an understanding of the problems facinganti-povEirty agencies, and to outline what agencies like ourshad to do to survive in the 70's;

To explain the need to broaden,the scope of theproblems we could address and to broaden the base of thosewe serve and those who wanted to serve, .1 .1

.To explore new techniques for generating new nationaland peal non - federal resources.

All evidence indicates the institutes were successful.'.Empirical data verifies that morale and expectations for the

agency's future hit an unprecedented high among allemployees attending. t

We took another signifieant step which has had atremendous impact on our staff capabilities and our abilityto place better qualified -volunteers in the field. This was theinstallation of a new in-housetraining system which providesintegrated training in all our domestic programs forvolunteerf, supervisor's, sponsors and field staff at a costless than that of VISTA training alone the previous year.

We have almost cdmpleted the first totally integrhtedsystem designed to provide program officers and sponsorswith one simplified programming formula for all programs.

We have had many more success stories in the agencythis year. You will find them detailedjn this report. at

Last year I told all of our employees, "One year from nowACTION will be a totally different agency."

ACtIONis a differentagency today. We have grown insize, and we have been innovative in our programs.Moreover, we have demonstrated that we can be a positiveforce for social change that is compatible with lobelstandards of conduct. We have earned the respect of

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communities across the country. Our all-inclusive definitionsof the community and our insistence on harmony andcooperation have resulted in invitation's for,ACTION tore-enter communitieslromyid) our programs had beenejectedjected in the past.

..Based on our record, and because we have kept our

promises, ACTION has earned the respect and trust of thecommunities we serve.,We'will survive as an anti-povertyagency becliseWe have learned that commuhity,support is the key to both survival and success.

IK 4.4i.$17".

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Mike Balzeno visits :the Little FolksVaxCareCenter in Eag Flogtbn.. ,,

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DOMESTIC OPERATIONS

The Office of Domestic and Anti-Poverty'Operations (DO) administers ACTION pro-grams operating within all 50 states, PuertoRico, American Samoa, Guam and the Vir-gin Islands.

The domestic programs for which it isresponsible are Volunteers in Service toAmerica (VISTA)", University Year for AC-TION (UYA), National Student VolunteerProgram (NSVP), Foster Grandparent Pro-gram, Retired' Senior Volunteer Program(RSVP), Servide Corps of Retired Execu-tives (SCORE, Active. Colps of Executives(ACE), Senio Companion Program andSpecial Volunteer' Programs. ACTION vol-'unteers in the programs bring their skillsand experienCe to bear On the urgent hu-man, econoMic, environmental and socialproblems fading America's disadvantaged. `

From a crafts, cooperative in riiral Mainestaffed by VISTA volunteers to) a spasticchildren's center in Los Angeles, relying onthe services:of Foster Grandparents, RSVP'and UYA .volunteers, their commitment ifthe same: ACTION nteers are devotedto helping people themselves.

THE FRAMEWORK ,. ,---1

,..On July.. 1, 1974, ACTION began its.fourth year as the federal government'svolunteer service agency. The past fiscal.year will prove very important to ACTION'sfuture. During this time -7-46110N laid thephilosophical and procedural foundatiohupon which the agency will build for yearsto come.

ACTION Celebrated two major eventsduring FY 1974 which will affect all levels

of domestic program operation. the articu-lation of the ACTION goals through theIntegrated Planning and Training Systemand the signing into law of the DomesticVolunteer_ Service Act. Collectively, thegoals and the act represent ACTION'scharter. The goals are ACTION's formalstatement of how the promotion and ex-pansion Of voluntarism in America shouldbe achieved. The act instructs ACTIONhow td carry out its programs,

To insure that staff understood the newACTION goals, the agency held six AC-TION Institutes, attended by 425 domesticprogram staff members. ACTION DirectOrMike Balzano visited each institute to ex-plain the vital new directiorr the, agencywas taking and to discuss with participantstheir hopes and concerns about their work..

Then, in order to achieve the goals,ACTpN an Integrated Planningand 'Train ng System (IPTS), combining theelements of sound programming and /rain-ing with a simplified and streamlined man-agement system. While retaining the indi-vidual identity of each program, ACTIONhas &awn from the collective experienceof all its volunteer components to structurethe IPTS. ,

An IPTS task force developed a singleprogramming system which includes onestandard set of -documents replacing allduplicatory items formerly in use, a manualcontaining IPTS policies and a new train-ing system.,

The IPTS will reduce the time neededfor assistance coordination and delivery.provide on-going monitoring of all ACTION

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prbjects, eliminate redLindant dpt,3 riequire-ments and standardize many of the previ-ously confusing lines of authority. Policymanuals were distributed to ACTION's tenregions during the spring of 1974 and thesystem will be fully operational by October,

'1974..Congressional p_assage of the Dompitic

VolunteerxSerxice Act on Oct. 1, 1973, re-quired a number of changes in existingpolicies and procedures To comply with

-the new,law, organizational changes weremade, the budget format was modified andnew policy directives were issued, includ-ing grievance procedures for VISTA vol-unteers and career counseling provisions

SEATTLE

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for low-Income, locally recruited VISTAvolunteers In a, separate law, Congressrevised the funding poliq for RSVP to pro-vide for continued ACTION assistance tolocal sponsors beyond the Original five-yearperiod It also reduced the non-federalshare of project \costs to a .maximum of50 per cent

The act also called for the development0 of ne, approaches to solving old prob-

lems. In response, ACTION designed aSpecial Volunteer Programs unit to test avariety of innovative programming ideas.Simple descriptions of SVP demonslratIonprojects follow.

The major difference between VISTA

ACTION in%the.U.S.- 127,000 yoluhteers.

X3,254

'o

938

SANFRANCISCO

10,637

1,393

908

987

206 .ALASKA1,118 HAWAII

12 AMERICAN iAmoA

NOATMDAKOTA

1,612 698

191

CoLdo.too

DENVER

3,081

,Co

816

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SOOT"DAKOTA

800

3,289 oosCOmstm

1,673

1,422

2,215

1117,7--A,SAS

KANSASCITY 3,296

1,024

°V.A"'"A AAAAAAA

1,6431,238

5,938 LOsiV.

DALLAS'FORT WORTH

3,291

1,115

1,1604

II10,104

1,520

I4,435

BOSTON

,046

2,418EW YORK

6,615 1:917lailLADELPHIA

:!:`,;stt/ 616 DEL.

888 1,402 1,808 MD...eo 883 P.C.

CHICAGO "744,845 2,754

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?,440

""" 1,981

13r\ 1,072

1,386 ATLANTA,3,217 2,158

1,067

370 PUERTO RICO40 VIRGIN ISLANDS

1,524

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and the ACTION Cooperative VolunteerProgram. is that sponsors to whom ACVsare assigned share the cost of the volun-teers with ACTION, paying. $4,000 towardeach volunteer's direct support.

Actministration,in Justice is a demonstra-tion- effort which engages resources fromthe National Center for Crime and ,Delin-quency to mobilize, volunteerS in tutice-related programs. ,

Vetreach volunteers are Vietnam era vet-erans who acquaint other veterans with,benefits and services offered.by the Vet-rans Administration and other soUrceswithin the community. Vetreach is a jointprogram of ACTION and the Veterans Ad-.ministration.

A two-year grant-enables the State Vol-unteer Services Cbordinator Program todevelop single offices Within states to actas advocates for voluntarism. Each officeprovides a clearinghouse for material andinfon'nation about volunteer Vrograms q-isting throughout the state.

Designed to mobilize rarge numbers oflocal part -time 'volunteers to work on spe,cific ,community- problems, the Mini -GrantProgram awardi up to $5,000 -to local ph-vate of public n n- profit, organizations..-ACTION is ardind grants to CitylCounrtV/Regibnal o'vernr nts to finable gOi-rnments to hire and support volunteer

programs Coordinators. The non-renewablegrants iange from. $15,099 to $50,000, de-,pending upOn the popuralion served.. Last yea'r the 350 - volunteer Program fgrLcical Service in the Seattle, Wash. areaproved St) successful-1-h', at'it was expandedto several other locations in the Uhrted

atates. Placement of full-time volunteers isa .combined effort, with applicants andsportors mutually agreeing to work to-gether.

ACTION'sneW Youth Challenge Program

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S77-I31 Q 75 = 2

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VISTA Volunteers 'Profile

'AGE

8.1%35.-44

5.5%45-54

4.5%55.64

SEX

'28.3%25.34

38.3%'22.24

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60.6%FEMALE

39.4%MALE

7.7%.20.21

2.2%18-19

5.4°4'B5+

ATTENDEDTECHNICALSCHOOL.

43:t%NATIONALLYRECRUITED

VOLUNTEERCORPS

COMPOSITION

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56.4%.LOCALLYRECRUITED

1.4. 1%-ATTENDEDCOLLEGE

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UYA Volunteer ProfAGE

9.6%18-19

0.4%55-r

22.7%ONEYEARCOLLEGE

1.2% (4'9%

r

45.54 35-44

SEX

E6UCAT2DN

1.1%ATTENDEDTECHNICALSCHOOL

29.7%TWOS

YEARSCOLLEGE _

27.5%THREE

COLLEGEY

12.5%COLLEGE

6.5% _GRADUATESHIGHSCHOOL .

ONLY

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is an experimental program to recruit andplace volunteers :14 to 21 years of age. I

purpose is to develop 'and_test the effetiveness of a volunteer, program for you gpeople in terms of its value Jo the vol n-teers themselves. Thirty-four plann nggrants were ayvarded in late FY 1974. heprogram is being developed by ACT ONEducation Programs/ which also ad nis-ters UYA-and NSVP)

MOVING FORWARDWhile new program)deas were being ex-

plored throughout DO, the agendy. con-tinued to maintain and strengtn i 'es-tablished programs. The greatest ncal growth'cluring the pest year took placein RSVP. The program .mushroome from28,029 to 101,612 volunteers, even hough.the projected strength for...June, 1.74, asstated in, last year's Annual Repo t, was"only" 90,000.

RSVP matches the skills of sen or vol-unteers with services,needed in the irlcom-munities. Although many4RSVP vo unteersserve 'in hospitals, schools, day c re cen-ters and libreries, many have cho en moreunique assignments matched sp cifiCallyto their ihterests or lifelong .desir s.

a/living history farm in Iowa, fot example.retired psychologlit drives a t actor on

A,Polish immigrant who tailored orld WarI uniforms is tailoring-Revolatio ary Armyuniforms for fellow yolunteers a a bicen-tennial site in New Jersey, A whit-- beardedvolunteer who a ways wanted to °e a moviestar drives a b ckboarit. loaded with cam-era-laden tourists Oro gh a recOnstructionof an early Arizona vil age. A ROman Cath-olic nun teaches arts and crafts at a juve-nile detention center / n Connecticut.

Tree newest of ACTION's domestic pr/o-grams, the Senior ompanion Program,enables low-income Mien and women age

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. A retired nun serves as an RSVP volunteer, teaching craft's at ajuvenile detention center in Hartford, Conn.

60 and over to give care and companion-ship to other adultsespecially th., elderlyliving at home, in nursing homes and ininstitutions. The program will emphasizehelping adults to stay at home and: out ofinstitutions.

'Committed to serve 20 hours ,a week,Senior Companions will visit' with two ormore, elderly people under the supervisionof cooperating , non-profit social serviceagencies. Sertior Companions will assistthe °elderly with meals and householdchores, read to, them, with shopping,take them to concerts and refer them t6appropriate 'social agencies when neces-sary._A Senior Companion must be 60 years

of age or oldcr,cin good health and in thelower income group. Volunteers receive amodest stipend for their service, transpor-tation, accident insurance and annual, phy:

sical examination Sen or Comp.ariions.witinot replace em d personnel or othervolunteers. They will complement the ser-vice of others.

