J o i n i'li«- Papa l It m e n u nml We ' l l All iMi11

l'«»j; e t h e r MICHIGAN FARM BUREAUNEWS A Newspaper for Organized Michigan Farmers

T o Helonc. T o T k e F a r m Tt u r e a it I s "A M a r k ol

D i s t i n e l i o n "

Eighth Year, Vol. VIII, No. 10 SATURDAY, MAY 24, 1930 Issued Semi-Monthly

SCHOOLTAX RELIEF DISCUSSED BEFORE

TAX COMMITTEE State Should Equalize Cost

Of Education Says Dr. Mort

Wool Pool Advances Close To Buyers' Top

LOCAL RELIEF NEEDED Speakers Offer Means For

Reducing Local School Taxes.

"The Sta te of Michigan h a s a r e ­sponsibility to provide every child a decent education, and it has a corre­sponding responsibili ty to equalize the cost that resul t from i ts requi re­ments," Dr. Paul R. Mort, of the Teachers College, Columbia University stated at the opening of the public hearing on school taxes , held under the auspices of the Special Commis­sion of inquiry into taxat ion in the Senate Chamber, Lansing, May 22, adding:

"The Sta te should ei ther pay all of the cost of a minimum educational program, or pay a par t of this cost in u way tha t will equalize the remain ing burden of meet ing the bare requi re­ments of the s ta te ."

Citing the need of relief from gen­eral proper ty taxes, Dr. Mort called att tention to the need for g rea t watch­fulness to prevent well intended leg­islation from failing of its purpose.

Communities Need Relief "Every t ime you find a new tax the

big question is how to so handle it as to get relief from the proper ty tax. Almost all the new taxes mus t be col­lected by the State . If you introduce new forms of taxat ion and cu t off the State proper ty tax, it doesn ' t help any­body very much. I t is easy to make the State rich and leave the local distr icts overburdened—yet the local tax is the chief tax upon property. The grea t problem is to t ake money collected from State-wide sources and get it back to the localities in the form of decreased taxes so tha t it requires no increase in total tax burdens ."

Dr. 'Mort told the Commission tha t the problem of dis t r ibut ing State aid to school dis t r ic ts in such a way as to produce a substant ia l equali ty of burden has now been reduced to a relatively simple problem of mathe­matics. It is now possible, he said, to so dis t r ibute Sta te school funds as to guaran tee every distr ict a reasonable s tandard of school facilities without any local tax whatever , or with a tax of any small amount tha t might seem desirable, depending upon the sum of money available for distr ibution and the kind of educational s tandard that it is desired to maintain.

He also pointed out tha t while the State owes a positive duty to equalize costs up to the point of paying for a minimum program, it is equally desir­able to leave the dis t r ic ts free to ex­ceed this minimum by local initiative as it is th rough the en terpr i se of in­dividual school dis t r ic ts t h a t new ideas are given the test tha t is neces­sary before their value can be deter­mined. Dr. Mort s tressed the neces­sity of relieving local d is t r ic ts of a sufficient par t of their p resen t taxes to enable them to spend some funds upo* bet ter ing the school system if ihey see fit to do so. Under present a r rangements , he said, many dist i rcts are taxed out of all proport ion to their ability to pay and yet have no funds to go beyond the lowest requi rements of the State .

Following Dr. Mort, R. Wayne New-Ion, director of taxat ion of the Mich­igan Sta te F a r m Bureau, endorsed the type of equalization fund for schools which Dr. Mort proposed, and told the commission tha t the duty of equalizing educational costs had been recognized from the ear l ies t t imes in Michigan.

Control Without Suppor t As originally planned, Mr. Newton

said, the State was to have en t i re con­trol of the school system and it was expected tha t the whole cost would be met out of the income from the money obtained by the sale of S ta te school lands. As soon as it became evident that the school fund derived from those lands would never meet the educational needs, a movement was set on foot to make up the difference out of a uniform State-wide school tax. This effort was never successful, and as a resul t the State has taken control of the school system in accordance "with early plans , but has not assumed the responsibil i ty for the cost of the system al though this was recognized as a necessary pa r t of the plan of a Sta te system in its inception. The cost of education levied locally now amounts to over $80,000,000 per year, Mr. Newton said, and it is no longer Possible to consider seriously the idea that the S ta te should t ake over the whole cost. However, if the State should follow such a plan as Dr. Mort has outl ined, essential ly the same re­sult can be obtained without seriously disturbing present a r r angemen t s .

Mr. Newton pointed out that such a system would be in harmony with a Program of economy, as it would ex­tend no additional ass is tance to dis-

ICoiuinued on page th ree ;

Mkgt. Ass'n Grades Quickly And Issues Check

Promptly.

F a r m e r s who t ruck their wool to the Michigan Co-operative Wool Mar­ket ing Association wool pool ware­house at 1048 Beaubien street, De­troit , a r e seeing it graded and re­ceive their advance check at once Wool ar r iv ing by frieght is graded prompt ly on arr ival and in a few hours the grading sheet, with check for the advance at tached, is mailed to t h e pooler.

The grading sheet shows the num­ber of pounds of each grade of wool pooled, the rate of cash advance and the total thereof for each grade. Check for the advance and the total thereof for each grade. Check for the advance is par t of the grading sheet, and is torn off by the pooler. When final r e tu rns are made the pooler re­ceives another copy of the grading sheet showing the final re turns .

F i r s t Three Days The Wool Marketing Ass'n., with

which t h e State F a r m Bureau wool pool was njerged recently, and which is affiliated with the National Wool Market ing Corporation, Co-operative recognized by the Federal Fa rm Board, expects the larges t Michigan wool pool in years. More wool sacks have been sent to growers to date than were shipped ou t all last season. At Hast ings , Mason and Fowlerville. May 15, 16 and 17 some 54,000 lbs. of wool were pooled and shipped to the Detroit warehouse. Carlot pooling dates have been scheduled th rough J u n e 24. Coming dates a re given in this ar t ic le .

On receipt of wool a t the ware­house, membership fee of $1 for en­t r a n c e into the Michigan Co-operative

Wool Marketing Ass'n., is deducted from the advance. All wools are r e ­ceived on the s tandard contract , used by the 22 wool pools throughout the country comprising the National Wool Marketing Ass'n. Copy of this con­t rac t and wool sacks < 160 lbs. capaci­ty) may be had by writ ing Sec'y. C. L. Brody of the Michigan Co-op. Wool Marketing Ass'n., at 221 North Cedar •street, Lansing, Michigan, (State F a r m Bureau headquar te rs ) or the Ass'n. at its Detroit office, 1048 Beau­bien street .

Directors Meet

The Board of Directors of the Ass'n., met May 19, a t the warehouse at De­troit . Present were W. W. Billings of Davison; Fori est C. King of Char­lotte, Reese Van Vranken of Climax; J. E. Crosby of St. J o h n s ; W\ D. Alber of Grass Lake and Edward J. Schmidt of Detroit. By-laws of the Ass'n., pre­sented by Gifford Patch of the State College Economics Dep't., were adopt­ed. They will be printed and supplied to Wool Market ing Ass'n., member? (poolers) , on request .

Officers were elected as follows: President, W. W. Bill ings; vice presi­dent, For res t G. King; C. L. Brody had been named previously as secre­ta ry ; ass't., sec'y., H. A. Berger ; t reas­urer , E. J. Schmidt.

The board of directors inspected the offices and warehouses of the firm in Detroit which is acting as the ware­housing and handl ing agency for the Michigan Ass'n. Very good facilities a re apparent on every hand and the directors believe that wool will be handled very rapidly and much to the poolers ' advantage.

National Secretary Speaks Mr. J. B. Wilson of Wyoming, sec'y.,

of the National Wool Marketing Cor­poration, of which the Michigan Wool Market ing Ass'n., is the Mich-

( C o n t i n u e d on p a g e 3.)

CONSUMERS ARE PAYING ENOUGH

SAYS WINDER Distribution Our Problem, and

Co-op Marketing Is The Answer.

How Farmers Control Shooting on 1 6 , 0 0 0 A.

Farmers And Hunters Praise Williamston Township

Ticket System.

COVERS TAX RELIEF At Co. Farm Bureau Dinner

Meetings At Clarkston And Hastings.

Secretary Winder of the American F a r m Bureau addressed representa­tive members of 17 Michigan Coun­ty F a r m Bureaus this week a t two meet ings , one at Clarkston in Oak­land county, Wednesday, May 2 1 , for nine adjoining county Farm Bureaus , and the other, Thursday evening, May 22, at Hast ings , for eight ad­jo in ing county Fa rm Bureaus.

DOESN'T SOUND UKE PUSSYFOOTING

Legge Gives U. S. Chamber Of Commerce As Good

As Received

In response to requests by news­paper correspondents . Chairman Legge of the Federal F a r m Board made the following comment on the resolution re la t ing to the Agricul tural Market ing Act adopted by the Chamber of Com­merce of the United States a t its an­nual meet ing :

"The Chamber of Commerce pro­poses to make the F a r m Board im­potent and would sponsor another na­t ional conference to adopt some more resolutions of sympathy for agricul­tu re .

"Tha t action simply confirms what we told the membership of tha t or­ganizat ion Wednesday. They are for something to help the farmer only unt i l they find out it works .

"Natura l ly , we had hoped they would support our efforts to aid agri­cul ture , but if they a re going to op­pose us we a r e glad they have come out in the open. I t 's much easier to deal wi th an enemy who is squarely against you than one who pretends to be friendly but fights you behind your back.

"Our client is the farmer and we are going to continue to serve him -just as the Agricul tura l Market ing Act in­tended we should—for his benefit, not the Denefit of someone else."

Tuscola County F a r m Bureau has two dramat ic clubs and they have been present ing the prize winning American F a r m Bureau play, "Detours Ahead" at a series of six meetings the past two weeks.

TARIFF HAS VERY NARROW ESCAPE

Gets Through Senate On Margin Of One

Vote.

Last issue of the News we repor ted tha t the House had shorn the Snioot-Hawley tariff bill of t he deben tu re clause and the a m e n d m e n t to t a k e away from the P res iden t his privi­lege of increas ing or decreas ing t a r ­iff r a t e s 5 0 % , in t imes of tariff emergency for t h e protec ted i tem in quest ion.

The bill had to go back to the Senate again where two weeks of pul l ing and hau l ing was indulged in between the Admin i s t r a t ion forces in teres ted in ki l l ing the two clauses ment ioned above, a n d the insurgen t Republ ican and Democra t Senators in teres ted in keeping them in, despite an a lmost cer ta in veto by the presi­dent is they were re ta ined .

F ina l ly vote was t a k e n on t h e ma t ­te r of re leas ing the Sena te section of the House-Senate sect ion of the con­ference commit tee from its ins t ruc­t ions to s tand for the two clauses. T h e Senate vote was a t ie . Vice-Pres iden t Cur t i s rescued the tariff by vot ing with the Admin is t ra t ion forces. I t was the na r rowes t squeak tha t t he bill has had. Defeat on t h a t vote probably would have put to n a u g h t nea r ly two yea r s work on the tariff bill by the Congress . As it is t he d e b e n t u r e is dead beyond ques t ion ; the conferees may limit the Pres iden t ' s flexible tariff pro­visions a trif le and maybe not , and Mr. Hoover should soon have the en­acted bill.

i SEC'Y M. S. WINDER

Larges t a t tendance record prob­ably goes to Hastings where some 250 F a r m Bureau men and women from eight counties came from as far a s 50 miles or more to a splendid d inner served by the Barry County P a r m Bureau a t the Hastings Coun­t ry Club. The Clarkston meet ing was very well attended and grea te r dis tances were driven for the d inner served by the Oakland County F a r m Bureau .

Admir ing the Hastings Country Club golf l inks, which would make several good sized farms, Mr. Wind­er told his audience that he under­s tands tha t the re are 400 or more golf l inks in Michigan.

" I wish there were more" , he said. "They help cut farm surpluses, and maybe if there were more, we'd have farmers put t ing themselves on a 5 % day week, and careful to quit early enough in the day so that they could go out and play 9 or 18 holes before d a r k and have a shot a t i t Sa turday af ternoon. I don ' t play myself, but I can see that it has possibilities for fa rmers as a surplus control meas­ure . F u r t h e r m o r e , I know from ex­perience tha t we farm folks can work 5 % days a week and prosper, and I hope tha t more of us find tha t ou t . "

W h e r e Money Goes

In his address , Mr. Winder told his Clarks ton and Hasting audiences:

"Today consumers a re paying enough for farm products. Our prob­lem is one of distr ibution, r a the r than surplus . Organized co-operative m a r k e t i n g effort is the only answer tha t gets resul ts .

In 1917 we find that out of $1.69 paid by consumers for farm prod­ucts, the farmer got $1 . Sixty-nine cents went for distr ibution a t a t ime when farm prices were very good.

(Continued "ii page two)

Co-operative effort by farmers in Williamston township, Ingham coun­ty, has evolved a method of handl ing the vexatious problem of t respass by pheasant hunters and others in a way that has made the Horton Anti -Trespass Act truly effective, and a t the same time has won virtually un­animous praise from both farmers in the neighborhood and sportsmen as a definite forward step in game management, conservation and pro­tection of farm property r ights .

This conclusion was reached by Michigan State F a r m Bureau rep re ­sentatives after an investigation made in the township.

Rules for Hun t ing Star t ing in early fall, 1929, with

a mass meeting of protest a t which about 300 farmers demanded organ­ized effort to protect their farms from unwelcome in t ruders dur ing the hunt ing season, an organization was created and by the opening of t h e hunt ing season about 16,000 acres Of land, represent ing the holdings of two-thirds of the farmers in the township, was closed to all hun te r s except those admit ted by members of the farmers ' association and subject to the rules of thei r organizaton.

Under these rules, no farmer can admit more than four hun te r s per day, and each hunte r must have a t icket from his host showing tha t he is enti t led to hunt . However, any man holding such a t icket is enti t led to hun t on any land included in the farmers ' association provided he complies with three simple regu la ­t ions. These a r e :

1. Close all gates after you. 2. Climb fences a t posts. 3. Don't shoot toward stock or

buildings. Each farmer has full control of t h e

disposal of his four t ickets, and can dispose of them in any way he likes. Some farmers claim t h a t under the farmers ' agreement they are enti t led to make a charge if they desire, bu t no instance is known where a charge was made. One farmer reported tha t a hunter insisted upon paying 50c for a day's hunt ing , and some hunters gave a par t of their bag to their hosts.

Good Results Immedia te ly As soon as the pheasant season

opened it became appa ren t t ha t the farmers had succeeded in br inging about a decrease in the number of hunters , and a be t te r distr ibution of those hunting. One member report ­ed that in a previous year he had arisen at daybreak on the first day of the season and counted 42 hun t ­ers in one field, with 16 in a second

field jus t across t h e road. Las t fall, however , with only four pe rmi t s per farm avai lable , t h e r e was no such concentra t ion of h u n t e r s on a few acres .

