journal aes volumen 25-29

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERIN6 SOCIETY VOLUME 25 NUMBER 112 JANUARYIFEBRUARY 1977

ARTICLES

Impulse Testing and Peak Clipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. Preis 2

Analysis of Decoupled-Cone Loudspeakers . . . . . . . . . . James M. Kates 15

Acoustical Impedance, and the Theory of Horns and of the Phonograph (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arthur Gordon Webster 24

PROJECT NOTESIENGINEERING BRIEFS

Ambience-Related Transmission Systems Hans Lauterslager and Peter H. C. Nuyten 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Instrument Isolation for Multiple Track Recording . . . . . . . M. Rettinger 34

FORUM

Far-Field Placement of Mono Microphones . . . . . . . . . . . . . James B. Lee 38

DEPARTMENTS

Standards Update: IEC Meeting Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Notes, Ottawa Meeting . . . . . . . 40 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 71

56th Convention Preview . . . . . 44 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 72 56th Technical Sessions . . . . . 48 Membership Information . . . . . . 74 56th Exhibit Previews . . . . . . . . 55 Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

EDITORIAL STAFF Harry F. Olson Editor Emeritus

Robert 0 . Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Harvey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg Shochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Editorial Associate Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy 1. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz I?. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~o Engineerlng Society. Volume 25, No. 112, JanualyFebruaty 1977. Published monthly except JanuatylFebruary and Juy!August when publ~shed bl-monthly. by the Audlo Englneerlng Soc~ety and supplled to all members In good standing. Pubiicat~on and Executive Offices, Lincoin Bullding, 60 East 42nd Street, New York. N Y 1001 7. Second class postage pald at New York, N Y and at addlllonai ma~llng offices Subscrlpt~on lo nonmembers. $35.00 domestic. $45 00 forelgn. All materlai published In thls journal IS copyr~ghted c, 1977 by the Aud~o Englneerlng Soclety and all rights reserved Inquiries should be sent to the Pubitcat~ons Offices at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and its cover design have been registered as a trademark In the Unlteci States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUD10 ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO d ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 25 NUMBER 3 MARCH 1977

ARTICLES Fast Room Acoustic Analyzer (FRA) Using Public Telephone Line

and Computer T. Ken Matsudaira, Tadasni Takise, Keisuke Sekiguchi, and Osarnu Yamaguchi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

A Dynamic Noise Reducer for Sum-Difference Multiplex Systems Richard C. Cabot 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

PROJECT NOTESIENGINEERING BRIEFS The RCA Quadulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. A. Bogantz and J. F. 'flells 99

Communication System for a Performing Arts Center Philip B. Clark and David R. Torrey 106 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COMMUNICATIONS Transistors Can Sound Better Than Tubes

Dwight 0. Monteith, Jr,, and Richard R. Flowers 1 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comments on "Transistors Can Sound Better Than Tubes" Russell 0. Hamm 119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FORUM Comments on "The Use of Fibrous Materials in Loudspeaker

Enclosures" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. Catrysse 121

Reply to Comments on "The Use of Fibrous Materials in Loudspeaker Enclosures" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. J. S. Bradbury 122

Teaching the Physics of Hi-Fidelity (Reprint) Kenneth W. Johnson, Willard W. Walker, Raiph Harper, and Arthur Adams 322

FEATURE Am I Too Loud? (A Symposium on Rock Music and Noise-Induced

Hearinghoss) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings 151 Shopping the Audio Market 159

. . . . . . . . News of the Sections 152 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . 162 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track 156 Membership Information 163

In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167


Robert 8. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Harvey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg StocRmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Editorjal Associate Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder 8. Blesser M. B. Gardner 9. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W, Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy I. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood 4. G. McKnight E. L. Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen d. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Society. Volume 25, No 3, March 1977. Published monthly except JanuarylFebruary and .lulylAugust when published bl-monthly, by the Aud~o Engineer~ng Society and supplied to all members ingoodstanding Publication avd Executive Offices, Lincoln Bullding, 60 Easi42na Streel. New York. N.Y ! O O l 7 . Second class postage paid at New York, N Y and at additional mailing offices Subscription to nonmembers. $35.00 domestic. $45.00foreign All rnaterlal published in this journal is copyrighted @ 1977 by the Audio Engineering Society and all rights reserved. Inqutries should be sent to the Publ~cations Off~ces at the address above. She "Journal o f the Audio Engineering Society' and lts cover design have been registered as a trademark In the Unrted States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Dewitt F. Morris Admissions

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 25 NUMBER 4 APRIL 1977

ARTICLES A Method for Measuring Transient Intermodulation Distortion

Eero Leinonen, Matti Otala, and John Curl 170 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Slewing Distortion in Digital-to-Analog Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dennis M. Freeman 178

Public Address Systems (A Reprint) . . . . I. W . Green and J. P. Maxfield 184

PROJECT NOTESIENGINEERING BRIEFS . . . . Localization of Lateral Phantom Sources G. Thiele and G. Plenge 196

Moving Sound Image in the Theaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Juhani Borenius 200

DEPARTMENTS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review of Acoustical Patents. 204 Sound Track 246 Audio-Past, Present and Future: News of the Sections . . . . . . . . 250

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 57th Convention Preview 214 Upcoming Meetings 253 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57th Exhibit Previews 218 Available Literature 254

. . . . . . . 57th Convention Exhibitors 244 Membership Information 258



Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Editorial Associate Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy I. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKn'ight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 25, No. 3, March 1977. Published monthly except JanuaryiFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bi-monthly, by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication and Executive Offlces, Lincoln Butldlng, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y. 10017 Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y. and at additional mall~ng offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $35.00 domestic; $45.00 foreign. All material published in this journal 1s copyr~ghted @ 1977 by the Audlo Englneerlng Soclety and all rights reserved. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publications Offices at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and its cover design have been registered as a trademark In the United States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE


VOLUME 25 NUMBER 5 MAY 1977

ARTICLES Floating-Point Encoding for Transcription of High-Fidelity Audio Sig-

nals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Francis F. Lee and David Lipschutz 266

Tracing Distortion Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. G. Trendell 273

A Low-Noise High-Output Capacitor Microphone System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... Richard S. Burwen 278


A Novel Approach to Linear Phase Loudspeakers Using Passive Crossover Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Erik Bzkgaard 284

Design Problems of High-Level Cone Loudspeakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John R. Gilliom, Paul L. Boliver, and Lucia C. Boliver 294

A Microprocessor-Controlled Digital Waveform Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Steven Christiansen 299

FORUM More on Problems of the Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bruce Lowell 31 0

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents 312 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354 56th Convention Report . . . . . 316 Shopping the Audio Market . . 355 56th Convention Exhibitors . . 330 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . 359 56th Convention Program . . . 332 Membership Information . . . . . 361

. . . . . . . . News of the Sections 346 Call for Papers-58th Con- . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings 353 vention, New York, 1977 367


Robert 0 . Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Harvey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochrnal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Editorial Associate Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calarnusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder 8. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy 1. B. Thomas M. Carnras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo Eng~neerlng Soc~ety, Volume 25, No. 5 , May 1977 Publ~shed monthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bl-monthly, by the Audlo Engineering Society and supplled to all members in good standing. Publication and Executive Offices, L~ncoln Bullding, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y. 10017. Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y. and at add~tional mailing offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $35.00 domestlc: $45.00 foreign. Ail material publ~shed in this journal is copyr~ghted 1977 by the Audlo Englneerlng Soclety and all rights reserved, lnqulr~es should be sent to the Publ~cations Offices at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society' and its cover deslgn have been registered as a trademark In the Linlted States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO / ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 25 NUMBER 6 JUNE 1977

ARTICLES

The Application of Digital Techniques to the Measurement of Loudspeakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. M. Berman and L. R. Fincham 370

The Dynamic Vibration Absorber Principle, Applied to a High-Quality Phonograph Pickup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allen R. Groh 385


A New Set of Vented Loudspeaker Alignments . . . . . . . . . W. J. J. Hoge 391

An Almost Locked Oscillator for Electronic Music Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JarnesG.Simes 394

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Patchable Electronic Music Percussion Synthesizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BrentGabrieisen 395

COMMUNICATIONS

Criteria for ~vaiuat ing Surround-Sound Systems . . Michael A. Gerzon 400

DEPARTMENTS

Standards Update . . . . . . . . . . . 410 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 Review of Acoustical Patents . 412 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . 428 Law of the First Shopping the Audio Market . . 432

Wave Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . 436 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . 423 Membership Information . . . . . 438

Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . . 446


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline H a ~ e y Managing Editor,


REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy I. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. von Reckling hausero J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~o Engineering Soc~ety, Volume 25, No 6, June 1977 Publ~shed monthly except Januaryifebruary and JulyiAugust when published bl-monthly, by the Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Soc~ety and supplied to all members In good stand~ng Publlcat~on and Executive Off~ces. L~ncoln Bullding, 60 East 42nd Street, New York. N.Y 10017. Second class postage pad at New York, N.Y. and at additional ma111ng offices Subscrlpt~on to nonmembers, $35.00 dornest~c. $45.00 forelgn. All rnaterlal published In thls journal 1s copyrighted @ 1977 by the Aud~o Engineer~ng Soclety and all rlghts resewed lnqulrles should be sent to the Publlcat~ons Off~ces at the address above. The "Journal of the Audlo Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover deslgn have been reg~stered as a trademark 1r1 Ihe Umted States Patent Office

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO / ACOUSTICS 1 APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 25 PlUMBER 718 JULYIAUGUST 1977

PAPERS A Proposed AM Stereo Broadcasting System

. . . . . . . . . . . Hirotaka Kurata, Shozo Koshigoe, and Susumu Takahashi 450

Carrier Crosstalk Considerations in the CD-4 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C.RogerAnderson 460

Suppression of Slew-Rate and Transient Intermodulation Distortions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in Audio Power Amplifiers W. Marshall Leach, Jr. 466

Improving the Stereo Headphone Sound Image . . . . . . . . M. V. Thomas 474

ENGINEERING REPORTS The Design of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Acoustics

Research Laboratory . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Cabot and Henry E. Breed 479

COMMUNICATIONS How to Fool the Ear and Make Bad Recordings

Svein Erik Bgrja 482 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "A Dynamic Noise Reducer for Sum-Difference

Multiplex Systems" (R. C. Cabot, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, pp. 95-98 . . [March 19771) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... Jerry Mintor 492

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Glenn White 492

Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Cabot 492

DEPARTMENTS Review of Acoustical Patents 494 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . 534 57th Convention Report . . . . . 498 Shopping the Audio Market . . 536 57th Convention Exhibitors . . 512 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . 538 57th Convention Program . . . . ,514 Membership Information . . . . . 539 The Bark Heard 'Round the In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547

World . . . . . . Oliver Berliner 528 Call for Papers-59th Con- Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . 533 vention, Hamburg, Germany 548




REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy I. B. ihomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal ofthe Audio Engineering Society, Volume25, No. 718, JulylAugust 1977. Published monthly except JanuarylFebruary and July/August when puMished bi-monthly, by the Audio Engineerlng Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication and Executive Offices, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y 10017. Second class postage pald at New York. N.Y. and at additbnal mailing offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $35.00 domestic; $45.00 foreign. All material published in this journal is copyrlghted @ 1977 by the Audio Engineering Society and all rights reserved. lnqulries should be sent to the Publications Offices at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineerlng Soclew and its cover design have been registered as a trademark In the United States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

J O ~ ~ G . McKnight Wilfi Studer

Dewitt F. Morris Admissions John M. Eargfe Awards trving L. Joel Convention Policy Peter K. Burkowitz Education Arthur E. Gruber F~nance Donald J. Plunkett Historical Emil L. Torick Laws & Resolutions Donald J. Plunkett Library Dewitt F. Morris Membership Duane H. Cooper Nominations John G. McKnight Publications Policy John M. Eargle Standards G. Aflan Ballantine Sustaining

Memberships Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRbiTION Donald J. Plun kett Executive Director Jacqueline Harvey Manager,

Subscr~pt~ons/Ad~ettising Margaret McLaughlin Administrative

Assfstant, Membership Services Rita Snyder Administrative Assistant,

Accounting

10017~ (21 2-661 -8528) Manuscr ipts, editorial. advertising and s u b s c r t p t ~ o n c o r r e s p o n d e n c e should be a d d r e s s e d to Editorial Office (212- 661 -2355) at above a d d r e s s Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Region: Zevenbunders iaan 1 4U9, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belg~um. United Kingdom Office; Brit ish Section, Aud io Engl- neer fng Society Ltd , 32 Knol l R ~ s e , Orpington, Kent BR6 OEL. Enaland JaDan Office; Japan

AUD10 ENGINEERING SOCIETY VOLUME 25 NUMBER 9 SEPTEMBER 1977

PAPERS

The Aspects of Low-inertia Tone-Arm Design . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Rother 550

Creating Source Elevation lllusions by Spectral Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. Jeffrey Bloom 560

New Mobile Sound Reinforcement System for the Metropolitan OperalNew York Philharmonic Orchestra Park Concerts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alex Rosner and Larry S. King 566

The Function and Design of Horns for Loudspeakers (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. R. Hanna and J. Slepian 573

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A Multiplexed Ftemote-Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David M. Jacobson and Richard N. Crowley 586

A Polyphonic Music Synthesizer Utilizing Master Programmed Electronic Synthesis Modules for Each Key . . . . . . . . . . Lee Fergclson 592

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents 596 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . 633 . . . . . . . . Audio Advances at the Waldorf News of the Sections 634

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58th Convention Preview . . . . 603 Sound Track 638 . . . . . . . . . 58th Convention Exhibitors . . 606 Available Literature 640

58th Exhibit Previews . . . . . . . 608 Membership Information . . . . . 642



Journal Special Publicat/ons lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. C~hen Editorial Associate Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy 1. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. won Reckliwhausert J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Wsodward

Journal of the Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Soc~ety, Volume 25. No 9, September 1977 Pubi~shed monthly except JanuaryfFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bl-monthly, by the Audio Engineering Soc~ety and suppl~ed to all members In good starding. Publlcatlon and Executive Offlces. Llncoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N Y. 10017. Second class postage pa~d at New York, N.Y. and at additional matllng offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $35.00 domest~c: $45.00 fore~gn. All materlal published In this journal is copyrighted @ 1977 by the Audio Engineerlng Soc~ety and all r~ghts reserved lnqulrtes should be sent to the Publtcations Offtces at the address above The 'Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ts cover des~gn have been reg~stered as a trademark in the Un~ted States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

RUDlO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS * ' VOLUME 25 NUMBER 1011 1 OCTOBERINOVEMBER 1977


Robert 0 . Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdanald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Harvey Managing Ed~tor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calatnusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder 6 . Blesser M. 6. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy I. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

The autnors of this Centennial Issue were each invited to write and contribute an arlicle in a specific subject area Since the nature of these aricles is different from the usual tecnn~cal and profess.onal papers pubished regularly in thedournal of the Aud!o Engtneenng Soc~ety, I: was declded that the Centennial lssue was to be published under the editorial direction of a guest editor. The editor~al respons~bil~ty for thrs Issue ,was accepted by the guest editor.

Journal o' the Audio Engineering Society Volbme 25 No 10 11 October November 1977 Published nonthly except January February and July August when published b-monthly by the Audio Engineering Society and supplea to all members in good standing Publication and Executive Offices Llncoln Build~ng 60 East 42nd Street Nea York N Y 10017 Second class pos'age paid at New York N Y a r d at additronal rna~llng offices Subscript~on !o nonmembers $35 00 domestic $45 00 foreign All material published in t'lis]ournal is copyrighted 1977 by the Audio Engineering Society and all rights reserved Inquiries should be sent to the Publications Offices at the address above The Journal of the Audlo Englneerlng Soclety and its cover deslgn have been registered as a trademark in :he United States Patent Office

CONTENTS

FOREWORD

Before the Phonograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warren Rex lsom 656

SECTION IIHISTORICAL

Introduction: A Wonderful Invention but not a Breakthrough . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warren Rexlsom 657

Edison and his Contributions to the Record Industry . Walter L. Welch 660

Emile Berliner, Eldridge Johnson, and the Victor Talking Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Company Edgar Hutto, Jr. 666

SECTION IIITECHNOLOGY

Introduction: The Technology of the Record Industry-Perfection Without Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warren Rex lsom 674

Microphones for Recording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Harry F. Olson 676

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loudspeakers John Eargle 685

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Studios and Studio Equipment John Borwick 689

Magnetic Recording for Original Recordings . . . . . . . . . . . John 1. Mullin 696

Record Manufacturing: Making the Sound for Everyone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Joseph C. Ruda 702

Record Materials

Part I: Chemical Technology in the Edison Recording lndustry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LeahS.Burt

Part 11: Evolution of the Disc Talking Machine . . . . . . . Warren Rex lsom

Part Ill: Vinyl Compound for the Phonographic lndustry . S . K . Khanna

The High-Fidelity Phonograph Transducer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B . B . Bauer

Record Changers. Turntables. and Tone Arms-A Brief Technical History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JamesH.Kogen

Electronic Home Music Reproducing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel R . von Recklinghausen

Home Music Reproducing Equipment-Performance and Styling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M.L.Alexander

SECTION IIIITHE INDUSTRY

Introduction: Great Music for All and for All Occasions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WarrenRexlsom

The Graphic Arts and the Record Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lewis Garlick

The Record Industry in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . Stephen Traiman

The Record Industry in Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Jones

. The Record Industry in Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . George M Tavares

Far East-Problems and Growth Potential . . . . . . . Tokugen Yamamoto - The Recording Industry in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toshiya lnoue

. . . . . . . . . Mechanical Sound Recording in Czechoslovakia Jiri Struska

Corroboree and Other Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ray Darnell

SECTION IVIINNOVATIONS

Introduction: Before the Fine Groove and Stereo Record and Other Innovations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warren Rex lsom

The LP and the Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William S . Bachman

. . The Coming of Stereo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H E Roys

Magnetic Tape Recording- Reels. Cassettes. or Cartridges? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0scarP.Kusisto

. The Jukebox. the Radio and the Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . G Bodoh

Quadraphony- A Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J . G . Woodward

. Electronic Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert A Moog

SECTION VITHOSE WHO CREATE

Introduction: The Art of Becoming a Creative Member of the Record Industry Has Become a Science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Warren Rex lsom

The Audio Engineer-Circa 1977: What Does He (or She) Do? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DeWittF.Morris

Recording. Art of the Century? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter K . Burkowitz

. The Musician and the Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emil L Torick

. The Great Artists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John F Pfeiffer

. Records of the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas G . Stockham. Jr

100 Years of Phonography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H.-W. Steinhausen

THE WHITE HOUSE RECORD LIBRARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

REVIEW OF SOCIETY'S SUSTAINING MEMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ABOUT THE AUTHORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

THE AES: Its Function and Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Phonograph and Sound Recording After One-Hundred Years

WARREN REX ISOM Guest Editor

Emil L. Torick President John G. McKnight President-Elect Geoffrey M. Langdon Vice President, Eastern

Region Robert 9. Schulein Vice President, Central

Regron C. Dale Manquen Vice Pres~dent, Western

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vice President, Europe

Region Stephen F. f emmer V~ce President,

International Donald W. Powers Secretary

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Howard M. Durbin Admissions Duane H. Cooper Awards Irving L Joel Conventron Policy Peter K. Burkowitz and Geoffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historical John G. McKnight Laws & Resolutions John M. Woram Membership Warren Rex lsom Nominations Han Tendeloo Publications Policy Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards G. Allan Ballantine Sustaining

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO E161HEER116 SOCIETY VOLUME 25 NUMBER 12 DECEMBER 1977

PAPERS . . . . . . . . . . A Catalog of Frequency and Transient Responses D. Preis 990

. . . . . . . . . . Measuring the Constants of Ear Simulators M. D. Burkhard 1008

The Singapore National Stadium Sound System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. Jacek Figwer 1016

Eddy Currents in Composite Laminations (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E. Peterson and L. R. Wrathall 1026

