JOURNAL Is it better to be feared or loved?

Why? (8 sent)

SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS Family Schools/Education Religion Economic Systems Political Systems

POLITICAL & ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS

Chapter 13P. 424-456

POWER & AUTHORITY

Ch. 13.1P. 424-432Learning Objective: Be able to differentiate various types of power

POWER & AUTHORITY Power: Ability to control others

Use looks, charm, speaking ability Use physical force & threats (coercion)

Coercive governments typically unstable Authority: power that is accepted as

legitimate Functional and stable governments

TYPES OF AUTHORITY Charismatic Traditional Rational-legal

CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY Authority that comes from a

person’s personality Difficult to transfer power to

another person

TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY Authority came from custom/tradition More stable than charismatic authority Example: kingdoms/royalty, dynasties

RATIONAL-LEGAL AUTHORITY Power is in the office, not the people Used by most modern governments Limits to power bound by expectations

of their job/office

POLITICAL SYSTEMS Authoritarian Totalitarian Democratic

TOTALITARIAN A ruler with absolute power tries to

control all aspects of society 1 political party Control over communication systems,

military, & economy Examples: Nazi Germany, USSR

AUTHORITARIANISM Controlled by elected or non-elected

people who allow for some individual freedom

Middle ground, leans more totalitarian Example: Fidel Castro/Cuba

DEMOCRATIC Direct democracy (pure democracy)

Citizens vote directly, no representatives Representative democracy

Use of elected officials to make decisions Too many people to have them all

participate If elected officials don’t comply with

peoples’ wishes, won’t win again

STUDENT POLL Vote for which pizza you prefer:

Pizza Hut Domino’s Papa John’s p.g/tie Dominos p. H

**Like literally, take a white board marker and put a tally on the board**

AUTHORITARIANPROS CONS

Make decisions quickly in order to “get things done” Ex: following orders in the

military Not influenced by

“special interest” groups

Social and economic institutions not under gov’t control

Utilizes fear tactics Heavy investment in

military No “spread of powers”

so all decisions go through central gov’t

Corruption

TOTALITARIAN (DICTATORSHIP)PROS CONS

Ability to change laws, economy, etc

No political fighting Quick decisions can be

made (efficient) Easy to identify leader

of the nation (representative on the global stage)

No freedoms for the people (speech, religion, press, etc)

Single-minded Inability to make

changes (opinion would go against person in charge)

Use of power by one in charge could lead to punitive laws**EXTREME AUTHORITARIANISM**

DEMOCRACY (REPRESENTATIVE)PROS CONS

Limits potential of corruption

Ability to change policies or leadership without violent overthrows

Stability Citizens able to express

themselves (peacefully) and participate equally

Bureaucratic process is very slow (inefficient)

Minorities typically lose out to will of majority

Turnover rate Influence of special

interests (more money, more influence)

Accountability

POLITICAL POWER

Ch. 13.2P. 433-439Learning Objective: Difference between pluralism & elitism

GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITIES Equality, safety, services for citizens

domestically & abroad Protection and proper use of national

interests and resources

Keeping the status quo????

Why is it important to have citizens believe they have an impact on

politics?

PLURALISM Political decisions come from

compromise and bargains of special interest groups

Interest group: organized group used to influence political decisions

Utilizes functionalist perspective in what is best for the entire society

Power is widely distributed

ELITISM Def: society is controlled by a few

individuals or groups Come from similar backgrounds Use power to keep themselves in power Based on CONFLICT perspective POWER ELITE!!!!

C. Wright Mills Top military, government, & corporate

leaders

JOURNAL OF THE DAY Which is better for society, individual

freedom or ensuring everyone is equal? (6 sent)

ECONOMIC SYSTEMS

Ch. 13.3P. 440-445Learning Objective: Difference between Capitalist & Socialist economies.

DEFINITION OF CAPITALISM an economic system investment in and ownership of the means

of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations

Government role is regulation in order to protect consumers/public

DEFINITION OF SOCIALISM Government ownership and

administration of the means of production and distribution of goods

A system of society or group living in which there is not private property

A system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state

WHERE IN THE WORLD ARE…?Capitalist countries: America Canada Brazil Japan Mexico

Socialist countries: Cuba Saudia Arabia Iran North Korea Burma

MIXED ECONOMY An economy in which some industries

are privately owned and others are publicly owned or nationalized

Many capitalist economies are mixed economies (some capitalism and some socialism)

PROS AND CONS OF CAPITALISMPros Competition to provide goods and services keeps

prices low Rewards hard work Provides choice Allows for the building up of wealth and possessions Consumers regulate the market

Cons Exploits people who cannot compete Uneven distribution of wealth Creates a money-oriented society Constant economic growth may deplete the earth’s

resources Not focused on needs of society

PROBLEMS WITH CAPITALISM Monopolies

Control over a market by one company Oligopolies

A few companies/groups work together to control market Both limit a consumers options and choices

http://www.policymic.com/articles/87719/princeton-concludes-what-kind-of-government-america-really-has-and-it-s-not-a-democracy?utm_source=policymicFB&utm_medium=main&utm_campaign=social

PROS AND CONS OF SOCIALISMPros All members share benefits Those who cannot contribute may still participate (disabled,

elderly) Each member’s survival needs are met Equal distribution of wealth No socioeconomic classes

Cons No incentive to work harder No competition means no reward to be innovative New members to the community (immigrants) are

seen as competition for limited goods and services Higher taxes

WHICH IS BEST: CAPITALIST ECONOMY, SOCIALIST ECONOMY, OR A MIXED ECONOMY?

A free market exists with some regulation by the government

People can create their own businesses and make a profit

All businesses pay taxes, which benefit everyone

GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIZED PROGRAMS Postal service Rail lines Libraries Health care Social programs Roads Infrastructure (bridges, freeways, etc.) Can you think of any others?

JOURNAL What is Labor Day and why does it

exist? (6 sentences)

WHERE DOES COMMUNISM FIT IN?

COMMUNISM “NEEDS” SOCIALISM “DEEDS”

Political system No religion Provide for needs

without using money; collectively owned

NO LEADER NO SOCIAL CLASSES

Economic system Freedom of religion Means of production

owned by public enterprise, controlled by workers

Able to be used in various political systems

Classes exist, roles diminished

p. 381 # 1-12 p. 395 # 2 p. 398 # 1 & 2 p. 417 # 12 & 14 p. 431 # 1 & 4 p. 439 # 2 & 3 p. 457 # 1-8, 11