The success of the Wi l l i ams ton fa rmers in e l imina t ing excess n u m ­bers of h u n t e r s of the less desi rable {type seems to have been due largely t o the publicity t h e township receiv­ed a m o n g spor t smen . The impress­ion was widespread t h a t the Wil l iam­ston fa rmers m e a n t business , and they were given a wide bi r th by i r responsible gun to te r s . Guest hun t ­ers , thankfu l for t he oppor tun i ty to obtain exceptional ly good shoot ing , also assisted in some cases by act ing as a volunteer police force. One life­long res ident of the township who was interviewed by a F a r m Bureau represen ta t ive told of being requ i r ­ed to show his pe rmi t to a vis i t ing h u n t e r from Detroi t who was jea lous­ly protect ing the in teres ts of the f a rmer who had given him permis ­sion to shoot over the lands of t he f a rmers ' associat ion.

Proper ty Damage Disappears

Damage to l ivestock, fences and o the r proper ty so common in past seasons, seems to have been ent i re ly e l iminated last year , and it is also believed in the neighborhood t h a t t he r e were very few who exceeded the legal bag l imits . Hun te r s usual ly went to the h o m e of a friend or ac­qua in tance and secured permi ts , leav­ing the i r cars in the farm yard . At the close of the day it was necessary to r e t u r n to the fa rm and hand back the permi t s before obta in ing the i r cars. In this way t h e fa rmer had an oppor tun i ty to look over the days kill and to note any infract ions of the law. In addi t ion the f a rmer s made it a ru le to be in the open dur ­ing most of the season and hun t e r s genera l ly unders tood they were be­ing closely watched.

The success of t h e fa rmers asso­ciat ion seems to be due largely to the leadership of i ts officers and to the wil l ingness of fa rmers and hun t ­ers a l ike to co-operate in improving h u n t i n g condi t ions . The pres ident , Harold G. King, is a well known farmer , and the secre tary , Theodore Thompson, is owner and publ i sher of t he Wil l iamston Ente rpr i se , t he local weekly paper .

Organiza t ion of the associat ion was accomplished with ar min imum of effort and expense. After t he mass meet ing officers were elected, and membersh ip b lanks and guest h u n t e r p e r m i t s w e r e pr in ted . F a r m ­e r s cal led a t t h e office of t h e E n ­terpr ise , s igned a membersh ip b lank, secured the i r gues t permi ts , and paid 25c to defray pr in t ing and o the r incidental expenses.

(Continued on page two)

WARNS OF DRIVE TO NULLIFY FARM

MARKETING ACT Thompson Says Speculative

Group Have Declared War

SEE~THE HANDWRITING On The Wall And They Are

Out To Save Their Necks.

Action of t h e Chamber of Com­merce of t he United Sta tes in an­nual mee t ing a t Wash ing ton , May 2, in condemning co-operative mar ­ket ing act ivi t ies unde r t h e Federa l Fa rm Board as in ter fer ing with es­tabl ished bus iness , and d e m a n d i n g a m e n d m e n t to the Agr icu l tu ra l Mar­ket ing Act to m a k e the F a r m Board an advisory body, etc., has given or­ganized ag r i cu l tu re notice of the fight a t hand .

Resolution Adopted by the Michigan State

F a r m Bureau Board of Directors, meeting at Lansing, May 15, 1930:

RESOLVED, That the Michigan State Farm Bureau commends t h e courage and the vigor with which Chairman Alexander Legge of the Federal Farm Board and the Sec­retary of Agriculture, the Honorable Mr. A. M. Hyde, replied to a t tacks upon the Federal F a r m Board and the Agricultural Market ing Act in the annual meeting of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States at Washington, the week ending May 3, 1930; further,

We believe tha t the address by Mr. Legge and comment by Mr. Hyde, so completely reported and so widely distr ibuted by the press, has been of

immense value to the co-operative p rogram under the Agr icu l tu ra l Mar­ke t ing Act. Noth ing else could so forcibly have called t h e a t ten t ion of the na t ion to t h e host i l i ty of cer ta in in te res t s in the Uni ted Sta tes Cham­ber of Commerce to the Agr icu l tura l Marke t ing Act, a n d t h e work of t he Fede ra l F a r m Board .

W e hereby pledge the cont inued suppor t of the Michigan State F a r m Bureau to the Federa l F a r m Board in t h e s t r enuous ba t t le it is waging to accomplish real ass is tance for t he farmer .

S igned— MICHIGAN STATE FARM BUREAU

Hoard of Directors M. L. \ ( ) ( ) \ , P re s iden t . C. L. BRODY, Secre tary .

P R E S . SAM H. THOMPSON

Pres iden t Sam Thompson of t h e American F a r m Bureau h a s sound­ed the following call to a r m s to a l l F a r m Bureau officers and m e m b e r s in a le t te r wr i t t en May 9:

"Organized ag r i cu l tu re faces a se ­r ious chal lenge.

"Grea t selfish, speculative bus i ­ness groups have joined forces to secure repeal o r nullifying amend­ment to the Agr icu l tu ra l Marke t ing Act.

"The Agr icu l tu ra l Marke t ing Act which became a law of the land on J u n e 15, 1929, represen ts t h e r e su l t of seven years of toil, sacrifice and bi t ter ba t t le on the pa r t of t he farm people of th is country . I t Is t h e first s tep in the adopt ion of a na­tional policy t h a t will enable fa rm people to live a n d earn on t h e s a m e basis as t he o the r economic g roups of this count ry .

"This Agr icu l tu ra l Marke t ing Act declares as the na t iona l policy t h e promotion of: "effective merchand i s ­ing of ag r i cu lu ra l commodi t ies—so tha t the indus t ry of ag r i cu l tu re will be placed on a basis of economic equali ty wi th o ther indus t r ies a n d to tha t end, to protect , control a n d stabilize the cu r r en t s of I n t e r s t a t e and foreign commerce in t h e m a r ­ket ing of ag r i cu l tu ra l eonrmodit ies and their food products .

"The Act fu r ther declares t h a t t h e development of producer-owned a n d controlled co-operat ive en te rp r i ses as a means of ca r ry ing out th is ob­jective is a fu r ther policy of t h e federal government .

"Under th is act , t h e F e d e r a l Farm, Board has been created and has been

fOont.inii«rt on r>atr» 2>

Bureau Offers Third Of Income Tax Series Will Income Tax Bring

Cut In Farm Taxes? By R. WAYNE NEWTON

Director of Taxation, Michigan State Farm Bureau The F a r m Bureau favors the p r i n - +

ciple of income taxation, but I cannot honest ly recommend a State income tax to you as a panacea for all farm tax ills. The information which comes to my hands does not warrant many of the claims which have been made for the tax as an aid to farmers, and goes counter to many of the ideas some have held as to what it will ac ­complish.

I have a l ready shown tha t a State income tax does not justify the claim "No income, no tax." Proper ty taxes cont inue to be paid by farmers in every s t a t e t h a t ha s an income tax. The next quest ion is th i s : Does the passage of an income tax lead to a re­duction of farm taxes?

Experience of Others

I cannot answer that question with an absolute "yes" or "no" . I do not have information covering all s ta tes tha t will show jus t how much proper­ty taxes have been paid by farmers each year since the passage of a s ta te

income tax law. However, I have est imates of farm proper ty taxes for 1924 and 1927 for t he s tate which levied some form of income tax, on (individuals or corporat ions , or both in 1924. Here is a table that shows the per cent of increase or decrease in (farm taxes between those two years in those states, and the same figure for Michigan. P E R C E N T O F C H A N G E IN F A R M

P R O P E R T Y T A X E S lOUI-L'T. S T A T E S I N C R E A S E D E C R E A S E »!onn, Del. Mass, Miss. Mo. .Mont. X. H. X. V. X. <\ X. I>. Okla.

Term. Va. Wis. Mich.

2'.<

51 6 S

.".( G t

I (J!t

4 19

2'.<

19 These figures speak for themselves.

They most ce r ta in ly show that a

s ta te income tax does not hold out an assurance that farm tax troubles will end as soon as an income tax is adopt­ed. Ten of the 15 show a greater ra te of increase in farm taxes that Mich­igan and only one shows a drop.

in Wisconsin The University of Wisconsin recent­

ly made a study of'taxes on the farms, villages and cities of Dane county, Wisconsin, which also throws some light on this subject. Property taxes paid by the same farmers were compared over a period of 11 years from 1913 to 1924. This information Is of par t icular interest as the Wiscon­sin income tax was passed in 1911, only two years before the time at which th is study commences. The aver­age proper ty tax paid by the farmers covered in this study was $160 in 1913. The property taxes paid by the same men in 1924* averaged $381, or an increase of 138 per cent. I t is somewhat unfair to make a direct, comparison between taxes in a re-sticted a reas such as Dane county, Wisconsin, with taxes over a whole s ta te such as Michigan. However, you a re na tura l ly interested in know­ing something about how the increas­es over there under the income tax compare with the increases here with­out one. I am going to give you the figures for what they are worth. As near as I can determine farm land

taxes in Michigan increased 9 per cent per acre on the average from 1919 to 1924. This figure is based on reports from over 1,000 farms. Dur­ing the same six years property taxes paid by 1,818 farmers living in Dane county, Wisconsin, increased 35 per cent.

I most certainly do not wish to be understood as saying that a state in­come tax necessarily leads to an in­creased rate of taxation on farms, but I do say that the mere passage of a state income tax is by no means a guarantee of lower farm property taxes.

Ability To Pay Neither does a s ta te income tax

bring about even a near approach to taxation according to ability to pay. In 1924 property taxes on Dane county, Wisconsin, farmers were almost three times as high in proportion to their incomes as they were on the incomes of city and village residents. Fur ther , the evidence indicates that there has been almost no change in this regard since 1913. The main difference is that everybody's property taxes were higher in proportion to income in the later year than in 1913.

So far as I know the farmers of Wisconsin are very well satisfied with their state income tax. But I ask you to mark this point well— When Wisconsin adopted her income

tax , the tax was not represented as being primarily for the relief of farm land taxes. It was instead proposed as a substi tute for the tax on personal proper ty .

As originally enacted the features of perhaps greates t interest to Wis­consin farmers were exemptions from proper ty tax on farm machinery and household furniture, both of which a re already largely exempted in Mich­igan.

Wisconsin farmers had little excuse to expect more out of the law than they got. If the farmers of Wiscon­sin had made a holy crusade out of a demand for an income tax on the promise tha t its enactment would r e ­duce or otherwise material ly affect the genera l level of taxes on farms, they would have been most cruel ly disillusioned by the final resul ts .

Xow let me refer back to the table tha t shows farm tax increases in the 15 states which had some form of in­come tax in 1924. You will remember tha t the increase in farm taxes in North Dakota was only 4 per cent and tha t the increase in Montana was 5 per cent. I can say definitely that these low percentages of increase in farm taxes were not the result of an income tax levy. Although farm proper ty taxes increased at a very Blow rate in these s tates between 1924 and 1927 the increase in dollars was

grea ter in each case t han the to ta l yield of the income taxes which these s ta tes levy. In o ther words, it is a very violent assumpt ion to s a y t h a t all the income tax was used to reduce taxes in these s tates , but even if th i s were t rue the percentage of farm tax increase would st i l l be less t h a n half the Michigan increase if there had been no income tax.

How Relief Came That leaves two states for special

conideration, Delaware and New York. New York 's farm proper ty tax­es increased 4 p e r cent from 1924 to 1927 and the Delaware fa rmers bene­fited from an actual cu t in the i r taxes. Now notice th is : New York and Delaware have been leaders in the recent movement for a reduction and equalization of local taxes. Both s ta tes have enacted laws which r e ­move a considerable share of t he local burdens formerly imposed for the support of public schools. More recently, too recent ly in fact to show in the table, New York has granted substantial relief to side roads.

The income tax is not the pr imary reason for the low rate of increase in farm taxes for New York. This is clearly shown by comparing increas ­es of farm taxes in New York and Michigan prior to 1514, going back to the time before special equalizat ion of school taxes was carried on in a

m p a g e t .

TWO !

MICHIGAN" STATE F A R M B U R E A U N E W S

6* MICHIGAN FARM BUREAU NEWS

Published twice a month by the Michigan State Farm Bureau at Char­lotte, Michigan. Editorial and general offices it Suite Farm Bureau head­quarters, i/ausing, Michigan.

VOL. VIII. SATURDAY, MAY 24, 1930 NO. 10

Ente red a t t he pos t office a t Char lo t t e , Mich., a s second class m a t t e r . Acceptance for mai l ing at special r a t e of pos tage provided for in Sec. l i o : ! , Act of Oct. 3 , 1917 , au thor ized J a n u a r y 12, 1923 .