ENGINEERING REPORTS Application Considerations for IC Data Converters Useful

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in Audio Signal Processing Walter G. Jung 1033

Tracking Measurement Techniques for Compressors, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expanders, Limiters, Craig C. Todd 1039

COMMUNICATIONS

A Uniform Track-Positioning and Dimensioning System for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Magnetic Recording E. R. Hanson 1041

DEPARTMENTS

58th Convention Report . . . . 1046 Shopping the Audio Market . 1094 58th Convention Exhibitors . 1058 Ava~lable Literature . . . . . . . . 1096 58th Convention Program . . 1060 Membership Information . . . 1098 AES Officers 1977178 . . . . . . . 1078 In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 106 News of the Sections . . . . . . . 1084 Index to Volume 25 . . . . . . . . . 1107 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . 1091 Call for Papers-60th Con-

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track 1092 vention, Los Angeles, 1978 11 15


Robert O. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Hawey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Editorial Associate Publicatrons Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser D. S. McCoy I. B. Thomas M. Camras J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight E. L Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitr R. A. Moog D. R von Recklinghausen J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper J. T. Mullin J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~o Englneerlng Soclety. Volume 25, No. 12, December 1977. Published monthly except JanualyiFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bl-monthly, by the Audlo Engineering Society and suppl~ed to all members In good stand~ng Publlcatlon and Executive Offlces, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N.Y. 1001 7 Second class postage paid at New York, N.Y and at add~tzonal rnail~ng offlces. Subscr~ption to nonmembers, $35.00 domestic. $45.00 fore~gn. All mater~al published ~n th~s journal 1s copyrighted (Q 1977 by the Aud~o Eng~neerlng Society and all r~ghts reserved. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publications Off~ces at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and lts cover design have been registered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO EH6lHEER1Hli SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS/ APP~~CATIONS -- - -

VOLUME 26 NUMBER 112 JANUARYIFEBRUARY 1978

PAPERS

The Ghent Microphone System for SQT\l Quadraphonic Recording and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting Benjamin B. Bauer,

Louis A. Abbagnaro, Daniel W. Gravereaux, and Trevor J. Marshall 2

Correlation of Andia Distortion Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eero Leinonen and Matti Otala 12

Impulse Response of the Pickup Arm-Cartridge System Stanley P. Lipshitz 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ENGINEERING REPORTS

An Economical Digitally Controlled Audio Level Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Cabot 36

The Use of the Phase Vocoder in Computer Music Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James A. Moorer 42

COMMUNICATIONS

Mathematics and Sound Perception Michael A. Gerzon 46

STANDARDS

Digital Audio Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . 52

. . . . . . . . . . . Sampling Frequency Considerations Robert J. Youngquist 54

A Review of Digital Audio Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Martin Willcocks 56

Some Criteria for the Selection for Sampling Rates in Digital Audio Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alastair Heaslett 66

DEPARTMENTS

59th Convention Preview Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . 96 Audio Highlights in Hamburg . 74 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . 98 Preliminary Program . . . . . . . . 77 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

. . . . Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Membership Information 104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exhibit Previews . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 In Memoriam 1 12




REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Holtywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin E. An. Villchur J. M. Eargle B. i. Klepper U. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Soc~ety. Volume 26, No 1.2, January'February 1978 Published monthly exceot JanbaryiFebruary and July,August when pubiished bi-monthly, by the Audio Eng~neer ln~ Society and supplied to all members n good standing Publ~cation and Executive Offices. Lincoln Building. 60 East 42nd Street. New York N.Y 10017 Second class postage pald ai New York. N.v and at additionai maillng offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $35 00domestic. 545 00 foreign. All mater!al publishea in this journal is copyrighted ,c 1978 by the Audio Engineer~ng Soclety and ail rights resewed. nquries should be sent to the Publicarions Officesat the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover design have been registered as a trademark In the United Stsies Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY VOLUME 26 NUMBER 3 MARCH 1978

PAPERS

Time-Delay Spectrometry investigation of Regenerative Sound Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cecil R. Cable 114

A Simplified Equalization Analyzer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William R. Bevan 120

The Horn Louds~eaker Re~rint Series: - . - ~ - - - - . - - - - Discussion of "The Function and Design of Horns for Loudspeakers"

(C. R. Hanna and 4. Slepian, Reprint, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, pp. 573-585 iSe~ t . 19771) -, Introductibn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John K. Hilliard 130

A High-Efficiency Receiver for a Horn-Type Loudspeaker of Large Power Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. C. Wente and A. L. Thuras Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John K. Hilliard 139

ENGINEERING REPORTS Optical Measurement of Loudspeaker Driver Large Signal

Displacement . . . . . . . . . . . . John E. Weaver and W. Marshall Leach, Jr. 145

Passive Crossover Networks for Noncoincident Drivers Siegfried H. Linkwitz 149 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COMMUNICATIONS Fuzzy Alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Heyser 151

STANDARDS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . StandardsNews 154

DEPARTMENTS A Survey of Educational Available Literature . . . . . . . . . 178

Opportunities in Audio . . . . Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . 181 Geoffrey L. Wilson 160 Membership Information 182 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

AES Education Questionnaire . 165 In Memoriam ................ 196 . . . . . . . . News of the Sections 168 The Audio Engineering

. . . . . . . . . . . Shopping the Audio Market . . 174 Society Bylaws 197


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Hawey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications 6ngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner 9. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Heciclingnausen 8). H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper 8. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society. Volume 26, No. 3, March 1978. Published monthly except JanuaryiFebruary and JulyiAugust when published bi-monthly, by the Audio Engineering Society and suppl~ed to all members In good standing. Publication and Executive Offices, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N Y 10017. Second class postage paid at New York. N.Y. and at additional mailing offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $35.00 domestic: $45.00 foreign. All material published in this journal 1s copyrighted 1978 by the Audio Engineering Society and all rights reserved. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publ~catlons Offlces at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ ts cover design have been registered as a trademark in the United States Patent Offce.

JOURNAL OF THE

RUD10 EHGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS 1 APPLICATIONS VOLUME 26 NUMBER 4 APRIL 1978

PAPERS Low-Frequency Response Calibration of a Multitrack Magnetic Tape

Recording and Reproducing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . John G. McKnight 202

Side-Fringing Response of Magnetic Reproducing Heads . A. van Herk 209

A Comparison of Measured and Calculated Fringing Response of Multi- track Magnetic Reproducers . . . . . . . . . . . . Jan Melis and Bauke Nijholt 212

ENGINEERING REPORTS The Use of Boron for High-Frequency Dome Loudspeakers

. .K. lshiwatari, N. Sakamoto, H. Kawabata, H. Takeuchi, and T. Shimizu 217

A Music Listening System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. E. Lynch 221

Precision Pan Pots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Cabot 227

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR More Comments on "A Dynamic Noise Reducer for Sum-Difference

Multiplex Systems" (R. C. Cabot, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, pp. 95-98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [March 19771) Michael A. Gerzon 229

STANDARDS Report of the AES Digital Audio Meeting . . . . . . . . . . . . John G. McKnight 232

Comments on "Technical Factors to be Standardized" (J. Audio Eng. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Soc., vol. 26, p. 54 [Jan./Feb. 19781) P. K. Burkowitz 232

Sampling Frequency Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Masahiro Kosaka 234

User's Note on Digital Audio Standard Code and Procedures, Opera- tional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. K. Burkowitz 242

Sampling Frequency Consideration . . . . . . . . . . . .K. Tanaka and Y. lshida 248

Sampling Frequency Considerations in Digital Audio Standards . . . . . . . . . . . .Teruo Muraoka, Yoshihiko Yamada, and Masami Yamacak~ 252

DEPARTMENTS Review of Acoustical Patents . 258 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292 60th Convention Preview . . . . .265 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . .295 Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Available Literature. . . . . . . . . . .298 Exhibit Previews . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 Membership Information . . . . . . 300

. . . . . Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 291 Membership Application .310



Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Golden berg Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Edirorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. 1. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper D. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo Eng~neer~ng Soclety, Volume 26. No 4, Apr~ l 1978. Published monthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bl-monthly. by the Audlo Englneerng Socety and suppl~ed to ail members In good stand~ng Publ~cat~on and Execut~ve Off~ces, Llncoln Bulld~ng. 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N Y 10017 Second class postage paldat New York. N Y and at addltlonal malllngoffices Subscrlptbon to nonmembers, $35 00dornest1c. $45 00 forelgn All material published In thls~ournal IS copyrighted (c! 1978 by the Audlo Englneer~ng Soclety and all r~ghts reserved. lnqulrles should be sen1 to the Publ~cat~ons Off~ces at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and 11s cover des~gn have been reg~stered as a trademark In the Un~ted States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M.'R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper D. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo E n g ~ n e e r ~ n g Soclety, 'Volume 26, No 5, May 1978. Publ~shed monthly except January'February and July#August when publ~shed b-monthly by the Aud~o Engineer~ng Socety and supplied to all members in good standing. Publicat~on and Executive Off~ces, Lincoln B u ~ d n g , 60 East 42nd Street. New York, N.Y. 10017. Second classpostagepa~d at NewYork N Y and at addlt~onal rnaillng offices Subscr~pt~on to nonmembers $35 Oodomest~c $45 00 forelgn All material published In thls journal 1s copyrighted @ 1978 by the Audlo Englneer~ng Soclety and all r~qhts reserved lnqurles should be sent to the Publications 0f f1cei at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society' and t s cover desgn have been registered a s a trademark n the Unted States Patent Off~ce

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - AUDIO / ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 26 NUMBER 5 MAY 1978

PAPERS Transient Distortion in Feedback Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Garde 314

Electronic Detection of Acoustic Feedback and Automatic Sound System Gain Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eugene T. Patronis, Jr. 323

Methods of High-Quality Recording and Reproducing of Music and Speech Based on Telephone Research (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. P. Maxfield and H. C. Harrison

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John K. Hilliard 327

ENGINEERING REPORTS Evaluation of Acoustic Systems Utilizing Correlation Techniques

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John E. Jacobs and Chau T. Lee 343

Quadraphonic Broadcasting of the Filarmonica De las Americas in Mexico . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benjamin B. Bauer and Gustavo Cota 356

COMMUNICATIONS A Shuffleboard Experiment of Time-Delay Effects in Loudspeakers

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GaryC.Gillum 361

STANDARDS Standards News

DEPARTMENTS 59th Convention Report 1978 AES International Section

. . . . Audio Internationals Meet 366 Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 . . . . . . . . . . Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372 Upcoming Meetings 403 . . . . . . . . . . Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 Available Literature 404

. . . . . Shopping the Audio Market . . . 392 Membership Information 406 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In Memoriam 41 6



Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J . Cohen Associate Mito: Publ!cations Assistan: Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

JOURNAL OF THE


VOLUME 26 NUMBER 6 JUNE 1978

PAPERS VOSIM-A New Sound Synthesis System

Werner Kaegi and Stan Tempelaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Harmonic Distortion in a Class of Linear Active Filter Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter J. Billam

ENGINEERING REPORTS A Program for the Hewlett Packard HP 97 to Assist Sound System

Designers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . William D. Symmes

Flanging and Phasers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. M. Hartmann

A Broadcast Monitor Loudspeaker of Small Dimensions W. J. J. Hoge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Effect on Speech Words of Modulating the Temporal Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of Infinitely Clipped Speech Alex I. K. Menkiti

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "Suppression of Slew-Rate and Transient

Intermodulation Distortions in Audio Power Amplifiers" (W. Marshall Leach, Jr., J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, no. 718, pp. 466-473 [JulylAugust])

Peter Garde . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Marshall Leach, Jr.

STANDARDS Standards News . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS . . . . Review of Acoustical Patents 463 Shopping the Audio Market 480

. . . . . . . . . MAC '78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468 Available Literature.. 482 . . . . . . Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 Membership Information 484

News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 476 Call for Papers-6lst Con- Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 479 vention, New York . . . . . . . . . . 495



Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochrnal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. B. Gardner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle D. L. Klepper D. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society Volume 2 6 No 6 June 1978 Published monthly except JanuarylFebruary and July August when published bi-monthly by the Audio Englneerlng Society and supplied to all members in good standing Publcat~on and Executive Offices Lincoln Building 60 East 42nd Street New York N Y 10017 Second class postage padat NewYork N Y andat additional mailing offlces Subscription to nonmembers $35 00domestic $45 00 forelgn All materlal published In thls journal is copyrighted 1978 by the Audlo Engineering Soclety and all rights reserved Inquiries should be sent to the Pubiicatlons Offices at the address above The Journal of the Audlo Engineering Soclety and its cover des~gn have been registered as a trademark in the United States Patent Office

JOURNAL OF THE

AUD10 EH611EER116 SOCIETY VOLUME 26 NUMBER 718 JULYIAUGUST 1978

PAPERS Groove Deformation and Distortion in Recordings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. A. Barlow and G. R. Garside 498 Three-Dimensional Displays for Demonstrating Transient

Characteristics of Loudspeakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tsutomu Suzuki, Takashi Morii, and Sumitaka Matsumara 51 1

Auditory Perspective-Loudspeakers and Microphones (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E. C. Wente and A. L. Thuras

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John K. Hilliard 518

ENGINEERING REPORTS Loudness Compensation: Use and Abuse

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomlinson Holman and Frank Kampmann 526 Computer-Aided Computation of Room Resonances

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RichardC.Cabot 537 A Note on Loudspeaker Impeijance and Its Effect on Amplifier

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Distortion Paul W. Klipsch 547

BRIEFS: Digital Audio Some Notes on Digital Audio Topics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Martin Willcocks 549 Incremental Floating-point Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter R. Samson 556 A High-Performance Digital Audio Recorder.. . . . . . John A. McCracken 560

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F. A. Beliis and G. W. McNally 562

Correction to: "Sampling Frequency Considerations" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . StephenM.Hockstein 562

Erratum to: "Sampling-Frequency Considerations in Digital Audio" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T. Muraoka et al. 562

DEPARTMENTS 60th Convention Report . . . . . . 564 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 592 Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570 Shopping the Audio Market . . . 594

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program 572 Membership Information . . . . . . 596 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 591 AES Annual Report . . . . . . . . . . ,600


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdanald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Harvey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. 8. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen I. Thomas R. C. Cabot W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper T. Holman J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle P. Kantrowitz D. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journal of rhe Audio Engineering Society, Volume 26. No 718, JulylAugust 1978. Published monthly except JanuaryiFebruary and JulyIAugust when publ~shed bi-monthly, by the Audto Engineering Society and supplied to all members In oood stand~na Publication and Execut~ve Offtces, Llncoin Buildlnq, 60 East 42nd Street, New York. N.Y 10017 Second - 'I%,(,jtaqepao st Ken. I'.r<. h '1 snc auu r c r a -a rqc l lcda S~oscr r ) i ( 'I luc,unroemnrr.. $35 00u~mest r. ti5 GO fore cn A I-ate. a DL.:, bttro III 111 s o-rnal $ cn?/r ~r ' teo - 1978 Oy tne A L ~ u Elis neer ng Sot el{ drio at rqnls reservea , " - lnqulr~es should be sent to the Publ~cat~ons Off~ces at the address above. The ' Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ts cover destgn have been regstered as a trademark In the Unted States Patent Offlce

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGlNEERlNG SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLlCATlONS

VOLUME 26 NUMBER 9 SEPTEMBER 1978

PAPERS Slope Distortion and Amplifier Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Garde 602 Vibration Patterns and Radiation Behavior of Loudspeaker

Cones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F. J. M. Frankort 609 An Effective Mechanopneumatic Shock Mount for a Dynamic

Microphone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Terry R. Locke 623 The Manta-Ray Horns. . . . . . . . . Clifford A. Henricksen and Mark S. Ureda 629

ENGINEERING REPORTS Measurement of Cutter Heads by Pulse-Train Methods

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teruo Muraoka, Hideo Onoye, and Kaoru Totsuka 635 On Several Standards for Converting PCM Signals into Video

Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . Toshitada Doi, Yoshikazu Tsuchiya, and Akira Iga 641

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "The Function and Design of Horns for Loudspeakers"

(C. R. Hanna and J. Slepian, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, pp. 573-585 [Sept. 19771; Discussion, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 26F+p. 130-138 [Mar. 19781) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul W. Klipsch 650

Comments on "A Novel Approach to Linear Phase Loudspeakers Using Passive Crossover Networks" (E. Baekgaard, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, pp. 284-294 [May 19771) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Marshall ieach 650

W. J. J. Hoge 650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Erik Baekgaard 652

STANDARDS Standards News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 656

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . In Search of Blumlein: The Upcoming Meetings. 71 1 . . . . . . . . Inventor Incognito News of the Sections. 712

P. B. Vanderlyn 660 Sound Track. 716 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 st Convention Available Literature. 720

Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 Membership Information . . . . . . 722 Exhibitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674 Call for Papers-62nd Cnnven-

. . . . . Exhibit Previews . . . . . . . . . . 676 tion, Brussels, Belgium 736


Robert 0 . Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Hatvey Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg Stochmal Copy Editor Joan Phyllis Goldenberg Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Publications Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser M. 6. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen I. Thomas R. C. Cabot W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight E. L. Torick M. Camras J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper T. Holman J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle P. Kantrowitz D. Preis J. G. Woodward

Journai of the Audio Engineer~ng Soc~ety, Volume 26, No. 9, September 1978 Published monthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyiAugust when published bl-monthly. by the Audio Engineer~ng Society and supplledto ail members in good standlng Publ~cat~on and Executive Off~ces, Llncoin Bu~ld~ng, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, N Y 1001:. Second class postage pa~d at New York, N Y and at addit~onal ma~i~ng offlces Subscription to nonmembers. $35 00domestic. $45 00 forelgn. Ail materlal published in th~s journal IS copyrighted 1978 by the Audlo Engineering Soclety and all rlghts reserved inqulrles should be sent to the Pubiicat~ons Off~ces at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover design have been reg~stered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Off~ce.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS VOLUME 26 NUMBER 10 OCTOBER 6 978

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editorial Robert 0 . Fehr 738 Digitization of Audio: A Comprehensive Examination of Theory,

. . . . . . . . . . . . . Implementation, and Current Practice. Barry A. Blesser 739 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction 739 2.5 Differential PCM

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Generalized Analog-to-Digital Conversion 750 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conversion 740 2.6 Delta Modulation.. 753

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 .I Quantization Error 740 2.7 Adaptive Strategies 754 . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Discrete Time Sampling . . . 740 2.8 Critical Summary 755

1.3 Complete Conversion 3. Performance of Real . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . System 742 Conversion Systems 755

1.4 Signal-teQuantization 3.1 Quantization Accuracy. . . . . 756 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Error Ratio 742 3.2 Peak Overload 757

1.5 Quantization Noise. . . . . . . . 743 3.3 Input Low-Pass Filter . . . . . . 757 1.6 Benign Quantization 3.4 Input Sampler . . . . . . . . . . . . 759

Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744 3.5 Bandwidth and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 . Architecture of Conversion Accuracy 762

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Systems 745 3.6 Output Sample-Hold 763 . . . . 2.1 PCM Conversion 3.7 Output Low-Pass Filter 764

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Systems ,745 3.8 Error Budget and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Specialized Conversion Summary 766

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Systems 746 4. Testing and Standards 768 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Floating-point Converters . . 746 Appendix ,768

. . . . . . . . 2.4 Nonlinear Conversion Acknowledgment ,769 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750 References 770

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "Impulse Response of the Pickup Arm-Cartridge

System" (Stanley P. Lipshitz, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 26, no. 112, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . pp. 20-35 [Jan./Feb. 4 9781) Jacob Rabinow 772

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author's Reply Stanley P. Lipshitz 774

DEPARTMENTS . . . Review of Society's Sustaining Shopping the Audio Market 804

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Members 781 Available Literature. 808 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track 798 Membership Information 81 2

. . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings 798 Call for Papers-63rd Con- News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 800 vention, Los Angeles . . . . . . . 821

. . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Form 822



Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis, Special Publications Assistant Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Joan P. Goldenberg, Special Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate Publications Assistant

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H. Small 6. Blesser R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen T. G. Stockham, Jr. R. W. Burhans W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick M. Camras T. Holman J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz D. Preis E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Queen J. V. White E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo Engineering Society, Volume 26, No. 10, October 1978. Published monthly except JanuarylFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bimonthly, by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication and Executive Offices, Llncoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017. Second class postage paid at New York, NY and at additional mailing offices. Subscript~on to nonmembers, $35.00 domest~c; $45.00 foreign. All material published in this journal is copyr~ghted @ 1978 by the Audlo Eng~neering Soclety and all rights reserved inqulrles should be sent to the Publications Off~ces at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ts cover deslgn have been registered as a trademark In the United States Patent Office.

