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Temporary Works John Carpenter

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John carpenter

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Page 1: John Carpenter PDF

Temporary Works

John Carpenter

Page 2: John Carpenter PDF

It’s all temporary works.

From this….. …..to this

Page 3: John Carpenter PDF

Content

• Background & History• Types of temporary works• Differences: permanent works/temporary works

• Roles & responsibilities• Issues of which you need to be aware.

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Definition

• Defined as:’parts of the works that allow or enable construction of, protect, support or provide access to, the permanent works and which might or might not remain in place at the completion of the works   

Note: examples of temporary works  are structures, supports, back‐propping, earthworks and accesses’

(BS5975: 2008)

Page 5: John Carpenter PDF

History

1970sBragg

BS 5975 (latest is 2008)BS EN12812:2004 

(also SCOSS Topic  Paper)

Loddon Viaduct collapse 1972

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Bragg‐1

• A lack of clarity in the division of responsibility.• A failure to reflect the ‘high risk’ nature of falsework in the design and site controls.

• The essential need to provide robust means of ensuring lateral stability, and specifically so at forkhead level.

• The need to discard damaged or distorted items.• The need for stiffeners at all load bearing points in steel grillages

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Bragg‐2

• Falsework requires the same skill and attention to detail as the design of permanent structures of like complexity, and indeed falsework should always be regarded as a structure in its own right, the stability of which at all stages of construction is paramount for safety. 

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Designers: role in  temporary works

• Permanent Works Designer (PWD)– Facilitator– Envisages means of construction– Information transfer– Interaction– May undertake TW design (rarely)

• Temporary Works Designer (TWD)– Designs (ERIC)– 4Cs: competence, communication, co‐operation, co‐ordination

How do you locate these designers?

Duties do  not differ: permanent works/temporary works 

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Permanent Works

Temporary Works

(construct, maintain,

use,decommission)

Possible critical interface

Permanent WorksDesigner

Temporary Works Designer

Co-operationCo-ordinationInformation

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Excavations

• Space• Criticality (i.e. adjacent buildings)• Ground conditions (i.e. base data)• Sequence?

Role of the PWD?Role of the TWD?

TrenchesFoundationsBasementsCaissonsTunnels

Basements

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Elevated

Did PWD envisage and plan for this?

Has the TWD followed appropriate design processes?

ScaffoldingTrestlesBirdcageTowersProps

Openings

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Proprietary systems

Source, conditionLoads (ULS, WL?)

Lateral stability

Checks & reviews?

Foundations?

KwikformPeri

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Craneage & MEWPs

The Notification of Conventional Tower Cranes Regulations 2010

Safe crane campaignhttp://www.strategicforum.org.uk/towercranes.shtml

MEWPS

Space.Foundations.Mobile cranes

Basements

APS‐ access industry forum

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LiverpoolBelfast Law Courts

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Failures

Lack of competency?Mis‐use?       Poor information and control?                                        Design related?

– Permanent works design?– Temporary works design?  SCOSS

‘3Ps’

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Differences:  PW/TW

• Temporary Works– Short term– Often fragmented supply chain– Split design (e.g. temporary works and foundations)

– Re‐used material– Full loading– Dismantled

Page 17: John Carpenter PDF

Responsibilities‐1

• Permanent works designer (PWD)• Temporary works designer (TWD)

• CDM‐C‐ later

• Principal Contractor• Contractor 

Page 18: John Carpenter PDF

ERIC

Eliminate Reduce Inform Control

ConstructionSkills Guidance for Designers 

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Designer Responsibilities

• Straightforward PW design with adequate space and no structural interaction: No PWD involvement

• If not, then the PWD must:– Be satisfied there is a reasonable means of construction

– Inform the contractor of the key issues

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Responsibilities‐2

• Contract– Supply chain– Often no link between PWD and TWD

• Statute– Overrides contract– Requires action regardless of contractual make‐up

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Codes and guides

• BS and EN codes, Guides, Industry guidance

Current situation– BS5975– BS EN12812– Others  (e.g. BS EN12811) 

Page 22: John Carpenter PDF

Current codes

• BS5975:2008– Code of practice for Temporary Works procedures and the permissible stress design of falsework

• BS EN12812: 2004– Falsework‐performance requirements and general design

– Type A, B1, B2

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BS EN12812: 2004Falsework‐performance requirements and general design

Type A, B1, B2 (Design Classes)

Type A:    simple constructionsmaterials to comply with appropriate    codes; no specific design specified

Type B1:  B2: formalised design and data.(B1 is the most defined).

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Key persons

• Temporary works co‐ordinator (TWC)– Temporary works supervisor (TWS)

• Appointed person                        (AP)

Check during review of Corporate Competency and Construction Phase H&S Plan

Page 25: John Carpenter PDF

TWC‐ Competency

• What should this look like?• HSE advice:

• But, in order of priority:

Have experience of the relevant types of temporary works.Have completed formal TWC training.

Hold a Degree / HND in civil/ structural engineering.Be a Chartered Civil / Structural Engineer

relevant experience,formal TWC training andprofessional qualifications.

TWCs should have the competence and authority to be effective.

Corporate Comp.ConstructionPhase Plan

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Issues• Procedural

– Competencies: TWC– Clarity of responsibility– Information from designers– Adhering to  BS5975/EN12812– Safe design: designed to be built. 

• Technical– Lateral stability– Foundations– Condition of equipment– Clarity as to loads: ULS/SLS/Working load

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Good practice

• Integrated design• Appointed TWC (and TWS) and AP

• Use of Guides and ‘good practice’

• Use of Temporary Works Forum (TWf)

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Temporary Works Forum (TWf)

• Give authoritative guidance and, when required, professional leadership to the industry

• Consider aspects of permanent works and interfaces between permanent works and temporary works 

• Consider both current practice and likely development• Be aware of trends and innovations in design, construction and use.• Consider whether unacceptable risk exists or might arise in the future• Consider whether further research and development appears desirable• Encourage others to avoid duplicating work in hand elsewhere.• Keep a watching brief on international issues 

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Summary

• TW comes in all shapes and sizes• CDM does not distinguish between PWD and TWD

• 4Cs are vital• TW have specific characteristics

Good TW practice is vital: it is a high risk activity

CDM‐Cs are able to play an important part in all this

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No problem!