Subscr ip t ion pr ice $1.00 per year . To F a r m B u r e a u m e m b e r s 50 cents per year , inc luded in the i r a n n u a l dues . ' • • ' " • "

K. EL UNGREN E d i t o r a n d Business Manage r

...J^|^^^HHilHilHilHK~- -<'*""!"( ion

MICHIGAN STAfgjkpM f}UREAU

O F F I C E R S M L SOON, Jackson President W. W. BILLINGS, Davison Vice-President

Direct o r s -a t -Large

M. B. McPHKRSON Lowell EDITH WAOAR Carleton

.loll.v OOODWINIO Marietta •U> 1<\ OORMRLY Newberry

.1. .1. JAKWAY Benton Harbor W. W. BILLINOS Davison

Commodi ty Direc tors HENRY CURTI8, CadOlac Michigan Potato Growers' Kxchange M. 1.. NOON, Jackson Michigan Milk Producers' Association ("HAS. WOODRUFF, Hastings Michigan Uve Stock Kxchange M. K. SHISLKK, Caledonia Michigan Elevator Kxcliange M. D. BUSKIRK, Paw Paw Michigan Fruit Growers, Inc. STATE FARM BUREAU ORGANIZATION

CLARK L. BRODY Sec 'y-Treas . -Manager

D E P A R T M E N T HEADS T r a f f i e A . P . M I l l s C l o t h i n g M i s s N . 15. K i i t . y P u b l i c i t y E . K. U n g r e n A c c u u n t i n g L . M". S i n c l a i r O r g a n i z a t i o n C. L N a s h A u t o m o b i l e I n s u r a n c e A l f r e d B e n t a l l T a x a t i o n B . W a y n e N e w t o n

SUBSIDIARY CORPORATIONS OF T H E MICHIGAN STATE FARM BUREAU

F a r m B u r e a u S e r v i c e s , I n e L . A . T h o m a s M i c h i g a n F a r m B u r e a u W o o l P o o ) A l f r t - d B<-htull

MICHIGAN COMMODITY MARKETING ASSOCIATIONS

AFFILIATED WITH MICHIGAN STATU F A R M B U R E A U

Michigan Potato Growers Kxcliange Cadillac Michigan Milk Producers Association 707 Owen Rldg., Detroit Michigan Livestock Exchange Hudson Michigan Elevator Exchange Farm Bureau BIdg., Lansing Michigan Fruit Growers, lnc Benton Harbor

DIRECTORS AND O F F I C E R S OF THK COMMODITY EXCHANGES

MICH. ELEVATOR E X C H . Carl Martin, Pres Coldwater M-Mtnn Rnrkholder. V. P.. .Marlette

01 i a B -Treas Kinde L. E. Osmer, Mgr Lansing Neil Bass, Bean Dep't Lansing W. E. Phillips Decatur George MeOalla Ypsilanti H. H. Sanford Battle Creek M. R. Shisler Caledonia Frank Gilmore Parma W. J. llazelwood Mt. Pleasant

M I C H . POTATO GROWERS EXCHANGE

H e n r y C u r t i s , P r e s C a d i l l a c J . T . B u s s e y , V i o e - P r e s . P r o v e m o n t O . E . H a w l e y , B e c ' y S h e l b y G e o r g e H e r m a n , T r e a s R e m u s F . P . H i b s t , G e n . M g r C a d i l l a c C . A . R i c h n e r , S a l e s M g r . . C a d i l l a c : L e o n C . V a n L e u w B e l l a i r e O . S . W o o d B a r r y t o n E. A. RaHinusseii Sheridan

< a u : \ T i. \ K I : S i i t i n James Nlcol, I 'res

S o u I h I l a v i n

J. F. Higlur, Sec'y H r i i l o n ( V n l t - r

F . L . G r a n g e r , S a l e s M g r B e a t o n H a r b o r

M i l l e r O v e r t o n B a n g o r

J . F . H i g b e e B e n t o n C e n t e r D a v i d B r a k e I ' i t i n . u a P . D . L e a v e n w o r t h

G r a n d R a p i d s J o h n B o t t e m e S p r i n g L a k e

MICH. M I L K PRODUCERS ASS'N N . P . H u l l , P r e s L a n s i n g R . G . P o t t s , V i c e - P r e s . W a s h i n g t o n B . F . B e a c h , S e c D e t r o i t H a r r y C a l k i n s F o w l e r v i l ^ M . L. N o o n J a c k s o n R . L . T a y l o r L a p e e r L . W . l i a r w o o d A d r i a n A n t h o n y I l u y s e r C a l e d o n i a F r e d W . M e y e r F a i r H a v e n F r e d G. B e a r d s l e y O x f o r d W i l l i a m H u n t e r S a n d u s k y E l m e r P o w e r s C l i o

MICH. L I V E STOCK EXCH. E . A . B e a m e r . P r e s B l i s s f i e l d K. 1). H a r p e r , V i c e - P r e s . , S t . J o h n s J . H . O ' M e a l e y , S e c ' y H u d s o n F r a n k O b e r s t , T r e a s . , Brec k e n r i d t N a t e P a t t i s o n C a r J . I t . B e t t e s S p a r t a F r e d K l o t z P o r t l a n d E d w a r d D i p p e y P e r r y C h a r l e s W o o d r u f f H a s t i n g s

IV I I I S ' i n i K S . I n r .

W . .1. K c l m l t z H a r t J o h n .Mi l le r C o l o n i a Carl Buskirk Lawrence L . A . H a w l e y L u d i n ^ t o n li. Nafaiger Mlllburg v. Warner Mattawan

«'. J . C h r c s t e n s e n O n e k a m a M. I) . B u s k i r k p a w P a w ..'. w. Prentice Saugatuck O. u. Cale Shelby li. H. Hague Sodi.s James Nicol South Haven W . K. D e a n Kai l C l a i r e C. L. ihody Lansing

A M K R K A V F A R M B U R E A U F E D E R A T I O N

L E G I S L A T I V E H E A D Q U A R T E R S M u n s e y B l . l g . , W a s l i i n g t o n , D . C . S A M H . T H O M P S O N P r e s i d e n t G E N E R A L O F F I C E S A . K. B . F 68 E a s t W a s h i n g t o n S t . , C h i c a g o CHESTER l i . GiiAVT Washington Representative

SATTRI)AY. MAY 21, jfftn

f r e igh t . M a y b e ir c a n , but it n e v e r c a r r i e d m o r e t h a n :{.(MK>,(MK)

t o n s a n d 1929 s a w it r e d u c e d to 2,876,900 t o n s .

" T h e o p p o n e n t s of t h e S t . L a w r e n c e S h i p C a n a l w a n t t o see

t h e F e d e r a l (Government t a k e t h e B a r g e ( ' a n a l o v e r a n d d e e p e n

it f rom 12 feel to 13 feel aa if t h a t w o u l d i m p r o v e t h e e o n d i - -

t ion ; h u t it w o n ' t a n d can ' t .

""It w o u l d be a g o d s e n d to the t a x p a y e r s p i N e w Y o r k S t a t e

if t h e F e d e r a l ( J o v e r n m e n t w o u l d t a k e it o v e r a n d o p e r a t e i t ,

a s t h e S t a t e w o u l d s a v e $11 ,000 ,000 a y e a r , e v e n a l t h o u g h t h e

F e d e r a l < J o v e r n m e n t go t t h e C a n a l for n o t h i n g .

" T h e W e l l a n d ( C a n a d i a n S h i p C a n a l , .'ill feet d e e p , wi l l he

o p e n for n a v i g a t i o n t h i s y e a r , t h e n goodb j r e to t h e B r i e C a n a l

w h e t h e r it he 12 o r 13 feet d e e p a n d w h e t h e r o p e r a t e d h.v t h e

Federal or state Government. ' " T h e o p e n i n g of t h e W e l l a n d S h i p C a n a l m e a n s a 3 5 0 - m i l e

' s h i p s e a - w a y * at least. .'{<> feet d e e p . T h i s l e a v e s o n l y (i.'l m i l e s

of S t . L a w r e n c e S h i p C a n a l to .Montreal t o he d e e p e n e d to •'!<>

feet . T h i s m e a n s an " O c e a n S h i p S e a w a y ' b e t w e e n t h e A t l a n t i c

a n d t h e h e a d of t h e O r e a t F a k e s .

" N e w Y o r k S t a t e h a d b e t t e r h u r r y up a n d u n l o a d i t s f i n a n ­

cial " w h i t e e l e p h a n t ' on t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n t .

" I s u g g e s t t h a t t h e N e w Y o r k C i t y o p p o n e n t s of t h e S t . L a w ­

r e n c e S e a w a y R o u t e a n d o t h e r s c r e a t e a ' P f t O t - F i n d i n g C o m m i s ­

s i o n ' to i n v e s t i g a t e t h e r e l a t i v e a d v a n t a g e s of t h e S t . L a w r e n c e

S h i p S e a w a y R o u t e o v e r t h e E r i e B a r g e C a n a l , i r r e s p e c t i v e of

t h e h i t t e r ' s d e p t h .

" F e t t h e m a l so r e t i i e m h e r t h a t .Mont rea l , 1,000 mi le s u p t h e

S t . L a w r e n c e F i v e r , is t h e s e c o n d l a rges t s e a p o r t on t h e A t l a n t i c

a n d t h a t 20 ,000 ton s t e a m e r s t r a v e l b e t w e e n .Mont rea l a n d E u r o ­

p e a n p o r t s a n d t h a t w h e n t h e p r e sen t S t . F a w r e n c e F ' iver s h i p

c a n a l s a r e d e e p e n e d t o .'50 feet , A t l a n t i c l i n e r s will r e a c h t h e h e a d

pf t h e C r o a t F a k e s .

""To s a v e t h e N e w Y o r k S t a t e t a x p a y e r s $11,000,000 a y e a r ,

w e w a n t t h e F e d e r a l G o v e r n m e n l to t a k e o v e r the B a r g e C a n a l .

""The o p p o n e n t s of t h e S t . F a w r e n c e O c e a n S h i p S e a w a y w a n t

th<' Federal Governmenl to take over the Barge Canal in the h o p e tha t it w i l l kill t h e S t . F a w r e n c e R o u t e a m i when R e p r e s e n ­

t a t i v e D e m p s e y a n d o t h e r s ins is t t ha t increa.sin.o t h e d e p t h oi' t h e

Barge Canal from 12 to VA l'eet will enable it to compete with the St . F a w r e n c e R o u t e , t h e y a r e ' t a l k i n g b u n c o m b e . ' '

F A R M B O A R D A N D M E R C H A N T S

T h a t f r i c t i on s h o u l d a r i s e b e t w e e n t h e F e d e r a l F a r m B o a r d

a m i the m e r c h a n t s w h o f o r m e r l y h a n d l e d t h e p r i n c i p a l f a r m

c r o p s m i g h t h a v e b e e n e x p e c t e d , a l t h o u g h t h e m a t t e r r e c e i v e d

no c o n s i d e r a t i o n in t h e p r e l i m i n a r y d i s c u s s i o n s on f a rm a id . T h e

m e r c h a n t s d i d a n e x t e n s i v e bus ine s s , w i t h s t r o n g h a n k i n g s u p ­

p o r t , a n d u s u a l l y w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n n e c t i o n s . T h e y c a r r i e d

m o s t of t h e c r o p f r o m t h e t i m e it w a s h a r v e s t e e l u n t i l it w e n t

i n t o e o n s u m p t i o n .

It is o h v i o u s t h a t if t h e c o - o p e r a t i v e a s s o c i a t i o n s se l l t h e

c r o p t h e m e r c h a n t s will f ind t h e i r o c c u p a t i o n g o n e . H e n c e t h e

r e s o l u t i o n s w h i c h v a r i o u s o r g a n i z a t i o n s a r e n o w a d o p t i n g , p r o ­

t e s t i n g a g a i n s t t h e m e r c h a n d i s i n g of w h e a t a n d c o t t o n b y a gov­

e r n m e n t a g e n c y . It is no t (dea r wha t t h e p r o t e s t i n g b o d i e s

t h i n k t h e F a r m B o a r d s h o u l d d o . T h e y a r e o n l y .sure a s t o w h a t

it s h o u l d not d o .

T h e a r g u m e n t s of t h e m e r c h a n t s a r e not c o n c l u s i v e . Al l p r o ­

g r e s s d i s t u r b s t h e e x i s t i n g o r d e r . <Tivilization is in a p e r p e t u a l

S t a t e of f lux , w i t h n e w i d e a s a n d n e w m e t h o d s e v e r s u p p l a n t i n g

t h e o ld . If t h e n e w is b e t t e r it is f u t i l e fo r t h e old to p r o t e s t .

T h e w o r l d m o v e s on .

T h i s is not s a y i n g tha t t h e F a r m B o a r d m e t h o d s of . se l l ing

f a r m c r o p s a r e s u p e r i o r l o t h o s e h e r e t o f o r e e m p l o y e d . .More

t h a n o n e y e a r wi l l he n e e d e d lo d e t e r m i n e t h e i r e x a c t v a l u e ,

l int t h e new p l a n s s h o u l d h a v e a f a i r t r i a l . T h e F a r m B o a r d

h a s not been a f r a i d to t a c k l e a b i g j o b in a b i g w a y . It w o u l d

be s t r a n g e if t h e y h a v e m a d e n o m i s t a k e s , h u t t h e c u r r e n t c r i t i ­

c i sm is p r e m a t u r e . In a n o t h e r y e a r o r t w o we wi l l b e g i n to S I T

t h e a c t u a l r e s u l t s of CO-opera t ive s e l l i n g . M e a n t i m e j u d g e m e n t

on t h e F a r m B o a r d a n d i ts p o l i c i e s s h o u l d he s u s p e n d e d . E d i t o r ­

ial f rom M a y i s sue of t h e A m e r i c a n F e r t i l i z e r .

of farmers to relief on local school the road taxes, so that the revenues

will come from success in the National batt le will go into chan­nels where farmers will be material­ly helped, and to prevent a waste of the fruits of our effort.

Third, the local Farm Bureaus and every farmer face the task of holding down local property levies so that the benefits of the State and National programs will be reflected in actual relief. No other step surpasses this one in Importance. Fa rmer . Co-opera­tion here is vital, and there is no bet ter rallying point than the local Fa rm Bureau.

This whole program is designed for the benefit of agr icul ture . All over the s tate we receive encouragement from farmers who read our program, study their own tax receipts , and then sanction our efforts to pour the most medicine on the worst sort* spot.

How Farmers Control Shooting

On 16,000 Acres (Continued from page one) S u r e s t Special Pol icing

After one year of opera t ion only two sugges t ions were u n e a r t h e d for improvemen t in the opera t ion of the fa rmers ' associa t ion:

F i r s t , it is believed t h a t a g rea t e r membersh ip is desi rable , and tha t th is wi.ll be easily obta ined th is year .

Second, it is the opinion in some q u a r t e r s t h a t special policing should be provided in future years . There is some doubt as to whe the r it will be possible to opera te a n o t h e r year without friction with uninvi ted hun t ­ers, and some members asser t t h a t they will not t ake the r i sks in order­ing armed in t rude r s off the i r farms.

Much of Wil l iamston township provides exceptionally fine pheasant cover and is hun ted regu la r ly by spor t smen from many d i s t an t points as well as those from Lans ing and loiher nearby places. This exper iment in control l ing hun t ing r igh t s has been successful beyond the u tmos t hopes of the local people and seems to offer o the r farm communi t i e s a practical method of mee t ing th is phase of t h e game ques t ion . The Operation of the plan has been care­fully s tudied by spo r t smen ' s o rgan i ­zations and o thers in te res ted in farm game problems. I t seems to have won h e a r t y approval in all qua r t e r s and is especially in te res t ­ing because it r ep resen t s t he f a rmer ' s own answer to a very se r ious ques­tion.

Editorials A W H I T E E L E P H A N T F O R S A L E

W e h a v e h e a r d a g r e a t d e a l a h o u t t h e p r o p o s e d G r e a l F a k e s

ftt. F a w r e n c e w a t e r w a y to t h e sea , u p o n w h i c h C a n a d a h a s com­

p l e t e d most of h e r s h a r e of t h e w o r k , a n d we h a v e n o t e d t h a t

t h e g r e a t e s t o b s t a c l e lo t h e w a t e r w a y in t h i s c o u n t r y is t he d e t e r ­

m i n e d ef for t of New V o r k S t a t e to use e v e r y p o l i t i c a l m e a n s to

f o r c e m i d - w e s t s h i p p e r s l o use t h e p o r t of N e w Y o r k , wi th a t ­

t e n d a n t u n l o n d i n g s a n d t r i h u t e to t h i s h a n d l e r a n d t h a t

h a n d l e r . Also , N e w Y o r k ' s e f fo r t to u n l o a d on t h e p e o p l e of

t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s t h e o b s o l e t e F r i o F a n a l u n d e r t h e p l e a s a n t

s o u n d i n g t i t l e of t h e All A m e r i c a n r o u t e .