- John G, McKnight President Peter K. Burkowitz President-Elect Geoffrey M. Langdon Vice President, Eastern

Region Robert B. Schulein Vice President, Central

Region C. Dale Manquen Vice President, Western


Region Stephen F. Temmer Vice President,

international Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. G ~ b e r Treasurer

Donald J. Plunketl Executive Director

BOARD OF GOVERNORS Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbtn Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Pfunkett Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson John M. Woram

COMMITFEE CHAIRMEN Howard M. Durbin Admissions Warren Rex fsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Convention Policy Geaffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historical Peter J. Burkowitz Laws & Resolutions John M. Woram Membership Emil L. TorickNominations Han Tendeloo Publications Policy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustaining Memberships Werner H. Freitag Tekrs

Jacqueline Harvey Manager, Subscript~onsIAdvertis~ng

Margaret McLaughiin Administrative Assistant, Membership Services

Rita Snyder Administrative Assistant, Accounting

SOCIETY C0MMUNICATK)NS Headquarters address: Audio Engineering Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 7001 7 (21 2-661-8528). Manuscripts, editorial, advertising and subscription correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office 121 2-661-2355) at above address. Regional Offices: ~ k o p e Office; Europe Region; Zevenbunderslaan 142J9, 6-1 190 Vorst, Brussek, Belgium. United Kingdom Office; British Section; Audio Engineering Society Ltd., 32 Knoll Rise, Orpington, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office; Japan Section; 76 Japan Audio Society, Mori Bldg., t4-34 Jingumae I-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO EIGlHEER116 SOCIETY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - AUDIO / ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 26 NUMBER 11 NOVEMBER 1978

PAPERS Computer-Aided Loudspeaker System Design Part 1 : Synthesis Using

Optimization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. J. Adams 826 Audio Recording Tapes Based on Iron Particles . A. A. van der Giessen 838 A Study of Theatre Loud Speakers and the Resultant Development of

the Shearer Two-way Horn System (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . John K. Hilliard Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Don Davis 843

Dividing Networks for Loud Speaker Systems (Reprint) John K . Hilliard and H . R. Kirnball . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Don Davis 850

ENGINEERING REPORTS

Automatic Assembly-Line Testing of Cartridges . . . . . . . Ernst Frandsen 856 Considerations on Providing Audio Coverage in Television Production

Studios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bruce Lowell 863

COMMUNICATIONS On the Need for a Standard Method for Primary Calibration of the

Frequency and Wavelength Response of a Magnetic Tape Reproducer John G . McKnight 867 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

STANDARDS Standards News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 872

DEPARTMENTS . Review of Acoustical Patents 882 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 896

AES Officers 1978179 . . . . . . . . . 886 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 Theory and Practice in Shopping the Audio Market . . . 908

Audio Education: Experience Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 91 1 of a Recent Graduate Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 91 2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mark R. Gander 890 Membership Information 91 4

EDITORIAL STAFF Harry F. Olson E3itor Emeritus


Journal S~ecial Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis, Special PuDiications Assistant Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Joan P. Goldenberg, Special Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate Publications Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H. Small B. Blesser R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen T. G. Stockham, Jr. R. W. Burhans W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hol!ywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick M. Camras T. Holman J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz D. Preis E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Queen J. V. White E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder J. G. Woodward Journal of the Audb Engineering Society, Volume 26, No. 11, November 1978. Published monthly except JanuaryiFebruary and JulylAugust when published bimonthly, by the Audio Engineering Society and supplied to all members in good standing. Publication and Executive Offices, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017. Second class postage paid at New York, NY and at additional mailing offices. Subscription to nonmembers: $45.00 (surface mail); $75.00 (airmail, direct d e l i ~ e ~ ) . All material published in this journal is copyrighted @ 1978 by the Audio Engineering Society and ail rlghts reserved. Inquiries should be sent to the Publications Offices at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Soclety" and its cover design have been registered as a trademark in the United States Patent Offce.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY C. ale Manquen Vfce Presrdent, Western

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vice Presrdent, Europe

Regron Stephen F. Temrner Vice President,

Internatronal Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executrve D~rector

BOARD OF GOVERNORS Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunkett Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson John M. Woram

COMMllTEE CHAIRMEN Howard M. Durbin Adrnrssrons Warren Rex lsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Conventron Policy Geoffrey L. Wilson Educatron Arthur E. Gruber Frnance Donald J. Plunkett Hrstorical Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resolutrons John M. Woram Membershrp Emil L. Torick Nomrnatrons Han Tendeloo Pubbcations Pohcy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sectronal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustarning Membershrps Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION Jacqueline Harvey Manager,

Subscrrpt~onslAdverfisrng Margaret McLaughlin Adrnrnrstratrve

Assrsfant, Membership Semces Rita Snyder Admrnrstrative Assrstant,

Accountmg

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address Audfo Englneer~ng Soc~ety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017 (2f2-661-8528) Manuscr~pts, editorral, advertis~ng and subscr~pt~on correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (212-661-2355) at above address Regional Offices: Europe Office, Europe Region, Zevenbunderslaan 14219, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belglum. United Kingdom Office, Brltrsh Sect~on, Audlo Engrneenng Soelety Ltd , 32 Knoll Rlse, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office, Japan Sect~on, C/o Japan Audlo Soclety, Mor~ Bldg., $4-34 J~ngumae 1-chome, Sh~buya-ku, Tokyo 1 SO, Japan.

VOLUME 26 NUMBER 12 DECEMBER 1978

PAPERS

Com uter-Aided Loudspeaker System Design Part 2: Determination of gystem Power Ratings and Some Design Examples Using Optimization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. J. Adams 922

How the Magnetic Characteristics of a Magnetic Tape Head Are Affected . . . . b y the Gap Length and a Conducting Spacer. . John G. McKnight 930

Improvement of the Noise Characteristics of Amplifiers for Magnetic Transducers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jean M. Hoeffelman and Rene P. Meys 935

ENGINEERING REPORTS

Individual-Track Erase System for a Multitrack Instrumentation Recorder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dwight E. Cornstock and Edward A. Roberts 940

Design of a Studio-Quality Condenser Microphone Using Electret Technology

. . . . . . . . . William R. Bevan. Robert 5. Schulein, and Charles E. Seeler 947

The Human Finger-A Versatile Electronic Musicai Instrument Component. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert A. Moog 958

STANDARDS

Standards News.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 962

AES Standards and Technical Committees Procedures John G. McKnight 968 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS

The AES Comes of Age Sound Track 1008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Donald J. Plunkett 970 Upcoming Meetings 1009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 l s t Convention Report . . . . . 978 Shopping the Audio Market . . 1010 . . . . . Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 984 Membership Information 101 2

Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 986 In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 6 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . 1006 Index to Volume 26 . . . . . . . . . . 1020



Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis, Specia: Publications Assistant Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Joan P. Goldenberg, Special Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate Publications Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H. Small B. Blesser R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen T. G. Stockham, Jr. R. W. Burhans W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick M. Camras T. Holman J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz D. Preis E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Queen J. V. White E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder J. G. Woodward Journal of the Audlo Eng~neerlng Soclety. Volume 26, No 12. December 1978. Published monthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyIAugust when publlshed bimonthly, by the Audlo Eng~neertng Soclety and supplied to all members ~n good stand~ng Publlcatlon and Executtve Off~ces. Lincoln Bullding, 60 East 42nd Street. New York, NY 10017. Second class postage pa~d at New York. NY and at addit~onal malllng offlces Subscr~ption to nonmembers. $45 00 (surface mail); $75.00 (s~rrnn~l. dtrcct delivery) All material publlshed in thls~ournal IS copyr~yhttrl ' C J 1978 by the Audio Englneering Society and all rtghts reserved lnqulrles should be sent to the Publicat~ons Off~ces at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and lts cover des~gn have been registered as a trademark in the ilnlted States Patent Office

OFFICERS 1978-79 JOURNAL OF THE John G. McKnight President Peter K. Burkowitz Presrdent-Elect Geofi'rey #. Lafigdoc \/:cc PresWezt, Ezstern AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY

Regton Robert 6. Schulein Vice Presrdent, Central

AUDIO / ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

Region C. Dale Manquen Vice Presrdent, Western

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vtce President, Europe

Reglor1 Stephen F. Temmer Vice President,

lnternatronal

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 112

President's Message .......

1979 JANUARYIFEBRUARY

......... John G. McKnight 2 Donald W. Powers Secretarv Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer PAPERS Donald J. Plunkett Executrve D~rector Dynamic Modeling and Analysis of a Phonograph Stylus

............................................... Lawrence R.Happ 3

BOARD OF GOVERNORS Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradlev Plunkett

. . Equalization Filter for Eardrum-Pressure Recording Using a KEMAR

Manikin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mead C. Killion 13 The Acoustic Design of Talks Studios and Listening Rooms (Reprint)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C.L.S.Gi l ford 17

ENGINEERING REPORTS

Han ~ i n d e l o o Precision Sound-Image-Localization Technique Utilizing Multitrack Emil L. Torick Tape Masters

. . . . . . . . Geoffrey L. Wilson T. Mon, G F u j ~ k ~ , N Takahashi, and F Maruyama 32 John M. Woram A Real-Time Digital Processor for Disk Mastering Lathe Control

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Frank H~rsch and Stephen F. Temmer 39

-% COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Howard M. Durbin Admissions Warren Rex lsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Convention Policy Geoffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Flnance Donald J. Plunkett Histortcal Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resoluttons John M. Woram Membershrp Emil L. Torick Nominat~ons Han Tendelm Pwbl~cations Poltcy Arthur E. Gruber Reg~onal& Sectronal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustaining Memberships Werner H. Freitag Tellers

Jacqueline Harvey Manager, SubscriptionsiAdvertis~ng

Margaret McLaughlin Adminrstratlve Assistant, Membership Semces

Rita Snyder Adminrstrative Asststanf, Accountrng

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address Audio Engineering Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017 (21 2-661 -8528) Manuscr~pts, editorial, advert~slng and subscrlptlon correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (21 2-661 -2355) at above address Regional Offices: Europe Office, Europe Reg~on, Zevenbunderslaan 14219, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belgrum. United Kingdom Office, British Sect~on, Audlo Englneerrng Society Ltd , 32 Knoll Rise, Orpington, Kent BR6 OEL, England Japan Office; Japan Sectron, YO Japan Audio Society, Mor~ Bldg., 14-34 Jlngumae I-chome, Shlbuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

Audio-Visual Design and Room Acoustics for the ~ o a r d Room, Part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Glen M. Ballou 44

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . AES Technical Committees 62nd Convention Preview 61

and Technical Council . . . . . . . 50 Preliminary Program . . . . . . . . . . 62 AES Policy on Standardiza- Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

. . . . . . . . . . . . tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Exhibit Previews.. 68 . . . . . . . . . Legal Guidelines for Technical News of the Sections 90

Committees and Engineering Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92 . . . . . . . . . . . Standardizati~n Activities Upcoming Meetings 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . of the AES .54 Available Literature. 96

. . . Membership Intormation. 98


Robert O. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline Harvey Managing Ed~tor, I

Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis, Special Publications Assistant Abbie J. Cuhen Assoc~ate Editor Joan P. Goldenberg, Special Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate Publications Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley B. Blesser R. W. Burhans 8. C. Caboi M. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster

M. 5. Gardner R. C. Heyser W. J. J. Hoge J. M. Ho?ywosd T. Holman P. Kantrowitz J. M. Kates D. L. Klepper

P. W. Klipsch 4. H. Kogen 4. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen M. R. Schroeder

R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. 1. Thomas E. L. Torick D. R. von Recklinghausen E. M. Villchur J. V. White .1. G. Waodward

Journal of the Audlo Eng~neerlng Soclety, Volume 27. No. 112, 1979 :anuary/February. Published monthly except JanuaryIFehrt~ary and JulylAugust when published bimonthly, by the Audlo Engtneerlng Soclety and supplied to ail members In good standing. Publication and Executive Offices. ilvcoln Sulld~ng. 60 East 42nd Street. New York. NY 10017 Second-class postage pald at New York, NY and at additionai rnalllng offces. Subscr~pt~on to nonmembers: $45.00 (surface mail). $75.00 (a~rmall, direct delnery). All mater~al published in this Journal IS copyr~ghted 1r1 1979 by the Audlo Eoglneerlng Society and all r~gllts reserved. lnquirles should be sent to the Publicattons Office at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society.' and 11s cover deslgn have been registered as a trademark in the United States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY

Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executive Director

BOARD OF GOVERNORS Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunkett Han Tendeloc Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson John M. Woram

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Howard M. Durbin Admissions Warren Rex lsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Convention Policy Geoffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historical Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resolut~ons John M. Woram Membership Emil L. Torick Nominations Han Tendeloo Publications Policy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustaining Memberships Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMlNlSTRATlON Jacqueline Harvey Manager,

Subscriptions/Adverfising Margaret McLaughlin Administrative

Assistant, Membership Services Rita Snyder Adminrstrative Assistant, Accounting

SOCIETY COMMUNlCATlONS Headquarters address. Audio Englneerlng Soclety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY . fir.- ma P. c.-4 nr"0, ax,... ...... ..*- A.4.*,. l U U l / (L IL-OO I-OJLO) IVl(ll lU3U 1 p L 3 , W U I L U -

rial, advertising and subscr~ption correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Off ice (212-661 -2355) at above address Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Region; Zevenbunderslaan 14219, B-1190 Vorst, Brussels, Belgium United Kingdom Office, British Section; Audio Engineering Soclety Ltd., 32 Knoll Rlse, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office, Japan Sectlon; Japan Audio Society, Morl Bldg , 14-34 Jlngumae l-chome, Sh~buya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 3 1979 MF,RCH

PAPERS Magnetic Design Theory for Tape Recorder Heads . . John G. McKnight 106 Measurement of FM Distortion in Phonographs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James V. White and Arthur J. Gust 121 The Use of Linear Prediction of Speech in Computer Music

Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James A. Moorer 134 A Low Frequency Horn of Small Dimension (Reprint)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paul W. Klipsch 141

ENGINEERING REPORTS CCIRIARM: A Practical Noise Measurement Method

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ray Dolby, David Robinson, and Kenneth Gundry 149 The Stereo-180 Microphone System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lynn T. Olson 158

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR More About "Groove Deformation and Distortion in Records"

(D. A. Barlow and G. R. Garside, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 26, no. 718, pp. 498-51 0 [I 978 JulyIAugust]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. A. Barlow 164

Applause for Loudspeaker Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ted Uzzle 164 . . . . . . . On Courtesy t o Convention Session Chairmen J. Robert Ashley 164

STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standards News 166

DEPARTMENTS Competition and Technical Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

. . . . . . . . . . . . Innovation: The Continuing Exhibit Previews 201 . . . . . . . . . Search for That "Better News of the Sections 230

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mousetrap" D. I. Baker 178 Sound Track 232 . . . . . . . . . . Review of Acoustical Patents 192 Upcoming Meetings 234

63rd Convention Available Literature. . . . . . . . . . . 234 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preview 196 Membership Information 238

EDITORIAL STAFF Harry F. Olscm Ed;:c? Emeritus

Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor, Jacqueline H a ~ e y Managing Editor,

Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis, Special Publications Assistant Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Joan P. Goldenberg, Special Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Assor' .C Publications Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley B. Blesser R. W. Burhans R. C. Cabot M. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster

M. B. Gardner R. C. Heyser W. J. J. Hoge J. M. Hol!ywood T. Holman P. Kanirowiiz J. M. Kates D. i. Kiepper

P. W. Klipsch J. H. Kogen J. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen M. H. Scnroeder

R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick D. R. von Recklinghausen E. M. viiicnur J. V. White J. G. if\loodwara

Journal of the Audio Enqineerinq Society (ISSN 004-7554 X). Volume 27. No. 3. 1979 March. Published monthly except Jan~ary February and - ~ l y A ~ g ~ s t wnen pdbtlsnea b montn~y ~y the Addlo Eng~neerlng Soc~ety and sJpplleato a1 memDers In uood stand no Puol~caton ana E x e c ~ t ~ v e OHms -1ncotn B-1.0 no 60 East 42na Street Nee Vorr NY 1001 7 Second c~ass postage paid-at New York. NY and at additional malllng olflces. Subscription to nonmembers. $45.M) (surface mall); $75.00 (alrmall, dlrea delivery). All material published in thls Journal is copyrighted 1979 by the Audio Englneerlng Society and all rights reserved. lnqulries should be sent to the Publicalions Office at the address above. The "Journal of the Audlo Englneerlng Soclsty" and its cover design have been registered as a trademark In the Un~ted States Patent Office.

