judaism: the children of israel (ppt)
DESCRIPTION
Judaism in a nutshell: History, Practices, Demographics --- all in one Powerpoint presentation.TRANSCRIPT
the children of israelJudaism
Judaism …• presents itself as the relationship between
the Children of Israel (Jews) and God, the creator.
• is centered upon Israel, the land of the Jews.
• has influenced much of Islam and Christianity, two of today’s more dominant religions.
• and its practices and beliefs originated from Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible).
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE
Abraham widely regarded as the founder
of monotheism, about 4,000
years ago
God changed his name from
Abram to Abraham which means
“father of many”
it is said that all Jews are
descendants of him
Rameses
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE
David
Saul
David
Saul
Solomon
Solomon
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATEBabyloni
ans
Destruction of the FirstTempleConstruction of the Second
Temple
EzraNehemiah
HaggaiZechariahMalachi
Cyrus the Great
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE Alexander the Great
Lusius ruthlessly suppressed a
Jewish revolt in Mesopotamia.
“Rebellion of the Exiled”
Simon bar Kokhba“Aelia
Capitolina”Hadrian
promised to rebuild the city.
“Ploughing up the Temple”
Hadrian abolished
circumcision, which he viewed
as mutilation.
1. The Great Revolt
2. Kitos War
3. Bar Kokhba’s
Revolt
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE
1. The Great Revolt66-73
Eliezar ben Hanania
Warriors sacrificed sacred birds in front of
a local synagogue
2. Kitos War115-117
Lusius Quietus
3. Bar Kokhba’s Revolt132-135
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE
1.Persians
2.Muslims
3.Crusaders
4.Ottoman Empire
1. Persians (614 CE)
General Shahrbaraz
•The Church of the Holy Sepulchre was burned.•The True Cross was captured.
2. Muslims (638 CE)
Caliph UmarDome of the Rock
3. Crusaders (1099 CE)
First CrusadesJerusalem was recaptured by the Christians.
The Dome of the Rock was converted into
a Church.
4. Ottoman Empire (1517 CE)
Sultan Selim
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE
Ottoman Empire• rebuilt the city, the
buildings and sacred places
• reinstated the markets
• refurbished the mosques
• Town planning order wherein
buildings are to be faced with
sandstone in order to
preserve the overall look of the
city.
• Hebrew University was
established.
arabs
jews
british
UN Partition for Palestine
jewish state
arab state
originsJudaism 1ESCAPE FROM
EGYPTFIRST TEMPLE
SECOND TEMPLE
THE DIASPORAERA OF
CONQUERORSRECOVERY
PERIODTHE JEWISH
STATE
UN Partition for Palestine
jewish state
arab state
War of Independenc
e
jews of israel
arabs of israel
egyptsyriairaq
lebanonjordan
Judaism is considered either as the first or one of the first monotheistic
religions.
basicsJudaism
GOD
sole creator of the
universe
indivisible deity
Judaism was founded by
Abraham about 4,000
years ago in West Asia.
2
basicsJudaism 2judaism christianity
says that no human can die for the
sins of others.
says that Christ died for the sins of mankind.
says that all humans are born pure
and innocent.
says that all humans are born with
the original sin.
says that God would not allow virgin birth.
says that Mary gave
birth, though a virgin.
says that no man gets a
second coming.
says that Jesus Christ would have a second coming.
says that the messiah would be a normal,
mortal man who would fulfill all
Jewish messianic prophecies in one normal, mortal
lifetime.
says that Jesus Christ is the
messiah and would fulfill the
prophecies when he returns.
Judaism
What is the difference between
Judaism and Christianity?
Christ
JUDAISM CHRISTIANITY
PEO
PLE
OF
ISR
AEL
The Israelites were settled in Egypt.
Moses led the Israelites to Canaan.
The Ten Commandments were given to Moses at Mount Sinai.
The Israelites reached the “promised Land”.
King David conquered Jerusalem.
Despite continuous invasions, Jews continued to grow in number.
Jesus Christ came into the picture.
basics 2
Synagogue – the place of worship of the Jews
basicsJudaism 2
Rabbi – leaders of the Jews– preachers of Judaism
Tanakh – the Hebrew Bible
basicsJudaism 2TaNaKh – the Hebrew
BibleT
a
N
a
K
h
orah (Teachings)
evi‘im (Prophets)
etuvim (Writings)
Torah
Covers the first 5 books of the Bible.
The Five Books of Moses
Beserith
(Genesis)
Shemot (Exodus)
Vayikra
(Leviticus)
Bamidbar
(Numbers)
Devarim
(Deuteronomy)
Beserith
Shemot
Vayikra
Bamidbar
Devarim
Nevi’imCovers the era
from the entrance of
the Israelites to the Land
until the Babylonian captivity of
Judah
21 books9 Earlier Prophets
(Joshua-Ezekiel)12 Later Prophets
(Hosea-Malachi)
Ketuvim
Covers the remaining 11 books
(Psalms-Chronicles I and II)
basicsJudaism 2The Ten
CommandmentsThe 13 Principles of
Faith
Kashrut
“Kosher”1) Mammals that BOTH ruminate (chew their cud) and have cloven
hooves can be kosher.
2) Birds must fit certain criteria:
- Birds of prey cannot be eaten.- Birds hatched with feathers and can walk soon are considered kosher.
3) Fish must have fins and scales in order to be kosher.
4) Meat and milk (or derivatives) cannot be
mixed.
5) Mammals and fowls must be slaughtered in a specific
fashion.
6) As much blood as possible should be
removed.
7) Utensils used in non-kosher meals are
considered non-kosher.
basicsJudaism 2
1) Brit milah or Zeved
habatBOYS (Brit milah)- circumcision on the 8th day
from birth
GIRLS (Zeved habat)- simple namegiving
2) Bar/Bat Mitzvah
BOYS (Bar Mitzvah)- age of majority is 13 years old
GIRLS (Bat Mitzvah)- age of majority is 12 years old
3) Shidduch
Jewish singles are introduced to one
another for the purpose of marriage
4) Marriage
Judaism traditionally considers marriage as an
ideal state of personal existence.
5) Bereavement
These refers to the series of stages in mourning the
death of a Jew.
jewish clothingJudaism 3kippah
tefillin
prayer shawl
Torah
tzitzit kippah
tefillinshawlTorahtzitzit
jewish holidaysJudaism 4shabbat “shavat” – ceasing from work
a Jew is freed from the regular
labors of everyday life
sundown of Friday until the
appearance of 3 stars in the
sky on Saturday
recalls the Biblical Creation
account of Genesis in the Bible
jewish holidaysJudaism 4shalosh regalimthree pilgrimage festivals
Passover14th - 21st of Nisan (March-
April)
Shavuot6th of Sivan (May-June)
Sukkot15th - 22nd of Tishrei (Sept-
October)
jewish holidaysJudaism 4hanukkah “The Festival of Lights”
Eight nights from the 25th of
Kislev (November-December)
Its official symbol is the
menorah.
It is said that the menorah’s fire
kept on burning for 8 days after
the victory of the Israelites over
the Seleucids (Romans).
Judaism is the 12th of the major religions in terms of number of
followers.
demographicsJudaism
41% are in Israel
40% are in USA
19% are in the other
countries
There are 13.2 million
Jews in the world.- 2007 Jewish People Policy Planning Institute
Jews make up roughly
1% of the world’s
population.- 2007 Jewish People Policy Planning Institute
5
The number of Jews is
declining at an average of
50,000 per year.
END