T h o s e b e h i n d t h e u n l o a d i n g p r o g r a m h a v e a most p o w e r f u l

a l l y in C h a i r m a n D e m p s e y of t h e H o u s e R i v e r s a n d I l a r h o r s

C o m m i t t e e in C o n g r e s s . He c a n a n d d o e s d o a g r e a l d e a l to b lock

S t . F a w r e n c e w a t e r w a y l e g i s l a t i o n , a n d to f u r t h e r t h e Al l -

A m e r i c a n r o u t e .

But -Mr. D e m p s e y h a s p l e n t y of o p p o n e n t s in N e w Y o r k ,

a m o n g t h e m Mr . S t e w a r t B r o w n e , p r e s i d e n t of t h e U n i t e d R e a l

E s t a t e O w n e r s A a s ' n in N e w Y o r k C i t y , w h i c h is b e l i e v e d to o w n

m o r e t h a n o n e - t h i r d of t h e t a x a b l e rea l e s t a t e in N e w Y o r k C i t y .

Mr . B r o w n e e x p o s e s t h e m o t i v e s b e h i n d the A l l - A m e r i c a n o r Br i e

B a r g e C a n a l r o u t e a s f o l l o w s : * (

" T h e B a r g e C a n a l cost t h e t a x p a y e r s of N e w Y o r k S t a t e o v e r

$600,001 :.C0t> a n d is o p e r a t e d at a loss of $11 ,000 ,000 a y e a r . T h e

P a n a m a C a n a l cost o n l y $271,000,001).

" T h e B a r g e C a n a l is u s e d h a s i e a l l y to m a k e v o t e s for t h e

U p s t a t e R e p u b l i c a n p a r t y a n d no t for t r a n s p o r t a t i o n . T h e B«

C a n a l w a s u se fu l b e f o r e r a i l r o a d s c a m e . T o d a y if it w e r e f i l l ed

u p N e w Y o r k S t a t e w o u l d s a v e $4 ,500 ,000 a y e a r a n d if al l t h e

B a r g e f r e i g h t w a s h a n d l e d b y t h e r a i l r o a d s w i t h t h e S t a t e p a y ­

i n g t h e f re igh t c h a r g e s , t h e s h i p p e r s w o u l d s a v e $."{,000,000 a

y e a r . T h e cost to t h e t a x p a y e r s w o u l d m o r e t h a n b u y al l t h e

f r e i g h t t h a t goes t h r o u g h t h e B a r g e C a n a l

" ' T h e E r i e C a n a l is n o t h i n g b u t a m u d h o l o ; w h e n t h e w a t e r

ks h i g h t h e b a r g e s c a n ' t go u n d e r i h e ' f i x e d ' b r i d g e s a n d w h e n

t h e w a t e r is low i h e b a r g e s s t i c k on t h e b o t t o m . T h e r e w e r e ll!>

d e n t s in Fej!», of w h i c h e i g h t e e n b o a t s s a n k a n d t h e S t a t e

p a y s t h e damage

" T l 10,000,000 toi

Bureau Offers Third Of Income Tax Articles

( C o n t i n u e d f r o m p a g e o n e )

way to br ing about a scientific read­jus tment of tax burdens .

New York adopted her personal in­come tax in 1919; she enacted a cor­poration income tax in 1917, two yea r s earlier . The increase in farm proper­ty taxes in New York between 1919 and 1924 was 33 per cent. As I have al ready said, the increase in farm land tax per ac re in Michigan be­tween 1919 and 1924 was about 9 per cent. It is only after the program of reduct ion and equalizat ion of local p roper ty levies got well under way that New York fa rmers were mater ia l ­ly benefited through a lower r a t e if increase in farm proper ty levies.

In present ing these figures and facts my only l imitation has been lack of rel iable information. [ have no record of any s ta te where the resul ts run cont ra ry to those I have shown and 1 do not believe there is such a

* ny where in the United States . Kite Conclusions

All the evidence at my command points to five conclus ions:

1. No change in ihe tax sy^ieni will grant actual relief to t a n n e r s unless steps a re taken to hold the proper ty tax under control . Everywhere there is a tendency to use new revenues to increase expenses. This must be s top-lied if farmers and o the r taxpayers a re to have the relief they so richly deserve.

2. The greal need today is a r ed i s . t i ibutioii of local tax burdens . These a re the taxes that are the highest and that increase most rapidly. A tax relief program that fails to cut the h x a l tax is likely to leave the farmer about where he is and close the door to further help for years .

.'{. An income tax is a fair and equitable tax ii used to relieve local i i \ « s and in connection with an economy program. Yet a s tate income tax under present condit ions will not yield a sufficient sum to grant the re­lief that, farmers a re entit led to and at the same time meet the o ther de-j n a n d s that will necessari ly be placed upon it. It will be like t rying to water an elephant out of a quart cup.

1. National Leu M a t ion alone will make possible a genuine s ta le income tax. one tha t CMU become the chief

Consumers Paying Enough Says Sec'y

M. S. Winder (Continued from pagr? one)

Ten years l a t e r in 1927 we find the consumer paying $1.72 for t h e same un i t s of farm products , and t h e farm­er ge t t i ng oiOy 73 cents of it. Dis­t r ibu t ion costs got the o the r 99 cents .

"Co-opera t ive m a r k e t i n g is com­ing fast. Too fast for some people who were for it when they though t it wouldn ' t work, but a r e now bi t ter­ly opposed to it and a re do ing the i r best to amend the Agr i cu l tu ra l Mar­ke t ing Act so as to r ende r t h e Fed­eral F a r m Board ineffective.

Th ings Have Changed " W e have come a .long ways in

co-operat ive m a r k e t i n g and a r e t rav­el ing fast. In 1915 in Iowa l ivestock 'buyers were successful in hav ing the cour t s close a fa rmers co-operat ive l ivestock shipping ven tu re by an in­junc t ion on the g rounds t h a t the co-

• r ~ ; • . .„ ' op was in r e s t r a in t of t r ade as far as source of tax revenue. Such l e g i s l a - j t u . _ x tion will e l iminate almost every oh jection tha t has been raised to a s ta te income tax, and provide the funds needed to make a real dent in proper­ty taxes both urban and rura l .

5. The passage of a s ta te income tax at this t ime with the proceeds used for local relici* and accompanied

t h e pr ivate dea le rs were concerned! "At t h a t t ime the re was no co-op­

era t ive m a r k e t i n g law. Since then we have had the F a r m Bureau and today t h r o u g h the F a r m Bureau every s t a t e has legalized all phases of f a rmers co-operat ive m a r k e t i n g . The p reamble to t h e Agr i cu l tu ra l

by rigid economy legislation would be -Marketing Act enacted by Congress a step in the r ight direction. A state Sta tes t h a t co-operat ive m a r k e t i n g by income tax not sufficiently guarded fa rmers is recognized as the na t ional in these respects would be injurious, farm policy! It threa tens to open the gap through " W e have come far, and now we which the ent i re s t ream may la ter be mus t learn how to work t oge the r p a r t e d . bettor, hut t h a t will come.

Until t he s ta te <u' Michigan recog- Tax Relief nizes the need for a better control of government costs and the need of re ­lieving property of local school, high-

Refe r r ing to taxes, Mr. sa id :

W i n d e r J Board

"•Vluch as I would like to see the way and other costs now collected a m o u n t s of money being snent fm-locally but spent to benefit the whole public expend i tu res decreased I can t s ta le there .s not going to be enough see tha t our demands for ' be t te r

d i tures . Our g rea t t roub le is that tii-Dan and rura l , will be s tar ted on the road to rehabil i tat ion so far a s taxation is concerned.

harm Itureaii Tax Program The whole F a r m Bureau tax pro­

gram, is built ft) meet the needs of the pays «Mo; <>|' the taxes, whi le actual f a r m e r it will succeed be-[.tangible p rope r ty r e p r e s e n t i n g

not enough of our cit izens cont r ib­ute to the tax funds as thev should

"In Illinois we find t h a t real es­t a t e , Which is 1 0 % ' of the u o a l . h .

in-the

cause it. is based upon facts that stand o ther 9 n « ,,V « ui' ". .challenged. Bv%ry farmer knows of o i r t a L . ' ^ ^ '""' that if he could be relieved of the , T l l ( ' . " unreasonable increase i„ road and , l l l t • g ° p a , n r m i acome tax, school taxes wihich have come within V J n ° ' !1 * * n a c e « . " you en-the last 10 years , and be sure of no: '' f " " i m ' ( ) , n < ' t a x ^ supp lan t your

| unreasonable increases in the next 10f , ' a X ' "V°" ffefeal : ,1).v hope years he would have the tax demon " 7 n > l " , , ' be«»WM the s t a t e licked. The Farm Bureau is going t o 1 ' " ' " m 0 r ? , l i a n V1':< o l ' V<>ur total a ^ a ^ a ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ K bill. support the measures that give t he, „,^m^^m^^m^^m^^m^^m^^m^^m^m . . , . . ,, school, road and local axes ff von greatest, promiwe ot achieving these) x " " • l *Ui* resul ts . We recognize both points and the l imitations of

l lg t i l l " 7 " " " " " " " " " ' '"A'-.-s. u V ( ) U

the good W : " " . n > : " r e l t o f - • « • that any income f tttie in- \ l 8 . *PPMea agafost school, road

come tax and a r e pursuing the course which experience has taught us to know is the one that will make the in­come tax a reality as a measure of

and o ther local taxes. "Some say income taxes will dr ive

business e lsewhere . The a n s w e r lo that is to seek the same co -ope ra t i »n

farm tax relief, and not an emplv xvith the f ede ra l government a l o n e 1 H ' , , m i s t >" | n < * > , n e <:>* »nes that we h-.ve I , , , , , , ,

The Farm Bureau program roughly J n n e r i t a n c e tax lines. Some s ta tes divides itself into three phases, and l l p u r e ( I tha t they would a t t r ac t men the Bureau is equipped to handle w , ^ l t l i by cons t i tu t iona l amend each in a workman-l ike maimer. m e n t ''"'"ever ba r r ing an inhe r i t ance

First , there is the National Farm ' i , x - H l " ' I " ' t ime came w h e n ' t h e Bureau battle for Federal laws that Pe<JeTal Government enacted t i n (

will make real income taxes possible for the state.

Second, the State Fa rm Bureau is

where the S ta te lias an inhe r i t ance tax. it may be applied as a credi t to the Federa l inher i tance tax and that

fighting for recognition of the r ight! money s tays within the S ta t e for

Sta te purposes ; the balance goes to the F- S. t reasury . But where the

j S ta te has no inher i tance tax, the V. ' S. t r e a su ry takes all . The same sys­

tem would work splendidly in the m a t t e r of s ta te and federal income taxes.

"Let us not imagine tha t we alone have tax t roubles . Home owners and indus t r i es in cities suffer some of the injust ices tha t we do. Let us sei/.c every oppor tun i ty to work out our problems together .

Membersh ip Speak ing of F a r m Bureau mem­

bersh ip . Mr. Winder said: •Success of t h e o rgan iza t ion does

not rest with the officers. We are he re to do your bidding and could be replaced in a week's t ime at most. T h e soul of t he organiza t ion is the farm men and women who m a k e it. The i r in teres t , the i r hopes and the i r ( sp i ra t ions carry it on. Pe rhaps the g rea tes t service a member can do his o rgan iza t ion is to in te res t ano the r in its work and br ing h im into ac­tive membersh ip . If you will do tha t the future of the F a r m Bureau is se­cure .

.Mr. .M. h. Cook, edi tor of the 1 last-lings Banner , spoke and said in p a r t :

• 1 believe in the F a r m Bureau . The t ime is he re when fa rmers must give a t t en t ion to co-operat ive effort. No indus t ry ge ts far w i t h o u t organi­zat ion. I n d u s t r y saw t h a t fact be­fore you d id , a n d they a r e organized so t h a t they may know where they a re going. Indus t r i e s have the i r un­de r s t and ings th rough organiza t ion .

"You a r e not merely spec ta to rs to wha t is going on in the world today. I welcome trhe F a r m B u r e a u because I believe tha t it is not an a l toge the r selfish organiza t ion , yet you muse have some selfish in te res t . But it is cer ta in t h a t you cannot have any effect on the economic life of this count ry unless you a r e organized to mean bus iness . "

County F a r m Bureau member s at t he two mee t ings came from the fol­lowing coun t i e s :

C la rks ton mee t i ng : Genesee, La­peer, Liv ings ton , Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair , Wash tenaw and Wayne count ies .

H a s t i n g s mee t i ng : Al legan . Barry , Ca lhoun , Ea ton , Ionia, Ka lamazoo , Kent , Ot tawa, Van Buren count ies .

Warns Of Drive Against Agri'l Marketing Act ( C o n t i n u e d f r o m ppffG o n e )

funct ioning for less t han a year but a l r eady , g rea t specula t ive g roups tha t have , year by year, profi ted at the expense of ag r i cu l tu re t h r o u g h the f luc tua t ion in the pr ice of the p roduce of t h e farm, see t h e hand­wr i t ing on the wall. They have open­ly and defini tely declared war on this policy.

" I t is up to t h e organized fa rmers of the na t ion whe the r th is policy shall s t and or whe the r it shal l be des t royed.

" I addres s th is le t te r to al l officers of the F a r m Bureau , na t i ona l , s ta te and county , to u rge t h a t t he full force of t he F a r m Bureau be mobil­ized and t h a t th is o rgan iza t ion pre­sent a solid front to our economic enemies .

"The re fo re , I u rge t h a t at. once you t a k e every s tep to set in opera­tion the mach ine ry of t he un i t for which you a re responsible . See to it that your represen ta t ives in Congress be not confused, t ha t they k n o w be­yond m i s u n d e r s t a n d i n g t h a t the de­clared policy of t he Agr icu l tu ra l Marke t ing Act para l le ls t h e demand of Amer ican ag r i cu l tu re . T h a t they know if any a m e n d m e n t is to be made to th i s Act, t h a t it m u s t be an a m e n d m e n t designed to fu r ther faci l i tate t h e car ry ing out of t he policy and not an a m e n d m e n t which will in any way h a m p e r or obs t ruc t this work .

' I t is wise, too, to has t en with all possible dispatch the complet ion of t he o rgan iza t ion of co-operat ive g roups to t a k e advan tage of t he Mar­ke t ing Act and the facil i t ies avai l ­able t h r o u g h the Fede ra l F a r m Board. Your American F a r m Bureau has and is co-operat ing to t h e full­est ex ten t with the F e d e r a l F a r m

in t h e deve lopment of co-op­era t ive m a r k e t i n g machinery .