The Senior Companion program is mod-eled after ACTION's highly successfulFoster Grandparent Program. More than12,100 Foste; Grandparents, all low- in-come men and women 60 and over, provide-love and guidance to emotionally, physical-ly and mentally handicapped children.

The benefits to both the children andGrandparents are indisputable. The handi-capped children often respond to the "Con-sistent and patient attention of the FosterGrandparents in_a manner described as"miraculous" by may hospital and insti-tution staff members. A Grandparent at apublic welfare receiving home for depen-dent children in Cincinnati might be speak-ing for all Foster Gsandparents when she

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A spontaneous hug is the reward-,of this Foster Grandparent at a welfare

. receiving home in Cincinnati, Ohio

says, "When you rte in each morningthey throw 'their little arms around you. I

love every day and every hour of it.",Many sponsors offer fringe benefits which

enable W. Foster Grandparents to enrichth, eir later years with college, courses insociology and child ,development, grouptherapy sessions, shopping inseuction andnutrition classes, as well as`the opportunity,to socialize with peoile of like age and in-terests.

Increasingly diverse sponsors are sup-porting-ACTION programs, in keeping withthe agency goal of attracting groups notpreviously involved with ACTION volunteerprograms, Churches, service clubs andlab2r Unions have joined the list of institu-tit" sponoring' ACTION programs.

For example, the First PresbyterianChurch m Reading, Calif. sponsors a VISTAself-help housing project with generous as-

. sistance from a five-county labor councilrepresenting 29 unions. The VISTA super-visor attends union roll calls to recruit non-working members on an a%-needed basis.On one occasion, six electricians rewireda Head Start classroom which has beenclosed because of inadequate wiring.

VISTA and UYA volunteers encounterproblems in health, justice, education,housing, social services, economic devel-opment and environmental protection. AsUYA volunteers develop techniques fordressing some of, society's problems, theyreceive academic credit. Volunteers servein lqw-income communities under the guid-ance." of college °faculty members andsupervisors from the poverty agencies towhich they are assigned.

Although few in number compared withACTION's larger programs, their influencetouches every corner of the countryfromAlaska Methodist University in Anchorageto the University of Massachusetts at Am-4'

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herst to Southern. Louisiana State Univer-sity in Lafayette to Pepperding Universityin Los Angelep.

SCORE, comprised of 4.694 retired busi-nessmen and women, increased the num-ber of businesses counseled by more than50 per cent during the yearthe secondyear in a row SCORE an make that claim.This year, SCORE's 2 3 chapters handled49.000 requests for avice. SCORE vtolun-teeo are available in every state to sharetheir- expertise in business managementand operation. .

ACE, a similar program offering business -advice, has a nationwide membership of2,364. ACE volunteers are executives wrw,

,unlike their SCORE counterparts, are netretired.j ,,..KEEPING TRACK'

To keep all of its 'programs opeiatingefficiently and effectively, DO makes yearlyevaluations. This year, DO conducted 246project evaluations of VISTA, UYA, RSVPand FGP programs. The evaluations allowany program weaknesses to surface and becorrected through plans developed andcarried out by state program, officers.

In addition to the evaluation, DO madea. production study of VISTA and UYA. Ina sample study of 56 pnojects with 719VISTA and UYA volunteers, certain con- '

elusions were drawn regarding the eco-nomic benefits of ACTION volunteers tolocal clients and sponsors. To arrive at' anestimate of what a volunteer is "Worth" Thefollowirfg formula was used. volunteer pro-duction equals the sum Of income gener-ated plus savings for service plus the new

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VISTA Projects \

15.7%EDUCATION

& .

MANPOWER

11.7%HEALTH

38.5%cLE

.13.8%HOUSING

10.5%COMMUNITYPLANNING

9.8%ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT

resources made available to the sponsorplus the additional manpower generated.If all 719 volunteers in the sample workedone full year and continued to mobilizeresources at the rate they had in the past,the average amount would be $28,941 pervolunteer.

A separate DO study of RSVP resultedin a better understanding of what consti-tutes a successful program and the diffi-cultiesof operating an Ftt VP. The programwill be modified accordingly,

THINKING AHEAD 1-4

During FY 1974, thre xtexperiments weredesigned to test whether a regional opera-tion can simultaneously meet the needs ofthe local community, provide more efficientmatcheS between ACTION volunteers andprojects, and better utilize ACTION's ap-plicant resources.

In two of the experiments, regiobal do-mestic field operations and recruitmentand Communications efforts have beenmerged.

The / Region I experiment is testingwhether the DO and Office of Recruitmentand Communications (ORC) regional of-fites can be merged under the leadershipof one director to achieve 10 and DO re-,cruitment goals, take sole responsibility fpr

UYA Projects

23.273HEALTH

34.6%SOCIALSERVICE

19.2% 11111114 3.EDUCATION HOUSING

MANPOWER

7.7%ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT

11.5%COMMUNITY`PLANNING

the successful delivery of all domestic vol-unteers who are to serve in the region, andeffectively perform other ongoing func-tions. The Region VII experiment is testingthe same things plus the capability of aregional office to process and evaluate aPI10 and nationally recruited volunteer (NRV)applicants recruited in the region.

the third experiment tests the concept ofan ACTION Service Center which has beenproposed by the ORC western regionaloffice. An ACTION Service Center main-tains.the two separate regional structures,but delegates much of ORC's headquartersoperational responsibility to the field. TheORC western experirrient is,-testing whetheran ACTION Service Center can achieve 10and DO recruitment goals, be solely re-sponsible for the successful delivery of alL.--)trainees to the DO regions it serves (Re-gions VIII, IX, and X), and process andevaluate all NRV and 10 applicants that itrecruits

Criteria have been °developed which willbe used to measure the success of eachexp4riment , against the objectives, each

.othdr and the centralized system. The eval-uation Ai each experiment is ongoing anWill bfrbncluded by Oct. 1. At that time,decisions will be made on the propercourse ACTION will follow in the future.

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REGION I

MASSACHUSETTS

"14

*NISTA185 SCORE265 FGP

3536 RSVP12 ACE

120 I)YA5 SVP

CONNECTICUT131 thSTA242 FGP

1936 RSVP

28 A78

3 S

-RHODE ISLAND108 VISTA50 FGP

853 RSVP.426 SCORE53 ACE A

1 SVP

MAINE133 VISTA47 FGP

1233 RSVP619 SCORE37. ACE2 VP

VEW HAMPSHI49 VISTA50 FGP

918 RSVP61 SCORE37 ACE0 SVP

VERMONT59 VISTA46 UYA58 FGP

890 RSVP49 SCORE55 ACE3 SVP

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New England: little white churches,maple syrup dripping into a bucket, fishingboats bobbing in a blue harbor. But New

}England is also an RSVP volunteer IA Hart-fordteaching a senior citizen how to readfrom a book called "Famous Black Amer--

UYA volunteers manning mobiledental units in rural Vermont to treat chil-dren who have never Seen a dentist before,and a feisty 76-year-old VISTA cuttingbureaucratic, red tape for local residentsat, a Little City Hall in South Boston.

ACTION programs in the six states com-prising Region I' are rich in diversity. Thenumbers of volunteers are grouting byleaps and bounds. New England's SCOREmembership rose to 580 and new chaptersspran in six cities, bringing the total

er of chapters to 27. SCORE inSpringfield, Mass. was credited by Industrymagazine with saving the life of an ailingmachine tool firm. Neither the Small Busi-ness AdminiStration nor the banks,. Werewilling to risk giving the company a loan.SCORE members afiprofflched private- in-vestors who put up enough ,money so thatSBA and the banks later said "yes" to thetune of $350,000.

_There is growing state governmerct andhost institution support of the Foster

randpaeent` program. Vermont is plan-ning,,to build low-income senior housingon state institution grounds where FosterGrandparents serve, anSI in 'Massachusettsseveral state offices are considering sup-port of Foster Grandparents in publicschools, delinquent children's group homesand group homes for retardates. Conned-cut has allocated $250,000 to develop astatewide Senior Companion Program.

Fifty-five Senior Companions in 'RhodeIsland will work in institutions with patientswho need constant support and encourage-ment in order to return to community-based

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Joining efforts at a senior citizen drop-incenter in Boston are a VISTA volunteer (I.)

sponsored by the Massachusetts Assn.for Older Americans and a UY A volunteer

from the University 01 Massachusetts.

or independent living.Boston's Commission on the Affairs of

the Elderly was awarded over $218,000for a PLS program aimed at helping thedisadvantaged elderly. Fifty pedple willserve through sponsoring social serviceagencies, aiding the less mobile, elderly inselected city target areas.

Three new RSVP programs were fundedduring FY 1974, while existing RSVP spon-sors began to plan volunteer assignmentsin relation to community need, such as theNewton, Mass. program in which 40 RSVPvolunteers conducted lead paint screening.A sponsor from western Maine hai re-

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kr .4 !'4 4" %.20`. 4'"

47%.1:4

cruited 90 per cent of its volunteers frcirn _ Cias Unidas, came to the rescue of fellowformer blue collar ranks. Another Main;.i' Spanish-Americans following-a severe fireI.spopitor successfully utilizes volunteers in Chelsea, Mass last year. The volunteersfrom a friendly visitor station as' sitters aided families in relocating, distributedwith physically ill spouses to enable the food and clothing, and assisted disasterwell partners to serve as volunteers.. - relief agencies.

RSVP volunteers at the Brattleboro, Vt. ,' VISTA volunteers are working with thepublic library help the legally blind use a Worcester, Mass. Consortium for Highercomplex and versatile electronic machine Education, Inc., which is comprised Of 11which helps people read,and write. Thanks, colleges And universities. The volunteersto the. Lazor machine, one .participant will assist in 'developing Communication,!darned td write for the first time. Others, transportation, superviion and overall co-are able to-balance checking accounts and ordination mechar*ms to field an esti-perform similar activities to maintain inde- mated 1,T00.part-time student volunteers.pendence. In Whiting, Vt., RSVP stimulated TribalGove'rnors, Inc. was apprONI asthe town to reopen an abandoned library. a statewide VISTA sponsor in Maine. Vol-The building was restored with the support unteers will be recruited -and supervisedof the selectmen and the help of the .fire by the local, Indian reservations, with eachdepartmern, a youth service agency and a reservation respOnsible for developing itsbig brother program. own projects.

Region I has \refined they consortium The Mini -Grant Program, one-ITS1T-model for sponsoring VISTA volunteers, cial Volunteer Programs operating in Re-

.who are abl% to serve a number of com- gion I, enabled the develotment, produc-1 'smunity agencies under the consortium urn: tion and distribution of an instructionalbrella. The model has been used at least film and workbook which `will. be used toonce in each of the six New England states train volunteers working- witli.moderatelyover the past year. . to. severely brain-damaged children. The

,

All the VIST'A volunteers Or a Spanish- $500 grant was awarded to the Woodstockspeak' social service consortium, Agen- Learning Clinic in West Woodstock, Vt.1

,..

13- 15

ti

REGION IIoft

NEW YORK

326 VISTA117 UYA

1097 FGP8185 RSVP

257 SCORE109 ACE

13 SVP

PUERTO RICO163 VISTA111 FGP

- . 13 SCORE.9 ACE

89 RSVP0 SVP

16

r-

NEAERSEY48 VISTA .56 UYA

313 FGP3320 RSVP127 SCORE42 ACE

` 11 SVP

VIRGIN ISLANDS27 VISTA51 FGP37 RSVP0 SVP

New York, New Jersey, Puerto Rico andthe Virgin Islands are diverse in culture,language and custom, but all are markedby high unemployment and crime, intensi-fied by widespread drug addiction. Be-cause of the rapid rise of food and housingcosts, large numbers of the elderly, ofwhich there are more than five million, andfamilies, particuldrly those without contrib-uting fathers, are" caug t in the economic

'Squeeze. The mobility o a substantial seg-ment of the welfare po ulation also height-ens the need for olunteer programsagainst poverty t area.