- - - - --

OFFICERS 1978-79 John G. McKnight Pres~dent Peter K. BurkowitzPresrdent-Elect Geoffrey M. Langdon Vlce Presrdent, Eastern

Region Robert B. Schulein Vice Presrdent, Central

Reoron " C. Dale Manquen Vrce Presrdent, Western

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vlce Presrdent, Europe

Region Stephen F. Temmer Vrce Pres~dent,

lnternatronal Donald W. PowersSecretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. PlunkettExecut~ve Drrector

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunkett Hanfendeloo Emil L. Torick

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Howard M. Durbin Admrssrons Warren Rex IsomAwards C. Dale Manquen Convent~on Polrcy Geoffrey L. Wilson Educat~on Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Hrstorrcal Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resolutrons John M. Woram Membershrp Emil L. Torick Nominabons Han Tendeloo Publrcat~ons Polrcy Arthur E. GruberRegional& Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. CookeSustarnrng Memberships Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION

Jacqueline Harvey Manager, SubscriptionsiAdvertrsing

Margaret McLaughlinAdrninistrat/ve Assrstant, Mernbershrp Servrces

Rita SnyderAdminrstrat~ve Assrstant, Accountrng

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address. Aud~o Engineering Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (21 2-661-8528). Manuscr~pts, edtto- rial, advert~slng and subscription correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (212-661-2355) at above address. Regional Offices: Europe Office, Europe Reg~on; Zevenbunderslaan 14219, 6-1190 Vorst, Brussels, Belg~um. United Kingdom Office, Brit~sh Sect~on, Audro Engrneer~ng Soclety Ltd., 32 Knoll Rlse, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office; Japan Section; C/o Japan Audio Society, Mor~ Bldg., 14-34 J~ngurnae l-chome, Sh~buya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO EN GIN EERING SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS VOLUME 27 NUMBER 4 1979 APRIL

PAPERS Three FM Methods for Measuring Tracking Angles of Phono Pickups

James V . White and Arthur J . Gust 242 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Digital Waveshaping Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marc Le Brun 250 Sound Levels and Spectra of Rock Music

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Cabot, C. Roy Genter I I , and Thomas Lucke 267

ENGINEERING REPORTS A Vibration-Stabilizer System for Phonograph Reproduction

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C.RogerAnderson 285 A Novel Precision Testing Technique for Intensive Care

Instrumentation.. . . . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W . H . Buchsbaum 291

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "A Preliminary Evaluation of 360-Degree Concert

Halls" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. Robert Ashley 295 Comments on "A Method for Measuring Transient Intermodulation

Distortion (TIM)" (E. Leinonen, M. Otala, and J . Curl, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 25, pp. 170-1 77 (1977 April]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert R. Cordell 295

Authors' Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Matti Otala, Eero Leinonen, and John Curl 296 Comments on "Correlation of Audio Distortion Measurements"

(E. Leinonen and M. Otala, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 26, pp. 12-19 11978 JanuaryIFebruaryl) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Robert R. Cordell 297

Authors' Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eero Leinonen anti Matti Otala 298 Comments on "Computer-Aided Loudspeaker System Design Part 1:

Synthesis Using Optimization Techniques" (G. J. Adams, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 26, pp. 826-837 11978 November] ) . . . . . . . .J. Ross Macdonald 300

Corrections to "Slope Distortion and Amplifier Design" P.Garde 302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . Correction to "AES Technical Committees and Technical Council" 302 Correction to "CCIR/ARM: A Practical Noise-Measurement Method"

R. Dolby, D . Robinson, and R. Gundry 302 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS Review of Acoustical Patents.. 305 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 Hiring in the Audio Industry: Shopping the Audio Market . . . 326

"You May Be an Engineer, But Available Literature. . . . . . . . . . . 330 Can You Drive the Train?" Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 331

. . . . . . . . . B. Plunkett and D . G. Fink 308 Membership Information 332 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 317 In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336



Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela DavisSpecial Publications Assistant Abbie J. Cohen Associate Editor Joan P. Goldenberg Special Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate Publications Assistant

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H. Small B. Blesser R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen T. G. Stockham, Jr. R. W. Burhans W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L.Torick M. Camras T. Holman J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz D. Preis E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Queen J. V. White E. J. Foster 0. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Englneerlng Society (ISSN 0047554 X). Volume 27, No. 4, 1979 Aprll Published monthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyIAugust when publ~shed blrnonthly, by the Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Society and supplled to all members In good stand~ng. Publicat~on and Execut~ve Offlces, Llncoln Bu~ldlng, 60 East 42nd Street. New York. NY 10017 Second- class postage pald at New York, NY and at add~t~onal malllng off~ces Subscr~pt~on to nonmembers, $45 00 (sllrface mall). $75 00 (alrrnail, d~rect delivery). All rnaterlal published In thls Journal 1s copyr~ghted (c; 1979 by the Aud~o Englneer~ng Soclety and all rlghts reserved, lnqulries should be sent to the Publ~cat~ons Offlceat the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and tts cover des~yn l~ave been registered as a trademark In the Un~ted States Patent Off~ce

AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 5 1979 MAY

Loudspeaker Cabinet Reflection Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . James M. Kates 338 Acoustic Specification and Design of Supreme Being

Studios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P. S. Penner 351 The Effect of Loudspeaker Radiation Patterns on Stereo Imaging

and Clarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel Queen 368

ENGINEERING REPORTS Accurate Measurement of Tape-Head Wear Using Isotopes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . r e Semer e n 380 Multidimensional Audio: Part I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Henning Moller 386

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR The Benefits and Dangers of Standardization . . . . . Stephen F. Temmer 394

STANDARDS StandardsNews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398

DEPARTMENTS 62nd Convention Report . . . . . . 406 Shopping the Audio Market . . . 438 Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 442 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 445 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 430 Membership Information . . . . . . 446 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,434 In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .453

Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . . .454



Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis Special Publ~cations Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch R. H.Small B. Blesser R. C. Heyser J. H. Kogen T. G. Stockham, Jr. R. W. Burhans W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I.Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick M. Camras T. Holman J.T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz D. Preis E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Queen J. V. White E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. R. Schroeder J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Soclety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 27, No. 5, 1979 May. Published monthly except JanuaryiFebruary and JulyIAugust when published bimonthly, by the Audlo Engineering Society and supplied to all members In good standing. Publ~catlon and Executive Offices, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017. Second- class postage pald at New York, NY and at addltonal mailing offlces. Subscription to nonmembers, $45.00 (surface mail): $75.00 (airmail, direct delivery). All material published in this Journal IS copyrighted 1979 by the Audlo Eng~neering Society and all rlghts reserved. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publ~cat~ons Office at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover design have been registered as a trademark in the Un~ted States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE John G. McKnight President Peter K. Burkowitz President-Elect Geoffrey M. Langdon Vice President, Eastern


Region C. Dale Manquen Vrce President, Western

Region Raymond E. Cooke V~ce President, Europe

Region Stephen F. Temmer Vice Presrdent,

International Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executive D~ectOr

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, IH Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunkett Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson John M. Woram

L

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Howard M. Durbin Adrn~ss~ons Warren Rex lsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Convention Policy Geoffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historical Peter K. Burkowitz L;.ws & Resolutions John M. Woram Membersh~p Emil L. Torick Nommat~ons Han Tendeloo Publ~cations Policy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sect~onal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. CookeSustaining Memberships Richard H. Campbell Technical Council Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION

Jacqueline Harvey Manager, Subscript~ons/Advertis~ng

Rita Snyder Adminrstrar~ve Assrstant, Accounttng

Theresa Toth Adm~nistrative Assistant, EDPIMembership Servlces

SOClETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters eddress: Audio Englneerlng Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (21 2-661-8528). Manuscr~pts, editorial, advertising and subscr~ption correspondence should be addresssd to Editorial Office (212-661-2355) at above address. Reglonal Offices: Europe Offlce; Europe Reglon, Zevenbunderslaan 14219, B-1190 Vorst, Brussels, Belglum. United Kingdom Offlce; British Sectlon; Audlo Englneering Societ Ltd , 32 Knoll R~se, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 EL, England. Japan Office, Japan Sectlon; Japan Audto Soc~et Mor~ Bldg., 14-34 Jingumae 1-chorne, &hlbuya-ku, Tokyo 15C, Japan.

AUDIO ENGlNEEl lNl i SOEIETV - - -

AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS / APPLICA'I-IONS

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 6 1979 JUNE

PAPERS On RlAA Equalization Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stanley P. Lipshitz 458 Improving TV Audio at the Broadcast Transrriitter-Receiver Interface

DanielT.Talbot 482 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minimum Harmonic Distortion Levels in Ideal Loudspeakers

Daniel R. Raichel 492 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ENGINEERING REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multidimensional Audio: Part 2 Henning M~ l l e r 496

Conference Systems Using Infrared-Light Techniques H. -J. Griese 503 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS Review of Acoustical Patents . . 508 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 533

. . . . . . 1979 AES Sections Directory. 513 Membership Information. 534 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528 In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538 Shopping the Audio Market . . . 530 Call for Papers-64th Con- Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 532 vention, New York . . . . . . . . . . 539



Journal Special Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis Special Publications Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Editorial Associate

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. 8. Cardner P. W. Klipsch 8. Blesser R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. F. McGill C. R. Cable ':V. J. J. Hoge J. G. NlcKnight R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog M. Camras T. Holman J. A. Moorer D. H. Coop9r P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Preis E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Queen

M. R. Schroedor R. H. Small f. G. Stockham: Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick D. R. von Recklinghausen E. M. Villchur J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~? Englneerlng Soclety (ISSN 0C-1-7554 X), Volume 27, No 6, 1979 June. Publisr,ed monthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyIAugust when published blmonthiy, by the Audio Englneering Society and suppiled to all members in good stand~ng Publicat~on and Executive Offices, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017. Second- class postage pald at New York, NY and at additional mailing offices. Subscription to nonmembers, $45.00 (surface mail). $75.00 (alrmall, direct delivery). All materlal publ:shed in this Journai~scopyrighted 0 1979 by the Aud~o Englneering Soclety and all rights reserved. lnqulries should be sent to the Publlcat~ons Off~ce at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Soclew' and 11s cover des~gn have been registered as a trademark in the United States Patent Office

JOURNAL OF THE

Region Stephen F. Temmer Vrce President,

lnternat~onal Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Execut~ve Dlrector

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunkett Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson JohnM. Woram

COMMllTEE CHAIRMEN

Howard M. Durbin Admrssrons Warren Rex fsorn Awards C. Dale Manquen Convent~on Polrcy Geoffrey L. Wilson Educatron Arthur E. Gruber Frnance Donald J. Plunkett H~stor~ccal Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resolut~ons John M. Woram Membershrp Emil L. Torick Nomrnatrons Han Tendeloo Publrcatrons Pohcy Arthur E. Gruber Regronal & Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustarnrng Membershrps Richard H. Campbell Technrcal Councrl Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION

Jacqueline Harvey Manager, Subscr~pt~ons/Advertrs~ng

Rita Snyder Admrn~stratrve Ass~st~nt, Accountrng

Theresa Toth kdrnmrstrat~ve Assfifant, EDP/A4oi?ber$hl,n Serv~cps

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address Audlo Englneerlng Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017 (21 2-661-8528) Manuscr~pts, edltorlal, advertlslng and subscrlpt~on correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (21 2-66 1-2355) at above address. Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Reglon; Zevenbunderslaan 14219, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belglurn United Kingdom Office; Brltlsh Sect~on, Audlo Englneer~ng Soclety Ltd., 32 Knoll Rlse, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office; Japan Sect~on, Japan Audlo Soclety, Morl Bldg , 14-34 Jingurnae 1-chome, Shlbuya-ku, Tokyo 150. Japan.

RUOlO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 718 1979 JULYIAUGUST

PAPERS

Long-Waveiength Response of Magnetic Heads with Beveled Outer Edges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dennis A. Lindholm 542

Synthesis of High-Pass Filtered Loudspeaker Systems Part I -Isolated Filters Driving Second-Order (Closed-Box) Systems

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J.E.Benson 548

ENGINEERING REPORTS

Multidimensional Audio: Part 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Henning M ~ l l e r 562 Suppression of Low-Level Impulse Noise . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Burwen 568

COMMUNICATIONS

Computer Program for Chebyshev C1 Loudspeaker Alignment Ripple Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JohnKing 573

Overview of Disco Sound Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alex Rosner 576

STANDARDS

Standards News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS

63rd Convention Report . . . . . . 588 Shopping the Audio Market . . . 622 Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595 Membership Information . . . . . . 625 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597 AES Annual Report.. . . . . . . . . . 631 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5 Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . . . 632 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 617 Cali for Papers-65th Con- News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 618 vention, London, United Available Literature. . . . . . . . . . . 620 Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635



Journal Specia! Publications lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Pamela Davis Special Publications Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor Assistant Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley B. Blesser R. W. Burhans C. R. Cable R. C. Cabot M. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster

U. B. Gardner R. A. Greiner R. C. Heyser W. J. J. Hoge Y. M. Hollywood T. Holman P. Kantrowitz 4. M. Kates D. L. Klepper

P W. Kiipsch J. H. Kegen .I. F. McGill 5. G. McKnight W. a. Moog J. A. Moorer Y. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen

M. W. Schroeder R. H. Sxa?! T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. 8. Torick D. R. von Recklinghausen E. M. Villchur J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo Erlyineet~ng Society (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volurnc 27. No. 718. 1979 JulytAugust Published mnnthly except JanuaryIFebruary and JulyIAugust when publlshed bimonthly, by the Audlo Eng~neerlng Soclety and supplld to all members In good standing Publhcat~on and Execut~ve Off~ces. L~ncoln Building. 60 East 42nd Street. New York, NY 10017 Second-class postage pad at New York. NY and at add~t~onal matltng offices Subscr~pt~on to nonmembers, $45 00 (surface mall), $75 00 (alrma~l, d~rect delivery) All mater~al publlshed In th~s Journal IS copyr~ghted ( < I 1979 by the Audlo Eng~neerlng Soclety and all r~ghts reserved. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publlcat~ons Offlce at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society'' and its cover design have been regis!ered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Off~ce.

OFFICERS 1978-79 John G. McKnight President Peter K. Burkowitr President-Elect Geoffrey M. Langdon Wce President, Eastern


Region C. Dale Manquen Vice President, Western


Region Stephen F-Temmer Vice President,

International Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunketi Executive Director

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunken Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson John M. Woram

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Howard M. Durbin Admissions Warren Rex lsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Convention Policv Geoffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historical Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resolut~ons John M. Woram Membership Emil L. Torick Nominations Han Tendeloo Publications Policy Arthur E. Gruber Regional& Sectionai

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustaining Memberships Richard H. Campbell Technical Council Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION


Theresa Toth Administrative Assistant, EDP/Membership Services

Pamela Davis Exhibits Coordinator

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address: Audio Eng~neertng Soclety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (21 2-661 -8528). Manuscripts, ed~tonal, advertlsfng and subscr~pt~on correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (212-661-2355) at above address. - Regional Offices: Europe Offlce; Europe Region; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, B-1190 Vorst, Brussels, Betglum United Kingdom Office, British Section; Audlo Engineer~ng Society Ltd., 32 Knoll Rise, Orplngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England Japan Office; Japan Sect~on, %Japan Audlo Soaety, Mor~ Bldg., 14-34 J~ngumae l-chome, Shlbuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

JOURNAL OF THE

RUD10 ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 9 1979 SEPTEMBER

PAPERS

Largesignal Performance of Audio Power Amplifiers in the Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Domain Phillip E. Allen 638

The Optimum Pivot Position on a Tone Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S. Takahashi, S. Taguchi, N. Kaneko, and Y. Fujimoto 648

. . . The Digital Coding of High-Quality Musical Sound James A. Moorer 657 Synthesis of High-Pass Filtered Loudspeaker Systems Part 1 (a)-

A Supplementary Note on QB2, SC3, and SC4 Alignments (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J.E.Benson 667

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A Digital "Phase Shifter" for Musical Applications, Using the Bell Labs (Alles-Fischer) Digital Filter Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Michael L. Beigel 673

COMMUNICATIONS

Practical and Aesthetic Microphone Techniques for Recording or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Broadcasting Symphonic Music Carson C. Taylor 677

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Comments on "Improvement of the Noise Characteristics of Amplifiers for Magnetic Transducers" (J. M. Hoeffelman and R. P. Meys, J. Audio

. . . . . . . . Eng. Soc., vol. 26, pp. 935- 939, [I 978 Dec.]) Ernst H. Nordholt 680 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Authors' Reply J. M. Hoeffelman and R. P. Meys 680

STANDARDS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Standards News 682

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents . . 688 Upcomjng Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 731 . . . . . . . . . 64th Convention News of the Sections 732

Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 734 Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 736 Exhibit Previews. . . . . . . . . . . . . 698 Membership Information . . . . . . 738


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abbie J. Cchen Senior Editor

Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/ lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Advertising

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. F. McGill T. G. Stockham, Jr. C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick M. Camras T. Holman J. A. Moorer D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Preis J. V. White E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Queen J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~o Engineering Soc~ety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 27. No 9. 1979 September. Publ~shed monthly except January/Februaryand July/August when published bimonthly, by the Audio Eng~neerlng Societyandsupplled toall members in good standing. Publlcatlon and Executive Offices, Lincoln Build~ng, 60 East 42nd Street, New York. NY 10017. Second- class postage pa~d at New York, NY and at add~t~onal mailing offices Subscrlptlon to nonmembers. $45.00 (surface mall): $75.00 (airmail, d~rect delivery). All mater~al published In thls Journal ~scopyrighted 0 1979 by the Audlo Englneerlng Soclety ana a , r yllts (esetved nqJ r,es snoJd oesentroihc P..bl cat o n s o l cs ar theannrossnbo\e T'I? 'Journal of the Audio Engineering Society and 11, over des qn naic? been reg slcrod as d trademar6 ~n rne Jnltec States Patent Office

OFFICERS 1978-79 John G. McKnight Presrdent Peter K. Burkowitz Presrdent-Elect Geoffrey Mu Langdon Vice President, Eastern

Region Robert B. Schulein Wce Presrdent, Central

Regron C. Dale Manquen Wce Presrdent, Western

Region Raymond E. Cooke V~ce Presrdent, Europe

Regron Stephen F. Temmer Vrce Presrdent,

lnternatronal *"- - Donald W. Powers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunketi Executive Director

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Duane H. Cooper Howard M. Durbin Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Bradley Plunkett Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick Geoffrey L. Wilson John M. Woram

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Howard M. Durbin Admissions Warren Rex lsom Awards C. Dale Manquen Conventron Polrcy Geoffrey L. Wilson Education Arthur E. Gruber Frnance Donald J. Plunketi Historical Peter K. Burkowitz Laws & Resolutrons John M. Woram Membershrp Emil L. Torick Nomrnatrons Han Tendeloo Publ~cations Polrcy Arthur E. Gruber Regronal & Sectronal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Raymond E. Cooke Sustarnrng Memberships Richard H. Campbell Technrcal Councrl Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION

Rita Snyder Admmrstrative Assrstant, Accountrng

Theresa Toth Adminrstrative Assistant, EDP/Membersh~p Services

Pamela Davis Exhrb~ts Coordrnator Ann Smyth Convention/Conference

Coordinator

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address. Aud~o Eng~neerlng Soc~ety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (21 2-661-8528). Manuscripts, edlto- rial, advertis~ng and subscrlptlon correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (212-661-2355) at above address. Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Reglon; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belglum United Kingdom Office; Brltlsh Section; Audio Eng~neerlng Soc~ety Ltd., 32 Knoll R~se, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England Japan Office, Japan Sectlon, % Japan Aud~o Soc~ety, Mor~ Bldg , 14-34 Jlngumae 1-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY VOLUME 27 NUMBER 10 1979 OCTOBER

PAPERS

Low-Cost Alternatives in High-Quality State-Variable Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DouglasC.Frey 750

Digital Synthesis of Complex Spectra by Means of Multiplication of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonlinear Distorted Sine Waves. Daniel Arfib 757

Synthesis of High-Pass Filtered Loudspeaker Systems Part 2 -Isolated Filters Driving Fourth-Order (Reflex) Systems (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J.E. Benson 769

Auditory Backward Inhibition in Concert Halls: The Parallelism Be- tween Vision and Hearing Suggests New Features in Room Acoustics (Reprint) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Georg Von BBk6sy 780

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A Dropout Annoyance Measuring Apparatus "DAMA" to Check Mag- netic Tapes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D. J. H. Admiraal 788

Microprocessor Mixing and Processing of Digital Audio Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. W. McNally 793

STANDARDS

Standards News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 804

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents . ,808 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 836 Review of Society's Sustaining Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 840

. . Mlembers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 6 Shopping the Audio Market. 842 . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections. . . . . . . . . 834 Available Literature 846

. . . . . Membership Information. 847


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor

Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/ lngeborg M. Stochmal copy Editor Advertising

REVIEW BOARD


M. B. Gardner R. A. Greiner R. C. Heyser W. J. J. Hoge J. M. Hollywood T. Holman P. Kantrowitz J. M. Kates D. L. Klepper

P. W. Klipsch J. H. Kogen J. F. McGill J. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. A. Moorer J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen

M. R. Schroeder R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick D. R. von Recklinghausen E. M. Vtllchur J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Soclety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 27, No 10, 1979 October Published monthly except JanuaryiFebruary and JulyiAugustwhen publ~shed b~monthly, bythe Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Soc~ety and suppl~ed to all members In good standlng Publlcatlon and Executive Olflces, Llncoln Bulld~ng, 60 East 42nd Street. New York. NY 10017 Second- class postage paid at New York, NY and at additional malllng off~ces Subscr~pt~on to nonmembers. $45 00 (surface mall). $75.00 (alrmall, d~rect delivery). All material publ~shed In thls Journal ~scopyrlghted f> 1979 by the Audlo Englneering Soclety and all rlghts reserved lnqulrles should be sent to the Publ~catlons Off~ce at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover design have been registered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Office.