" I t is a lso wise to uti l ize t ho pub­l ici ty mach ine ry of the F a r m Bu­reau to the fullest extent in te l l ing the f a r m e r ' s s ide of the s tory . Use your publ ica t ions , rad io , t h e news­papers , the farm press and every ava i lab le source to solidify agr icul ­t u r a l s en t imen t on this vital econ­omic issue.

"And finally, increase the mem­bership of your F a r m Bureau . Every addi t iona l l ec ru i t to our r a n k s in­creases the effectiveness of this great a rmy f ight ing for economic jus t ice for American agr icu l tu re .

" In the words of the Immor ta l Lincoln:

TRAFFIC DEATHS NEARLY ONE PER 1 0 0 0 AUTOMOBILES

Monroe Co. Had 34 Deaths Per 1 000 Cars In 1 929.

Monroe County with a total of 8,4 traffic deaths per luoo motor car regis­trat ion showed the greatest number of motor fatalities "in the 22 counties compris ing the southern portion of Michigan dur ing 1929. Barry county with a total of 0,2 deaths per 1000 cars had the least fatality list, according to H. O. Hounds, safety and traffic director of the Detroit Automobile club.

Oakland county, dur ing the past year, led the list of fatal traffic ac­cidents excluding Wayne county. This county 's automobile regis t ra t ion , how. ever, is 75 percent g rea te r than any of the other count ies and therefore its comparat ive death ra te was lower.

Dur ing the ent i re 12 months of 1*29, only one person was killed in a traffic mishap in Barry counly. Van Buren ran a close second with only three fatalities. Clinton had seven; Eaton, seven; Branch, e ight ; Cass, eight, and Sanilac, nine.

The following table gives the number of fatalities dur ing 1928 and 1929.

COI \T\ ( > : i k l ; i i H l

. M o m Macomb Washtenaw I I I R I K U I I

Berrlexi Kalamazoo Calhoun J a c k s o n St. Clair Lenawee Branch C a s s H i l l s d a l e S a n il::ic St. Joseph Van Buren Barry Baton Livingston C l i n t o n

W a y n e

T o t a l

10211 82 .""1:',

•n;

45 4 i 33 32 2a 26 23 2 1

8

11 9

16 3 1 7

11 7

_ S12 5 3 1

l i en ;

J5I2S Y 1 31 39 46 41 26 36 44 32 2 1 17

7 6 9

10 11 14

5 11 9 6

. . •t:<4 •ISI

9 7 5

In the 21 counties, the average num­ber of auto fatali t ies was .8S in 1929 and .84 in 1928 per 1000 ca r s register­ed. If the 1929 increase is maintain­ed, it will not be long unti l there is 1 au to fatality per year for each 1000 ca r s registered for the 21 counties taken as a whole. Wayne county now has 1.03 fatalit ies per lOOfl cars regis tered.

"Le t us have faith t h a t r igh t • m a k e s migh t ; and in t h a t fai th

let us to the end, d a r e to do our du ty as we u n d e r s t a n d it . '

Very t r u l y yours , Amer ican F a r m B u r e a u Fede ra t ion .

S. II. Thompson , Pres .

Milk or Meat Lofiber supplies more carbohydra tes

than a mixture of equal p a r t s of corn, oats , and bran. It is built to balance pas ture . It has no oat hul ls , screen­ings, or other cheap filler.

It will keep your cows in bet ter con­dition to milk longer. I t lowers milk costs by holding up product ion.

Lofiber lessens fall and win te r feed costs by keeping your cows in bet ter flesh.

Lofibre (H M l A VI ' IOIM) \ \ A L I ' S I S

Protefr (Min.) 16.00% F a t ' . \ 1 i n . ) l . 'Hi ' , . (Carbohydrates... (Min.) 48.00% Fiber (Max.) 9.00% Digestible Protein.. .....13.40%

i \ ( ;u i : i> i i : \T FORMULA ifio lbs. Com Gluten Feed 100 lbs. Corn Gfluten Meal too lbs. Cottonseed Meal—Choice 100 lbs. Linseed Oil Meal—O. P. 160 lies. S t a n d a r d W h e a t M i d d l i n g s 360 11,s. S t a n d a r d W h e a l B r a n .">4n l b s . V e l l o w H o m i n y 320 lbs. Ground Oats I 00 l b s . ( ' a r i e M o l a s s e s

20 l b s S t e a m e d . H o n e M e a l 20 lbs. Calcium Carbonate 20 lbs. Salt

2 0 0 0 l b s . 1111 l b s . T o t a l

c u t s . il>g-estible Xntri-

Lofiber is all ready to feed—it has molasses for ex t ra pala tabi l i ty ; bone-meal for mine ra l s ; and lots of hominy for ca rbohydra tes and a splendid as­sortment of proteins .

Many marke t milkmen fed Lofiber last year—they repor t more milk and more cow left in August than ever be­fore. See your local d is t r ibutor of Farm Bureau supplies.

PRICED RIGHT—TRY IT!

FARM BUREAU SKKVK'FS, INC.

II

Is Your Family Protected? Life insurance is always a protected, guaran­

teed savings account against the time when t h e burdens now borne by you might fall upon your family. Fur the r , it assures comfort in your ad­vanced years.

Is there a mortgage on your farm? Could your family pay it if you Were taken away? What about your children's future'.' Could thei r education be continued? What about yourself as time advances? A State Farm Life Policy meeis all of these prob­lems. It is worth your while to write us for full information.

StateFarm Life Insurance Company Of Bloomington, Il l inois.

MICHIGAN STATE FARM BUREAU, Lansing, Mich., S ta te Agent

llilllll

m T F R P A Y . MAY 21. 2030. MICHIGAN STATE FARM BUREAU NEWS T H R E E

WAYNE COUNTY OUT FOR CONTROL

OF LEGISLATURE Would Amend Constitution

To I ncrease Senate And House.

PROMISE LOWER TAXES

To Signers Of Petitions If The Referendum Is

Successful.

Wool Pool A d v a n c e Is Close To Buyers ' Top (Continued fmm page one).

With city and county public em­ployes whipped into line almost to a man, the Wayne County drive to gain control of all succeeding State Legis­latures has taken definite form and thousands of petit ions are now in cir­culation to wri te an amendment into the State Constitution a t the Novem­ber election tha t will make it possible for the political bosses of the metro­politan distr ict to greatly extend their influence in Lansing through increased representation in both House and Senate.

The necessary 150,000 s ignatures to put the amendment on the ballot in November are being solicited on the plea that an increased Detroit repre­sentation in the Legislature will lead to an adjustment of the tax problem. A statement over the name of Wm, (hitman, Secretary of the Board of County Auditors, and headed, "A Mat­ter of Importance to the County of Wayne," accompanies each petition. The full text follows:

"The Board of Supervisors of the County of Wayne has authorized the circulation of a petit ion which pro­vides for an Amendment to the State Constitution under which the people of Wayne County will secure equal representation in the State Legisla­ture in accordance with the number of its inhabi tants , as determined by the United S ta t e s 'Census .

"Under the t e rms of the existing Constitution, approximately 500,000 inhabitants of this county are with­out representat ion at Lansing, and it is proposed under th is Amendment to so change the law tha t every com­munity in the State may be given fair and equal representat ion when the new legislative dis tr icts a r e re­arranged.

"I t is proposed to in i t ia te this Amendment by petition and to submit it to a vote of the people at the No­vember election next. In order to accomplish th is purpose, approximate­ly 150,000 signatures must be obtained. The concentrated effort of every pub­lic official and the assis tance of every employee in the several county, city and local governments will be re­quired to accomplish th is .

"This change in the law is of great concern to the County of Wayne. It means representat ion at Lansing ac­cording to the population of i ts in­habi tants , and is the first step towards a fair and equitable adjustment of the taxat ion problem.

"We need your co-operation. We need your assistance and the help of your friends in the circulat ion of these petitions. Peti t ions have been pre­pared and are now ready for distri­bution and may be had at the office of the Board of County Auditors, Room 217 County Building, upon ap­plication.

"This petit ion, when finished, should be executed by the Circulator before a Notary Public and should be re­turned before June 1, 1930."

Outstate comments on the new ef­fort of Wayne County to take over the State government scout the idea t h a t any question of fairness is involved. It is generally pointed out tha t the idea of making Legislative represen­tation depend strictly on population is wholly un-American, and tha t in framing the United States Constitu­tion, definite provisions were made to protect the small States agains t the encroachment of t he larger ones by giving each State two Senators, re­gardless of area or population.

Claims that Detroit is under-repre­sented according to population also are met by the reminder tha t the city has a large population of foreign born and others who have never exercised their voting privileges, and many of whom are not even citizens. Increased representation on account of these people would merely mean tha t the present voting class would be over-represented in future legislatures.

School Tax Relief Is Discussed At Lansing (Continued from page one)

t r lcts which over spend. He also ex­pressed the hope that it' a comprehen­sive plan of equalizing school costs is adopted it will he accompanied by economy legislation such as the Fa rm Bureau and many other groups have recommended, so that the final out-come will be a real saving to tax­payers.

An important question will be that of where to get the necessary funds to carry out such a program,, Mr. Newton added, saying that from the point of view of the farmer, the main question is to secure recognition of the State 's duty t o . take fur ther s teps toward equalizing educational costs. He ex­pressed himself as fully convinced that whenever the State recognizee, its duty in this regard the money will be forthcoming and farmers mater ia l ly benefitted by reduced expenses.

Representat ive Charles if. Reed, of Clio, chairman of the joint legislative committee specially appointed to con­sider the question of educational fin­ance was present , with two other members of his committee. Senators Bronson of Battle Creek, and Upjohn ° ' Kalamazoo. Representa t ive Reed spoke before the special commission,

liowing the excessive taxes which local school dis tr icts in his county a re

igan unit , said that the growers in 22 pools in the corporation have pledged some 70,000,000 lbs. of wool on a pooling or market ing contract com­mon to all of them, and that the Cor­poration believes tha t a to ta l of 100,-000,000 lbs. of wool will come into the pools this season for s a l e through the National Wool Market ing Cor­poration. This would mean about one-third of all the wool in the coun­try in the pool the first year, an amount believed sufficient to go far in stabilizing the market .

Cash Advances The National Wool Corp. has select­

ed Draper Bros., of Boston, among the largest handlers of wool in the country, as sales agent for the nation­al pool. The Michigan Ass'n., is mak­ing liberal advances on the various wool grades , as much in some in­s tances as local buyers a r e offering as full purchase price. F inal r e tu rns will be made when wool is sold, less cost of market ing. Following are typical advances :

y2 blood combing 22c x/2 blood clothing 20c % blood combing 22c % blood clothing 21c 14 blood combing 20c % blood clothing 19c Fine Delaine 19c: Fine Clothing 16c Western Wools: % clothing 18c

% half blood 17c

Pooling, Shipping Information For further information on the lit.'!1.'

wool pool, wool market ing contract (which all poolers must sign in ac­cordance with Federal Fa rm Board requirements for recognized co-op­eratives) and wool sacks, write Sec'y., C. I.. Brody at the State Fa rm Bu­reau, 221 North Cedar street, Lansing.

Wool poolers unable to make one of the carlot pooling dates mentioned be­low, should ship (freight collect) or t ruck their wool to the Michigan j Co-operative Wool Marketing Ass'n., warehouse at 1050 Beaubien street, Detroit. If they t ruck it in, they will receive immediate at tention and may see their wool graded.

For information of those who wish to t ruck wool to the Michigan Co-op-., Wool Marketing Ass'n., at 104S Beau­bien street, Detroit. Beaubien runs parallel to Grand River and Michigan. Proceed down Grand River to Vernor street and turn to right on Vernor to Beaubien. Go down Michigan to Ver­nor and turn lefi to Beaubien. Tele­phone number of the Wool Marketing Ass'n., is Randolph 4880. Cach ad­vance will be made all poolers after grading at ra tes mentioned in main wool pool story in this issue.

Wool will be received at State Farm Bureau headquar ters 2>l \ . Cedar street. Laasina, June '2 to .lime 7 in­clusive and only 011 those dates .

CABLOT WOOL POOLING DATES May 27, Tuesday St. Johns Co-op Blev May 28, Wednesday Fowler ( - ( , n p VA^ May 29, Thursday (Manchester R R Track

2 2 9 V ? n l y L a n S i n g Fa rm Bur. 221 X. Cedar June 2, Monday Marcellus Co-op Elev T ^ ! ' Z^eSday Cassopolis Mich. Cent. R. R. June 4, Wednesday Char lo t te Co-op. (Kiev. June 5, Thursday Cressey R R T r a c . k

June 6, Fr iday Dowagiac Co-op. IFlev. J u n e 7, Saturday Climax R R T r a c k

June 9 Monday Milan Wabash R. R. J u n e 10, Tuesday Jackson I u a u i r e Dennis Cobb,

Jackson, R. 5, Jackson T „ „ , , phone. J u n e 11, Wednesday Brooklyn COHDP E l e v

J u n e 12, Thursday Dexter Co-op' Ass'n June ^ - F r i d a y Hillsdale Co-op'. Ass'n'. June 17, Tuesday Union City co-op. (Slev. June 18, Wednesday Coldwater Co-op P lev June 19, Thursday Quincy Co-op (Elev June 20, Fr iday Chelsea R R T r a c k * J u n e 24, Tuesday Oxford Co-op OlftY

POOLING DAThS I N D L R CONSIDERATION L a p e e r - p h o n e F r a n k Myers. Standish, Gladwin and C l a r e - w r i t e Imlay C t t y - p h o n e J. R. Sisson. Michigan State Farm Bureau about Davidson—phone W. W. Billings. .these points.

Gale, State Fa rm Bureau district rep­resentat ive, said tha t the Farm Bu­reau is working with other farm or­ganizations and with city people on Michigan's tax problems. Mason coun-J ty has good community meeting, but this one was dubbed the best of the season.

DISCOVERTlOPCtr SHRINK IN STATE'S

TOWNSHIP ROADS Little Used Roads Are Being

Abandoned In Northern Michigan.

Co-operative Institute At Columbus, In June The sixth annual summer session

uf the American Insti tute of Co-op-'erat ion is to be held at Ohio State Cniversity, Columbus, Ohio. June It; to Ju ly 23.

In 1929 more than 1,3(10 persons from 32 states, Porto Rico, the Philippines, Canada and Germany, a t tended the sessions at Baton Rouge, La. They represented about 12"' co-operatives, including the .Michigan State Farm Bureau and the Michigan Milk, Potato, Elevator. (Live Stock and Fruit market ing ex-changes. Also 17 inst i tut ions of [learning and numerous public and private agencies.

Tlie summer Insti tute meeting is an annual clearing house for co-op-

CORN AND BEANS MOST PROFITABLE

WHEN FERTILIZED Earlier Maturity And Greater

Yields from Fertilized Plants.

"Corn and beans make very profit­able response to fertilizer," says Boyd Rainey, in charge of fertilizer work for F a r m Bureau Services, Inc.