VISTA vol hteers are addressing theseproblems roughout the region. In South

r)pnx, ew York City, 26 VISTA volunteersare assi ned to the Riker's Island project.Their ai is to help prison releasees return"

community with a place to live, re-stored family ties and ba.job. Records of thepast year show that 42 per cent of thoseex-offenders placed in jobs have been em A'i) I oyed longer than six months.

In nearby Jersey City, N.Jk ASTA vol-unteers cover the city by mobile van. Theirgoal is to find those people on welfare whoare not rIkeiving food stamps, althoughmore than10 per cent of them qualify. Inanother VISTA project, the Hunger TaskForce of Buffalo, N.Y. has established anemergency food center which is supplied,by donations. Its efforts have increasedthe number of public and parochial schools

/participating in a breakfast program. VISTA° volunteers assist the Erie County Office for

the Aging in outreach and transportationprograms in support of the nutrition pro-gram for the elderly.

Five lawyers serve as VISTA volunteers.with the Monroe Colinty Legal AssistanceCorp. in Rochester, N.Y. Elderly and pov-erty level tervnts there found that theirrents had been increased in the face ofsignificant code and biiirdirirg defects. Theyorganized into tenants' askidations, and

(

REGION m

PENNSYLVANIA

PHILADELPHIA

WESTVIRGINIA

DELAWARE23 VISTA

136 FGP448 RSVP

1 SCORE1 ACE7 SVP

WEST VIRGINIA16 VISTA30 UYA

215 FGP18 SCORE15 ACE

594 RSVP0 SVP

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA38 VISTA29 UYA

'56 FGP'666 RSVP

05 SCORE49 ACE0 SVP

18

MO

GEL

VIRGINIA

PENNSYLVANIA95 VISTA13 UYA

654 FGP5620 RSVP

151 SCORE77 ACE5SVP

MARVLAND312 VISTA120 UYA265 FGP

3536 RSVP185 SCORE12 ACE5SVP

VIRGINIA35 VISTA

196 FGP'1085 RSVP

58 SCORE20 ACE17 UYA18 SVP

- .

..Region III has been exploring new spon-sorsand new ways to use Volunteers withnotable success during FY 1974.

For example. the Greater WashingtonCentral Labor CouncilAFL-CIO in Kash-ington, D.C.becamehe first- union organi-zation in the nation to sporlsor a FosterGrandparent Program. In Pittsburgh, theAllegheny County government received thecountry's largest Senior Companion Pro-gram grant. It is the only Senior Compan-ion program that includes senior ethnicVISTA volunteers as an integral part of-thedesign. More than 120 Senior Companions

coordinate' efforts with V bilingualTA volunteers to reach :the isolated..

et nic elderly, many, of whom are re-.tired area labor union members.

Bilingual VISTA volunteers from Phila-delphia's Chinese communitx are keeping

Ttraditi+saiive among local youp andbringing services to the elderly through theChinese Benevolent Assn. acid Chinatown's)(MCA.

In a program focusing on counseling forwomen offenders, female ex-offenders ,

serve as VISTA volunteers in Washington,with One Ameriqa, Inc.

The Mission of Community Concern, Inc.is sponsoring six inmates on daily furloughfrom the District of Columbia Departmentof Corrections facility at Lorton, Va. as full-time volunteers. The inmates Will work withapproximately six VISTA volunteers ascoulheelors if) a -juvenile delin'quenc pre-vention program. The VISTA volunteershave' helped to set up alutoring programat the mission for students with a recordof high absenteeism or truancy. They also'are working to improve potential dropoutsin a truancy prevention prograrn'.... theLorton inmates will work with jUvenileoffenders s well as high school dropouts.

New areer development is the result of

,21

farsighted planning in Pittsburgh. TheFoster Grandparent program is creating alocally funded p)ogram to enable formerFoster Grandparents to work as pare-orb-

-fessionals with exceptional children in theirown homes. Former VISTA volunteers withthe Welfare Rights Organization are mov-ing into casework aide positio6 with thewelfare department.

The same city has made good use ofSCORE volunteers. The Opportunity Cen-ters Division of the Allegheny County Assn.for Retarded Children found that their sixarea workshops fol. Styc relMmoderatelyretarded were" 'hot producing tocapacity. The pro em lay with the produc-tion of piecework made under contract toprivate industry. A team of four SCO Evolunteers was assigned to help the cent rbreak down Complicated- rnanuf acturinjobs so that the retardates could guccess-fully idle them. They also worked outways to- increase production and bee ttermeet customer standards. SCORE then puttogether a public relations program whichincluded -newly designed informilionalbrochures and a worganized speaker's810,

buredu to educate lh public and opendoors for more/contracts for the center.

A former corporate executive who is a

o

o e

senior VISTA developed a public relationscampaign and staff training for the West-moreland County Conference on EL:oriomicOpporlutnity in central PennsylVania.Through his efforts the..aNncy resolved.a $200,000 deficit during -his year of ser-vice.

Senior volunteers have been invaluable,throughout the region. In Boys, d.. a'/group of RSVP volunteers maRes.weekly,visits to an elementary .school and a daycare center, to the delight of many.-smallstudents. Besides singing, stOrytelling andwoodworking, the volunteers have made avariety of readirg and mathematics instruc-tional materials which teachers use jn theirclassrooms. As ,a result of the vglanteers,'innovative approaches, the county reading, 2,1

specialist started a language arts lab Usingmany of the volunteer-created materials.

ACTION "new business"' includes 36 ,ACVs placed-in four states, thanks to $256,-000 committed -from private sources for thesupport of these' full-time ACTION' volun-t*rs. With special assistance through AC-TION Mini-Grants, two Philadelphia innercity organizations are establishing a com-munication, technigal assistance and re-sourCe development) network by using:corn-munity volunteers as block ombu smen.

ACTION "old business" inclu s ;kb .. and VISTA volunteers providing fol w-up

services to those affebted by Hurr'icane"Agnes in 1972. They are assisting,withhousing relocation problems in Wilkes-:.Barge, Pa. under the sponsorship of thePennsylvania state government.

The lifiCs occupy youngstersand their VISTA volunteer

.at 'a family day care centerin the Tioga-Nicetown sectionof Philadelphia.

22

I

19

4/4

SOUTH CAROLINA NORTH CAROLINA63 VISTA

116 FGPSCORERSVP

3 ACE0 SVP

IFLORIDA KENTUCKY

' 57 VISTA183 FGP

1157 RSVP8523 A

74 VISTA666 FGP

3431 RSVP.449 SCORE81-ACE12 SVP

34 VISTA40 UYA

194 FGP1076 RSVP

51 SCORE38 ACE-

7 SVP s

0

TENNESSEE23 VISTA

164 FGP1677 RSVP'

80 SCORE10 ACV21 UYA6 SVP

MISSISSIPPI GEORGIA ALABAMA44 VISTA . 43 VISTA72 FGP 39 UYA

833 RSVP 32 FGP49 SCORE 3059 RSVP25 ACE 21 SCORE, .89 UYA 15 ACE6 SVP qtVP

2Q

127 FGP1138 RSVP

61 SCORE34 ACE3 VISTA

22 UYA1 SVP

...This ACE volunteer in lorida'is,a

management consultant specializingin accounting and production,

marketing problems.

ACTION's busy Region IV has seen un-preceridented activity during the past year.It now claigis nearly 17,500 volunteers, aningrdese of more than 10,000 over lastyear. Cash and in -kind local support ofACTION programs totals almost $2 million.VISTA was invited to serve in Mississippifor the first time, .and the region's eightUYA programs have reduced the costs ofvolunteer support below all otUr UYA pro-grams in the nation.

When ACTION was born in July, 1971,Mississippi had Only one ACTION program,in the state-SCORE. Today, 1:1sides itsSCORE chapters, Mississippi thn boastmore than 1,000 ACTION volunteers. TheMississippi Red Cross, is sponsoring aVISTA disaster training 'and health trainingprogram in which volunteers' serve poorresidents in the delta area. The sponSoris absorbing the cost of the volunteers,who will train large numbers of local vol-.unteers to both aid in disastdr relief Andinstruct low-income persons in ways to im-prove health standards.

In Mississippi's neighboring state of Ala-bama,- the remarkable leature of a VISTAself-help housing project is the numberand range of Organizations working.to, con-struct not just new homes but a whOle newlifestyle for low-income residents' of Au-burn.

Community resident work 20 'hours a-.:Week helping to build their oWFI\ homes.VISTA volunteers coordinate, assistingwith multiple details from the roan-applica-tion to the housewarming. The Farmer'sHome Administration provides loan assist-ance.

Entire fraternities frpm Auburn Universityvolunteer to tackle one-time bi6ojobs wheremany hands make a difference. Severaluniversity faculty members, each an expertin some housing-related field: sit on the

23

1

bOard: of directors of the project. Whenappropriate, Lee County Head Start assignsits social workers to families in need. Thewelfare office keeps its eyes open forpeople who might qualify for the housingprogram and refers potential home builders.to VISTA. Finally, supervised students from

. "The Opelika State Technical Institute, avocational-high school, do the electricalwiring on the new homes.

Another pro' .h another state workedfol"'thd same reason the Auburn projesucceeded thmunity people got into t eact. A' Head Start teacher in Column' ,

S.C. expressed the need for a playgrouto a VISTA supervisor', who passed it alongto a VISTA architect and a fellow volunteer.Agreeing .to undertake the project, theVISTA volunteers procured nearlyall their

r materials by donation and purchased therest with $400 provided by Head Start.

The playground was constructed on the' gioundi -of a. 200-unit low-cost housing

project. As the playground took shape,..so.did co miinity interest. Soon teenagers be-gan to elp with construction; and neigh-borhood children gladly "tested" the equip-ment. The playgrdund took three monthsof full-time work to complete and is valuedat $5,000.

The integrated approach is in high gearin Florida. The Foster ,,Grandparent Pro-gram in Orlando cpeated a cooperative

project for marketing items made by seniorcitizens. The t project- receives SCORE

. counsel and is staffed by RSVP volunteers.

Some Special Volunteer_ Programs werefresh off the drawing board at the end ofFY 1974, and several SVP'volunteers werealready in the field. For instance, in Louis-ville, Ky. an ACVis part of a human ser-vices coorcitnation project representingtate and regional public agencies, local

p lic agencies and the voluntary sectorin L uisville and Jefferson County. In bothNorth and South Carolina, State VolunteerServices Coordinator Program grants wereawarded to prornOte and study. voluntarismand devise ways of stimulating a moo co-ordinated approach' while increasing citi-zen involvement.

Plans are complete to place 50 SeniorCompaniOns in a mountainous rural areaof Tennessee. Their program is designedto offer in -home services for older peoplewhere' nursing home facilities, health care

4and social Workers are non-existenk7 .

