japanese esl
TRANSCRIPT
ESL Teaching for What Teachers Should
Know…By: Hilda Hernandez
Rosa PeralesJulie Elterisy
Non-Spanish Speakers
Culturally Responsive Teaching:
Must be aware of non-Spanish speaking students
Differences and Similarities in
o Languageo Culture
Understanding and sympathetic
Help maximize learning
Hammond (2007)
Culturally Responsive Teaching:
General knowledge of a country’s/culture’s:
o Religion - holidays, festivals, foods, etc.
Writing and reading differences
Learning/Teaching Customs
Communication Customs
Hammond (2007)
Culturally Responsive Teaching:
Japanese (Japan) Hindi (India?) Arabic (Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, UAI, Egypt, Morocco, and others)
Hammond (2007)
ESL Educationfor Non-Spanish Students
Japanese
By: Claudia “Julie” Elterisy
DemographicsJapanese
Japanese spoken at home - (total U.S. population, age 5 plus):
1980 = 336,318 1990 = 427,657 2000 = 477,997 2007 = 458,717 Percentage change from 1980 – 2007 = 36.4%
www.census.gov/acs/www/)
DemographicsJapanese
Japanese Students enrolled in:
Clear Creek ISD: 451 (2.37%, 12th = 210,500)
Pasadena ISD: 62 (0.68%, 282nd = 242,630)
La Porte ISD: 18 (3.21%, 220th = 41,528)
Houston ISD: 2,346 (1.86%, 154th = 2,099,451)
Based on 2010 Census by USA.com
DemographicsJapanese
Japanese Students enrolled in:
Clear Creek ISD: 451 (2.37%, 12th = 210,500)
o 47 public schoolso 9.2 % LEP in 2013-2014 (up
from 8.6% last year)Based on 2010 Census by USA.com
DemographicsJapanese
Japanese Students enrolled in:
Pasadena ISD: 62 (0.68%, 282nd = 242,630)
o 63 public schoolsBased on 2010 Census by USA.com
DemographicsJapanese
Japanese Students enrolled in:
La Porte ISD: 18 (3.21%, 220th = 41,528)
o 14 public schoolsBased on 2010 Census by USA.com
DemographicsJapanese
Japanese Students enrolled in:
Houston ISD: 2,346 (1.86%, 154th = 2,099,451)
o 1,097 public schoolso Multilingual training programs for teachers
o ESL program offered, no bilingual program for Japanese students
USA.com; HISD.org
Culture - Religion
Japanese
Shinto o Oldest o Mytholog
yo Imperial
Familyo Ritualisti
c
Buddhism o Everythin
g is interlinked & interdependent
o Moralityo Wisdom
by Meditation
Confucianism o Teachings of Confucius Loyalty Duty Benevolenc
e Piety Respect for
parents/elders
Cultural Differences -
Japanese
U.S. :o Not very traditionalo Work is highly valuedo Direct and clearo Verbal (opinions/facts important)
o Conflicts are unavoidable
o Self-reliance (self important)
o Accomplishmentso Humor people connector
o Interruptions okay
Japanese :o Very traditionalo Family is highly valuedo Indirect, hinting (artful
words)o Non-verbal cues &
feelingso Avoid conflicts
anticipationo Interdependence
(group is important)o Relationships
(hierarchy; respect)o Humor avoided in
serious talkso Interruptions are
extremely impoliteo No physical contacto No winking
Cultural Differences - Things to know
Japanese
Japanese:o Wait to be introducedo Bow slightly upon
introo Present facts gentlyo Frowning =
disagreemento Do not stare into a
person’s eyes, especially if older = disrespectful
o Expressionless when speaking
o No physical contacto No winking
Cultural Differences - Things to know
Japanese
Watch out for:o Inhaling through
clenched teetho Tilting the heado Scratching back of
heado Scratching the
eyebrow
Writing and Reading Differences
Japanese
Traditional Japanese:o Columnso Top to bottomo Right to lefto Books begin at
the ‘end’ (front is the back and back is the front)
Modern Japanese:o Same order as English Latin script
o Exposed at early age
o Still difficult for Japanese students to get used to reading/writing using English alphabet.
WritingJapanese
http://guidedspirits.ning.com
Uses Chinese symbols/characters, each represents a meaning, not a sound
WritingJapanese
Lexilogos.com/keyboard
Modern Japanese – syllabary
PhonologyJapanese
Vowel soundso Fiveo Both long and short sounds
Consonants sounds: o Fifteeno No consonant clusters
hamburgerhambaagaa May add vowels between
consonants or at end of words
Specific Problems with English
Japanese
Pronunciationo Sounds that do not exist
[f] [v] [s] [d] [r] [l] and [th] Substituted with [h] [b] [sh]
o No consonant clusters: hamburger hambaagaa
o Consonants usually followed by a vowel: May add vowels between
consonants At end of words
all words in Japanese end in vowels
Classroom Communication
Japanese
Japanese Discourages:
o Competitiono Verbal/Declarative
o Opinions - not valued in education
- form of confrontation
American Encourages:
o Competitiono Verbal/Declarative
o Opinions - important
Classroom – “a good student…”
Japanese
Japanese:o Quieto Obediento Good listenero Discourages
competitiono Emphasize
correctnesso Does well on
testso Memorizes info
American:o Asks
questionso Shares
opinions & ideas
o Classroom discussions
o Competitive games
o Learns from mistakes
o Does well on tests
Classroom Communication
Japanese
A good student (Japanese):o Quieto Obediento Good listenero Discourages
competitiono Emphasize
correctnesso Does well on
tests
A good student (American):o Asks
questionso Shares
opinions & ideas
o Classroom discussions
o Competitive games
o Learns from mistakes
o Does well on tests
Uninhibited Inhibited
Communication –Student/Teacher
Japanese
Student to Teacher (Japanese):
o Fear of failing
o Opinions not expressed
o Fear of showing off = conceited
Student to Teacher (American):
o Failure grow
o Opinions (no correct answers)
o Like to show off
Classroom Communication
Japanese
A Japanese student:
o Quieto Good listenero Does not show off
o Non-verbalo No opinions expressed
o Uncompetitive
Teacher thinks/labels student as:
“UNCOOPERATIVE”
Japanese student thinks:
“I’m a good student!”“I RESPECT my teacher.”
PointersJapanese
o Looking directly into students eyes may upset a student
o Group work and pair work is besto School culture/behavior different outside of
class
References• Shin, H., Kominski, R. (2007) Language Use in the United States: 2007. American Community Survey Reports. April
2010. (Or Census 2010???????)
• Clear Creek ISD Demographic: http://www.usa.com/school-district-4814280-population-and-races.htm • Pasadena ISD Demographics: http://www.usa.com/school-district-4834320-population-and-races.htm
• La Port Demographics: http://www.usa.com/school-district-4826190-population-and-races.htm
• Houston ISD demographics: http://www.usa.com/houston-tx-population-and-races.htm
• Specific LEP info for CCISD: http://www.ccisd.net/communitybasedaccountabilityreport#SpecEd_div
• http://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/katakana.htm
• http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/langdiff/japanese.htm
• http://iteslj.org/Lessons/Kistler-Katakana.html
• http://humanities.byu.edu/elc/Teacher/japanesestudents.html
• http://www.wwu.edu/auap/english/gettinginvolved/CultureComparison.shtml
• http://spice.stanford.edu/docs/127
• http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/japan-country-profiles.html#
Japanese