"Ear ly matur i ty oftens means the difference between profit and loss on the crop. If the crop is caught by frost before matur i ty , the yield is cut con­siderably, and the quali ty Of the grain is damaged.

"Nitrogen in fertilizer promotes vig­orous growth . For th is reason some people have the mis taken idea that n i t rogen fertilizer delays matur i ty . This is not the case, providing the ni t rogen added is quickly available. Quickly available ni t rogen applied at t ime of seeding gives the p lant a good boost. Rapid growth dur ing the early p a r t of the season actual ly enables the plant to complete its growth and set seed at an earl ier date than is pos­sible when early growth is stunted through lack of plant food (fert i l izer) .

"Fert i l izer , therefore, is a. valuable asset to the crop from the standpoint of early matur i ty .

"Phosphorus in fertilizer also helps has ten matur i ty . I t s t imula tes root growth which enables the plant to ga ther more food and make more r ap ­id growth.

"Po tash fills a necessary place in all complete fertilizer. I t a ids in the formation of s ta rches and sugar, s t r eng thens the stalk and makes the plant more res is tant to disease.

"The proper combination of these th ree e lements , ni t rogen, phosphorus and potash helps to make the proper set t ing for a profitable crop. As sup­por t of this s ta tement we quote as follows from a recent issue of the Fer t i l izer Review:

"When the farmer 's dollar is invest­ed in commercial fertilizer, it grows to three and one-half dol lars as measured by the value of the crop in­creases , judging from es t imates of thousands of growers of all the im­portant crops grown in this country.

era t ive development and informa­tion. Its speakers and teachers come from th'o Federa l F a r m Board

[/'and all its affiliated co-ops, o ther co-atives th roughout the nation

This s ta tement was made by II. R. Smalley, director of soil-improvement work of the Association, before the recent annual meeting of the Ameri­can Society of Agronomy in Chicago.

"The farmers themselves made these est imates in a survey conducted by the Association in which more than 48,-000 farmers in 35 s ta tes were person­ally interviewed," Mr. Smalley said. One of the 26 quest ions asked in this survey was :

"From your general experience what increases do you expect from the use of fertilizer on your most important c rops?"

"From the average increases re­ported and on the basis of average prices received by farmers for the various crops, the values of the in­creases were determined for all major crops and for many of the minor ones.

"The total amount of fertilizer used in the United States in 1928 was 7,-934,000 tons, which cost farmers ap­proximately $253,000,000. But it pro­duced crop increases worth $8&5,&Q0,-000 or more than three and one-half t imes its cost, the survey revealed.

"Stated in another way", Mr. Smal­ley said, "a ton of average fertilizer costing, let us say $32, may be expect­ed under average farm conditions to produce crop increases worth $113."

225 At Mason Bureau Business Men's Meeting Two hundred twenty-five attended

the recent supper and meeting of the Mason County. F a r m Bureau and the businessmen of Scottville, held at Scottville and given by the business­men.

The food was Mason county grown. Canned goods had been packed by the local canner ies ; bread baked by the local bakers, and the meal was prepar­ed by the busines men's wives and served by their husbands.

President S. Stowell of the business men's association made an address in which he emphasized that the posi-perity of country and town is as im­portant to one a it is to the other, and that mutual unders tanding between town and country is the foundation for successful living. Mr. T. II. Fisher, County Farm Bureau president, re­sponded for the Fa rm Bureau. E. II.

With representat ives of the United i Bureau of Publie Roads at

work in the office of the State High­way Commission at Lansing, the Co­operat ive State and Federal survey of traffic on Michigan roads and Btreetd is now under way and rapid pro-is being made in completing the pre­l iminary ar rangements for traffic counts in all par ts of the state.

Although the survey iias hardly commenced, Victor R. Burton, Deputy State Highway Commissioner reports that the information already fathered shows a surprising decrease in town­ship road mileage below all previous est imates. Incomplete re turns indi­cate that there has been a shrinkage of about 10 per cent in the mileage of this type of road, largely in the north­ern part of the state, and that much of the shrinkage is due to the abandon­ment of unnecessary roads which could not be maintained without un-dii" expense to farmers and other taxpayers in the terr i tory concerned. Commenting upon this question Mr. Burton said:

"The abandonment of township road mileage has taken place chiefly in the regions where lumbering flour­ished in past years and where farm­ers formerly supplied provisions to the camps and often increased their incomes by hiring out to the lumber companies in the winter. With the passing of the lumber camps many of these farms ceased to be profitable and were abandoned. The closing of many of the roads which are no longer needed has been the inevitable result."

I 'nder the direction of L. E. Pea-body, highway economist of the Fed­eral Bureau, locations are being se­lected for intensive study of local rura l traffic in all par ts of the state. These locations are being picked after a scientific analysis of highway and o ther conditions to insure that the dis t r ic ts finally determined upon will be t ru ly representative.

Bureau Collects $1,376 In Railroad Claims

Farm Bureau Traffic Department collected for members and others loss and damage and overcharge claims amount ing to $1,376.37. including $150 to W. E. Hoover of Whitmore Lake for a. horse killed on the railroad: Car Bradford of Sparta. S34.S0 for fire set by rai l road: L. M. ('ahoon. Sara-nac, $80 for loss on live stock; J. H. O'Mealey, Hudson, $38.38, overcharge on car of stock; F. E. Stiles, Hat tie Creek, $19.90, overcharge on live stock.

Last year the difference in dollars and cents between a good laying s t r a in and a poor one at t h e Cornell poul t ry farm amounted to $3.04 a hen. P lay safe and buy well-bred chicks.

When you marke t your stock through a local shipping ass'n which is connected with and sells through the Michigan Live Stock Exchange's co-operative commission houses on the Buf­falo and Detroit t e rminal mar­kets, your stock is in the hands of a friend from beginning to end.

Your local ass 'n, and our men at the te rminal markets are interested in so handling and market ing your stock tha t it will bring you the best re­turn. The business of thous­ands of Michigan, Ohio and Indiana farmers has made us leaders on our respective mar­kets . Try us.

Michigan Livestock Exchange Detroit. Mich,

or

Producers Co-Op Com. Assn. EAST B1TFALO, N. V.

that have informat ion of in teres t to offer, and o thers . This year t he ar­rangements a r e largely in the h a n d s of the Ohio F a r m Bureau IV tion.

Farmers QS\o\e lUutual Rodded Fire (* Insurance Co., oj Itlich ^ ~ N HOME OFFICE-FLINT. MICH

Attention M a y w e offer you t h e a d v a n t a g e s and se rv i ce of t h e S t a t e M u t u a l

R o d d e d F i r e I n s u r a n c e Co. of M i c h i g a n to p r o t e c t y o u r p r o p e r t y a g a i n s t F i r e a n d L i g h t n i n g .

r Over 20,000 M i c h i g a n f a r m e r s a r e w i t h us . M o r e c o m i n g e v e y d a y . I t w o u l d be a p l e a s u r e to f u r n i s h you any d e s i r e d i n f o r m a t i o n .

AV. T. L B W I S , Seo'y, 702 C h u r c h S t r e e t , F l i n t , M i c h i g a n .

" . . . keeps us Well and Strong"

TO profit on your chick investment, start them on the right feed. "More chicks and better chicks, at less cost from Meralmash"—is the verdict from every side. Here's a typical example of a Meral­

mash test at Paw Paw, Mich.:

WEIGHT PER CHICK AT END OF EACH WEEK Feed 1st Week 3d Week 6th Week

Meralmash 2.05 oz. 5.18 oz. IS.65 oz. Other Feed 2.15 oz. 4.80 oz. 10.59 oz.

COST OF FEED, PER CHICK, PFR WEEK Meralmash 11 100 of le LOO uf le I.tot Other Feed G2/100 of lc 1.4«C 2.03c

Total cost of 13.55 <>z. chick on Meralmash _ _ <5.7flc Total cost of 10.59 ox. chick on Other Feed «.53c

First Meralmash rooster crowed at 4 weeks anil 3 days. No rooster on other feed had crowed at 11 weeks.

Meralmash chicks had better color, vigor and feathering than did those given other feed. Meralmash is a 16% protein feed. I t is as good a chick ration as money can buy.

Pasture is here, yes— Plenty of milk . . . but cows in poor condition. Milk production will

drop in a few weeks—UNLESS you balance grass with digestible carbohydrates. Cut down the cost of milk and get the cows in better • condition, with better health—and more profits.

FARM BUREAU LOFIBER is made to balance grass—no oat hulls, screenings or filler. BUY FOOD—NOT FILLER.

See Your Local Distributor of Farm Bureau Supplies

Farm Bureau Services, Inc. Lansing, Michigan ,„,.,,

O U R S E C O N D A N N U A L

MAY TIME BLANKET SALE

r

compelled to pay, and favoring an equalization along the lines laid out by Dr. Mori.

Mrs. Dora II. Stockman, State Lec­tu re r of the Michigan State Grange, told (lie commission that she favored an equalisat ion of school costs , and agreed with Mr. Newton as to the positive duty which the Sta te owes to

{bring this about. She indicated, how­ever, that she thought Mr. Newton had placed more emphasis on the economy side of this proposed legislation than was advisable, saying that distr icts with school tax ra tes runn ing as high as some quoted by other speakers could be depended upon to avoid such high taxes in the future if relieved from the pressure of Sta te require­ments . Mrs. Stockman told the Com­mission she favored an income tax.

1 0 3 105 107

109 211 2 1 3 215

FARM BUREAU OILS Paraffine Base

Dewaxed

Will Solve Your Auto, Truck or Tractor Oil

Problem!

SOP your local distributor of Farm Bureau Supplies for Farm Bureau oils. Sold in 5, 15, 20 and 55 gallon con­tainers, and always at a savings.

wr< - ^

liiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii,

Now—50,000 Policies W R I T T E N I N M I C H I G A N

A FIRE-LIABILITY U T O M O B I L E THEFT-COLLISION

Automobi le accident, collision and theft losses are in­creasing everywhere . ,

Can you afford to drive wi thout p roper protect ion? R e ­member , i t ' s a lways the unexpected tha t happens!

Our dependable, s t rong legal rese rve company provides pro tec t ion against loss b y : Thef t , fire, windstorm, collision, p rope r ty damage and public l iabil i ty. More than 468,000 policies wr i t t en in 24 s ta tes .

Lea rn more about the low, annual ra tes for farm r isks . See our local agent in your communi ty . F o r further infor­mation, wr i te Michigan State F a r m Bureau, Lansing, Mich.

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. of Bloomington, UlinoU

MICHIGAN STATE F A R M B U R E A U . Laming, Mich., State Agent

One of our 70x80 inch double bed b lanke t s .

You may order Farm Bureau all wool, SINGLE or DOUBLE bed blankets now for delivery and payment next September. Last spring more than 1,000 blankets were sold on this plan. Farm Bureau blankets are thick, soft, fleecy, virgin wool, carefully woven.

DOUBLE blankets are 70x80 inches, in large plaids of 10 different (fast) colors, rose and white, t c , bound with 3 inch sateen ribbon. Regularly sold at $1 1.50 each, but during dull summer season for our mill, we can get these blankets made to come to you in September at $8.75 per pair, parcel post pre­paid.

SINGLE blankets are 70x80 inches and of the same quality in every re­spect that the double blankets are. Offered in choice of six solid colors. Regu­larly sold at $9.00 each, bu t you can order them in this sale at $6.35 each, parcel post prepaid for September delivery.

The sale period is May 1 to June I 5. Use the coupon below. We notify you 10 days before shipment next September. Here is an opportunity to get fine blankets at savings of nearly 25 percent. Farm Bureau members entitled to 6 per cent off prices listed.

• ™ , " ^ , , ™ ™ " ™ ™ ^ ~ ™ ™ ^ ™ l ! , , n l ™ ^ , — , B B , ™ , , ™ ™ " " ' ' , ' " — " " " " " ^

Use This Coupon Clothing Department, Michigan Sta te rFarm Bureau , 'Ji-Jl No. Cedar St., Lansing, Mid i .

Date.

Please ship nevt September , as specified below, ... b lanke ts as checked.

" C O M P A N I O N " " M A Y T I M E S P E C I A L " Double blanket, \ u wool, plaid,

70x80, at SS.To. Color wau led is check­ed.

Uose A: While C o m & W h i t e

Single b lanke t . All wool, 70x80, sol-id color al SO.:{.">. ( '(dor w a n t e d is checked.

-Tan A While •

-Black X While-

-Green & While-

-Pink cV White

-Grey ft Whi l e

-Blue A Whi l e

- L a v e n d e r & While

- B e d ft Black

-Blue

-Bose

-Tan

-Lavender

Green

SHIPPING NOTICE!

-Corn

Blankets will he shipped C. < >. D. un­less you wish to mail check when noti­fied about Sept. t to save money order fee. Check below:

Please Ship C. O. !>.

Will Mail Check September 1st.

NAME.

Post Office B. P. 1>. No.

^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ H L

FOIR MTCHTfiAX STATE FARM RT'RE \ U \ K W S SATTRPAY, If AT 24, i93fi

ALFALFA SEEDING INFORMATION GIVEN

BY PROF. RATHER Ample Time Between Now

And August For Favorable Seedings.

are practically equal for the first three years hut the Hardigan appears to be a little longer lived and the better yielder. The seed of Grimm alfalfa is much more plentiful and cheaper.

Next in meri t to the Hardigan and Grimm comes common alfalfa from Michigan, Montana, the Dakota*, Ida­ho and Utah. These s t ra ins a r e not as hardy as Grimm alfalfa but under favorable conditions will give good alfalfa hay crops for :'. to 5 years . The ra te of seeding recommended is 8 to 10 pounds of the Grimm or Hardigan

SUGGESTS F E R T I L I Z E R S and 12 to 15 of the common.

Seed Bed Preparation And; J. W . S i m s T o A d d r e s s Are Hillsdale Co. Meetings Seed Varieties

Discussed.

By PROF. 11. (. RATHER Farm Crops Dep't, Mich. State College

Although the cheaper way to secure seedlings of alfalfa is by seeding it with a companion crop of wheat, oats. or barley, the more certain method, es­pecially when conditions are a bit ad­verse, is to sow alfalfa alone in the summer .

After all, grain crops growing along with tender alfalfa seedlings a re com­pet i tors for soil moisture and the plant food that is immediately avail­able. To be sure, the gra ins are more desirable ;is competi tors than weed growth, but they a re competitors, nevertheless.

However, when the soil is rich, high in lime, and well supplied with mois­ture , the competition is not so keen but what both the grain and the alfal­fa seedlings may be successful. Thus, when such favorable conditions pre-! vail, the seedling of alfalfa along with small grain is the more economical way to get a successful stand.

