journal #11
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Journal #11. Dissenters – people who disagree with official opinions Covenant – sacred agreement Proprietors – owners Get out your Vocab drawings and have them on your desk. Announcements. Test Results (Class Averages) 2 nd Hour 76.1 – 5 yards 4 th Hour 72.7 1 st Hour 70.6 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Journal #11Dissenters – people who disagree with
official opinions
Covenant – sacred agreement
Proprietors – owners
Get out your Vocab drawings and have them on your desk
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Announcements Test Results (Class Averages)
2nd Hour 76.1 – 5 yards 4th Hour 72.7 1st Hour 70.6
If test scores do not go up on the written section you will lose the privilege of your review sheet
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The Colonies from New England to Georgia
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Bonus Questions
Who were the Pilgrims? What was their first ship? Where did they land?
What were the 3 problems with the Jamestown settlement?
How did Jamestown finally become profitable (make money)?
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The Great Migration England experiences an economic downturn in the
1620s
At the same time the Church of England starts to punish Puritans for being dissenters
These problems led to the Great Migration Between 1630 and 1640 over 40,000 English emigrants moved
overseas Mostly to the Caribbean and New England
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The Massachusetts Bay Colony
In 1629, a group of Puritans and merchants plan a Puritan colony
They land in Massachusetts in 1630 led by John Winthrop
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The Puritans
Were well prepared to start their colony They brought lots of tools and livestock They could trade with Plymouth A healthier climate than Virginia
By the end of 1630 over 1,000 men, women, and children came to New England Towns: Salem, Mystic, Newton, Watertown, and
the main city and capital Boston
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Government in New England
Puritan governments were closely linked to the church – only male church members could vote
In 1636, a minister named Thomas Hooker decided to leave Massachusetts to found Connecticut
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Thomas Hooker In 1639 he helped write the
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut which made Connecticut’s government more democratic
“The father of American democracy” – His ideas include Voting rights for a larger group of
people A government that must answer to
the people To set limitations on power through
elections
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Daily Life and Customs
Centered on religion, everyone attended church – 2 sermons every Sunday
Life was much more stable than in Virginia Most people in Virginia were wealthy or poor while
people in New England were usually in between People in New England grew crops to eat not to
sell, they didn’t need as many workers (slaves) Family was important Education was more important in New England,
most could read (Harvard was founded in 1636)
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Dissent in Massachusetts
Not all Puritans agreed on everything
Roger Williams did not agree with the leadership of Massachusetts or like that the colony took land from Native Americans
Williams is forced to leave for spreading “diverse, new, and dangerous opinions,” he starts his own colony called Providence (later Rhode Island) based upon 2 principles1. Religious tolerance as long as it is
separate from government2. Fair dealings with Native Americans
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Dissent in Massachusetts In Boston, Anne
Hutchinson angered the Puritan leaders by publicly discussing her “radical” ideas
Hutchinson is forced out of the colony and starts her own colony (Portsmouth)
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The Salem Witch TrialsWhen: In the early 1690s
What: A series of trials in which young girls accused women of casting spells on them
Why: This led to 19 women being put to death, many church leaders later regretted their actions
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The Southern and Middle Colonies3.4
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Maryland Many English Catholics came
to America to escape religious persecution
In 1632 Cecilius Calvert, AKA Lord Baltimore was given a charter to found a new colony He was a proprietor he did not
go to this colony
The colony is a refuge for English Catholics – it is named Maryland after Queen Henrietta Maria
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Maryland
Was located just north of Virginia in the Chesapeake Bay area
Protestants begin moving to Maryland in the 1640s – conflict arises
To reduce tension, Lord Baltimore gets the Toleration Act of 1649 passed It makes restricting religious rights a crimeOne of the first laws supporting religious tolerance
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The Carolinas In 1663 King Charles II gave the land between Virginia
and Spanish Florida to 8 men
They called it Carolina – which is a Latin form of Charles
Because the area was too big to govern, it is split into two colonies in 1712 – North and South
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The Carolinas
North Carolina had few plantations
Rice production in South Carolina required a lot of labor By 1730 there are 20,000 slaves and 10,000 free
whites It is the only colony with more slaves than whites
The British government buys North and South Carolina from proprietors in the early 1700s
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The Diversity of New York and New Jersey
The Dutch originally founded New Netherland on Manhattan Island in 1613
Cheap land and religious tolerance brought Jews, French, Puritans and others to New Netherland
In 1664, the English took control of new Netherland and renamed it New York
The fur trade and wheat production were important to the economy
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New Jersey
Was created in 1664 between the Hudson and Delaware rivers
It also had a diverse population of Dutch, Swedes, Finns, and Scots
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Pennsylvania
Quakers were one of the largest religious groups in New Jersey They rejected formal religious practices Believed in nonviolence and religious tolerance
Because of their beliefs they were persecuted in England and in the colonies
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William Penn Was a Quaker from New Jersey
He wanted to establish a larger colony that would be a safe home for Quakers, he helps to establish Pennsylvania in 1681
Pennsylvania grew rapidly because of its fair laws and low land prices
Penn named the capital of his colony Philadelphia, or the city of brotherly love.
He laid out the city himself in a checkerboard pattern that became a model for future city planners
Penn bought Delaware in 1682, it was part of Pennsylvania until 1776
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Georgia
In 1732 King George II granted a charter to establish a colony between South Carolina and Spanish Florida James Oglethorpe was its founder The King wanted this colony to be a shield between the English and
Spanish colonies
This colony was for poor English citizens including some who had been in jail for unpaid debts
Oglethorpe and 120 others found Savannah, GA on the coast in 1733
Originally Oglethorpe outlawed slavery to avoid large plantations with wealthy land owners
In 1752 Georgia became a royal colony and was soon filled with large rice plantations and thousands of slaves