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Jeff Dyson
Head of Housing Solutions
The Concrete Centre
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance
SUSTAINABILITY
ENERGY PERFORMANCE TARGET 1990 - 2010
(Cement Specific Energy Consumption kWh/te )
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
1550
1600
1650
1700
1750
1990 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
kWh/te cement
Target SEC kWh/te
Actual SEC kWh/te
Note: The mid-point has
been taken for non-
milestone years
Target commitment is
26.8% improvement from
1990 to 2010
Cement
Aggregates
Reinforcement
SUSTAINABILITYCement
Aggregates
Reinforcement
SUSTAINABILITYCement
Aggregates
Reinforcement
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance
THERMAL MASS
Admittance ≈ 0.9
Timber frame
Brick
Airspace
Plasterboard
Plywood
Insulation
Admittance ≈ 3.0
Brick, medium-weight
block & plasterboard
Brick
Airspace
Plasterboard
Insulation
Medium-weight block
Admittance ≈ 5.7
Brick, heavy-weight
block & dense plaster
Brick
Insulation
Heavy-weight
block
Dense plaster
Admittance is measured in W/m2 K
The inherent thermal mass in masonry
and concrete housing can help to:
1. minimise overheating; a growing 21st century problem linked to climate change
2. provide warmth in the winter by capturing solar gains (passive solar design)
Nightingale Estate, East London
Concrete dwellings, benefiting from passive
solar design in winter
Living Room Temperature of a Low and
High Mass House - Summer 2050(Arup/CIBSE research 2005)
Construction News 26 May 2005
“I like the argument, but I’d feel happier if someone could just check that theCO2 saving you get from a concrete building compensates for the large quantity of CO2 driven into the atmosphere when limestone is burnt to make cement”
The perception that concrete has a high embodied CO2 can
overshadow its thermal mass benefits…
Type: two-bed starter home
Location: south east England
orientation: south
Construction: ● timber frame● masonry (3 weights)
Arup was commissioned to calculate and compare embodied and In-use CO2 emissions from a low, medium and high thermal mass house
Calculated embodied CO2:
● Timber frame: 32 tonnes
● Masonry - mediumweight: 33.25 tonnes (1.25 tonnes more)
● Masonry - medium-heavyweight: 35 tonnes (3.0 tonnes more)
● Masonry - heavyweight: 37 tonnes (4.9 tonnes more)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
Year
CO
2 Emissions (tonnes)
Mediumweight: Additional embodied CO2
offset in 11 years
Medium-heavy & heavyweight:
Additional embodied CO2 offset in 21 to 23 years
Cumulative CO2 Emissions (air-conditioned case)
Light
Medium
Medium-heavy
& heavy
THERMAL MASS
Embodied CO2 in a concrete
houseSavings in operational CO2
emissions by having a
concrete house
� Passive FES: exposed soffits + night purging (15-20 W/m2 cooling)
� Active FES: controllable systems of ducted air (25-35 W/m2
cooling and beyond).
Toyota HQ, Surrey (courtesy of Barry Bulley/Trent Concrete Ltd).
THERMAL MASS
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance
FIRE PERFORMANCE
FIRE PERFORMANCE
Life Safety
Protection of goods/property
Protection of environment
• Half of businesses affected by fire
will not continue to operate
FIRE PERFORMANCE
Comprehensive fire protection with concrete
Life Safety
Protection of goods/property
Protection of environment
FIRE PERFORMANCE
Fire Design Criteria.
A: The structure should retain its
loadbearing capacity.
B: The structure should protect people
from harmful smoke and gases.
C: The structure should shield people
from heat.
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance
ACOUSTICS
5 primary ingredients that acousticians look for:
I s o la ti o n
MassAbsorption
STIFFNESS
ReSiLience
ACOUSTICS
4 unique complimentary ingredients:
I s o la ti o n (cavity walls)
MassDamping
STIFFNESS
ACOUSTICS
E1-Approved Robust Details:Separating Floors ACOUSTICS
ACOUSTICS
Acoustic report No P0818 REP01-IE
Floors : Airborne Passed 51>45dB
Impact Passed 50<62dB
65mm screed on resilient layer
200mm hollow core concrete
12.5mm plaster board on channel supports
Walls : Airborne Passed 50>45dB
2 layers of 12.5mm plaster board supported
by channel system with 70mm Isowool
150mm concrete panel
12.5mm plaster board on 38x25 battens
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance
SECURITY
CONCRETE PERFORMANCE
• Sustainability
• Thermal Mass
• Fire
• Acoustics
• Security
• Vibration
• Durability
• Air tightness
• Flood resistance