For Summer Seeding With many of the alfalfa seedings

already made, there is still ample time between now and August 1st for an additional acreage of alfalfa to be seeded under very favorable con­ditions. Some fields intended for al­falfa were not plowed soon enough or were otherwise unsuited for grain production. Some fields are weedy, some fields are light, acid or infertile. Such fields may still be prepared for a good alfalfa stand this season.

Thorough tillage of the land from now until July 15th should completly clean up all annual weeds and even give some of the more t roublesome perennials like quack grass and Cana­da thistle a severe set-back. In the meantime, the soil may be limed if it is now acid. Liming in the spr ing for a summer seeding is much more de­sirable than wait ing until seeding time. Tests with Soiltex, which may be secured from the Soils Depar tment of the Michigan State College, will give a good indication of whether or not an application of lime is necessary, and the amount needed.

Plenty oi Plant Food The farmer who wishes to get the

most out of his alfalfa seeding will do well to see tha t there is plenty of available plant food on which the al­falfa p lants may grow. Successful inoculation of the seed with nitrogen fixing bacteria will provide the n i t ra te which give good alfalfa s tands their rich green color, but alfalfa needs phosphorous and potash as well. Al­falfa uses more potash than most any other field crop and it feeds vigorous­ly on phosphorous as well. In its bulletin on fertilizer recommendat ions for Michigan, the Soils Depar tment of the Michigan State College makes the following recommendat ions for al­falfa:

TYcK OF SOIL

Sands and Light Sandy Loams

No manure or leguminous green manure used within last two years

Clover or alfalfa grown within last two years

Manured within last two years Heavy Sandy Loams. Silt Loams and Clay Loams

No manure or leguminous green manure used within the last two

;irs Clover or alfalfa grown within the last two years

Manured within the last two years Broadcast 300 pounds or more per in or broadcast and worked into th

To subdue thoroughly all weeds the , land should be worked frequently up until seeding t ime with the disc or springtooth har row. This not only destroys weeds, but adds to the mois­tu re holding capacity of the soil. In the case of sand and sandy loam soil the cul t ipacker should be used to firm the seed bed just before seeding, and it may well be used again immediately af terwards to pack the light soil around the seed.

The ideal seeding implement is the alfalfa dril l . This distr ibute* the seed uniformly and covers it nicely to a depth of about one-half inch. The grass seeder a t tachment of the ordi­nary grain drill may be used, or the seed may be broadcast on a harrowed surface, covered with the spike tooth har row, and in the case of light soil packed in with a cul t ipacker .

The seeding should be done by August 1st in most of Michigan, a l ­though if dry weather prevails it may be delayed until August 15th in south­ern Michigan. Seedings later than this do not have time to establish enough of a root reserve and top growth to withstand severe winter condit ions, and a severe winter may starve them out, or the heaving caused by al ter­nate freezing and thawing of early spr ing may ruin the stand.

tot variety the Grimm and the Hardigan are. of course, preferred, re­gardless of soil type. These variet ies have led in over-state tests on light droughty sands and heavy clays. They

Mr. John Sims, fertilizer specialist for the Tennesee Copper and Chemical Co., manufacturers of Farm Bureau Brand fertilizers, is to speak to Hills­dale county farmers on fertilizer, eve­nings at 8 o'clock the week of June 2. Meetings will be held in co-operation with local dis t r ibutors of Farm Bur­eau supplies, as follows:

June 2—Waldron, Raymond Laser, distr ibutor.

J u n e 3—Pittsford. Grange hall. P i t t s -ford Co-op Ass'n, distributor.

June 4—Reading, Reading Co-op, distr ibutor.

June 5—Jonesville. C. S. Bater, dis­t r ibutor .

Mr. Sims was once county agr icul­tural agent for Hillsdale county, and later with Michigan State College as soils specialist.

CALIFORNIA WANTS BANKS PUT BACK

ON TAX ROLLS Escape 90 Per Cent Of Tax By

Franchise Levy Based

On Income.

Classified Ads Classified Advertisements will be

charged at the rate of 5 cents a word. Where the ads are to appear twice, the rate will be 4''2 cents a word and for ads running three times or more, 4 cents a word, each Insertion.

PURE BRED CHICKS 7fcc UP. I V L L -eta 86c up, shipped on approval. K. R, .McKay, Saranac, Mich., bought 1,000 chicks, raise.I -PIS pullets. Made $1. profits in one year. Big type Leghorns, 200 to ~;u large egg breeding. (Barron origin.) Also Barred Rocks. Catalog free, C. < >. I>. shipments. Fail-view Hat<hery, Zeeland, Michigan. Box 1. 4-lltf-60b.

W A N T E D FARM WORK BY Y EA R by y o u n g married man, genera l or dairy farm. Write Royal Bennett, R F D B0, N, ( ' in ter street , Lans ing , Mich, OT call e v e n i n g s , L a n s i n g t e l e ­phone 51-845.

W A N T E D — B U Y K P . S FOR F A R M S — Many e x t r a g o o d barga ins . Let m e k n o w w h a t you w a n t . All k i n d s of c i ty property for sale . L i s t your property w i t h me. I can sell it if priced r ight . Member F a r m Bureau and Orange . F. A. Showerman , P. O. Box 263, 401 Y p s i - A n n Bldg. , A n n Arbor, Mich igan .

WANTED -WORK ON GENERAL farm by year by y o u n g married man wi th t w o chi ldren. Good mechanic . Wri te .1. M. Campbell , care Mich igan Farm Bureau New* or call him at L a n s i n g te lepho

W A N T E D — F A R M WORK BY VKAK it" poss ib le by mature , married man with family . C e n t r a l farm. Has- op­erated farms and has done general farm work, inc luding fruit and truck ra is ing . Knows butcher ing and meat cutting. Can be reached by Lansing telephone 9746 evenings. Write Law­rence Bailey, 1810 North East si Lansing , Michigan.

WANTED A FURNISHED FARM TO work on shares , or as manager , by ex­perienced farmer. Worked «>n farm l i fe t ime until about 7 years ago. Now in factory. About 40 years old, mar­ried, 5 children, one boy 17 years old. Would prefer to rent a farm but would work by the month . Ernest Smith , 803 Randall Ave., Lansing, Michigan.

FOP BALE—86 ACRE FRUIT OR-Chard which inc ludes about 6,000 trees of about ten var i e t i e s of apples. 70 acres in fruit. 16 acres in farm land. Fine b u n g a l o w on place and cement 3 s tory w a r e h o u s e . Located one mile from Powel l , Mich. For further in­format ion wri te Old Kent Rank, Grand Pal)ids, Mich.

FKKTlLlZKK ANALYSIS

0-12-8 or 0-20-20

0-12-8 or 0-20-20

0-12-8 or 0-20-0

0-12-8 or 0-20-20

0-12-8 or 0-20-20

0-20-0

acre . Fert i l izer should be drilled e soil before seeding.

WANTED—FARM WORK BY YEAR on genera l farm by marr ied man w i t h several chi ldren. Can be reached by Paus ing te lephone 2-5757 even ing . Write More 11 L a k e s , 1614 L a n s i n g Ave. , Lansing, Michigan.

Centering their energies upon an ef­fort to put hanks hack on the tax rolls and to further s t rengthen the local budget law which the Farm Bureau

largely ins t rumental in passing, the Executive Committee of the Cali­fornia Farm Bureau Federation on May •;, adopted a tax program design­ed to promote economy and equity in tax matters .

Prevention of what lias amounted to the vir tual exemption of hanks from taxation under the new California cor­poration franchise tax is the featured item in the program. The committee demands the liberalization of the Fed­eral s ta tute which requires that If a s ta te shall tax a national bank by the income tax method it cannot levy per­sonal property taxes on that hank, for ei ther State or local purposes.

At the same time the California committee calls for an amendment of their State laws of 1929 "to provide for the taxation of banks at a pate sufficiently higher than tha t levied on other corporations to counter­balance the advantage otherwise en­joyed through immuni ty from per­sonal taxes."

The action of the California Bureau doubtless results in large measure from a decrease in the short space of one year of 90 per cent in State taxes paid by California banks under the bank and franchise tax, which is a tax measured by income. This act enabled one large banking house to cut its State taxes from $657,000 to the ridiculous figure of $2."), according to Chairman R. E. Collins of the Cali­fornia State Board of Equalization.

Amendment of the County Budget law is demanded, to provide for State supervision and audit , such as was recommended for Michigan by Farm Bureau delegates at East Lansing last February .

Among the last of i tems being held open for further study a re the follow­ing:

"Should the present so-called cor­poration franchise tax levied upon net income be extended to cover all busi­ness including tha t of the corner grocer a n d the farmer?

"Should California adopt a personal income tax? If adopted, should the revenue so raised be retained by the State or allocated to local jurisdic­t ions?

"What can be done to avoid confisca­tion of property under the guise of special assessments?

"How and where can economies be effected in government so that the greatest good will be realized from the dollar spent. '

"How and under what conditions should we use public credit?

"What are the possibilities and l imitat ions of sales and other indi­rect taxes?

"What changes should be made in interest of economy and efficiency in form and functions of government?

FREIGHT RATES O n F a r m Commodi t i e s

Somet imes have overcharge e r ro r s . Do you have your bills a u d i t e d ?

THE TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT Of the Michigan Sta te F a r m Bureau will check up the cha rges on your freight bills; file overcharge c la ims; file loss and d a m a g e c la ims; watch all freight r a tes on your farm products and suppl ies and be your personal r ep resen ta t ive to the ra i l roads . Cla ims col-

I free for paid-up F a r m B u r e a u members . No charge for aud i t ­ing.

Farm Bureau Traffic Department 221-U27 X. Cedar St . Lans ing , Mich.

W A N T E D , LIVE POULTRY, EGGS We specialize in live poul t ry , eggs and veal. Used egg cases

for sa le in lots of t en or more , by freight or express . Also new coops for sale . Shipping t ags and m a r k e t informat ion a r e sen t free for t h e ask ing .

GAMAOCK-WILLIAMS CO. I X C , 2614 Orleans St., De t ro i t

W I N N E R S in the Michigan 300 Bushel Potato Club in 1929

used Farm Bureau Fertilizer. Albert Kipfer, Stephenson, placed first with a yield of 402 bushels per acre. Alphonse Verschure, Manistique, took second place with a yield of 365 bushels per acre. Both of these winners used Farm Bureau Brand Fertilizer. The results speak for themselves.

ood FERTILIZER See your local distributor of Farm

Bureau Fertilizer, or write

Farm Bureau Services, Inc. Lansing, Michigan (F-8)

Mi lk Costs Lowest on Alfalfa

So many Michigan farmers have found that out so that we have more than 600,000 acres of luxuriant al­falfa for pasture and hay as against 79,000 acres 1 1 years ago.

This is a good time to start getting ready for a sum­mer seeding of alfalfa and presently find yourself with a crop that beats all others for the quantities of high quality hay a field will product. Directions are easy:

Prepare a good seed bed. Have it clean from weeds. Lime and fertilize according to Prof. Rather's article in this paper. Between now and August 1 5 sow Farm Bureau Brand alfalfa, which is winter hardy and special­ly selected for Michigan conditions. We stock the recommended varieties for Michigan. See your local distributor of Farm Bureau supplies.

FARM BUREAU SERVICES, INC. Lansing, Michigan

W A N T E D — F A R M WORK ON OEN-eral f:irm by married man. one child. Can be l e a c h e d by Lans ing te lephone .'."si:* e v e n i n g s . Write II. A. Wickman, i:-i, Box (>so, Lansing, Michigan.

WANTED—FARM WORK ON OEN-eral farm by year by married man with two children. Stock farm experj Write Walter Shaves , i ] | 6 Highland St. Lans ing or call Lans ing te lephone

Davenport Has Cow Doing Remarkably Well

Ralph Davenport, one of the good Jersey breeders in Lapeer County. had some very interes t ing data as a result of his work in the Dairy Herd Improvement Association. Mr. Daven­port is a very s t rong advocate of knowing wha t each cow does, both from the viewpoint of feeding more economically and for more profitable production and for the purpose of find­ing any of the visitor cows In his herd and el iminating them. He is using a mixed hay of r a the r poor quality and silage. Mr. Davenport has one pure bred Jersey cow tha t in the past three months has made 210 pounds of but ter fat, with 72 pounds of fat in each of two months and 68 pounds in the third month. The cow was milked hut twice a day for the three months period that the figures are given for.

Mr. Davenport believes in balancing a ra t ion , so with mixed hay, he used 200 pounds of ground oats and 100 pounds of 32 per cent Milkmaker. The amount of grain fed a day was 12 pounds. It meant very economical production, entirely safe feeding and a cow that is going to be able to con­t inue with th is sort of production with only the na tura l drop tha t advance lactation brings.

Mr. Turner , the tester, has been very much interested in what his members are doing in the way of efficient feed­ing and is doing very effective work in balancing the ra t ions for his asso­ciation.

Farm Bureau Chick Feeds, Seeds, Fertilizers Ready

Farm Bureau Chick Starter and Chickalmash are open formula chick feeds built on State College recommendations. They represent the best feeding knowledge. They produce remarkably good results.

You get winter hardiness, high purity, germination and vitality in Farm Bu­reau, Michigan adapted clover and alfalfa seed. They produce stands that grow and endure.

Farm Bureau fertilizers employe only water soluble carriers of nitrogen (quickly available), and the best acid phosphate and potash. Finely ground and extra dry to insure easy drilling and regulating. Ask for Farm Bureau

SEEDS -DAIRY and POULTRY FEEDS —FERTILIZERS —OIL —COAL

HON \H< II BALLOON

From Factory To You

Pure rubbe r , direct from p lan ta t ions—ex­tra heavy cords—firs t qual i ty long s taple cotton m a k e

Monarch Tires and Tubes

A first l ine, super -product , comparab le only with t h e best . W e offer t h e m deliver­ed to your door at a subs t an t i a l savings. Ask your F a r m Bureau d i s t r ibu to r about Monarch t i res and tubes . All sizes in high p ressure , bal loons and t ruck Urea avai lable .