Re ion IV staff members agree, that theyhave shared an exceptionally productiveyear. One of their activities was a regionalconference on voluntarism which broughttogether more than, 500 participants fromall eight states. Civic, b'usiness,-fraternal,'governmental and volunteer groups pinedACTION for the three-day event'

/

24'(. 21

I

REGION V

22

e

ILLINOIS116 VISTA38 UYA

618 FOP3863 RSVP

156 SCORE48 ACE6 SVP

INDIANA34 VISTA

287 FGP2374 RSVP

43 SCORE13 ACE3 SVP

.WISCONSIN

96 VISTA27UYA

331 FGP1114 RSVP

69 SCORE36 ACE.

MICHIGAN50 VISTA38 UYA

351 FGP2657 RSVP

89 SCORE97 ACE9 SVP

OHIO17 VISTA35 UYA

714 FGP5469 RSVP

158 SCORE73 ACE -8 SPV

MINNESOTA87 VISTA11 UYA

348 FGP2648 RSVP

137 SCORE56 ACE

2 SVP

Sr

Region V leads the nation with its volunteer strength of 22,493 serving the six-state area. The region also considers itsfive newly developed integrated program"packages" as facts worthy of note.

Thal first program, developed in coopera-tion with the Administrative Resources 7r;

Assn. (ARA) of Columbia, Ind., involvesVISTA, ACV, the C/C/R program and alocal volunteer mobilization and coordina-tion program.

VISTA volunteers kind ACVs are provid-ing technical assistance, conductiqg' sur-Veys to determine needs and helping tofind resources for 15 southern Indianacities which are members of ARA. TheLilly Endowment of Indiana supplied theproject with $100400.. Chicago was selected as the site for a

second integrated program, which unitesACTION, resources with those of'the localHellenic Foundation. ACTION volunteersfrom three diffdrent program areas havecondUcted a detailed census of Chicago'sGreek-American community. The cooper-=tive effort focuses on the elderly and recent "immigrants within the Hellenic community

-of .an estimated 200,000 persons.In a third example of integrated pro-

gramming, VISTA and Suomi College inHancock, Mich. tare addressing the prob-lems of senior -citizens irf the four-Cpuntyarea served tly the college. The Communityincludes a high concentration of Finnishand Italia* elderly.

The Cass' orridor area of Detroit is thesetting for fourth integrpted program' in-volving ACTION volunteers, students fromthe Detroit Institute of Technology (DIT)and the Detroit city government..

Many of the elderly living in -the areaare robbed on their way to cash their

25

Talking togethertogether in the mother tongue,a VISTA volunteer of Ukrainian descentadvises a Ukrainian senior citizenhow to stretch his monthly income.SenforEthnic Find is a well-knownVISTA project servingChicago Detroit and Cleveland.

Social Security checks. Students from DlTwill serve as personal escorts in a measure

- to protect the elderly from attack. The citywill provide transportation for the seniorsand volunteers. The- volunteeis will tiy tointerest the seniors in the City'ekutritionprogram.

Northwest Indiana is the locale of thefifth integrated program, developed_in co-operation with the Council on Aging ofLake County, Ind. The /program will de-velop services for the $8,000 senior .citi-zens residing in Lake*Courity. It is relyingOn ACTION volunteerS from three pro-,grams, $43,750 from the Indiana StateCommi n n Aging andIthe Aged; and$36,000 fr ACTION.

Project S nior Ethnic Find has expandedto include f ur cities with strong ethnicrepresentations. The VISTA project, is lo-cated'in the induitrialized cities of Chica-go, Gary: Cleveland and Detroit.

Senior Ethnic Find VISTA volunteers do,what the title of their.oroject.impliestheylocate elderly ethnic citizens andracquaintthem with available services. Nearly 60bilingyal volunteers, -all senior citiieristhemselves, serve in 26 distinct ethnic com-munities.'The region leads the country in RSVP

enrollment' with 18,198 volunteers, com-pared with the1973 total of 4,595. RegionV is also the only area in the country .toturn out a SCORE story with the cryptictitle, "Singer Makes Song a Hit." A Chinesegentleman named Song who ran a plitIsticsmolding business turned to a SCORE vol-unteer named Singer whose baCkgjoundincluded plastics molding. Song's present

I operation now does ten times the volumeof his original business, thanks, in cart, toSinger's help. .

a

REGION VI

e

ARKANSAS TEXAS74 VISTA 162 VISTA

^ 110 FGP 65 UYA968 RSVP 563 FGP52 ACE 4650 RSVP.0 SVP 280 SCORE

34 SCORE 208 ACE10 SVP

OKLAHOMA NEW MEXICO74 VISTA 103 VISTA

110 FGP 88 FGP968 RSVP 571-RSVP34 SCORE 51 SCORE52 ACE 1 ACE0 SVP 2 SVP

LOUISIANA37 VISTA ,44 UYA

155 FGP724 RSVP73 SCORE'33 ACE

1'SVP

I

In Region VI, state officials at the highestlevel are .suggesting ways to take advan-tage of ACTION's rich human resources.Grassroots organizations are helping 'to de-sign programs to meet the needs ofman on the street and, at the co orate.level, businessmen and women are contrib-uting private funds and expertise.,

ACTION was among 11 major organize-,tiohs mobilized last year for a statewideimmunization project task force in Arkan:sas. VISTA nurses from around 'the stateinoculated more than 225,000 youngsters,while RSVP volunteers kept. records:

The region has awarded funds for its.first PLS effort, sponsored by. the Man-power Council in Little Rock. Workingthrough the Arkansas Department of SocialServices, the PLS volunteers will find andinform the eligible residents in 16 countiesabout the food stamp program. '

Under the ,sportorship of the Natchi-toches (La.) Area Action Assn., two VISTAnurses are working with 20 RSVP volun-teers to establish a permanent health cen-ter for the corimunity, since the nextclosest me I services are 23 miles away.During the.,past ar, the VISTA volunteershave provided regular nursing servicesthree days a week. RSVP volunteers act asaides in the clinic and promote its con-tinued growth in their neighborhoods.

. In fact, RSVP volunteers integrate easilywith many different ACTION volunteers. InAlbuquerque, N.M., RSVP and SCORE vol-unteers are recruiting retired paralegal per-sons to assist' a staff attorney and- VISTAlawyers who will deal exclusively with thelegal problems of the elderly_. The RSVPsponsor, the 'Area Agency on Aging, isproviding funds to the Legal Aid Societywhich sponsors the VISTA lawyers.

In the same city, an ACV workingthrough the New Mexico Bar Assn. is set:

24C- 2741.

ting up a volunteer parole aide programto provide parolees with the guidance andcounsel of volunteer attorneys from thecommunity.

The criminal justice system is also re-ceiving great attention from VISTA volun-teers in Oklahoma City. Many peoplebrought into jail for minor offenses cannotpost release bonds. VISTA volunteers fol-low a careful system in determining whichprisoners should be recommended for per-sonal recognizance bonds.

The. chief municipal judge. there haspraised the volunteers for a probable 90per cenj success rate. "That's probably asgood irate as you find for those who payto be let out on bail," he says. In additiox,VISTA volunteers have mobilized resourceswhich resulted in a $35,000 grant from theOklahoma drime Commission to expandservices initiated through ACTION.

Community support is happening in Ros-well. N.M., where the Security NationalBank is paying for SCORE advertisementsin the local newspaper. Despite the vastsize of Region VI, new SCORE chapter de-velopment puts a SCORE counselor withindriving distance of every business personin the five-state area. SCORE's brother pro-gram, ACE, numbers morainan 300 volun-teers. Houston, Tex. is still the only city inthe country with a separate organized ACEchapter. .

The Texas Department of CommunityAffairs is an umbrella agency which ad-ministers most of the ,state's.services pro-gams, The department fs a sponsor ofboth VISTA and ACV, and has been desig-natad to administer an ACTION State Vol-unteer Coordinator program grant.

. In addition, two Texas. organizationswhich serve migrant workers on a year-

A UYA vofunteer from El PasoCommunity Collegein Texas (r.) talks over procedures forcounseling alcoholics with hiscommunity supervisor.

round basis have become ACTION spon,sors for ACV and VISTA projects. Whilevolunteers will be trained and assigned inRegion VI, they will. travel the migrant_trailto temporary assignments in Idaho, Ohio,.Illinois and other locations. These projectsare being coordinated by Region VI in co-operation with Region X aAd Region V.

2825

$4.

REGION VII

IOWA MISSOURI58 VISTA

186 FGP1726 RSVP

189 SCORE20 ACE26 UYA10 SVP

81 VISTA32 UYA

280 FGP2730 RSVP

115 SCORE55 ACE3 SVP

The 187 ACTION programs in Region VIIdemonstrate that voluntarism is a worth-while and successful means of solvingproblems and meeting community needsWithout more or higher taxes.

The success of this demonstration cartbe measuredbj, the region's extensive prO-gram development and the degreeqb which

theprograms have fulfilled agency goals.A broad and representative criss 'sectionof-Midwestern society Lsiepresented by thePlains States' 74 new ACTION programs.The region has attracted new and differeilt;kinds of sponsors and has witnessed a'dra-matic increase in resources mobilized tromthe public and private sectors.

For instance, a VISTA project in Walthill,Neb. generated a $282900 grant from theNebraska Regional Medical Program for a.health educator and a part-time nurse.VISTA volunteers on a legal aid projectsponsored by the Indian Inter-Tribal De-velopment Corp. were responsible for ob-taining...925,000 grant for rehabilitation ofalcoholice.

NEBRASKA KANSAS From Father Flanigan's Boys' Town to61VISTA 78 VISTA he Crazy Horse, Cioltural Cekriter both14 OVA, 101 FGP

131 FGP '729 RSVP Nebraska sponsors of ACTION programs 4.

1107 RSVP 53 SCORE , the neighbor-helping-neighbor concept has58 SCOCE

27RE 34 ACE caught fire. In Lincoln, the Open Dbor34 UYA

17 SVP 11 SVP Health Center was derIpped by low-income residents working side by sidewith VI A vo unteers: The Lincoln Fgin=dation a local philanthropic organization,'provi -d $18,000 toward the operation ofthe center. The success of this programhas prompted the mayor of Lincoln to ap-ply. to sponsor a VISTA project aimed athis city's housing problems.

In Rock Valley, Iowa the Rotary Clubsponsors a roster Grandpaient Progiam.An in-kind cash contribution of $20000comes from the host institution, a private

:e non-profit school for the mentally and

26 29

Living History Farmsin Des Moines, Iowa

finds RSVP volunteersinvaluable. Here, a

volunteer whomaintains a farm

implement museumgives a rope-making

demonstration.

:: i :1Thitt

:htsa REM=

cm= VW=:,""zor -00'd

physically handicapped.The Governor of Iowa's VISTA project

deyeloped a successful Mini-Grant pro-posal to establish a summer camp pro-gram for 'disadvantaged youth in the DesMoines area. The YMCA, this year's spon-sor, was assisted by the Iowa NationalGuard, the public school system and areavolunteers, This same group will see thatthe program continues next year throughcommunity support.

A VISTA project in-west centtal Missourihas- launched a job opportunity programfor the mentally and physically handicap-ped: Twenty-seven formerly institutional-ized people who never worked before areusing hand and power tools to make fillersfor automobile doors, wooden pallets andrubbish bags under contracts with FordMotor CO., Falstaff Brewing and TransWorld Airlines.

A grass roots resident-designed project-in St. Louis called Neighborhood Prideuses locally recruited VISTA industrialtradesmen to mobilize other skilled, trades-men' who help and teach local residents torepair their own homes.

In Kansas, Wichita State University INAvolunteers are building bridges betweenthe poverty neighborhoodend law enforce-ment agencies. They provide counselingfollowing marital fights which attract policeattention, work with social agencies andthe juvenile court system, and try in many

IV

A

is

-ways to Inc ease communication betweencommunity esidents- and the police. TheWichita pol ce department and city com-mission co tribute money, staff 'mid space.Police' de artmentpbrsonnel directly su-pervise th project.