A U D I O I ACOUSTICS 1 APPLICATIONS

Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. Wce Presrdent, Western Regron VOLUME 27 NUMBER 11

J6rg Sennheiser Vice Presrdent, Europe Region

Raymond E. Cooke Vrce Presrdent, lnternatronal PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE

John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer The Challenge of the Eighties

Donald J. Plunkett Executive Drrector

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Geoffrey M. Langdon C. Dale Manquen Bradley Plunkett Stephen F. Temmer Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick John M. Woram

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Bradley Plunkett Admissrons Emil L. Torick Awards C. Dale Manquen Conventron Policy Almon H. Clegg Educatron Arthur E. Gruber Frnance Donald J. Plunkett H~stor~cal Raymond M. Dolby Laws & Resolutrons Donald W. Powers Mernbershrp John G. McKnight Nommat~ons Han Tendeloo Publrcatrons Polrcy Arthur E. Gruber Regronal & Sectronal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Stephen F. Temmer Sustarnrng Membershrps

PAPERS

An All-Digital "Commentary Grade" Subband Coder J . D. Johnston and R . E . Crochiere 855 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A Unified 4-4-4, 4-3-4, 4-2-4 SQ'"Compatible System of Recording and FM Broadcasting (USW") . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Benjamin B. Bauer 866

ENGINEERING REPORTS

Maintenance Procedures for Ferrite Heads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C. Dale Manquen and Joe Martinson 881

Acoustic Feedback - Its Influence on Speech Intelligibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sverre Stensby, A s b j ~ r n Krokstad, and Svein S ~ r s d a l 887

Loudspeaker Athletics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jeffrey N. White 891

Richard H. Campbell Technical Council Werner H. Freitag Tellers EDITORIAL STAFF

ADMINISTRATION Harry F. Olson Ed~tor Ementus Robert 0. Fehr Edrtor

Rita Snyder Adrnrnrstrative Assrstant, Accounting

Theresa Toth Admrnistrative Assrstant, EDP/Membershrp Servrces

Pamela Davis Exhrbrts Coordrnator

Ann Smyth Conventron/Conference Coordrnator

1979 NOVEMBER

Peter K . Burkowitz 854

PERSONAL CALCULATOR PROGRAMS

Airborne Noise: A Personal Calculator Program for A-Weighted Sound- Pressure Level, Noise-Rating Evaluation, and Preferred Noise Criterion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ben Bernield 899

DEPARTMENTS

. . . Review of Acoustical Patents. ,906 Shopping the Audio Market 938 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AES Officers 1979/80. 91 8 Upcoming Meetings .939

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections. 930 Available Literature.. 940 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934 Membership Information . . . . . . 942

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address. Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (21 2-661 -8528) Manuscripts, ed~torial, advert~s~ng and subscr~pt~on correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (21 2-661 -2355) at above 'address Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Reg~on; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, B-1190 Vorst, Brussels, Belg~um United Kingdom Office; Br~t~sh Section, Audro Engineering Society Ltd., 32 Knoll Rlse, Orp~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office, Japan Sect~on. % Jawan Aud~o Soc~etv. Mor~ Blda..

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/

lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Advertising

REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. F. McGill T. G. Stockham, Jr. C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick M. Camras T. Holman J. A. Moorer D. R. von Recklinghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin E. M. Villchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Preis J. V. White E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Queen J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Eng~neer~ng Soclety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 27, No 11, 1979 November Puhi~shed monthly except January/February and July/August when publlshed b~monthly, by the Audlo Englnecrlng Soclety and strppl~ed to all members In good stand~ng Publlcatlon and Executive Off~ces. Llncoln Building. 60 East 42nd Street. New York. NY 10017 Second- class postage pald at New York. NY arid at add~t~onal ma~llng off~ces Subscrtptlon to nonmembers. $45 00 (surtace mall) $75 00 (alrmatl, d~rect del~very) All rnaterlal publlshed In thls Journal IS copyr~ghted (<'I 1979 by the Audro Er~g~neer~ng Soclety and all rlghts reserved lnqu~rtes should be sent to the Publicat~ons Off~ce at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover des~gn have been reg~stered as a trademark in the Un~ted States Patent Offtce.

OFFICERS 1979-80 JOURNAL OF THE Peter K. Burkowitz President Ray Dolby Pres~dent-Elect Erik A. Porterfield Hce Pres~dent,

Eastern Reg~on Harold F. Mosier, Jr. V~ce Presldent,

Central Reg~on Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. Vice Presldent,

Western Regron Jdrg Sennheiser Vrce Pres~dent, Europe

Regron Raymond E. Cooke Wce President,

lnternat~onal John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executive Dlrector

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Geoffrey M. Langdon C. Dale Manquen Bradley Plunkett Stephen F. Temmer Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick John M. Woram

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Bradley Plunkett Admlssrons Emil L. Torick Awards C. Dale Manquen Convention Policy Almon H. Clegg Education Arthur E. Gruber Flnance Donald J. Plunkett H~stor~cal Ray Dolby Laws & Resolutions Donrrld W. Powers Membersh~p John G. McKnight NominaT~ons Han Tendeloo Publicat~ons Pobcy Arthur E. Gruber Reg~onal& Sect~onal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Stephen F. Temmer Sustain~ng Membersh~ps Richard H. Campbell Technrcal Councrl Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION


Theresa Toth Administrative Assistant, EDP/Membership Services


Ann Smyth Convention/Conference Coordinator

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address Audlo Englneerlng Soclety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (21 2-661-8528) Manuscripts, ed~to- rlal, advertls~ng and subscr~ptlon correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (21 2-661-2355) at above address Regional Offices: Europe Office, Europe Reglon, Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belgium United Kingdom Office, Br~tlsh Sectlon, Audio Eng~neer~ng Soclety Ltd , 32 Knoll R~se, Or Ington, Kent BR6 OEL. England Japan gfiice, Japan Sect~on, C/o Japan Aud~o Socrety, Mor~ Bldg 14-34 .Ilngumae I-chome, Shlbuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Jspan

lUDlO ENGINEERING SOCIETY - - - - - - - - - - - - -. - -

AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 27 NUMBER 12 1979 DECEMBER

PAPERS On the Specification of Moving-Coil Drivers for Low-Frequency Horn-

Loaded Loudspeakers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Marshall Leach, Jr. 950 Acoustical Impulse Response of Interior Spaces

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard G. Cann and Richard H. L.yon 960

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A Triphonic Sound Reproduction System Using Coincident Micro- phones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard C. Cabot 965

Production Testing of Loudspeakers Using Digital Techniques L.R.Fincham 970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A Long-Play Digital Audio Disk System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toshi Tada Doi, Takashi Itoh, and Hiroshi Ogawa 975

Practical Solid-State Integrated Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R.R.BussandD.B.Cox 982

STANDARDS

Standards News

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents . 998 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1036 64th Convention Report. . . . . 1004 Shopping the Audio Market. . 1038 Exhibitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 1 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . 1 040 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1014 Membership Information . . . . 1041

. . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings.. 1033 Call for Papers-66th Con- News of the Sections . . . . . . . . 1034 vention, Los Angeles, 1980 1045

index to Volume 27. . . . . . . . . . 1047


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abbie J. Cohen Senlor Editor

Editor Gerri M. Calarnusa Production Ed~tor/ lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Advertising

REVIEW BOARD


M. B. Gardner R. A. Greinea R. @. Heyser W. J. 4. Hoge J. M. Hollywood T. Holman P. Kantrowitz J. M. Kates D. L. Klepper

P. W. Klipsch J. H. Kogen J. F. McGill J. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. A. kloorer J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen

FA. R. Schroeder R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Tosick D. R. van Wecklinghausen E. M. Villchur J. V. White J. G. Woodward

.Journal of tile Audlo Eng~neerlng Soclctv (1SSF.I 004-7554 X). Voliime 27 No 12. 1979 Cecembcr Published rnonthly except Jariuary~February and July/A!igi~st when published blmonthly, by the Aiido Ei i r j~~ ieer~nq Society and suppllcd to all lncnlbers In good standlnq Publlcaton and Executive Off~ces, L~ncoln Bu~lding. 60 East 42nd Street. New York NY 10017 Secor~d~ class postage paid at New York NY and at add~tronal ~na~ l l ny oftices Subscr~ptlon to nonmembers. $45 00 Is!.+ace mail). $75 00 (alrrnail, direct delivt:ry) All ni;:terlal piiblished ~n this Journal IS copyr\yt~led , 1979 by the u d i i . F~(jini-eitrlg Soclciy and all rights reserved Inqu~r~es sho~ild bc sent!o the Publ~cat~ons Off~ce at the address abovi: The 'Journal of the Audio Engineering Society' a m 11s cover des~gn have been reg~stered as a trademark I : tlic Uri~ted States Went Office

OF FlCERS 1979-80 Peter K. Burkowitz President Ray Dolby Presrdent-Elect Erik A. Porterfield Vice President,

Eastern Regron Harold F. Mosier, Jr. Vice President,

ifi AUDIO I ACOUSTICS EH~HEERIIG I APPLICATIONS SOEIETV Central Region

Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. V/ce Pres~dent, Western Region

J6rg Sennheiser Wce President, Europe Region VOLUME 28 NUMBER 1/2 1980 JANUARY/FEBRUARY

Raymond E. Cooke Vice President, International

John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer PAPERS

Donald J. Plunkett Executive Drrector Feedforward Error Correction i n Power Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . John Vanderkooy and Stanley P L~pshltz 2

BOARD OF GOVERNORS The Dependence of Loudspeaker Design Parameters on the Properties of Magnetic Fluids . . . . . . . W Bottenberg, L. Mellllo, and K Raj 17

Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Geoffrey M. tangdon C. Dale Manquen Bradley Plunkett ENGINEERING REPORTS Stephen F. Temmer . . . . . . . . . . . Han Tendeloo

JE-990 Discrete Operational Amplifier Deane Jensen 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emil L. Torick Dipole Radiator Systems R J Newman 35

John M. Woram Those Early Late Arrivals! Mr. Haas, What Would You Do?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cec~ l Cable and R. Curtls Enerson 40

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Bradley Plunkett Admrssions Emil L. Torick Awards DEPARTMENTS C. Dale Manquen Convention Policy Almon H. Clegg Educatron Review of \Acoustical Patents . 46 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . 76

. . . . . . . . . . . . Arthur E. Gruber Finance 65th Convention Preview 54 Available Literature 82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Donald J. Plunkett Hrstorical Exhibitors 56 Upcoming Meetings 83

. . . . . . . . . . . . Ray Dolby Laws & Resolutions Exhibit Previews 58 Membership Information 84 . . . . . . . . . . . Donald W. Powers Membershrp News of the Sections 74 In Memoriam . 93

John G. McKnight Norninatrons Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . 94 Han Tendeloo Publications Policy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards EDlTORBAL STAFF Stephen F. Temmer Sustainrng Memberships Harry F. Olson Edrtor Emeritus Richard H. Campbell Technrcal Councrl Robert 0. Fehr Edrtor Werner H. Freitag Tellers Patricia M. Macdonald Managrng Abbie J. Cohen Senror Edrtor

Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Productron Edrtor/

ADMINISTRATION lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Edrtor Advertrsrng

Rita Snyder Administrative Assrstant, Accounting

Theresa Toth Admrnrstratrve Assrstant, EDP/Membershlp Services


Ann Smyth Convention/Conference Coordrnator

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address: Audto Englneertng Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (212-661 -8528). Manuscripts, editorial, advertising and subscription correspondence should be addressed t o Editorial Office (21 2-661-2355) at above address, Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Reg~on; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belgrurn. United Kingdom Office; British Section; Audio Engtneering Society Ltd , 32 Knoll R~se, Or ~ngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England Japan 8ffice; Japan Section; %Japan Audlo Soclety, Mor~ Bldg , 14-34 Jtngurnae 1-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

REVIEW BOARD




M. R. Schroeder R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick D. R. von Recklinghausen E. M. Villchur J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journalofthe Audlo Engineertng Soctety (ISSN 004-7554X). Volume28. No 1/2, 1980 Januaty/February. Published monthly except January/February and July/August when publlshed b~montt,ly, by the Audio Englneer~ng Society and supplled to all members In good standing Publ~cat~ons and Executive Offlces, L~ncoin Bu~ldlng. 60 East 42nd Street. New York. NY 10017. Second-class postage pald at Ut~ca. NY Subscription to nonmembers, $45.00 (surface mall), $75.00 (alrmall, d~rect delivery) All rnaterlal publlshed In thls Journal ~scopyr~ghted a 1980by the Audvo Engineer~ng Soctety andall rlghts resewed. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publ~cat~ons Offlce at the address above. The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and ~ t s cover deslgn have been regtstered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Offtce

OFFICERS 1979-80 Peter K. Burkowitz President Ray Dolby President-Elect Erik A. Porterfield Vice President,

Eastern Region Harold F. Mosier, Jr. Vice President,

Central Region Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. Vice President,

Western Region Jdrg Sennheiser Vice President, Europe

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vice President,

International John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executive Director

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom Geoffrey M. Langdon C. Dale Manquen John G. McKnight Bradley Pfunkett Stephen F. Temmer Han Tendeloo Emil L. Torick

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

Bradley Plunkett Admissrons Emil L. Torick Awards C. Dale Manquen Conventron Pohcy Almon H. Clegg Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historrcal Ray Dolby Laws & Resolutions Donald W. Powers Membershrp John G. McKnlght Nornrnations Hen Tendeloo Publications Polrcy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sectronal

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Stephen F. Temmer Sustarnrng Memberships Richard ti. Campbell Technical Council Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION

Rita Snyder Admrnrstratrve Assistant, Accounting

Theresa Toth Admmistrative Assistant, EDP/Membershrp Servrces

Pamela Davis Exhibits Coordrnator

Ann Smyth Convention/Conference Coordinator

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address: Audlo Eng~neerlng Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 1001 7 (212-661 -8528). Manuscripts, ed~to- r~al, advertlslng and subscrlpt~on correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Omce (212-661-2355) at above address. Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Reglon; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels. Belg~um. United Kingdom Office; Brltlsh Sect~on, Audlo Eng~neerlng Soclety Ltd., 32 Knoll R~se, Or ington, Kent BR6 OEL, England Japan 8ffice; Ja&n Sect~on, % Japan Audto Society, Morl Bldg., 14-34 J~ngumae 1-chome, Shlbuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY VOLUME 28 NUMBER 3 1980 MARCH

PAPERS Psychoacoustic Detection Threshold of Transient Intermodulation

Distortion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. Petri-Larmi, M. Otala, and J. Lammasniemi 98 A General-Purpose Digital Synthesizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter R. Samson 106 Which Bandwidth is Necessary for Optimal Sound Transmission?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. Plenge, H. Jakubowski, and P. Schone 114

ENGINEERING REPORTS A Fresh Approach to Audio Console Design

. . . . . . . . . . . . . J. C. Brown, M. K. Armstrong, A. L. Treby, and D. L. Wiilis 120 Compatible Stereophonic Broadcasting Systems for Spatial

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reproduction J. J. Geluk 136

COMMUNICATIONS New Audio Transformations in Acoustical Transduction Based on

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Optical Principles George Philip Johnson 140

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR More on "Loudspeaker Cabinet Reflection Effects" (J. M. Kates, J.

Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 27, pp. 338- 350 11979 May]) . . . . James M. Kates 150 Comments on "Practical and Aesthetic Microphone Techniques for

Recording or Broadcasting Symphonic Music" (C. C. Taylor, J. Audio Eng. Soc., [Communications], vol. 27, pp. 677- 679 11979 Sept.1)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MichaelNemo 150 Author's Reply to Comments on "Practical and Aesthetic Microphone

Techniques for Recording or Broadcasting Symphonic Music" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CarsonC.Taylor 150

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 67, pp. 357- 360, 1980

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . January) 152

DEPARTMENTS Review of Acoustical Patents. . 160 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 66th Convention Preview . . . . . 164 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 196

Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 197 Exhibit Previews . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Membership Information . . . . . . 200




REVIEW BOARD

J. R. Ashley B. Blesser R. W. Burhans C. R. Cable R. C. Cabot #. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster




Journal of the Audio Eng~neering Soc~ety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 28, No. 3, 1980 March. Publ~shed monthly except January/February and July/August when publlshed bimonthly, by the Audlo Engtneerlng Society and sr~ppl~ed to all members In good standing Publ~cattons and Executive Off~ces, L~ncoln Bulldlng, 60 East 42nd Street, New York. NY 10017. Second-class postage pa~d at Uttca, NY. Subscrlptlon to nonmembers, $45.00 (surface mall), $75.00 (alrmall, d~rect delivery). All materlal publlshed ~n th!s Journal ts copyr~ghted 6 1980 by the Aud~o Englneerlng Soc~ely and all rlghts resewed lnqulrles should be sent to the Publlcahons Offtce at the address above The "Journal of the Audlo Engineering Society" and ~ts cover deslgn have been reg~stered as a trademark In the Untted States Patent Offtce.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO / ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS VOLUME 28 NUMBER 4 1980 APRIL

PAPERS Improved Real-Ear Tests for Stereophones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jon R. Sank Ultra-Low-Noise Preamplifier for Moving-Coil Phono Cartridges

Ernst H. Nordholt and Ronald M. van Vierzen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ENGINEERING REPORTS PCM Program Transmission and Communication Network for the Nor-

wegian Broadcasting Corporation Richard Andersen and Knut Rdnning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Shape of Recording Studios to Come . . . . . . . . . . . Michael Rettinger A New Piezoelectric Driver Enhances Horn Performance

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J o n a t h a n R.Bost Shaped Tone-Burst Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Siegfried Linkwitz

DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNICAL COMMllTEE REPORTS Minutes of the Meeting of the Digital Audio Technical Committee (1979

November 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bart Locanthi Consumer Use PCM Encoder-Decoder 1979-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Electrotechnical Commission Technical Committee 60:

Recording Subcommittee 60A: Sound Recording . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Questionnaire Prior to Digital Audio Standardization

BjornBliithgen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 67, pp. 1083- 1.086, 1980

March) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AES Standards News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FEATURE AES: Your Professional Society and How It Works for You

Peter K. Burkowitz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Membership Information . . . . . . News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 288 Announcing the 67th Conven- Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 289 tion, New York . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature. . . . . . . . . . . 290 Audio Engineering Society Shopping the Audio Market . . . 291 Bylaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .


Robert 0. Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abble J. Cohen Senior Editor

Editor Gerri M. Caiamusa Production Editor/ lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Advertising

REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. 6. Gardner P. W. Kllpsch M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser R. A. Grelner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. F. McGIll T. G. Stockham, Jr. C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torlck M. Camras T. Holman J. A. Moorer D. R. von Reckllnghausen D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowltz J. T. Mullln E. M. Vlllchur J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Preis J. V. Whlte E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Queen J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Soclety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 28, No. 4. 1980 Aprll. Publ~shed monthly except January/February and July/August when publlshed bimonthly, by the Audlo Englneerlng Soc~ety and suppited to all members in good standing. Publlcatlons and Execut~ve Offices, Lincoln Bullding. MI East 42nd Street, New Yotk, NY 10017. Second-class postage pa~d at Utica, NY. Subscription to nonmembers, $45.00 (surface mall), $75.00 (airmail, dlrectdelivery). All materlal publlshed In thls Journal IS copyrighted 0 1980 by the Aud~o Englneerlng Soc~ety and all rights reserved lnqulrles should be sent to the Publications mice at the address above. The ''Journal of the Audlo Englnwrlng Soci.ty" and its cover design have been registered as a trademark In the United States Patent Office.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO I ACOUSTICS I APPLICATIONS VOLUME 28 NUMBER 5 1980 MAY

PAPERS The Practical Application of Time-Delay Spectrometry in the Field

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cecil R. Cable and John K. Hilliard 302 Amplifier- Loudspeaker Interfacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R. A. Greiner 31 0

ENGINEERING REPORTS Distribution of the Phonograph Signal Rate of Change

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jorma Lammasniemi and Kari Nieminen 31 6 Dynamic-Range Limitations of Optical Couplers

W. Sansen, P. De Wit, and J. Geldhof 320 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phonograph Preamplifier Design Criteria: An Update

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TomlinsonHolman 325

COMMUNICATIONS Acoustical Communication Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. Mayr 331 Comments on "Acoustical Communication Theory" . . . James V. White 336 Author's Reply to Comments on "Acoustical Communication Theory"

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H.Mayr 339

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "Practical and Aesthetic Microphone Techniques for

Recording or Broadcasting Symphonic Music" (Carson C. Taylor, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 27, pp. 677- 679 [I 979 Sept.])