FARM BUREAU SERVICES, INC., Lansing, .Michigan

Akron—V. II. Local—Hoy Scears Albion Elev . Co. A l l egan P a r m m Co-op Alto Co-op Creamery Amble Mktj;. Ass 'n Ann Arbor—(him, McCalln At lanta—M. C. Doty Store A n n u m — F a r o w n Co-op I nion Avoca—Kerr A Coll ins Had A x e F a r m e r s Kiev. Bancrof t—E. A. Wal t er Bangor Fruit Grower), l lvch, l lnrr>(on Co-op. Ass'n Batav la Co-op. Co. l lnth—II. II. f i e r c e l lnt t le Creek F. 11. Ass-'n Bay C i t y — f a r m e r a Union, J o h n N'ieg-

ler, It No. r, I leaverton—Sam Aseli F e e d Store l le l laire Farmer* Mktg. Aas'n Be l l evue Co-op A.HS'II Benton Center Fru i t Kxch. Belding Mktg. Aas'n Bijr Rapid* Co-op Hide. A u ' n Heiilali—The Benzie Co. B l a i n e — F d w . O'Connor Blanehard \ \ a r e h o u s e Ass'n Hoyne City Co-op Mktg. Rr idgewntc r—Farmer* I'rodnee Co. I l r i l lon—Paul Clement Broiison Co-op Co. Brooklyn Co-op Ass'n B r o w n City Co-op Co.—If. Brook* Brunswick—Tri County Mktc . Ass'n B u c k l e y — F a r m e r s Co-op Mere. Co. Buchanan—St . J o e Val ley Sh ipp ing

Ass'n Burr Onk Co-op Ass'n Byron—J. Fred Smith Byron Center Co-op Cadil lac Co-op Mktu. Ass'n < .illmn«. Farm Bureau Ass'n Caledonia F a r m e r s Kiev. Capae—(hn«. F. St lehr Cnro Parmer* Co-op Kiev. Caraonvil le P. B . Local Caaa C i t y — f a r m e r * Produce Co. Cass City—Grepnleaf P. B. Local CassopoUs—Central FarmerN Aaa'n Cedar Produce Exch . Cedar Spring;*—Harry S h a w Centervi l le Co-op Aaa'n Central Lake H k t g . A***n C h a r l o t t i — f a r m e r * Kiev. Co. Charlotte—L. C. Kl ine . B. So. 10 Charlevoix Co-op A**'n Cheboygan—S. A. Cain Cne*an lns—Deb . Terry Chelae*—P. W. -Merkel C l a r e — f a r m e r * Ind. Prod. Co. ClnrkMville Co-op Kiev. C l i m a x — f r a n k Gerry Cl io—Wil l C. Pr ice Coldwnter Co-op. Co. Coleman f. II. Kiev. Aaa'n Colomn—Berrien Co. Fruit Kxch. Colon Kiev. Co. Columbia vi He—Bent t ie Broa. Concord Co-op Co. Concord—Henry Hiitehina CoiiMtantine Co-op. Aa*'n Copemi.*h—Oneknmn f a r m Bureau Coopersvi l le Co-op. Croswel l Co-op i'o. Ctiater—Klmer MeKenxle Dav i son—Bert S t i m s o n Decatur Kiev. Co. Decker f a r m Bureau Beekerv l l l e f a r m Bureau Deerfield Co-op. Aaa'n. Delord—ESldon Bruce D e l t o t i f . I I . K i e v . D e x t e r A g r ' l . A * * ' n . Dowter f a r m Bureau Kxch. Hos ier—John C. Ki l l i ck Dorr—Salem Co-op \ s* 'n D o w a g t a e f a r m e r * C o - o p . Ka*t Jordan Co-op. AHM'II. Baton Hlipid* Co-op. \ * * ' n . Kail Claire f a r m e r * Kxch.

Kdmore Mktg . Aaa'n. Klkton Co-op F a r m Prod. Co. Clk Rapids Co-op Mktg. Aaa'n E l l s w o r t h Co-op. AHM'II. flmir.-i W a r e h o u s e Co. Klaie—II. f. Lewi* K s s e x v i l l e — B a y Co. I'armera I 'nion Kvnrt >lktu\ AHS'II. Fa ir -grove—Frank Croaby F a i r g m v c — O t t o Hon lei F a l m o u t h Co-op Ass'n F e n n v l l l e P . B. Co-op. Aaa'n. I 'eutou—J. B. H o f f m a n I'VnwIck Mktg . Ass'n. F i fe l a k e — C l e a n e r * f a r m e r * Prod. Co. f l i n t — Harry Jennii in*. H .No. 1 F l in t—J. H. Tay lor . B. No. :! F o w l e r — F a r m e r * Co-op. E l e v . P o w l e r v l l l e f a r m e r * Co-op. f r a n k e i i i u u t h F a r m Bureau Frceport Co-op. Creamery Freesotl—I. \V. Bennett at Co. F r e m o n t Co-op. I'rod. Co. f r u i t p o r t — W a l t e r B. f a r r f n i t o n — A . F . Coilmnn G a g e t o w n Loca l—John F o u r n l e r Gal lon—Lynn J. Pardee Gay lord—Otsego Co. Co-op. Aaa'n. (Had w i n — F a r m e r * Ship. Aaa'n. Gdodella—I,. Q. Haskell Goodrich—Geo. Kndera f i o w e n M k t g . Ass 'n . Grand B lanc Co-op. Kiev. Co. Grand H a v e n f a r m Bureau Grand Junction Isadore Bean l id . Ledge Produce Supply Gd. Rapid* Grower*, inc. Grass Lake F a r m e r s Kiev. (•rant Creamery Co. Gray l ing—Crawford Co-op. M k t g . Greenville Co-op. Ass'n, H a m i l t o n f a r m B u r e a u Harbor Bench—Geo. \ \ ruble, It No. 2 Harr iaon Kiev. Co. H a r t — f a r m Bureau Supply S t o r e H art lord <. leaner* Kiev. Co. Haslet t Kiev. Ass'n. H a s t i n g s Co-op. Kiev. Aaa'n. H a r v a r d Mkt jc . A N N ' I I H i g h l a n d Producers Aaa'n. H l l l m a n E lev . Co. Hol land Co-op. Co. H o l l y t .rain A I'rod. Aaa'n. H o m e r Farmer* Kiev . Co. J lopkin* Co-op. Creamery H o w e l l — L i v i n g s t o n Co-op. Aaa'n. Hemlock Co-op Crenmery l l e r * e y Produce AMN'II H u d s o n — F a r m e r s Co-op. Aaa'n. l l u d s o n v i l l e — I'armera Co-op E l e v . Ida Co-op. Kiev. Co. I o n i a — J o n a t h a n H a l e A Son Ionia—Mark YVenthrook I thaca—Otto \V. P i n o Jnckaon—Geo. Loomi*. B . N'o. 6 J a n e s Co-op. Aaa'n. Jonesv i l l e—Gri l l l l d w e . Co.

L e w i s t o n Mktg . Ass'n. Linden—Clans T iedemnn U n w o o d — M . A. f a r s o n * Li tchf ie ld Shipping Aaa'n. Ll id ington Fruit Kxch. L u t h e r — F . A. Smith P r o d u c e Co. McBain—Farmera W a r e h o u s e Co. MeBrlde Mktg. Ass'n McGregor F a r m Bureau Mance lona—Fred Uobbyn Mniicelomi Mktg . Aaa'n. Manches t er—W. J. Hof fer Maple R a p i d s — B a r k e r & S k n t t Mnree l lns—Four t o . Co-op. Marine City F a r m Co-op. Marion Produce Co. M a r l e t t e F a r m e r * Co-op E l e v . Mar i i f—Ber l in Co-op Co. Mart in Farmera Co-op Kxch. M a s o n — B e m e n t F e e d A Sup. Serv ice M a y b e e F a r m Bureau Memphis Co-op. Co. Mentha—A. M. Todd * Co. Merri l l—Chas . B o w M e t a m o r a — H a d l e y Meta inora A g r l

Aaa'n. Middie ton F a r m e r s Kiev . Middlev i l l e Co-op. Aaa'n. .Midland—Farm Bureau Sup. Store M i l a n — H e n r y Hart man Milford—Gordon W a y , R No. 3 Mi l lburg Fru i t Growera M l l l l n g t o n F a r m Bureau Local Miuden City—I'armera E l e v . Co. Mol ine Co-op Co. Monroe F a r m Bureau Local M o n t g o m e r y — T r i State Co-op Aaa'n M o n t a g u e — W h i t e Lake Mktg . Aaa'n. Mt. C l e m e n * — f a r m e r a Mi l l ing Co. Mt. Clemens—II . H. O'Mara, F l a t Iron

B l d g . Mt. F o r r e s t — B . K. W e l c h l l Mt. Pleasant Co-op. Co. Miiuitli—A. G. Moecke l Mi iu i th—E. J . Muabarh Naahv i l l e Farmera E l e v . Ncssen C i t y — B u c k l e y Mktg . Aaa'n. N e w Ba l t imore—Toach E l e v . Co. N e w H a v e n Farmera E l e v . N e w Lothrop—G. C. D i l l on \ i l e s — S t . Joe Val l ey Slips;. Aaa'n. North Adam* Co-op. As*'n. North Adam*—I". I. Wi l l i am* A Son North Branch Co-op Store N o r t h p o r t — L e e l a n a u T w p . F a r m e r s

Club North S t a r — B o y W o l f e N o r t h S t r e e t — G a y B. Slacho Okemoa E l e v . Co. Oneknmn F a r m Bureau OrtonvIIle Ship. Aaa'n. Ov id—Rudolph B u e h l e r Ovid— L. F i s h Ovid—Don Smith , B No. J O w e n d a l e . l a m e * A n i o t t O w e n d a l e — J o h n Gett lea O w o s s o — J . II. Benrdalee A Son O w o s s o — f a r m e r s Co-op Kiev. Oxford Co-op. E lev . Co.

P r a t t v i l l e Co-op. Aaa'n. l 'reacott Co-op. Aaa'n. Q u i n e y Co-op Co.

R a v e n n a Inc. But ter Co. R e n d i n g Co-op C o m m e r c e Co. It emu* Co-op. Creamery B e e s e Farmera E l e v a t o r . Rich land—Cash Biase l l Rich land—C. B. K a p p e n Kich in ond—Fred W e e k s R i v e s J e t . — B i v e s Co-op. Aaa'n. R o c h e s t e r Farmera E l e v . Hockford Co-op. Co. R o d n e y Co-op. Aaa'n. R o g e r s City Co-op M k t g . Aaa'n. R o m u l u s — A . F . K l a g e s Roscommon—Car l Carlson S a g i n a w — F . B. Sup. S tore Sa l ine Mercant i l e Co. S a n d u s k y — W a t e r t o w u Co-op Co. S a n d u s k y — P e a r l W e d g e Saranae—Fred E . Cahoon S a u g n t u c k F r u i t E x c h . S a w y e r — S t . Joe . Mich. F r u i t Aaa'n S e b e w a i n g — J . c . L i k e n A Co. S c h o o l c r a f t — H a r v e y A S t u a r t S c o t t s — W a l t e r I lorafa l l Sco t tv i l l e—Mason Co. Co-op Aas'n She lby N e w E r a Mktg . Aaa'n. She lbyv i l l e—Mart in F a r m e r s Co-op.

Aas'n. Shepherd Co-op. Sh ipg . Ass 'n . Sher idan P r o d u c e Co. S h e r w o o d — S e l b y A Son S idney Mktg . Ass 'n . S i lverwood—M. D. L y n c h Six L a k e s Mktg . Ass 'n . Smi th Creek—B. H. A II. E . Neal Snover Co-op Kiev. Co. Sod us Frui t Ass 'n So. H a v e n F r n i t Kxch . So. Lyons—J. B. Calhoun Sparta Co-op. M k t g . S p r i n g p o r t — ( r o e I E l e v . Co. S t a n t o n E lev . Co. S t a u w o o d Co-op Ass 'n St. Clair—John Man Co. S t e v e n s vi He—St. J o s e p h F r u i t Aaa'n S t e r l i n g — F a r m e r a Co-op Aaa'n St. J o h n s Agr'l Aaa'n St. Loui* Co-op Creamery Co. St. L o u i s — F . L. Sonley S t o c k b r i d g e — J o h n A n d e r s o n , R Jio. 4 s turn i s Grain Co. Suaf i e ld—Fred Jnckaon Sut ton* B a y — L e e l a n a u P o t a t o G r o w ­

e r s Aas'n. Swar t* Creek—Wilbur II.

K a l a m a z o o — f a r m e r * Prod. Co. K a l a m a z o o — K. W. Kirk l iu Kalamaaeo—K. w . Sonthworth, R So. 6 Peliston—J. Kent City f a r m Bureau P e r r y — C . II

P a r m a Co-op E l e v . f a r i n a — F red Sackrlder P a w P a w Co-op. Ass'n.

). Robinson Arnold

K n w k n w l i n — C . P. Schmidt K i n g s l e y Co-op Ass 'n

P e t e r s b u r g — F a r m e r s Mktg . A Sup. Co. P e t o s k e y Produce Co. P i g e o n — C o - o p Kiev. A Mi l l ing Ass'n

L a k e Ann Co-op . Aaa'n. P i i i e k n c y — J . B. Livermore A Sons Lake Ci ty—Knoeh Adam*. R No. 2 P i t t s ford Co-op. Aas'n. Lake L e e l a n a u — P r o v e u i o n t Co-op M k t g P l n i n w e l l Co-op. I'o. Ass'n L a k e Odessa Co-op. I .akev iew Mktgr> Ass 'n . Lansi i iK—Farm Bureau Supply Store Lapeer—Clinton F. Smith Lawrence Co-op. Co. Lemion—Karl West Lowel l—It . II. Dav i s , R No. S l .eroy Mktg . Ass 'n .

P l y m o u t h — L e v i Clemen*. R N'o. !i P n n t i a c — W a t e r f o r d Farm Sup. Co. Port H o p e — f a r m e r * Co-op. Ann'ii. Port H u r o n — f a r m Bureau Feed Store Port Huron—I*. M. Stein Port land f a r m Bureau Kiev. P r o v e m o n t Co-op Ass 'n—Lake Lee la -

van . P u l l m a n Farmera Co-op.

Short Tekonsh . i Farmera Co-op Co. T e m p e r a n c e — K r i e F. B. Co-op T h r e e Oaks Shipg. Aas'n Three Rivera Co-op K x c h n n g e T r a v e r s e Ci ty—Farmera Co-op Aaa'n T r a v e r s e t i ty—Rut hard t Growera Aaa'n Trufai i t F a r m Bureau Tusco la Milk Product s Co. Tiis t in Co-op Ship. Ass 'n

• ' » l y — J . K . B u k n w s k l Union c i t y Co-op I n lonv i l l e—Farmera E l e v . Co. Vaaanr—G. K. Thnraton \ c r n o n — W . II. S h e r m a n V e s t u h u r g Mktg . A s s ' n

W a s h i n g t o n Co-op Co. W a r r e n Co-op Co. W n y l a n d — F r e d II. H l l b e r t W e s t Branch Co-op E l e v . W h i t t e m o r e — I o s c o Kiev. Aaa'n W h i t e ( l o u d Co-op W h i t e P i g e o n Co-op Aaa'n Wl l l l amaton—J. W . W a g n e r , R - 2 W i l l i s—Gorton A W r i g h t W o o d l a n d — f a r m B u r e a u Supply Store Tale Kiev. Co. 1 psi lant i F. B. Aaa'n

Zeeland Farmera Co-op.

Farm Bureau Services, Inc. 221 N. Cedar Street LANSING, MICHIGAN