Wichita is also the home base for Vet-reach, a rogram staffed by Vietnam era

erans ho have become VISTA volunteer Vetreach is co- sponsored by AC:TION, th Red Cross:and the Veterans Ad-ministra on. The VISTA volunteers havecontact :d approximbtely 500 veterans,about h If of whom have'vocational or edu-cational handicaps. They ap encouragedto visit he Vetreach center for aid in find-ing vo ationat trainirig programs or otherkinds

"Ir As i all ACT10.11 regions, Region VII,volunt ers are waging hand in hand. AUniver ity of Nebraska UYA volunteer andAmeri an Indian RSVP volunteers jointlycompi ed a .dictionary of the Lakota Ian-guag and a -history of the Santee-Sioux'tribe' for the Santee -Sioux reservation. In

'other examples of program integration, anRSV volunteer in Wellington, Kan. initi-ated a SCOT chapter in his city and anACV volur'er in Beatrice, Neb. made Fos-ter Grandparents aware of educationalpoS ibilities available through the Univer-sity/of Nebraska's extension services andarea junior colleges.

assistance.

3o27

,.

a

REGION VIII

28

MONTANA92 VISTA78 FGP36 UYA

1289 RSVP76 SCORE27 ACE14 SVP

SOUTH DAKOTA. 27 VISTA

81 ?GP43 SCORE33 ACE

3 SVP

COLORADO111 VISTA24 UYA

118 FGP73 SCORE55 ACE4 SVP

UTAH63 VISTA524UYA

120 FGP616 RSVP35 SCORE22 ACE

0 SVP

WYOMING NORTH DAKOTA9 VISTA 15 VISTA

44 FGP 82 UYA92 RSVP 34 F P22 SCORE . 467 RSVP24 ACE 32 SCORE

0 SVP - 66 ACE1 SVP

"40

O

Region VIII, covering 582,6)0 squaremiles and stretching 1,500 miles corner tocorner, is ACTION's largest region, It ex-tends from the Black Hills of the Dakthas,across the big sky country of antana,along the Rocky Mountains through Wyom-ing and Colorado, the salt flats of Utah.

There are famous landmarksMt. Rush-more, Pikes Peak, Yellowstone NationalPark, the Morm n Tabernacle in Salt LakeCityand there is widespread. poverty onthe region's 24, ndian reservations, in thebarrios of the many Spanish-speaking com-

,munities, in. urban ghettos and in smalltoms an farms scattered across theprairies.

ACTION is'working closely with,the re-gion's American Indians as the result of theyear-old Regional Indian Advisory Council.The council advises ACTION on what theagency can do to .assist Indian people inRegion VIII.

Tho council grew out of a two-day con-ference which included federal agenciesin direct contact with IndiansHEW, HUD,BIA, LEAA and tribal chairmen from 24reservations. The conference was historic:it was thefrfirst time the tribes had gottentogether. .

A VISTA attorney from Denver is helpingIndians determine who owns certain landsand where boundary lines run. He is also'helping them to redraft leases and writeland agreements.

At the country's largest Sioux reserva-tion in Pineidge, S.D., all -Foster Grand-parents are Indians who are ;haring theirtraditions and skills with their young Indian'"grandchildren." Nearly all the Grandpar-ents are accomplished craftsmen andwomen. VISTA and SCORE volunteers dedeveloping markets for theIndian jewelryand clothing made by the Grandparentsand are establishing accounting proce-dures for them.

Another economic develop efit projectinbludes.seven Indians, se non-Indiansand their Indian supervisors all VISTAvolunteers in Montana. Together they arehelping Crow and Blackfeet tribes by in-troducing new farming and ranching tech-

. niqUes an increasing the, efficiency of lo-cal Indian farmers' swine production.

Two interesting sidelights: One VISTAhusband and wife team serving at this proj-ect were former Peacle Corps volunteersin Brazil. The Crow tribe contributed$12,000 to the supervisory costs of theproject.

Sixty-eight experimental projects were3egun in Region VIII by ACTION's SpecialVolunteer Programs division. One of 52Mini-Grants awarded by &VP went to orga-

__ nize a four-day sports clinic for 250 Indianyouthson the campik of Dakota WesleyanUniversity in Mitchell, S.D. Young men fromfive states met with college and profes-,sional coaches and athletes and heardabout the opportunities available to ath-

. 4e

fetes. Sponsors of the program hope theyoung men will.stay in school in order totake advantage- of sports activities andprepare for future careers. There is a highdropout rate among Indisn youth in sec-

,ondary schobls.

In still a other effor involving Indians,ACV voluni ers are cooperating with theMontana Di ision of itlighway Safety in eprogram aimed at the habitual traffic of-fender. The five ACTION volunteers preIndians themselves and work primarily withIndiantraffic offenders.

UYA volunteers at Metropolitan StateCollege in Denver and the University ofUtah in Salt Lake City, are 'working withurban Indians, blacks and Mexican-Ameri-cans in self-help housing and health proj-ects.

One of the first ACTION City grants inthe country was made tO'Great Falls, Mont.The city created a 25-member advisorydomicil to identify existing human resourcecapabilities and develop .additiculal com-munity resources.

. Since agriculture is the dominant busi-ness in the region, SCORE/ACE volunteersin 20 chapters often counsel farmers andranchers who live at the mercy of a fluctu-ating commodity market.

On the administrative side, plans werewell under way at the close -Of -the fiscalyear to train VISTA ,volunteers in the fieldin a setting resembling their work sites.

Statewide training of VISTA supervisorsand project directors was begun, and rep-resentatives of agencies using ACTIONvolunteers were brought into training forthe first time. A training unit in RegionVIII's office will give career counseling 'tolow-income, locally recruited volunteers.

X Foster Grandparent at Pine Ridge, S.D.helps youngsters master skills at a school-for children with learning disabilities.

a.

32two.

29

t%-=-

Ca

p

1

REGION IX

30

ARIZONA CALIFORNIA234 VISTA187 UYA

1056 FGP8481 RSVP

355 SCORE288 ACE52 SVP -

48 VISTA15 UYA .

174 FGP651 RSVP89 SCORE90 ACE0 SVP

NEVADA HAWAII54 VISTA 44 VISTA

107 FGP 89 UYA730 RSVP 833 RSVP16 SCORE 49 SCORE27 UYA 25 ACE4 SVP 72 FGP

6 SVP

AMERICAN SAMO5 VISTA

4

In Region private sector and statee"--aqd local government support for 'AO-T1ON

programs totaled more than $1.75 millionduring FY 1974. Part-time volunteers at-tracted to the agency's programs by AC-TION volunteers nimbered 1,180. Pro-grams in each state California, Nevada,Arizona and Hawaii have found innova-tive solutions to area problems and areattracting new sponsors and new constitu-encies.

A unique living and working arrange-ment is proving successful at the SpasticChildren's Foundation in Los Angeles. In-stitutionalized residents of all ages live inan apartment. complex along with UYA,RSVP and FGP volunteers and the gen-eral public. The foundation owns the apart-ment building, which has been remodeledto , accommodate its _handicapped resi-dents. esident ACV coordinateities in which ACTION volunteers and thehandicapped are mutually involved.

In northern California, a VISTA self-helphousing projedt in Redding calls' upon

"RSVP volunteers with construction exper-tise to provide technical assistance toless experienced VISTA volunteers. Laborunions have devoted many Volunteer hoursto the prqkcts as have numerous membersof the community. Low-income residents,9oli4ge students, churFh members and theShasta County board of supervisors haveall been involved. The county board gavethe project a new half -top wide-bed truckas well as funds. Plans call for full-timeUYA volunteers frOm Shasta College' towork on the project during FY 1975.

Ih Las Vegas, Nev., 26 UYA and 31VISTA volunteer's, including two lawyersand sgven legal pprofessionals, areworking with community Organizations-inprotects involving food Stamps, education,manpower, housing, social services and

33

Pr

r

the administration of justice. The ACTIONvolunteers have assisted 250 exigible col-lege students and low-income membersof 60 churches to secure foOd stamps,mobilized 17 Neighborhood Youth. Corpsparticipants to renovate a day care center,provided housing assistance for the poor,counseled runaways and their families andoffered legal counsel to senior citizens re-

- garding welfare rights and consumercredit.

The VISTA sponsor in Las Vegas, ClarkCounty Legal Services, gives training andorientation to UYA, FGP and RSVP volun-teers. Still another member of the ACTIONfamily, SCORE, makei business assistanceavailable-to the above ACTION groups on acontinuing basis.

On a Navajo reservation in Cove, Ariz.,VISTA volunteers raised funds and in-volved private citizens in hefpinton-struct a traditional Navajo building calleda hogan. Using the hogan as a "studiV,"the VISTA volunters are training Nav 'ajoartisans in rug weaving, silversmithing andbasketweaving.

Ten VISTA volunteers built a $5,500"minimum .house." in Waimanalo, Hawaii,as a housing alternative. By June 30, eight*models were under construction. Several.local organizations participated. in theproject, including the Ha;vall Housing Au-thority, the Honolulu chapter of the Ameri-can Institute of Architects, the University

vt,

N,

In San Francisco:an Indian silver-smith who ownshis own shop seeksadvice from aSCORE volunteer.

of Hawaii. Community Design Center andprivate citizens.

"Watermelon Seed," a 300-page pre-school book for children of differing cul-tures, was published by Honolulu VISTAvolunteers. It is being used by the Univer-sity of Hawaii School of Education in grad-uate classes, at day cve centers and bymothers at. home. The University of NewMexico has requested 1,000 copies of thebook to, use in education classes and as atraining manual in university-operated' daycare centers throughout the state.

Through 'the mayor's office, the city ofLos Angeles contributed office space andmaterials fora new SCORE chapter in Van°Nuys which will serve the 1.5 million resi-dents of the San Fernando Valley.

More than 250 RSVP volunteers inPhoenix, Ariz. are placed in assignmentscorresponding to their interests and tal-ents. A Roman Catholic nun operates afree food and clothing bank in the base-ment of a church, a retired food chemistmans a clothing store selling garments foras little as ten cents in' a Mexiqan-Ameri-can neighborhood, and a former business-man puts in several days a week at. schoollibraries. Forty Sun City residents travel to 14

nearby El Mirage to teach English eachThursday night to 40 farm laborers. RSVPvolunteers in the same building conductarts and crafts workshops for the Mexican-American children while the parents studyEnglish:

34 31

o.

0.1

REGION X

32,,

WASHINGTON198 VISTA138 UYA215 FGP

'165 SCORE34 ACE

4212 RSVP39 SVP

ALASKA43 VISTA39 UYA32 FGP

3059 RSVP.21 SCORE15 ACE8 8VP

IDAHO52 VISTA18 UYA70 FGP

1151 RSVP .52 SCORE49 ACE

1 SVP

o °

OREGON119 VISTA40 UYA

106 FGP2857 RSVP

76 SCORE .26ACES30 SNP

`.---

In a visit to Region X one would find aSCORE chapter involving more than. 90.members in Seattle, Wash.; a VISTA proj-ect in the coastal town of ,Newport, Ore.comprided of senior citizens who seek outhe,isolated elderly; and RSVP voltinteers

in Orofino, Idaho who planted a garden thisspring for residents of a nursing home.,lnthe northermost state, UYA volunteersfrom Alaska MethOdist University are train-ing 128 Alaskans to become village health

_aides -under the supervision of the NortonSound Health Corp: in Nome.