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cornelius H, van der Gragt 340 Author's Reply to Comments on "Practical and Aesthetic Microphone

Techniques for Recording or Broadcasting Symphonic Music" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CarsonC.Taylor 340

Comments on "Airborne Noise: A Personal Calculator Program for A- Weighted Sound-Pressure Level, Noise-Rating Evaluation, and Pre- ferred Noise Criterion" (Ben Bernfeld, J. Audio Eng. Soc., vol. 27, pp. 899- 904 [I979 Nov.]) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Josef Schoenbrun 341

Correction to "Loudness Compensation: Use and Abuse" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tomlinson Holman and Frank Kampmann 341

DEPARTMENTS Review of Acoustical Patents . . 342 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 384 65th Convention Report . . . . . . . 352 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 385

Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 Shopping the Audio Market . . . 387 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 Membership Information . . . . . . 389

Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382 Call for Papers-67th Con- . . . . Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 383 vention, New York, 1980 .399


Robert 0 . Fehr Editor Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor


REVIEW BOARD J. R. Ashley M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch B. Blesser R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. F. McGill C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog M. Camras T. Holman J. A. Moorer D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates D. Preis E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Queen


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 28, No. 5, 1980 May. Published monthly except January/February and July/August when published bimonthly, by the Aud~o Eng~neerlng Society and suppl~ed to all members in good standing. Publlcatlons and Executive Offices, Lincoln Building, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10017. Second- class postage paid at Utica, NY. Subscription to nonmembers, $45.00 (surface mall): $75.00 (airmail, direct del~very). All material published in this Journal is copyr~ghted 0 1980 by the Audio Engineering Society and all r~ghts resewed. lnqulrles should be sent to the Publicat~ons Office at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and its cover des~gn have been reg~stered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Ofl~ce


An Acoustic Power Monitor for Loudspeaker Testing . . . . . . . . . L A. Abbagnaro, 6 B Bauer, and E. L. Torick 402

~ouds~eaker Driver Phase Response: The Neglected Factor in Cross- over Network Design . . . . . . . . W. Marshall Leach, Jr 410

Using Distortion Products to Effect Automatic Frequency Control in FM Tuners . . . Henry Akiya, Susumu Matsuoka, and Michinori Naito 422

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A New PCM Audio Disk Pickup Employing a Laser Diode . . . . . . . . . K Okada, T. Kubo, W. Susakl, and T Sato 429

Miniature Microphone Using an Integrated Piezoresistive Pressure Transducer . . . . . . . . Jon R Sank 433


Calculator Program for Musical Notes . J M Bowsher 437

STANDARDS

Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 67, pp. 1844- 1847, 1980 . . . . 444

& Resolutions DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents 452 Available Literature 466 Midwest Acoustics Conference Upcoming Meetings . . 466

. . . . 456 Shopping the Audio Market 468 461 Membership Information . 470

Sound Track . . . . 464 Membership Form 478

EDITORIAL STAFF Harry F. Olson Ed~tor Emer~tus

Robert 0. Fehr Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senlor Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Product~on Editor/

Advertising

REVIEW BOARD

M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch M. R. Schroeder R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. H. Small

R. W. Burhans R. C. Heyser J. F. McGill T. G. Stockham, Jr. W. J. J. Hoge J. G. McKnight I. Thomas J. M. Hollywood R. A. Moog E. L. Torick T. Holman J. A. Moorer E. M. Villchur P. Kantrowitz J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen J. M. Kates D. Preis J. V. White D. L. Klepper D. Queen J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo Eng~neerlng Soc~ety (ISSN 004 7554 X) Volume 28 No 6 1980 June Published monthly except anuary/February and July/August when published b~rnonthly by the Audlo Engineering Soclety and suppiled to all members n good stand ng Publ~cat~ons and Executive Off~ces LlncolnBu~ld ng 60 East 42nd Street New York NY 10165 Second-

class postage pad at Utfca NY Subscr~ption to nonmembers $45 00 (surface mail) $75 00 (a~rmail d~rect del~very) All materlal published in thls Journal IS copyrlghted 1980 by thp Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Socety and all rlqhts reserved lnqu rles should be sent to the Publ~cations Off~ce at the address above The Journal of the Audlo Englneer~ng Society and ts cover design have been reg~stered as a trademark In the Unlted States Patent Off~ce

--

OFFICERS 1979-80 JOURNAL OF THE Peter K. Burkowitz Presrdent Ray Dolby Pres~dent-Elect Erik A. Porterfield V,ce Presrdent,

Eastern Regron Harold F. Mosier, Jr. Vrce Presrdent,

Central Regron Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. Vtce Presrdent,

Western Regron JQrg Sennheiser Vlce Presrdent, Europe

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vrce Presrdent,

lnternat~onal John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executlve Drrector

BOARD OF GOVERNORS

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS 1 APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 28 NUMBER 7/8 1980 JULY/AUGUST

PAPERS

Acoustic Radiation of a Horn Loudspeaker by the Finite Element Method -A Consideration of the Acoustic Characteristic of Horns . . . . . . . . . . . S. Morita, N. Kyono, S. Sakai, T. Yamabuchi, and Y. Kagawa 482

Effect of Voice-Coil and Surround on Vibration and Sound Pres- sure Response of Loudspeaker Cones

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Takeo Shindo, Osamu Yashima, and Hideo Suzuki 490

Thomas M. Hay, Ill Warren Rex lsom ENGINEERING REPORTS

Geoffrey M. Langdon Ambiophony: Has Its Time Finally Arrived? . Herbert T. Chaudlere 500 C. Dale Manquen The MD (Minidisk) System: A Contribution to the Digital Audio Disk John G. McKnight Standard . . . . . . . . . . . Klaus Welland and Horst Redllch 510 Bradley Plunkett Stephen F. Temmer COMMUNICATIONS Han Tendeloo

. . . . Emil L. Torick Digital-to-Analog Converter . Yasuhlro Mltsuhashl 515

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN PERSONAL CALCULATOR PROGRAMS

Bradley Plunkett Adm~ssfons Absorption of Sound by Air: A Personal Calculator Program

. . . . . . . . . . . Emil L. Torick Awards

Benjamin Bernfeld 521

C. Dale Manquen Conventron Policy Almon H. Clegg Education

DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPORTS

Arthur E. Gruber Frnance Digital Audio Disk Standardization Conference (1980 February) . . . 525 Donald J. Plunkett H~stor~cal Ray Dolby Laws & Resolut~ons DEPARTMENTS Donald W. Powers Membership John G. McKnight Nomrnatlons Han Tendeloo Publ~cat~ons Pohcy Arthur E. Gruber Reglonal& Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Stephen F. Temmer Sustaining Memberships Richard H. Campbell Technical Councrl Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION

Rita Snyder Admlnstrative Assrstant, Accountrng

Theresa Toth Adminrstrative Assrstant, EDP/Membershrp Serv~ces

Pamela Davis Exh,b~ts Coordinator

Ann Smyth Conventron/Conference Coord~nator

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address- Audio Englneer~ng Soctety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10165 (21 2-661-8528). Manuscripts, edlto- rial, advert~slng and subscrlptlon correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (212-661-2355) at above address Regional Offices: Europe Office, Europe Region; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, 8-1 190 Vorst, Brussels, Belg~um. United Kingdom Office; Brdlsh Sectlon; Audio Englneertng Soclety Ltd., 32 Knoll Rlse, Orplngton. Kent BR6 OEL, England Japan Office, Japan Sectlon, % Japan Audlo Soc~ety, Morr Bldg., 14-34 Jingumae I-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan

66th Convention Report . . . . . . . 528 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . 560 Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 535 Shopping the Audio Market . . . 561 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . 563

News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 557 Membership Information . . . . . . 564 Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559 In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567

AES Annual Report . . . . . . . . . . . 568




REVIEW BOARD

L. A. Abbagnaro B. Blesser C. R. Cable R. C. Cabot M. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster M. B. Gardner

R. A. Greiner A. C. Heyser W. J. J. Hoge J. M. Hollywood T. Holman P. Kantrowitz J. M. Kates D. L. Klepper P. W. Klipsch

J. ti. Kogen B. Locanthi J. F. McGill J. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. A. Moorer J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen

M. R. Schroeder R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick E. M. Villchur D. R. von Recklinghausen J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Jol~rnal of the Aud~o Eriglneerlng Soc~ety (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 28. No 7/8, 1980 July/August Publ~shed monthly except Januaiy/February and July/August when published bimonthly, by the Aud~o Eng~neer~ng Soclety and suppl~ed to all members In good standlng Publlcatlons and Executlve Offices, L~rlcoln Bulldlng, 60 East 12nd Street. New York, NY 10165 Second-class postagepa~d at Utlca. NY Subscrlptlon to nonmembers. $45 00 (surface mall). $75 00 (alrrnall, dlrcul delivery) All material publ~shed In this Journal IS copyr~ghteti c_'l 1980 by the Audto Eng~neer~ng Soc~ety and all rlghts reserved lnqlj~rles should be sent to the Publlcatlons Off~ce at the address above The Journal of the Audio Engineering Society" and t s cover deslgn have been reg~stered as a trademark In the Un~ted States patent Office

JOURNAL OF THE Peter K. Burkowitz Presldent Ray Dolby President-Elect Erik A. Porterfield V/ce Presrdent,

Eastern Reglon Harold F. Mosier, Jr. V/ce Presrdent,

Central Reglon Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. Vrce Presrdent,

Western Regron JOrg Sennheiser Vlce Presldent, Europe

Reqlon ~ a ~ m o n d E. Cooke Vlce Presrdent,

lnternatlonal John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald J. Plunkett Executive Dtrector

ADMINISTRATION

Rita Snyder Admrnistrat~ve Assrstant, Accounting

Pamela Davis Exhrbits Coord~nator

Ann Smyth Convention/Conference Coordrnator

Michael A. Gardella EDP/Membershrp Services

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address Audlo Eng~neering Society, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, NY 10165 (21 2-661-8528) Manuscripts, editorial, advert~slng and subscription correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office (21 2-661 -2355) at above address. Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Region; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, B-1190 Vorst, Brussels, Belgium United Kingdom Office; Brltlsh Sectlon; Audlo Engineering Society Ltd., 32 Knoll R~se, Orplngton, Kent BR6 OEL, England. Japan Office; Japan Sectlon; %Japan Aud~o Soclety, Mor~ Bldg , 14-34 Jingumae 1-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO / ACOUSTICS 1 APPLICATIONS VOLUME 28 NUMBER 9 1980 SEPTEMBER

PAPERS On the Perception of Phase Distortion H. Suzuki, S. Morita, and T. Shindo All-Pass Crossover Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peter Garde The LEDETM Concept for the Control of Acoustic and Psychoacoustic

Parameters in Recording Control Rooms . . . Don Davis and Chips Dav~s

ENGINEERING REPORTS Compatible Correcting-Matrix Quadraphonic Transmission System

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . G. Juhasz and E. Piret Time Offset and Crossover Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dennis G. Fink

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "Dipole Radiator Systems" . . . . . . . . . William R. Hoffman Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Raymond J. Newman Comments on "Human Stress Provoked by Digitalized Recordings"

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NelsonMorgan Correction to "Comments on: 'Airborne Noise: A Personal Calculator

Program for A-Weighted Sound-Pressure Level, Noise-Rating Evalu- ation, and Preferred Noise Criterion' " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Correction to "A Real-Time Digital Processor for Disk Mastering Lathe Control" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Correction to "Miniature Microphone Using an Integrated Piezore- sistive Pressure Transducer" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPORTS Minutes of the Meeting of the Digital Audio Technical Committee (1980

May4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BartLocanthi On the Sampling Rate for Digital Audio Recorders . . . . . . . . Toshi T. Doi Professional Stationary-Head Recorder Questionnaire on User Re-

quirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bjorn Bliithgen Answers to Questionnaire: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toshi T. Doi

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RogerLagadec

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TetsuyaYamaguchi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TatsuoYamamoto

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 68, pp. 371 -373, 1980

July) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review of Acoustical Patents 636 Available Literature

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67th Convention Preview. 642 Upcoming Meetings Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643 Membership Information . . . . . .

. . . . . . Previews . . . 644 Call for Papers-68th Con- News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . 673 vention, Hamburg, Germany, Sound Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675 1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .



Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/ lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Advertisrng

REVIEW BOARD L. A. Abbagnaro R. A. Greiner B. Blesser R. C. Heyser C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood M. Camras T. Holman D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch

J. H. Kogen El. Locanthi J. F. McGill J. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. A. Moorer J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen


Journal of the Audlo Eng~neer~ng Society (ISSN 004-7554 X), Volume 28, No 9. 1980 Septemher Puhllshed monthly except January/February and July/August when published hlmonthly, by the Aud~o Er~glneerlng Soc~ety and supplied to all members In good standlng Puhllcatlons and Execut~ve Offices, Llncoln Building. 60 East 42nd Street. New York. NY 10165 Second- class postage paid at Utlca. NY Subscr~ption to nonmembers. $45 00 (surface mall), 175 00 (alrmall. dtrect delrvery) All matertal publ~shed In this Jourrlal IS copyr~yhted .c> 1980 by the Aud~o Englneerlnq Society and all rlghts reserved lnqu~r~es should be sent to the Publications Off~ce at the address above The "Journal Of the Audio Engineering Society" and 11s cover deslgn have been registered as a trademark In the Unted States Patcnt Off~ce

-- -- -- -- -- - -

AUDIO AU@ / ACOUSTICS NEERING RING 1 APPLlcATloNs SOClElV VOLUME 28 NUMBER 10 1980 OCTOBER

PAPERS

The Print-Through Phenomenon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H. Neal Bertram, M~chael K. Stafford, and David R. Mills 690

On lntermodulation and Harmonic Distortion in Single-Amplifier Active Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Andrzej Borys 706

Sound Reinforcement Systems in Early Danish Churches Dan Popescu 713 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Geoffrey M. Langdon C. Dale Manquen John G. McKnight ENGINEERING REPORTS Bradley Plunkett Auditory Backward Inhibition in Concert Halls Stephen F. Temmer Jens Blaueri and G Tuttemann Han Tendeloo Three-Dimensional Diaphragm Suspensions for Compression Drivers Emil L. Torick . . . . Faricher M Murray and Howard M Durb~n

COMMITTEE CHAfRME

Bradtey Plunkett Admrssrons LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Emil L.-~orick Awards Comments on "Calculator Program for Musical Notes" B Bernfeld C. Dale Manquen Conventron Polrcy Afmon H. Cfegg Education

[J. M Bowsher, J Aud~o Eng Soc , vol 28 pp 437-442(1980 June)] Reproducing the Infrasonic . Dav~d H Blasetti

Arthur E. Gruber F/nance Donald J. Plunkett Historrcal Ray Dolby Laws & Resolut~ons Donald W. Powers Membershrr, DEPARTMENTS John G. McKnight Nom~nations Han Tendeloo Publications Polrcy Arthur E. Gruber Regtonal& Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Stephen F. Temmer Sustamrng Memberships Richard H. Campbell Technrcal Council Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMlNlSTRATlON

Rita Snyder Adm~nistrative Assistant, Accounting

Review of Acoustical Patents . . 728 New Products and Review of Society's Sustaining Developments . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Members 734 Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections 750 Upcoming Meetings

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track 752 Membership Information In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 768

EDITORIAL STAFF Harry F. Olson Editor Ementus



REVIEW BOARD L. A. Abbagnaro B. Blesser C. R. Cable R. C. Cabot M. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster M. B. Gardner

R. A. Greiner R. C. Heyser W. J. J. Hoge J. M. Hollywood T. Holman P. Kantrowitz J. M. Kates D. L. Klepper P. W. Klipsch

J. H. Kogen B. Locanthi J. F. McGill J. G. McKnight R. A. Moog J. A. Moorer J. T. Mullin D. Preis D. Queen


journal of the Aud~o Eng~neerlnq Soc~ety (ISSN 004-7554 X). Volume 28 No 10 1980 October. Publ~shed monthly except JanuaryfFebruary and july/August wnen publshed bmonthly, by the Audio Engneerlng Soclety and supplled to all members in good stand~ng Publcations and Executve Offlces Llncoln Buld~ng 60 East 42nd Street, New York. NY 10165 second^ class postage pald at Ut~ca, NY Subscrption to nonmembers. $45 00 (sudace mall), S75.00 (alrmall, d~rect dellvery1 All material publ~shed n t h ~ s Journal IS copyr~ghted i_ 1980 by the ~ u d ~ o Englneerlng Socety and ali rghts reserved lnqulrles snould be sent to the Publcations Off~ce at the address above The "Journal of the Audio Engineering Society' and its cover des~gn have been registered as a trademark n the Unted States Patent Ofi~ce

1980 NOVEMBER


VOLUME 28 NUMBER 11

Dynamic Equalization for Loudspeakers Daniel R. von Recklinghausen 770

The Quest for Directional Microphones at RCA Harry F Olson 776 Optimum Loudspeaker Directional Patterns James M Kates 787

ENGINEERING REPORTS

New Developments in Electrostatic Loudspeakers P J Walker 795 CCD Delay Lines in Audio

Johan A Catrysse, Gilbert Declerck, and Christine C De Meyer 800 Low-Frequency Loudspeaker Measurements with an Accelerometer

Jason Chr~stophorou 809


Comments on "Acoustical Impulse Response of Interior Spaces" Don Davis 817

Authors' Reply R~chard H Lyon and Richard G Cann 817

STANDARDS

Standards News from JASA (Reprrnt, JASA, vol 68, pp 1004-1007, 1980 September 81 8

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents 528 New Products and History of Women in Audio Developments 845

egional & Sectional Pam Peterson 832 Available Literature 847 News of the Sections 840 Membership Information 849

Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Sound Track 842 Call for Papers-69th Con- Stephen F. Temmer Sustaln~ng Memberships Upcoming Meetings 844 vention, Los Angeles, 1981 855 Rfchard H. Campbell Technical C o u n c t l

Werner H. Freitag Tellers

EDITORIAL STAFF ADMINISTRATION I

Harry F. Olson Editor E m e r t t u s Rita Snyder A d m i n i s t r a t ~ v e Assistant, Robert 0. Fehr E d t t o r

Account~ng Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor Pamela Davis Exhibits Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editorl

Coordinator lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Edltor Advertis~ng Ann Srnyth ConventionlConference

Coordinator REVIEW BOARD Michael A. Gardella EDPlMembership L. A. Abbagnaro R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen M. R. Schroeder

Services B. Blesser R. C. Heyser B. Locanthi R. H. Small C. R. Cable

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS W. J. J. Hoge J. F. McGill T. G. Stockham, Jr.