G*9 rlegion X _has nearly tripled )s numberof ACTION' volunteers in the ;past year,often through recruitment efforts by volun:teers themselves. In Albany, Oie., for in-stance, two RSVP volunteers traveled

Through_a rural area recruiting more than70 volunteers.' 0

PLS is an example of a program whichbegan locally and has - now expanded tothe national leveL PLS began last year inSouth King County, Wash. More than. $50volunteerg age 17 to 25 participated in thepilot prbject. The p ogram was judgedsuch a success that It 'was expandedthroughout the state this year. It is fundedcooperatively by ACTION and the state ofWashington, aryl°its day-to-day operationshave been turned over. to the State Officeof VolUnteer Programs.

FY°1974, grants Were?LS_ programs in lour..

.

Before the end ofawarded to beginother ACTION vre-

Significant changes are, taking place inthe region's UYA*programs. At the presenttime, five'are located in Region X. At West-ern Washington State College, the' firststeps have been taken by the school ad=ministration to institutionalize the program.It has been combined withothe .humanservices program under the C011ege ofEthnic Studies. During the coming schoolyear, 100 UYA volunteers at Western Wash-ington 'will be joined by more than 100

O .

14.

Ot

human services students. At Alaska Meth-odist University, the college has raisedsufficient local resources so that each ofthe UYA volunteers receives a portion ofhis stipend from the college.

Alaska VISTA volunteers assigned' torural community action programs are per-forming vital services throughout the state,especially in 'floe pipeline corridor. Thepipeline wills deliver two million barrels ofcrude oil a gey. It runs almost straightsouth from Ndrth Barrow through the cen-ter of the state, pushing close to Fairbanksand terminating in southeast Valdez. One,of the major problems the VISTA volun-teers are addressing is the impact on smallnative, villages when nearly the entire adultmale population leaves to work on thepipeline.

SCORE and ACE volunteers in Alaskahave foundthemselves counseling long°hours this year. More requests for SCOREassistance are dub to rapidly growing busi-ness activity, a result of pipeline construc-tion. .

,In Oregon, ACTION has, developed anintegrated volunteer program with Laiie

'County's social services department. Thelocal governmental unit is the controllingagent for all ACTION programs, and spon-sors 35 VISTA volu eers and the RSVP.The volunteers are se ing throughout thecounty at nine different \locations stretch-ing from the Pacific Ocean to the CascadeMountaihs, a distance of about 200 miles.

A few years ago in Nampa and CaldweIdaho, a group of citizens sat-down to woron their communities' mutual problems.They organized the Community Involve-.ment Programs,. Inc. (CIP) and becamesponstors gf VISTA and RSVP. CIP has. ex-panded from manning a crisis line to oper-ating a Voluntary Action Center and orga-nizing a wide range of senior activities.

In Tacoma, Wash., a VISTA volunteer as-signed4d, the TaComa Urban League hasbeen responsible for generating more than

. s,

$25,000 in local resources for arlow-incomehm(sing renovation projeck: A.., unique °asPeO, of the project was the inclusion of-volunteers from 3,000 miles -away. TheyISTA volunteer in Tacoma coordinated4a(forts with the American Jeyiish Societyfar Service (AJSS) in New York.

Sixteen high school age volunteers trav-eled from the east coast to the west coastto work on the project. Local busi essmendonated paint and materials, the ational'aGuard unit provided transpoitatio andcots and many .members of the Jewishcommunity opened their domes to the highschool volunteers. The city government.was very supportive,and cutthyough red 'tape to allow the project to move at max-imum speed. .

The same enterprising VISTA volunteer - _.

wocked with .,the Puyallup, Indian fribetorenovatean.abandoned schoOl:for use as

an Indian center. Indian Students workedalqngside AJSS- voluriteers to put the .building in'shape.

One of the more dramatic sfories fromRegitin X combines Indians from theQuinalt reservation and ACE counselors.Through an Econbmic Develdpment- Ad--ministration program, and with the help ofACE volunteers', the Quinalts are market-ing their harvest of salmop- eggs in JapeTheir entire steelhead prbduction is flowndaily to the famous Fulton Fish Market inNew YIr4k City.

The 56 SCORE/ACE volunteers in Re-gion X have served 3,924 clients, most ofwhom required more than one counselingsession. §,GORE is part of integrated pro-gramming at the Walla Walla State. Peni-tentiary, , where SCORE menibers joinVISTA volunteers- who are offering legalaid to inmates. .

A Mini-Grant prggram for pre- and post-release counseling at the Monpoe, Wash.Reformatory tries to prepare men. for find-ing jobs, with the guidance of SCOREvolunteers.

'36 33

,(,*

eh

During the 1973-74 school year, AC-TION's Natio7Car Student Volunteer Pro-gram (NSVP) surveyed bollege- sponsoredvolunteer programs across the United

. States: Of the 2,000 questionnaires dis-tribyted, 681 Were-completed and returned.A -tatistical projdction shows that-the col-lege- student volunteer movement totalsmore than 2,000 programs involving anestimated 422,600 volunteers.

College volunteers contriblite approxi-mately 1.9 million hours of volunteer sent.ices each week. These 1.9 million hoursa week are equivalent to the work of47,000 ,fully employed people. If valuedat $2 an hour, college volunteers provided81 million worth of services to their-corn-

nities last year. The communities servedwould not or could not buy these valuablehuman services.

In addition to- the college yolunteeabout 60,000 high, school student arserving through 600 local programs.

NSVP's purpose is to see that student'volunteer programs on high school andcollege campuses across the country con-tinue to thrive while increasing their qual-ity. This purpose is accom lished by pro-vidIng.pertinent informs and assistanceto all who ask. A s ice delivery system,NSVP has no aU rity over local programactivities and does not grant operatingfunds.

NSVP responds to all requests for writ-

.

NATIONALSTUDENTVOLUNTEERPROGRAM.

Phoenix, 4riz. RSVP volunteer -r--\ ,

teaches a student volunteerhow to shop for the fiothe-bound elderly.

ten materials,. staff consultatiOn .and train-ing. During FY 1974, NSVP answered 5,306individual req0ests for assistance fro col-lage .and high school prograinS, oagencies using student volunteers, nptiorganizations and local, state and Tederalgovernment agencies.

In answer to over 1,000 requests for con-sultation, 126 days of on-site assistancewere provided by NSVP staff :and Consult-ants. All other requpfts for consultationwere handled by telephone or office cori-sultation.

Approximately 840 requests requiredspecial -technical assistance research aridwere ariswereaby letterriiore than 16:600copies of one or more of NSVP's 26 tedht .

nical assistance pubffEationS were sent toinquiring volunteers. Altogether, nearly19,000 pieces of information were mailed

the NSVP offices. --

This figure does not include Synergist, ajopriial about and for student volunteers,published three times in FY 1974 for a dis-tribution of 125,000 copies.

In addition to in-house activities, NSVPheld skills training labs in eight regions.The labs focused on creating' managingand evaluating college and high schoolstudent volunteer programs. The busy staff-of four also held.r...la three-day natjdnal con-,ference for over 200 college leaders of stu-dent volunteer pro rams and provided staffassistance various ACTION. programs.

37

4

lo*

tia

0

NTERNATIO NAL. OPERATIONSThe Peace Corps has ,concluded its 13th

year of service and its third year as partof ACTION with an expansion into six newcountries, th maintenance of 8,044 volun-teers and trainees overseas, and a 57 percent increase in host country contributionsn support of Peace Corps projects. Court-ries with Peace Corps programs now num-

69; the most in Peace Corps history.For 39 of these countries, the Peace Corps,provides the only form of U.S. bilateralassistance. In an era which recognizes the

,in'cre'asing need for global communicationand cooperation, the philosophy of thePeace Corps is indeed a relevant and vis-___able approach toward mutual- understand-

*Arnong the U:S. government- programs

abroad, the Peace Corps occupies a spe:cial position because.of its strong empha-.sis on the people-to-people nature of 'MI'services to developing Countries.

The placement of a volunteer representsa commitment by thePeace Corps, and 1hehost country to work together toward mu-,

tual goals. The volunteer's immediate goals,are to provide s_ervices..and to -transfer his.Or her skills 16 a co-worker.' By' traininghost country nationals, who in turn pist Ontheir expertise to fellow citizens, the yol-unteet- makes a contribution to the long-term goal of self-sufficiency.. In addition,there develops daring this proceSs of edu-cation, intepaction, and change an unusualelement Of human understanding. -

As volunteers help train local citizens,their success often depends On flow wellihey--telate to their co-workers. Their jobeffectiveness and ,credibility also, dependheavily on their ability to converse in the

local langtiage, understand foreign cus-toms and adapt to living and working con-ditions considerably less comfortable thanthose found at home.

In many developing nations, PeaceCorps volunteers are the only foreigners.,living and working .in rural communities.The cross- cultural, involvement of thePeke Corps volunteer continues to be adistinctive characteristic and an immeas-urable contribution ofithis very-unique gov-ernment program.

THE NEED CONTINUES'At o Bo of Governors meeting of the

World Bank in-Nai0obi, Kenya in Septem-ber, 1973, the group acknowledged that

_although the developing nations havemade progress, in the last decade, growthhas not reached the poor. Until the re-sources of a nation are spread equitablyarhong its citizens it was suggested, devel,opment will Continue, to be felt only by asmall minority. The statistics tell the grimstory: - N.,.

Oneetnird to one-half of the two billionpeople in developing countries suffer fromhunger or malnutrition.

20 to 25 per cent of therr children diebefore age five.

800 million people are illiterate andeven more of their Children are likely tobe sb-.

SPECIAL MANDATE REMAINS VITAL

rt-

The' mandate of- We' Pe;ce :corps,' as 11/

stated by Congress in 1961, is "to promoteworld peaCe and 'friendship through aPeace Corps, which shall make available .-

to interested countries and areas men andwomen of the United States qualified for

33, 35'44

Peace Corps-Volunteer- Profile

AVERAGE AGE

SEX

EDUCATION

70.0%COLLEGEDEGREE

16.9% 4111ATTENDEDCOLLEGE

2.3%HIGHSCHOOLONLY

36

Projects

52.4%EDUCATION

3.0% 1135A%I.TBUSINESS AND3.

PUBLICMANAGEMENT

20.7%

%I.4 AGRICULTUREAND RURALDEVELOPMENT

10.8%

POST 40:4,..%

GRADUATEDEGREE

5.0%URBAN DEVELOPMENTAND PUBLIC WORKS

8.4%OTHER

service abroad and willing to serve, underconditions of-hardship if necessary."

Within this mandate, three goals wereset:

". . . to help the peoples of such coun-tries and grew in meeting their needs fortrainec -rlanpower, to pelp promote a betterunderstanding of the American people onThe part Of the peoples served and a better.,understanding c other peoples on'the part.of the American`people."

The service and spirit whiclitusfain thePeace Corps give it a common bond withthe domestiC volunteer programs of AC-TION. As part of ACTION, the PeRce Corpsshares the cause of voluntarism and theopportunity for exchange of ideas and ex-periences.

VOLUNTEER PROFILEPeace Corps volunteers represent a

cross section of the talents- of the, peopleof the UnitecrStates. Volunteers range from.,skilled blue collar workers with high schooldegrees to specialists with Ph.D. degrees.In the last four years the number of volun-teers age 50 or older has tripled to morethan 300, and the average age of a PeaceCorps volunteer now is approximately 27years. The participation of women has in-creased from 30 per cent of total voliintedrstrength four years ago to more than 37

) per cent.

1

A Peace Corps agricultural extension volunteer checks an kanian farmer's progress.A sport coat, no mutter how t ttered, Is a necessary symbol of his position.

PEACECORPS kESPON IVENESSBecause" of-its organizational flexibility

and commitmeritto voluntarism, the PeaceCorps is capable of 'responding to theneeds of communVieS overseas at threedistinct stages: -

The majority of the Peace 'Corps' re-sources are applied to long-term social*and economic developmental needs, witha principal focus at local levels within anation.

Followigg natural disasters, the Peace .

Corps plays an active role in significantlong-range reconstruction an'a reffabilita-tion efforts. For example, more than 100volunteers were Working in the African

Sahel long before the drought's -crisisproportions attracted wide-spread publicconcern and support. In Athe near future,

\closeto 300 volunteers will be serving irc

such activities as wells construction, irri-gation, health and nutrition, agricultural ex-tension and education, earthen dam con-struction and reforestation in the Sahel.

The Peace Corps also is able to re-spond quickly to emergency needs whennatural disasters, such as the earthquakesin Peru and Nicaragua,'OCcui-..Voluntee6assist in emergency public serviceAphealthfacilities, temporary towns admiriiokation,child care centers, food distribution andmissing persons searches.

4 0 37

A Peace Corps agricultural extension volunteer checks an Iranian farmer's progress.A sport coat., no matter how t' ttered, is a necessary symbol of his position.

PEACE'CORPS kESPON IVENESSBecause" of-its organizational flexibility

and commitmentto voluntarism, the PeaceCorps is capable of 'responding to theneeds of communities overseas at threedistinct stages: -

The majority of the Peace Corps' re-sources are applied to long-term socialand economic developmental needs, witha principal focus at local levels within anation.

Following natural disasters, thii Peace .

Corps 'plays an active role in significantlong-range reponstruction and rehbilita-tion efforts. ror example, more than 100volunteers were Working in the African

Sahel long before the drought's crisisproportions attracted wide-spread publicconcern and support. In Athe near future,close to 300 volunteers will be serving itsuch activities as wells construction, irri-gation, health and nutrition, agricultural ex-tension and education, earthen dam con-struction and reforestation in the Sahel.

The Peace Corps also is able to re-spond quickly to emergency needs whennatural disasters, such as the earthquakesin Peru and Nicaragua,"ificcu-r-Volunteerassist in emergency public service4.healthfacilities, temporary towns admin44ration,child care centers, food distribution andmissing persons searches.

AFRICATOTAL VOLUNTEERSAND TRAINEES: 2,659

3e

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°

0

A Malian woman carries a powl of millet, the country'sstaple crop.

41.

0

c

In Africa today there is one doctor forevery 27,500 people. Eighty-five per centof the continent's vast, population is illit-erate. In eleven countries per capita in-come averages less than $150 a year. Asmany as half the people in Africa's devel:oping nations suffer from hunger or makhutrition. Spven of the ten countries giththe most limited food resources in theworld are in Africa.

These dismal facts rioint to Africa's des-perate need for assistance in health, edu-cation, economics and agriculture. ThePeace Corp is deeply committed-tohelp-ing Africa solve its complex problems.

Circumstances have produced 1- unique.Peace Corps/Africa bond. The majority ofAfrican countries gained independence arapproximately the same time Peace Corpswas born 13yeari ago. Although thesbcountries have ancient historical and cul-tural traditions, the Peace Corps \ffil, in asense a contemporary of the young Africannations hosting Peace Corps volunteers.

Anotherfacet of the Peace Corps/Africarelationship is the cultural ar)d ethnic con-

Qtribution Africa 'has made to the UnitedStates. The AverleSn heritage owes moreto Africa tharany other region in whichPeace Corps operates.

despite- widespread inflation and politi-cal instability 'in several countries during

4

I

FY 1974, the African region: ..-Re-established a program in Gabon

after an absence of more than five years;$ent tile first volunteer to the Sey-

chelles;Received requests from host govern-

ments for 1,880 new volunteers;Placed approximately 1 ,460 new vol-

unteers in the field; .

Reduced the number of early volun--teer terminations for the' second straightyear; 1

_

' Undertook new approaches to recruitvolunteers with scarce skillstion with ACTION's Office of cruitment'and Communications,. 'certain industrialcompanies and several ugiversities;I and

Responded to the drpught emergencyin Africa by working with other don rs andhost governments to pine volunteers inthe forefront of the recovery-effort

For administrative purposes, th PeaceCorp § divides Africa into three su -regionshaving common cultural' or ge graptiiccharacteristics: thirteen' FrancophOne na-tions of west and central Africajve Anglo-phone countries in west Atria; and eighteastern and souther African countries in-cluding the islands of Mauritius -and theSeychelles. . ,

By far- the most needy are the Fran co-phone countries. The top priority in each

4239:

,

of these French-speaking countries is agri-Cultural development. The area betweenthe rain forest and the desert is normallythe granary of west Africa. However, thetragic seven-year drought has caused seri-ous and widespread, shortages.

In FY 1974, the Peace Corps responded. to the continuing emergency in the,

drought-stricken Saliel in collaborationwith U.S. and other international donors.By June, 1974, nearly 1 20 volunteers wereinvolved in long-range reconstruction. Mostvolunteers serve on emergency relief proj-ects funded by AID. Others are committedtp OXFAM, CARE, Catholic Relief andAFRICARE projects.

In Franqophone countries not §everelyaffected by the drougjit, math/science in-struction and the teaching of English as aforeign language are important PeaceCorps programs. Volunteers also teach atthe uniyersity level in the Ivory Coast andat teacher training colleges. in Zaire.

The Peace Corps maintains a structuredrural community development project inSenegal. The . project remains successful`because the Senegalese ,government agen-cy-

responsible for the project is dynamic,well organized, efficiently ruh and suppor-tive to the volunteers. The Senegalesehost agency uses Peace Corps volunteersas "creative outsiders," asking them toconcentrate on problems often ignored, byvillagers and help them find fresh ap-proaches to problem solving.

In countries where terrain and ,watersou-roes are favorable, fish ponds providea ready source of protein and additionalincome for farmers. A successful fisheriesproject in West Cameroon will serve as amodel for a similar, project in East Came-.roon and subsequently elsewhere in Africa.

- In Zaire, the Peace Corps paved the wayfor later groups to help the Zairian govern-

40

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A California school teacher turnedPeace Corps volunteer greets a friendin the market place in Makeni,Sierra Leone. .

ment reopen production, in Thousands offish ponds that were abandoned when theBelgians left in 196.0.

In, wells installation projects, volunteersin Niger, Upper Volta and Togo are the or-ganizational link pulling together villagelabor, Paid masons and construction ma-terials provided by the government or anoutside source. In Chad, teams of volun-teers and Chadian co-workers have beeninstalling snrtall-bore wells since 1967. Withcontinuing support by the government,Peace gores volunteers will be needed forat, least four more years. Peace 'Corps/Togo revived its wells program with ninenew volunteers.

Al(hough the Anglophone countries arecomparatively more 'developed than theirFrancophone neighbors, agriculture topstheir priority list too. Self-sufficiency in riceproduction is a primary goal in Liberia andSerra Leone. In a Liberian multi-dpnor proj-ect, Peace Corps volunteers,heed four-mantechnical teams in rice extension. Teammembersa volunteer and three Liberiansassi§t fariners with technical advice, ma-terials and credit financing.

A similar program in Sierra Leone hasincreased rice production ,by 50 per centthrough new water 6ontrol meth-as.

43

This Peace Corps volunteer helps Senegalese villagers build wells and. latrines and plantvegetabletardens. Here, the local mason puts finishing touches on a family latrine.

Numerous Peace Corps volunteers areengaged in agricultural research aimed atsolving many pressing problems. 'A volun-teer in Ghana, for example, is developinga research unit on poultry breeding. An-.other volunteer prepared a feasibility study

"for the 70,000-acre Volta Ranch financedby the Ghanaian Agricultural DevelopmentBank.

Skilled trades volunteers are assisting ina priority program to build a fish process-ing and cold storage plant in Tema, Ghana.

In Rwanda, possibly the poorest countryin Africa, needs exist for low-cost housingdesign and construction, forestry and wild-life management programs. A preliminary

agreement was signed in June, 1974, be-tween Rwanda and the United States, set-ting the stage for Peace Corps program-

oming in FY 1975.Kenya, Ethiopia and Malawi are empha-

sizing the training of medical professiondswithin the structure of eMalolished medicalschools. Volunteers train nurses and medi-cal assistants and teach pharmacology,physiotherapy, pediatrics, hospital adminis-tration and laboratory techniqyes.

In the south, Swaziland, LeSotho anBotswana stress urban development antipublic works. Priority goeS-to rural andurban water *stems, sewers, "low posthousing and schrl corttruction projects.

4441

c

LATINAMERICATOTAL VOLUNTEERSAND TRAINEES: 2,613

I

'

A Peace Corps volunteer (c.) surveys in aPeruvian village.

45

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O

O

The factor 'di create and mairttain4,_povertyhigh population growth rates, un-employmentand low agricultural produc-tionare present in every Latin Americancountry today.

In the South American republics; foodproduction is not sufficient to meet ex-panding needs. Therefore, volunteer as-sistance in agriculture continu'es to be thePeace Corps' highest priority in SouthAmerica, with approximately 31 per cenof volunteer strength de'voted,to agriture and related projects in rural de'velop,-nient and conservation. Volunteers work assoil scientists, farmers, technicians, farmand market economists, cooperative ad-visors and extension agents.

AcceptanCe of new concepts in publichealth, nOw Considered essential toi na-tional development,'has led to the draftingof national health plans and the adoptionastructured reforms in many health min-istries. Greater 'opportunities for PeaceCorps programming in the health sectorwill allow 20 per cent of the South Ameri-can volunteers fb work in health andhealth-r4ated programs during FY 1975..They with serve as nurse and Iparameqictrainers, healtD educators and nistrition ad-visors. They also Will work on disease con-trol and eradication. projects:

Recently, several South American coun-,

tries made a study of the objectives andvalues of education. Under review are ethi-_cational systems and ibethods for trainingnuMan resources to meet the developmentneeds- qf the immediate future. About 30per ,cent of the volunteers work in educa-tion. Over the past several yeath there hasbeen a decided shift from classroom teach-ing to teacher training and currieulUm de-.yelopment:

Urban areas are experiencing a pcipuia-tion increase due" to the high populationgrowth rate and' rural -to- urban migration.The imbalance between economic develop-ment and rapid urbanization has affectedthe quality of life for many South Ameri-cans. The problem is reflected in the ina-bility of urban areas to provide basic pub-lic services. Volunteer city planners, man-agers, architects, engineers, draftsmen andbusiness advisers are providing interim

/technical assistance to municipal govern-ments until the countries can train enoughof their own urban technicians.

Like their sister countries to the south,Central American countries devote muchof their efforts to producing food. Limitedusable land and a continuing droughtthroughout much of Central America makeadequate food production difficult.

Except in Costa Rica, 'agriculture con:tributes more than 75 per cent of the dollar

4643

A Peace Corps volunteer (r.) checks vegetables grown under a multiple cropping system inEl Salvador. In this example, cabbage is growing undei the corn.

value of exports and employs more thanhalf of the labor force. However, food pro-duct' n lags behind the growth rate inmanuf turing and service sectors. Conse-quently, increased production of both-sta-ple and cash crops is Central Ameiica'stop development priority.

To meet requests for volunteer agricul-turists in FY 1975, the Peace Corps willdouble its FY 1974 commitment. Today, 40per cent of the volunteers in Central Amer-ili are involved in agriculture. In additionto direct aid to low: and medium income

(farmers, the Peace Corpgls providing tech-nical assistance to cooperatives throughvolunteers with business backgrounds orcooperative experience., While national spending in educationhas risen and literacy rates have improved,

44

about 50 per cent of Central America'spopulation remains illiterate. Educationalopportunities are still unavailable for manychildren. Only half of the primary schoolteachers are adequately trained, and mostrural bffrary schools do not extend be-.

yona the third or fourth grades.. The Peice .Corps ip concentrating on in-service teacher training as well as class-room teaching. Throughout Central Amer-ica, 26 per cent of the volunteers are in-volved in education.