R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight I. Thomas Headquarters address. Aud~o Eng~neerrng M. Camras T. Holrnan R , A. Moog E. L. Torick Soc~ety, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, D. H, Cooper NY 101 65 ( 2 1 2 - 6 6 1 - 8 5 2 8 ) Manuscr~pts, edl- P. Kantrowitz J. A. Moorer E. M. Villchur

tonal, advertrs~ng and subscr~pt~on corre- J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates J. T. Mullin D. I?. von Recklinghausen spondence should be addressed to Editor- E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Preis J. V. White iaIOffice (212-661-2355) at aboveaddress Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe M' B' Gardner P. W. Klipsch D. Queen J. G. Woodward Regron; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, B-1150 V O ~ S ~ , Brussels, Eelglum United Kingdom Journal o f the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 004-7554X) Volume28 No 11 1980 November Published monthly Office; Brltlsh Section; Audio E n g l n e e r l n g except Januar~/February and JuIy/August when published bimonthly by the AudioEngineering Society and suppiled

toall membersingoodstanding Publicationsand ExecutiveOfftces Lincoln Building 60East42nd Street NewYork

~ ~ ~ 7 ? , ~ ~ d L 3 ~ n ~ ~ ~ i , " d ~ ~ ~ $ ~ ~ ~ NY 10165 Second-class postage pa,, at Utica NY Subscriptton to nonmembers $ 4 5 00 i s ~ r ~ a c e m a . ) $75 00 (airmail direct deltvery) All matertal pubitshed in this Journal iscopyrighted 0 1980 by the Audto Engineering Soctety

pan Audio and all rtghts reserved lnquir~es should be sent to the P~~bl icat ions Of f~ce at the address above Marl Bldg , 14-34 Jrngumae 1-chome, Shl- The Journalofthe AudlaEnglneermg Society and ttscoverdestgn have been regsteredasatrademark in theunited buya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan States Patent Offtce

OFFICERS 1980181 Ray Dolby President Barry Blesser President-Elect Erik A. Porterfield Vice President,

Eastern Region Harold F. Mosier, Jr. Vice President,

Central Region Thomas G. Stockham, Jr. Vice President,

Western Region J&rg Sennheiser Vice President, Europe

Region Raymond E. Cooke Vice President,

international John J. Bubbers Secretary Arthur E. Gruber Treasurer

Donald E. Plunkett Executive Director

BOARD OF GOVERNORS Peter K. Burkowitz Hugh D. Ford Alastair M. Heaslett Walter G. Jung Geoffrey M. Langdon C. Dale Manquen John G. McKnight Stephen F. Temmer Emil L. Torick

COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Bradley Plunkett Admissions John G. McKnight Awards Thomas M. Hay, Ill Convention Policy Alrnon H. Clegg Education Arthur E. Gruber Finance Donald J. Plunkett Historical Barry Blesser Laws & Resolutions Donald W. Powers Membership Peter K. Burkowitz Nominations Han Tendeloo Publications Policy Arthur E. Gruber Regional & Sectional

Concepts Geoffrey M. Langdon Standards Stephen F. Temmer Sustaining Memberships Richard H. Campbell Technical Council Werner H. Freitag Tellers

ADMINISTRATION Rita Snyder Administrative Assistant,

Accounting Pamela Davis Exhibits Coordinator Ann Srnyth ConventionlConference

Coordinafor Michael A. Gardella EDPIMembership

Services

SOCIETY COMMUNICATIONS Headquarters address: Audio Engineering Society, 66 East 42nd Street, New York , NY 10165, USA, telephone (212) 661-8528. Manuscr ipts, edi tor ia l , advertising, and subscription correspondence should be addressed to Editorial Office at above address. telephone (212) 661-2355. Regional Offices: Europe Office; Europe Region; Zevenbunderslaan 142/9, 8-1 150 Vorst , Brussels, Belgium. United Kingdom Office; British Section; Audio Engineering Socie- ty Ltd. , 8 Granvil leRoad, Sevenoaks. Kent, United Kingdom. Jspan Office; JapanSec- t ion ; c / o Japan Audio Society, Mori Bldg., 14-34 Jingumae 1-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 28 NUMBER 12 1980 DECEMBER

President's Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ray Dolby 858

PAPERS

Measurement of Spectral Content of Record Warps.. . . . . . D. L. Taylor 859 High-Fidelity Loudspeakers with Boronized Titanium Diaphragms

. . . T. Yarnamoto, T. Tsukagoshi, T. Tohma, M. Kimura, and F. Tanaka 868

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A Low-Distortion Acoustic-Measurement Oscillator Using Semiconduc- tor Junctions as Variable-Tuning Elements.. . . . . . . . . Peter J. Baxandall 874

Waveshape Parameter Modulation i n Producing Complex Audio Spectra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. Yasuhiro Mitsuhashi 879

Recreational Noise Exposure-An Occupational Hazard for Audio Engineers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel R. Raichel 896


Comments o n "Acoustic Radiation of a Ho rn Loudspeaker by the Finite Element Method-A Consideration of the Acoustic Characteristic of Horns" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Marshall Leach, Jr. 900

Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shigeru Morita 900

STANDARDS

Standards News f rom JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 68, pp. 1540-1 544,1980 November) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902

DEPARTMENTS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 1 Sound Track. 941 . . . . . . . . . . 67th Convention Report 912 New Products and

Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 920 Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program.. . . . . . . . . . . ... 922 Available Literature.. 944

. . . . . . . . . . . . . New AES Officers 1980/81 936 Membership Information.. 945 News of the Sect ions. . . . . . . . . . . 939 Index to Volume 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 949

EDITORIAL STAFF Harry F. Olson Ed~ to r Emeritus


Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor1 lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Ed~ to r Advertising

REVIEW BOARD L. A. Abbagnaro R. A. Greiner B. Blesser R. C. Heyser C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood M. Carnras T. Holman D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. M. Eargle J. M. Kates E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch


M. R. Schroeder R. H. Small T, G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick E. M. Villchur D. R. von Recklinghausen J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audlo Englneer~ng Soc~ety (ISSN 004-7554) Volume 28 No 12 1980 December Publshed monthly exceptJanuary February and JulylAugustwhen published bmonth ly bythe AudloEngneerng Soclety andsupplied t o a l membersln goodstand~ng Publlcatonsand ExecutlveOfflces L ~ n c o n Bulldlng 60East42ndStreet NewYork NY 10165 USA Second-class postage pafd at Utlca N Y USA Subscr~pt lon to nonmembers $45 00 (surface mall) $75 00 ( a r m a l d rec t d e v e r y ) All mater~al publ~shed In thlsJournal Iscopyrlghted D 1980 bythe A u d o Engneerlr lg Soclety and all r~gh ts reserved Inqurles should be sent to the Pub l~ca t~ons O f f~ce at the address above The Journal of the Audlo Engineering Society and ~ tscove r des~gn have been registered asa trademark n the Unlted States Patent O f f ce

Journal o f the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 0004-7554), Volume 29, Number 1/2, 1981 January/February. Published monthly, except January/ February and July/August when published bimonthly, by the Audio Engineering Socrety Editorial Offrce 60 East 42nd Street New York, New York 10165, USA Te ie~hone 21 2-661 -2355.

Second-class postage paid at Ut~ca, New York, USA.

The Audio Engineering Society is not respons~ble for statements made by its contrrbutors.

Copyright

Copyright O 1981 by the Audio Engineering Soctety, Inc. I t is permitted to quote from this Journal with customary credit to the source.

Copies

individual readers are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for research or other noncommercial use.

A copyrng fee for post-1980 articles IS rncluded in the code at the bottom of the first page of each article Thls fee should be pald to the Audro Eng~neerrng Society through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts Of 970, USA

The same copying fee applies to pre-1981 articles.

Photocopies of rndrvidual articles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters o f f~ce at $3 00 per article

Back Issues

Selected back issues are available at $5.00 per copy. For information, contact AES tleadauarters office

Microfilm

Copies of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edition are available on microfilm from the University of Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, USA.

Reprints and Republication

Mult~ple reproduction or republication of any materral in t h ~ s Journal requires the permrssron of rhe Audio Engrneering Socrety Perm~ssion may also be requ~red from one of the authors Inquiries should be sent to the AES Editorial office

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For rnforrnation on Journal advertising rates, deadlines, and mechanical requirements, contact the Editorral offrce

Manuscripts

For informat~on on the presentailon and processing of manuscripts, see inside back cover

JOURNAL OF THE


VOLUME 29 NUMBER 112 1981 JANUARY/FEBRUARY

PAPERS Examination of Audio-Bandwidth Requirements for Optimum Sound Signal Transmission

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Te ruo Muraoka, Mako to Iwahara, and Yasuhi ro Yamada 2

Moving-Coil Loudspeaker Topology as an Indicator of Linear Excursion Capability ............ ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mark R. Gander 10

ENGINEERING REPORTS Distortion Correction in Audio Power Amplifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . M . J .Hawksford 27

Design and Construction of a Feedforward Error-Correction Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Susumu Takahashi and Susumu Tanaka 31

Performed Music: Analysis, Synthesis, and Display by Computer M. Piszczalski, B . Gal ler, R. Bossemeyer, M . Hatamian, a n d F. L o o f t 38

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR . . . . . . . . . Comments on "On RlAA Equalization Networks" Peter J. Baxandal l 47

Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stanley P. Lipshitz 52

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comments on "Shaped Tone-Burst Testing" E. G. Trendel l 53

DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPORTS Minutes of the Meeting of the Digital Audio Technical Committee (1980 October). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bar t Locanth i 56

Digital Audio Activities in Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T . Ka to 58

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . General Information on a Compact Digital Audio Disk T. T. D o i 60

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pudd ie Rodgers 66

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JVC AHD Digital Audio Disk System T. Hidaka 68

lnformation for Digital Audio Signal Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M a r s h a R. Hatf ield and Richard F. Dubbe 70

Questionnaire on User Requirements for a Digital Interface for the Local Interconnection of Digital Audio Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roger Lagadec 74

DEPARTMENTS 68th Convention Preview.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exh~b~tors

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Previews.. News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature.. . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Informatior? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Harry F. Olson Editor Emeritus Robert 0. Fehr Editor

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Ed~tor Abbie J. Cohen Senlor Editor lngeborg M. Stochmai Copy Ed~tor Gerri M. Caiamusa Production Editor/Advertising

G. Franklin Montgomery Consulting Techn~cal Editor

Review Board


R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. C. Heyser B. Locanthi W. J. J. Hoge J. F. McGill J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight T. Holman R. A. Moog P. Kantrowitz J. A. Moorer J. M. Kates J. T. Mullin D. L. Klepper D. Preis P. W. Klipsch D. Queen

M. R. Schroeder R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. I. Thomas E. L. Torick E. M. Viilchur D. R. von Recklinghausen J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 0004-7554), Volume 29, Number3, 1981 March. Publtshed monthly, except January/ February and JulyiAugust when published b~monthly, by the Audio Engineering Society Editorial Office 60 East 42nd Street New York, New York 10165, USA Telephone 212-661-2355

Second-class postage paid at Utica, New York, USA.

The Audio Engineering Society is not responsible for statements made by its contributors.

Copyright

Copyright O 1981 by the Audto Engineering Society, Inc I t is permitted to quote from this Journal with customary credit to the source.

Copies

Individual readers are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for research or other noncommercial use.

A copying fee for post-1980 artlcles IS t~c luded in the code at the bottom of the first page of each article T h ~ s fee should be p a ~ d to the Audio Engineering Soctety through the Copyr~ght Clearance Center Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970 USA


Photocopies of individuai artlcles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters off ice at $3 00 per article.

Back Issues

Selected back issues are available at 55.00 per copy. For information, contact AES Headquarters offtce.

Microfilm

Cop~es of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edition are available on microfilm from the University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, USA.


Multiple reproduction or republication of any material in this Journal requires the permission of the Audio Engineering Society. Permission may also be required from one of the authors. Inquiries should be sent to the AES Editorial office.

Advertising

For information on Journal advertising rates, deadlines, and mechanical requirements, contact the Editorial office.

Manuscripts

For ~nformation on the presentation and processing of manuscripts, see ~nslde back cover.

.JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY - - - - - - - - -


VOLUME 29 NUMBER 3 1981 MARCH

PAPERS

M o t i o n P ic tu re S o u n d in Record- Industry Perspect ive J o h n Mosely

T h e Audib i l i ty o f Frequency Response Irregular i t ies R B u c k l e ~ n Ferrof lu ids as a Means of Contro l l ing Woofer Design Parameters

L Mei l l lo and K Raj

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A Power Ampl i f ier " Improver" Edward M Cherry N e w Bias ing Circuit for Class B Operat ion S u s u m u Tanaka


S o u n d Transmiss ion and Impac t Insulat ion: A PPC Program . . Benjamin Bernfe ld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR A Simpler Musica l Calculator Program Bob Katz Author 's Reply J M Bowsher

STANDARDS

Standards N e w s f r o m JASA ( R e p r ~ n t , JASA, vol 69, pp 326-330, 1981 Jai- ,a;~)

FEATURES

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review o f Acoust ica l Patents . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . S o u n d Track . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sect ions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U p c o m i n g Meet ings . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Avai lable Li terature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership In fo rmat ion . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . I n Memor iam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership F o r m . . . . . . .

Editorial Staff

Harry F. Olson Ed~tor Emeritus Robert 0. Fehr Ed~tor

Patricia M. Macdonald Manag~ng Ed tor Abbie J. Cohen Ser~or Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Edltor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Ed~tor/Adve~

G. Franklin Montgomery Consulting Technical Ed~tor

Review Board

L. A. Abbagnaro 6. Blesser C. R. Cable R. C. Cabot M. Camras D. H. Cooper J. M. Eargle E. J. Foster M. B. Gardner




JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY

Copies

Individual readers are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for research or other noncommercial use.

A copying fee for post-1980 articles is rncluded in the code at the bottom of the first page of each article. This fee should be paid to the Audio Engineering Society through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA.


Photocopies of individual articles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters office at $3.00 per artlcle.

Back Issues

Selected back issues are available at $5 00 per copy For information, contact AES Headquarters office.

Microfilm

Copies of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edition are avarlable on microfilm from Univers~ty Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106, USA.


Multiple reproduction or republication of any material in thrs Journal requires the permission of the Audio Engineering Socrety. Permission may also be required from one of the authors lnquirres should be sent to the AES Editorial office

Advertising

For information on Journal advertising rates, deadlines, and mechanical requirements, contact the Ed~torial office.

Manuscripts

For information on the presentat~on and processing of manuscripts, see inside back cover.

VOLUME 29 NUMBER 4 1981 APRIL

PAPERS Pinna Transformations and Sound Reproduction .... C. A. Puddie Rodgers 226 An Algorithm for Estimation of Parametric Filter Functions

..................................... ... . . . . . . . . . . . D C. Bullis and T. A. Brubaker 235

ENGINEERING REPORTS Nonlinear Distortion Measurement Using Composite Pulse Waveform

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y. Hirata, M. Ueki, T. Kasuga, and T. Kitamura 243 An Amplifier Input Stage Design Criterion for the Supression of Dynamic Distortions ......................................................... W. Marshall Leach, Jr. 249

COMMUNICATIONS A Real-Time Tape Duplication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gordon S. Carter 252 On Loudspeaker Response in Sound Control Rooms ...... Ju hani Borenius 258

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "The Practical Application of Time-Delay Spectrometry in

............................................................................. the Field" F. J. Fahy 262 Authors' Reply .......................................... C. R. Cable and J. K. Hil l iard 262

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comments on "Reproducing the Infrasonic" Peter Kbrner 264 Correction to "Waveshape Parameter Modulation in Producing Complex

.................................................. Audio Spectra".. .Yasuhiro Mitsuhashi 265

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 69, pp. 880-882, 1981 Mzrch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

FEATURES Early Hi-Fi and Stereo Recording at Bell Laboratories (1931-1932)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. C. Keller 274

DEPARTMENTS ............................................................... Review of Acoustical Patents 272

...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections 282 .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track 290

.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings. 293 ......................................................... New Products and Developments 294

......................................................................... Available Literature.. 296 ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information 298

..................................................................................... In Memoriam 308 Audio Engineering Society Bylaws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Editorial Staff Harry F. Olson Editor Emeritus Robert 0. Fehr Editor

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/Advertising

G. Franklin Montgomery Consulting Technical Editor

Review Board




M. R. Schroeder D. E. L. Shorter R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. E. L. Torick E. M. Villchur D. R. von Recklinghausen J. V. White J. G. Woodward

I

VOLUME 29 NUMBER 5 1981 MAY

A Three-Dimensional lnterferometric Vibrational Mode Display G. Bank and G. T. Hathaway 314

Frequency-Modulation Distortion in Loudspeakers (Reprint) G. L Beers and H. Belar 320

ENGINEERING REPORTS

A New Distortion Mechanism in Class B Amplifiers Edward M. Cherry 327 A Different Way to Record Classical Music Jurg Jecklln 329 Digitalization of Conventional Analog Filters for Recording Use

Yosh~mutsu H ~ r a t a 333

COMMUNICATIONS

The Use of Seminarsand AudioIVisual Presentations to Promote the Acceptance of Engineered Sound and Communications Systems by the General Public Davld F Moore 338

68th Convention Report 348 354 356

100 Years with Stereo-The Beginning 368

DEPARTMENTS

Review of Acoustical Patents 340

Copres of Volume 19, Number 1 News of the Sections 374 377

are ava~lable on mlcrofllm from Sound Track 378 Un~vers~ty M~crof~lms Internat~onal, New Products and Developments 380 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, M~chlgan 48106, USA Available Literature 384

Membership Information 385

Reprints and Republication Call for Papers-70th Convention, New York, 1981 391

Multiple reproduction or republlcat~on

the permlsslon of the Audlo Engineering Soctety Perm~sston may Harry F. Olson Ed~tor Emer~tus

also be requlred from one of the Robert 0. Fehr Ed~tor

authors. lnqulr~es should be sent to Patricia M. Macdonald Manag~ng Ed~tor Abbie J. Cohen Senlor Ed~tor

the AES Editorial offtce lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Ed~tor/Advertis~ng G. Franklin Montgomery Consult~ng Techn~cal Editor

Review Board For information on Journal adverttslng rates, deadlines, and L. A. Abbagnaro R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen M. R. Schroeder

mechanical requirements, contact R. C. Heyser B. Locanthi D. E. L. Shorter

the Editorial offlee. W. J. J. Hoge J. F. McGill R. H. Small R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight T. G. Stockham, Jr.

T. Holman R. A. Moog E. L. Torick P. Kantrowitz J. A. Moorer E. M. Villchur

For informat~on on the presentat~on J. M. Kates J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghausen and processing of manuscripts, see E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Preis J. V. White lns~de back cover M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch D. Queen J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineetfng Society (ISSN 0004-7554), Volume 29, Number 6,1981 June Publrshed monthly, except January/ February and July/August when published bimonthly, by the Audro Engrneerrng Socrety Edrtorial Office 60 East 42nd Street New York, New York 10165, USA Telephone 212-661-2355

Second-class postage pard at Utrca, New York, USA

The Audio Engrneering Socrety IS not responsible for statements made by rts contrrbutors

Copyright

Copyright O 1981 by the Aud~o Engrneerrnq Society, Inc It IS

I permitted to quote from thrs Journal wrth customary credit to the source

Copies

lndrvidual readers are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for

I research or other noncommercral use.

A copying fee for post-1980 art~cles IS included In the code at the bottom of the frrst page of each artrcle Thrs fee should be pard to the Audro Engrneerrng Socrety through the Copyr~ght Clearance Center, Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA

The same copying fee applres to pre-1981 artrcles

Photocopres of ind~vrdual artrcles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters off~ce at $3 00 per article

Back Issues Selected back Issues are avarlable at $5.00 per copy For rnformatron, contact AES Headquarters offrce

Microfilm

Copres of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edrtron are avarlable on mrcrofrlm from Unrversrty Mrcrofrlms Internatronal, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Mrchigan 48106, USA


Multrple reproduct~on or republrcation of any materral rn thrs Journal requires the permrssion of the Audro Engrneerrng Socrety Permission may also be requrred from one of the authors Inquirres should be sent to the AES Edrtorral offrce

1 Advertising

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Manuscripts

For information on the presentatron and processrng of manuscrrpts, see rnsrde back cover.