Because Central Aiinerica has a tradi-tionally high infant mortality rate and rela-tively low life expectancy, the health secfor is high on the list of developmenhpri-orities. Twenty per cent of the area's PeaceCorps volunteers are providing technicalassistance in health care delivery systems,

ro

A personalized course emphasizing nutrition for new babies and mothers is conducted bya Peace Corps volunteer at apospital clinic in San Tecla, ParagOay.

nurses' training, home nutrition and health.-.education.

Since 1961,-when the leevyard island of--St. Lucia requested voluntewit to work in

secondary education, the PeOS Corps hasbeen involved in the Engtish-speaking Car-ibbean. Currently, 551 volunteers serve in

' Belize, Jamaica and seven Eastern Carib-bean islands.

English is the common denominator link-ing these countries. They also share aBritish colonial tradition and a growingspirit of nationalism and self-determination.

For the first Time, the countries' strong ,interest in educationprevioUsly the prin-cipal focus of Peace Carps activities in theCaribbeanhas been exceeded by the da-sire to increase agricultural development.

The Peace Corps has-responded with proj-ects in agricultural and fisheries coopera-tives, extension and research. During FY-1974, there were more than 100 volunteersworking in the agriculture/rural develop-ment area. This , expansion trend is _ ex-pected to increase over the next severalyears.

The Peace Corps also serves as an im-portant source of skilled technicians in thehealth and nutrition field.

While the Caribbean countries rely,heavily upon the promotion and develop-ment of the tourist industry, agriculture andrural development will play an increasingrole, in .the social apd economic fufure ofthe Caribbean. ,

48 45

it

NANEAPTOTAL VOLUNTEERS

- AND TRAINEES: 2,772 43 .

,

46

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441

. .Twilight in Western Samba.

49

The NortftAfric, Near East, Asia and.P.acific (NANEAP) region is comprised of21 countries stretching mote than halfwayaround they world, from Morocco to West-.ern Samoa. It encompasses more than one-fourth of,the world's population. Significantdifferencgs exist in culture, language,geography,and levels of development.

Reece Ccrkps volunteeratserve inthetes-erts of Afghanistan and Iran,.in Atm moCm-taine'of Nep&and 6n the'tropialt,itlandsof Fiji, 'Tonglftnd Weit4rn Samde. Volun-teers work in 'comparatively more devel-oped countries, such ss Korea, Malaysiaand the Philippines, and in countries cbn-sidered among the ,least developed, suchas Yemen and Oman.

Throughout the NANEAR region, educa-tion prografrie receive the greatest em-phasis. Approximately 70 pet- cent of theregion's volunteers are-involved in atl-leV-els of education and teach in 'a widevariety of subject,,are4 Significant atten:tion also is paid to projects in agriculture,health and nutrition, and the skilled trades.

In' Korea, volunteers painstakingly ex-plain the intricacies of the English Ian-

.0 guage to middle school, and university stu-dents. Empathy for the studerits *assuredas the volunteers themselves try to masterthe complexities of thp Korean tangu'age.

A volunteer master plumber in ,Malaysia

SOLOMONISLANDS

11

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SOUTHPACIFIC

COMMISSION1

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teaches his skills at the Industrial TrainingInslitute,conducting classes entirely in theMalay language. ,.

Volunteers instructing'mediael

studentsin Afghanistan use an English textbookpiepared by a' Peace Corps volunteer a few

b years ago.Agriculture and rural development prof-

",. eats rebuireOtience, language faaility-and. the 1a lily to find jpb satisfaction,inisitua-

11

Vizi anteers n Nepal,' tli. Philippines' andwin idh

Idonot yield'immediate results.

- Plana fe-vvOrking to ensues Xont iRde lsuccess of fitheile pr '*t

l N'e0t-4ar .e)Li n pip, d I u n teers,

acresefisheries gncteriaionr gge 16;', th6",,,4etel ,plains region and tremlp fish fargers,mthe mainteAlance of:pirool Eldk withltrik-:,ing results.

,

In the Rajasthan fisheries exttepSion pr *-

11,

ect in India, volunteers are 5su'rvnipg theponds being used and the 131typesfish for. tliern. The proieCt *IA $ e stay 43'of 50 permanent and 600 seasonal 'reser-voirs. -

.

All Peace Corps volunteers in 'the fiseries project in 'the Philippines fiave ,de-grdes in fisheries' management. -*Throughtheir assistance with predator control ep"dproper use of fertilizer, fish pond yieldsare multiplying dramatically. The Jertilizerencourages algae growth which provides,

4750

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A busy hospital pre-natal cliniainJonga's capital is staffed by a Peace Corps .

voluntegr nurse,Oo checks the weight of an expectant mother.

plentiful food for the fish.

In Iran, volunteers have developed asoils analysis project and planned three

,environmental projects which will be oper-ational Fri FY.1975. These new projects willutilize biologists, engineers and ecologists

a in air and water pollution control, pesti-cides management, parks and wildlife.man-agement and soil conservation prOgrams.The Office of Ecology-of the SpithsonianInstitution is assisting the Peace Corps inthis comprehenpive effort.

Health volunteers are serving as ruralextension workers on islands in the Pacificand supervising tuberculosis and leprosycontrol programs in Korea. Since the Ko-rean tuberculosis prevention and treatment

kr,

48

program began in 1967, Peace Corps vol-unteers have trained more than 4,800health workers who, in turn, have treated60,000 patients.

A 65-year-old nurse in Afghanistan isserving her sixth year as a Peace Corpsvolunteer. She has started five familyhealth'centers in her host country.

During FY 1974, the Peace Corps moved_into four new countries within the NANEAPregion. Volunteers with tkills in health,

,agriculture and education were reqt.testedby Bahrain and Oman, while a dozen ,vol-unteers with backgrounds in arphitecture,education and public works began servicein Yemen. The Gilbert and Ellice Islandsalso received their first volunteers in FY-1974.

MULTILATERAL:PROGRAMS

Congress gave 'to the Peace Corps in1963 the respOnsibility for fostering andparticipating in Multilateral volunteeref-forts. This responsibility is carried out bythe Office of Multilateral and Special Pro-

t,.grams, which provides support to multi-lateral voluntary activities carried on byseveral organitions.S Most import t of these rganizations is

the UnitertNations Voluntee rogram. This,program functions under the iegit of theUnited Nations Development Program andhas grown steadily from its inception, in1970 to a present on-board strength of 220.

. UN volunteers from 43 nationswork inprojects of specialized UN agencje func-tioning as a bridge between UN t*hnicalexperts and the people anti institutionsthat UN efforts are designed to assist.

U.S. citizens who:pa..icipate in this pro-got* are sponsored by the Peace Corps.

They are Peace Corps volunteers perma-nently assigned to the UN and under thesupervision of the UN. .

Other organizations supported in partzbythe Peace Corps are the International Sec-retariat for Volunteer Service (ISVS), which,provides assistance to national and inter-national volunteer pro'graifis, and the Interi,national Voluntary, Services (IVS), a smallprivate organization which reorAts volun-teers on a worldWide basis for its programsin 12 countries.

The PeAce Corps also participates in theJoint Volunteer Committee of Ghana alongwith representatives of Ghanaian, German,Canadian and British volunteer organiza-tions. A series of rural health posts, isstaffed with volunteers from these fikecountries. The Joint Volunteer Committeeserves as a model for future developmentof multilateral teams.

,-lt-tt;;L'er-fr Peace Corps volunteer runs UNICEF oPeratidniliffauritania.-H6re he visits an artisan's

center where refugee women are traiped in rug-weaving, UNICEF, provides three year schol-arships for the mothers_and a day nursery for their children.

"

SCHOOLPARTNERSHIP

f PROGRAM.

4

)

The School Partnership Program is a..-... unique self-help program whidh ,providks

material support to Peace Corps volun-teers. and the host country communities inwhich they are working thrOugh privatedanations,from organizations and individ-uals in the U.S. The donations, pay formaterials to build schools and other facili-

` ties which are\ beyond the means of smallvillages. The construction materials: arepurchased directlyby thevolunteer, whilethe community -donates the land and the-labor. The self-help progranfls the onlymeans through which the Peace Corps canprOvide commoVx,ssistance. .

The availability of funds through theSchool Partnership PrOgram encouragesPeace Corps volunfters to initiate self-helpactivities in their communities. This pro-'s\ gram also provides an additional opePOrtu:.nitY for Peace Corps volunteers to ecomeintegrally involved with the people am

. whom they live and work.The program began in 1965 when Con-

gress amended the- Peace Corps Act toenable the Agency to receive gifts ofmoney and material. Since,that time, rkorethan $2million has been contributed to theprogra-M and more,than'50 countries havebenefited.

Last year's School Partnership Programprovided Peace Corps volunteers in 30countries"with funds to purchase. construc-

a

tion materials for communi self-help proj-ects such...as schools, di pensaries and

, wells. Hoit country and U.S. contributionstotaled $412,525. The host countries sup-plied $272,118 or 63 per cent of the mate-rial support. American schools, churchesand civic groups contributed $160,407.

More than 100 partnership alliance'swere formed during FY 1974. Each projectis a special story for its participants, but

. the following examples convey the spiritof the exchange.

Students at Charlton . County HighSchool near.. Fokston, 'Ga.. won, the westProject Award from the Georgia Assn. of.Student Councils for their efforts to build

- a rural health center in \the Philippines.St. Paul's Lutheran Church and the

Civic organizations of Carlisle, Pa. raised"$8,000 to help a hometown Peace Corpsvolunteer build a -high sctiool in Kananga,Zaire.

Thq grade school students of W,estLinn, Ore. worked for three years to fund a

-village school in Carpuela; Ecuador.Approximately 90 per cent of the' proj-

. ects,were village schools Such as the onein Ecuador.' However, School Partnershipparticipants' also helped to funda townwater system in Janbpul, the Philippines; aroad to the village market in Vallecitos,Honduras; and 20 grain storage silos in

' Dahomey, WeSt Africa.

-53

FINANCIAL ,

STATEMENTFY1974

1 ESTI COPERATIONS$94,000,000

#VISTA - Volunteers In Service To America

UYA - University Year fOr,ACTIONNSVP -, National Student Volunteer Program

YCP - Youth Challenge ProgramRSVP - Retired Senior. Volunteer PrOgiam

SC - Senioi Companion Program 74.FGP Foster Grandp4rent ProgramS/A Service Corps of Retired Executives/.

ActI e Corps of Executives

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.-TRAINING310,253,000

VOLUNTEERCOSTS tp$33,143:000

PROGRAMSUPPORT$33,553,000

VISTA$21,955,000

UYA$6,843,000 -

_NSVP $266,000YCP $293,000

RSVP$15,296,000s co 42,279,006,..

FOP$24:984,000

SVP $6,459.000S/A $206,000

PROGRAMSUPPORT$16,219,000

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PHOTO CREDITS. q

Susan Biddle pp. 19,31Kay Chernusl:pp.38,41,49Paul Conklin tp-.21Jim Gillooly p.6 - ,Carolyn Graves pp.44,45Theo Gruttinan,p.1..7Michael Hayman ...L.0.23Carol Honsap.46,48loan Kelley pp.I 1,12,15,27,129,34Lars Peterson ip.40Jim Pickerel) p.42Sharon Sniderp.25Norman Sklarewilr437

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U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE I975 0 - 677 -132

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