JOURNAL OF THE



PAPERS Augmented Passive Radiator Loudspeaker Systems, Part I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Thomas L. Clarke 394

Active Equalization of Closed-Box Loudspeaker Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Marshall Leach, Jr . 405

ENGINEERING REPORTS

Acoustic Design Considerations for Speech Intelligibility Howard G S m ~ t h 408

Measurements of the Input Impedance of Loudspeaker Horns Tornas Salava 41 6

PERSONAL CALCULATOR PROGRAMS Personal Calculator Programs for Approximate Vented-Box and Closed- Box Loudspeaker system Design

Garry Margolrs and R~chard H Small 421


Comments on "Recreational Noise Exposure-An Occupational Hazard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for Audio Engineers" . .Bob Katz 442

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Author's Reply Daniel R. Raichel 442 Correction to "On Intermodulation and Harmonic Distortion in Single-

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amplifier Active Filters". Andrzej Borys 443

DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNlCAL COMMITTEE REPORTS Minutes of the Meeting of the Digital Audio Technical Committee (1981

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . March) B. Bl i i thgen 444

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, vol. 69, pp. 1527-1529, 1981

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . May) --- 448

FEATURES

Midwest Acoustics Conference (MAC 81)

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections 460

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings 462 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track. 464

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Products and Developments.. 468 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature 470

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information 472

Editorial Staff Harry F. Olson Ed~tor Errler~tus Robert 0. Fehr Editor

Patricia M. Macdonald Manag~ng Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senror Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Ed~tor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Ed~tor/Advertisrng

G. Franklin Montgomery Consulting Technical Edltor

Review Board





Journal of the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 0004-7554), Volume 29, Number 7/8, 1981 July/August Published monthly, except January/ February and July/August when published b~monthly, by the Audio Engineer~ng Society Edltor~al Offlce 60 East 42nd Street New York, New York 10165, USA Telephone 212-661 -2355

Second-class postage paid at Utica, New York, USA.

The Audio Engineering Society is not responsible for statements made by its contributors.

Copyright Copyright O 1981 by the Audlo Engineering Soclety, Inc I t ts perrn~tted to quote from thls Journal w ~ t h customary credit to the source.

Copies lnd~vldual readers are permitted to photocopy isolated art~cles for research or other noncommercial use.

A copying fee for post-1980 artlcles IS included in the code at the bottom of the f ~ r s t page of each article. T h ~ s fee should be pald to the Aud~o Eng~neerlng Society through the Copyr~ght Clearance Center, Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA

The same copylng fee applles to pre-1981 articles.

Photocopies of rndivtdual articles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters office at $3 00 per ar t~c le

Back Issues Selected back Issues are avallable at $5 00 per copy For ~nformation, contact AES Headquarters office

Microfilm

Copies of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edition are available on microfilm from University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor. Michigan 48106, USA.

Reprints and Republication Multiple reproduction or republicat~on of any mater~al In thrs Journal requires the permlsslon of the A u d ~ o Englneerlng Soclety Permlsslon may also be requlred from one of the authors lnqulrles should be sent to the AES Edrtorlaf off~ce.

Advertising For lnformation on Journal advertlslng rates, deadl~nes, and mechanical requirements, contact the Editorial office.

I Manuscripts For lnformation on the presentatton and processing of manuscripts, see Inside back cover.

JOURNAL OF THE 1 AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO / ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 29 NUMBER 718 1981 JULYIAUGUST

PAPERS The Great Debate: Subjective Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stanley P. Lipshitz and J o h n Vanderkooy

Ultra-High-Performance Amplitude and Frequency Modulation and De- modulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D a n i e l B . Talbot Distortion Correction Circuits for Audio Amplifiers . . . . . . . . .M . J. Hawksford Augmented Passive Radiator Loudspeaker Systems, Part II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T h o m a s L. Clarke

ENGINEERING REPORTS New Factors in Power Amplifier Design

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on Reactance Annulling in Horn-Loaded Loudspeaker Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Edward F. McCla in, Jr.

Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W. Marshal l Leach, Jr . Comments on the History of Magnetic Recording

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Georg Brock-Nannestad Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J o h n T. Mu l l i n Correction to "Pinna Transformations and Sound Reproduction" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C . A. Pudd ie Rodgers

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPORTS Report of the AES Technical Committee on Sound-Reinforcement Com-

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ponents.. .. .... Cl i f ford A . Hen r icksen Report on an Ad Hoc Meeting on the Formation of an AES Technical

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Committee on Audio Polarity J o h n G . (Jay) McKn igh t Polarity Calibration Tape (Issue 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stanley P. Lipshitz and J o h n Vanderkooy

FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63th Convention Report

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exhibitors Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track New Products and Developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership lnformation

In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AES Annual Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . Call for Papers-71st Convention, Montreux, Switzerland, 1982 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editorial Staff Harry F. Olson Editor Erner~tus Robert 0. Fehr Edltor

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production ~dltor/~dvertis~ng

G. Franklin Montgomery Consulttng Techn~cal Editor

Review Board

L. A. Abbagnaro R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen M. R. Schroeder B. Blesser R. C. Heyser B. Locanthi D. E. L. Shorter C. R. Cable W. J. J. Hoge J. F. McGill R. H. Small R. C. Cabot J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight T. G. Stockham, Jr. M. Camras T. Holman R. A. Moog E. L. Torick D. H. Cooper P. Kantrowitz J. A. Moorer E. M. Villchur J. M. ~ a r ~ l e J. M. Kates J. T. Mullin D. R. von Recklinghauser? E. J. Foster D. L. Klepper D. Preis J. V. White M. B. Gardner P. W. Klipsch D. Queen J. G. Woodward

Number 9, 1981 September Published monthly, except January/ February and July/August when published bimonthly, by the Audio Eng~neer~ng Soc~ety, Ed~torral Offrce, 60 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10165, USA, Telephone 212-661 -2355

Second-class postage pa~d at Utlca,.New York, USA. The Audro Engrneer~ng Soctety is not respons~ble for statements made by rts contr~butors.

I Copyr~ght @ 1981 by the Audio Engrneertng Soc~ety, Inc. It is I

I permrtted to quote from thrs Journal I with customary cred~t to the source.

Copies

lndrv~dual readers are perm~tted to photocopy Isolated art~cles for research or other noncommercral use

A copyrng fee for post-1980 art~cles is rncluded In the code at the bottom of the f~rst page of each art~cle. This fee should be patd to the Audro Eng~neerrng Soc~ety through the Copyrrght Clearance Center, Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA.

The same copyrng fee appl~es to pre-1981 artrcles

Photocopres of ~ndrvrdua! artrcles may be ordered from the AES lieadquarters offlce at $3.00 per art~cle.

Back Issues

Selected back Issues are avatlable at $5 00 per copy For informat~on, contact AES Headquarters offrce

Microfilm

Copies of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edrt~on are available on m~crof~lrn from Unrversrty Mrcrofrlms Internat~onal, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, M~chrgan 48106, USA


Multiple reproductron or republrcatron of any mater~al In thrs Journal requlres the permlssron of the Aud~o Engrneerrng Socrety Perm~ssron may also be requ~red from one of the authors lnqurrles should be sent to the AES Edrtorral offrce.

1 Advertising For rnformatron on Journal advertrs~ng rates, deadl~nes, and mechanrcal requrrements, contact the Ed~tor~al off~ce.

Manuscripts I For ~nformatron on the presentatron and processing of manuscrrpts, see rnside back cover

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS / APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 29 NUMBER 9 1981 SEPTEMBER

PAPERS A Fully In-Band Multitone Test for Transient Intermodulation Distortion

Robert R. Cordell 578 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthesis of Loudspeaker Mechanical Parameters by Electrical Means: A New Method for Controlling Low-Frequency Loudspeaker Behavior

Karl Erik Stahl 587 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A New Criterion for the Distribution of Normal Room Modes

Oscar Juan Bonello 597 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COMMUNICATIONS Study of Nonlinear Distortion in Audio Instruments. . . . Yoshirnutsu Hirata 607

PERSONAL CALCULATOR PROGRAMS Acoustical Response of an Enclosure . . . . . . Ivan StarnaC and Silvije StarnaC 61 1

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Comments on "Recreational Noise Exposure-An Occupational Hazard for Audio Engineers" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jeffrey A. Lienau and Daniel G. Hays 617 Author's Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Daniel R. Raichel 618

DIGITAL AUDIO TECHNICAL COMMITTEE REPORTS Minutes of the Meeting of the Digital Audio Technical Committee (1981 May) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bart Locanthi 620 Review of Proposal to IEC WG16

R. Youngquist, T. Stockham, and A. Heaslett 621 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Report on Subsequent DAD Conference Activities in Japan . . . . . . . . . . 622 Review of Digital Audio Machines Currently Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 623

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, Vol. 70, pp. 257-261, 1981 July) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FEATURES 70th Convention Preview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exhibitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Previews.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

DEPARTMENTS News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . In Memoriam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Editorial Staff

Harry F. Olson Edltor Emer~tus Robert 0. Fehr ~ d ~ t o r

Patricia M. Macdonald Manag~ng Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senlor Ed~ to r lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/Advert~s~ng

G. Franklin Montgomery Consult~ng Technical Editor

Review Board




M. R . Schroeder D. E. L. Shorter R. H. Small T. G. Stockham, Jr. E. L. Torick E. M. Villchur D. R. von Recklinghausen J. V. White J. G. Woodward

Journal of the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 0004-7554), Volume 29, Number 10, 1981 October Publrshed monthly, except January/ February and July/August when publtshed brmonthly, by the Audlo Engrneerrng Soclety, Edrtorial Offtce, 60 East 42nd Street, NewYork, New York 10165-0075, USA, Telephone 212-661 -2355

Second-class postage pard at Utlca, New York, USA

The Audro Engrneerlng Soclefy is not responsible for statements made by tts contrrbutors

Copyright

Copyright O 1981 by the Audro Engineerrng Socrety, Inc It IS

permltted to quote from thls Journal wrth customary credrt to the source

Copies

lndlvldual readers are permrtted to photocopy tsolated articles for research or other noncommercfal use

A copyrng fee for post-1980 artlcles IS Included In the code at the bottom of the first page of each article This fee should be pald to the Audlo Engineerrng Soclety through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA

The same copying fee applles to pre-1981 artrcles.

Photocopres of indlvidual artlcles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters offrce at $3 00 per article

Back Issues

Selected back issues are available at $5.00 per copy For rnformatron, contact AES Headquarters offrce

Microfilm

Copres of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present editton are available on mlcrof~lm from Unlversrty M~crofrlms Internatronal, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Michrgan 48706, USA.


Multiple reproduct~on or republrcat~on of any material In thrs Journal requires the permlsslon of the Audro Engtneering Soclety Permlssron may also be requtred from one of the authors lnqulrles should be sent to the AES Edrtorial offrce

Advertising

For lnformatlon on Journal advert~sing rates, deadlrnes, and mechan~cal requlrements, contact the Editorlal office

Manuscripts

For information on the presentatron and processrng of manuscripts, see insrde back cover

JOURNAL OF THE

lUDlO ENGINEERING SOCIETY AUDIO 1 ACOUSTICS 1 APPLICATIONS

VOLUME 29 NUMBER 10 1981 OCTOBER

PAPERS A Satellite Communications, Broadcast-Quality Amplitude Compander

Danie l E. Ta lbo t 690 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Resonances of Loudspeaker Diaphragms D A Bar low G D Gallet ly, a n d J Mlst ry 699

Tweeter Using New Structure and New Material for Diaphragm (Direct- Drive Ribbon Tweeter)

H e ~ t a r o N a k a j ~ m a , Masana Ugaj i , and H ldeo Suyarna 705

Loudspeaker with Honeycomb Disk Diaphragm Naraj i Sakarnoto, Katsuaki Satoh, Kazue Satoh, and Nobuh isa Ato j i 711

Polymer-Graphite Composite Loudspeaker Diaphragm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tsunehi ro Tsukagoshi , Shin ich i Yokozeki, S u m i o Hagiwara,

Toshikazu Yoshino, Yasuyuki Arai, a n d Takeo Yarnarnoto 720

ENGINEERING REPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tonal Effects of Close Microphone Placement Bruce A. Bart lett 726

A Tool for Room Acoustic Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fukushi Kawakarni, Ko j i Niirni, and Kirninori Yamaguchi 739

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Comments on Stress Tests J o h n D iamond 749

Authors' Reply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Nelson Morgan 749

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . David Clark 750

DEPARTMENTS Review of Society's Sustaining Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 752

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections 773 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track 776

Upcoming Meetings.. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 776 New Products and Developments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature.. 780 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information 781

Editorial Staff

Harry F. Olson Editor Emeritus Robert 0. Fehr Editor

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/Advert~sing


Review Board





60 East 42nd Street, New York, New York 10165-0075, USA, Tele~hone 212-661 -2355

Second-class postage pald at Utlca, New York, USA.

The Audlo Engineering Soc~ety is not responsrble for statements made by ~ t s contributors

Copyright

Copyr~ght O 1981 by the Audlo Engineering Society, Inc It IS

permitted to quote from thls Journal wlth customary credit to the source

Copies lndivldual readers are permitted to photocopy lsolated artlcles for research or other noncommerc~al use

A copylng fee for post-1980 artlcles IS ~ncluded ~n the code at the bottom of the flrst page of each artlcle. This fee should be paid to the Audlo Engineering Soclety through the Copyr~ght Clearance Center, Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA

The same copylng fee applles to pre-1981 artlcles

Photocop~es of ~ndivrdual art~cles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters off~ce at $3 00 per art~cle

Back Issues Selected back lssues are available at $5 00 per copy For ~nformatlon, contact AES Headquarters offtce

Microfilm

Coples of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edlt~on are available on m~crofilm from Untvers~ty M~crofrlms Internat~onal, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Mlchlgan 48106, USA


Multlple reproduct~on or republrcatron of any materlal In th~s Journal requlres the permlsslon of the Aud~o Engineer~ng Socrety Permlss~on may also be requlred from one of the authors lnqutrles should be sent to the AES Edltorral offlce

Advertising

For ~nformatlon on Journal advertlslng rates, deadlrnes, and mechan~cal requirements, contact the Edltorlal offlce

Manuscripts For lnforrnat~on on the presentation and processing of manuscripts, See lnsrde back cover.

JOURNAL OF THE

AUDIO ENGINEERING SOCIETY VOLUME 29 NUMBER 11 1981 NOVEMBER

PAPERS Programmable State-Variable Active Biquads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jacek M. Zurada 786

Controlling Sound-Image Localization in Stereophonic Reproduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Naraji Sakamoto, Toshiyuki Gotoh, Takuyo Kogure,

Masatoshi Shimbo and Almon H. Clegg 794

Coaxial Flat-Plane Loudspeaker with Polymer-Graphite Honeycomb Sand- wich Plate Diaphragm .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J i ro Nakazono, Kunihiko Shirnada, Yukio Tsuchiya,

Takashi Furukawa, and Yukio Matsumoto 800

Reinforced Olefin Polymer Diaphragm for Loudspeakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hirotoshi Niguchi, Osamu Yamamoto, Mitsuru leki,

Toshio Shimizu, and Naraji Sakamoto 808

ENGINEERING REPORTS Analog Circuits for Sound Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bernard A. Hutchins, Jr. 814

A Simple Pulse Tester for Electroacoustic Measurements ... Alan Fierstein 821

CORRECTIONS Correction to "Personal Calculator Programs for Approximate Vented-Box and Closed-Box Loudspeaker System Design" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garry Margolis and Richard H. Small 824

C~ r rec t i an to "Ultra-High-Performance Amplitude and Frequency Modula- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tion and Demodulation" Daniel B. Talbot 824

STANDARDS Standards News from JASA (Repr int , JASA, Vol . 70, pp . 907-911,1981

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . September) 826

DEPARTMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1981 AES Sections Directory 834

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . News of the Sections 846

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Upcoming Meetings.. 848 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sound Track -. . 850

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Products and Developments 851 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Available Literature 853

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Information 855 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Membership Form 862

Editorial Staff Harry F. Olson Editor Erner~tus Robert 0 . Fehr Editor

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Edltor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/Advert~s~rig


Review Board


R. A. Greiner J. H. Kogen R. C. Heyser B. Locanthi W. J. J. Hoge J. F. McGill J. M. Hollywood J. G. McKnight T. Holman R. A. Moog P. Kantrowitz J. A. Moorer J. M. Kates J. T. Mullin D. L. Klepper D. Preis P. W. Klipsch D. Queen


Journal of the Audio Engineering Society (ISSN 0004-7554), Volume 29 Number 12,1981 December Publrshed monthly, except January/ February and July/August when publrshed brmonthly, by the Audro Engrneerrng Socrety, Edrtorral Off~ce, 60 East 42nd Street, NewYork, NewYork 10165-0075, USA, Telephone 212-661 -2355

Second-class postage pard at Utrca, New York, USA

The Audro Engrneerrng Socrety IS not responsrble for statements made by rts contrrbutors

Copyright

Copyrtght O 1981 by the Audro Engrneerrng Socrety, Inc It IS

permrtted to quote from thrs Journal wrth customary credrt to the source

Copies

lndrvrdual readers are permitted to photocopy isolated artrcles for research or other noncommercral use

A copyrng fee for post-1980 artrcles is cncluded rn the code at the bottom of the frrst page of each artrcle This fee should be pard to the Audro Engrneer~ng Socrety through the Copyrrght Clearance Center, Inc , 21 Congress Street, Salem, Massachusetts 01970, USA

The same copytng fee applres to pre-1981 articles.

Photocopres of rndlvrdual artrcles may be ordered from the AES Headquarters off Ice at $3.00 per artrcle

Back Issues

Selected back fssues are avarlable at $5.00 per copy For informatron, contact AES Headquarters offtce

Microfilm

Copies of Volume 19, Number 1 (1971 January) to the present edrtron are available on mrcrofrlm from Unrversrty Microf~lms Internatronal, 300 North Zeeb Road,

of any matertal In thrs Journal requrres the wermrsston of the Audro ~ n ~ i n e e r r n ~ Society. Permrssron may a l s ~ be requrred from one of the authors. lnqurrres should be sent to the AES Editorrat off rce

Advertising

For rnformatron on Journal advertrsrng rates, deadlrnes, and mechanrcal requ~rements, contact the Editorial offrce

Manuscripts

For informatron on the Dresentatron

JOURNAL OF THE


V O L U M E 29 N U M B E R 12 1981 D E C E M B E R

President's Message . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Barry Blesser 866

PAPERS Ribbon Sendust Magnetic Tape Heads

Tsunehiro Tsukagoshi, Hiroshi Ito, Kiyohide Ogasawara, Tetsu Namiki, Shinji Yasuda, Yutaka Masumoto, Hiroyuki Ota, and Takeo Yamamoto 867

Radiation and Diffraction Effects of Convex and Concave Domes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hideo Suzuki and Jiri T ichy 873

E N G I N E E R I N G REPORTS Design of Loudspeaker Systems Based on Measured Impulse Response

J. E. Jacobs and R. W. Cochran 882 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Determination of Sliding Friction Between Stylus and Record Groove

Robert P. Pardee 890 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Computer-Controlled Polyphonic Synthesizer . . . . . . . . . . David P. Rossum 895

C O M M U N I C A T I O N S Digital Additive Synthesis for Computer Music

Jeffrey S. Risberg and Gerald M. Shapiro 902 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C O R R E C T I O N S Correction to "70th AES Exhibit Previews" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corrections to "Polarity Calibration Tape (Issue 2)" 905 Correction to"A New Criterion for the Distribution of Normal Room Modes" 905

S T A N D A R D S Standards News from JASA (Reprint, JASA, Vol. 70, pp. 1544-1546, 1981 November) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 906

FEATURES 70th Convention Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 916

Exhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 922 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 925

D E P A R T M E N T S Review of Acoustical Patents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 912 New AES Officers 1981/82 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 942 News of the Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 948 Sound Track. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951 Upcoming Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 952

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . New Products and Developments.. ... ... 953 Available Literature.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 955 Membership Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 956 Index to Volume 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 960

Editorial Staff

Harry F. Olson Editor Emerttus Robert 0 . Fehr Editor

Patricia M. Macdonald Managing Editor Abbie J. Cohen Senior Editor lngeborg M. Stochmal Copy Editor Gerri M. Calamusa Production Editor/Advertising


Review Board





journal aes volumen 25-29

Documents

thls journal

woodward journal

audio engineering society

forum comments

fehr editor patricia

o engineerlng society

olson editor emeritus

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