"Just The Facts, Ma'am""Just The Facts, Ma'am"

ADA 101ADA 101

Course objectivesCourse objectives

• Introduction to accessibility laws, regulations, standards and guidelines– Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act– Americans with Disabilities Act

• ADA Standards• Public ROW Guidelines

Course objectives Course objectives (cont.)(cont.)

• Understand our responsibilities under 504 and the ADA

• The basics of accessibility

• Where to find information

Documents Referenced in Documents Referenced in this Coursethis Course

• 2005 Public Rights of Way Accessibility Guidelines (PROWAG)

• 2006 ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities (ADASTF)

• 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (ADASAD)

• 2009 Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD)

• 2012 Florida Accessibility Code (FAC)

504/ADA - Civil Rights Laws504/ADA - Civil Rights Laws

• Enforced by U.S. Dept. of Justice (DOJ) and U.S. Dept. of Transportation (DOT)

• Protection from discrimination• Access to Services, Programs & Activities• Effective communication

– Reasonable Accommodation – Barrier Removal

ADA – 5 TitlesADA – 5 Titles

• I – EmploymentHiring, promoting, reasonable accommodations

• II – Public ServicesSubtitle IIa– State and Local Governments

Subtitle IIb – Transportation

• III – Public AccommodationsHotels, restaurants, shopping centers, offices

• IV – TelecommunicationsTelephones, computers, TDD/TTY’s, Web-sites

• V - Miscellaneous

Background of the ADABackground of the ADA

• 1964 Civil Rights Act– Protection from discrimination:

» Race, color, country of origin, etc.

• 1968 Architectural Barriers Act – Federal buildings:

» Post offices, courthouses, etc.

• 1973 Rehabilitation Act – Section 504– Federal financial assistance:

» If you receive federal funds, you're a federal program

Background of the ADA Background of the ADA (cont.)(cont.)

• 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act– January 26, 1992 – effective date– July 1, 1994 – new ADA Standards for

Accessible Design – July 26, 2004 – new guidance (ADA/ABA)– November 23, 2005 – Access Board issues

PROW guidelines (PROWAG)– November 29, 2006 – FHWA adopts 2006 ADA

Standards for Transportation Facilities (based on ADA/ABA, with modifications)

– March 15, 2011 – USDOJ adopts 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (based on ADA/ABA) (Mandatory on March 15, 2012)

ADA & Section 504:ADA & Section 504: CoverageCoverage

ADA:Public services, programs &

activities

504:Receive Federal funds

ADA Standards ADA Standards (Standards)

• Chapter 1: Application and Administration • Chapter 2: Scoping Requirements • Chapter 3: Building Blocks • Chapter 4: Accessible Routes • Chapter 5: General Site And Building Elements • Chapter 6: Plumbing Elements And Facilities • Chapter 7: Communication Elements And Features • Chapter 8: Special Rooms, Spaces and Elements • Chapter 9: Built-In Elements • Chapter 10: Recreation Facilities

DOT Modifications to DOT Modifications to ADA StandardsADA Standards (Nov. 29, 2006)(Nov. 29, 2006)

• Accessible routes (206.3)– Adds requirement that accessible routes to elements shall be

placed to minimum travel distance differentials

• Detectable warnings on curb ramps (406.8)– Puts back the requirement for detectable warnings removed

from the 2004 ADA Guidelines

• Bus boarding areas (810.2.2)– Requires boarding and alighting areas “to the extent the

construction specifications are within their control”

• Rail station platforms (810.5.3)– Allows the use of temporary platforms, ramps, etc. to meet the

horizontal and vertical requirements between the platform and the rail car

•NOTE:

On July 26, 2011 the U.S. Access Board issued a notice of proposed rule-making (NPRM) to adopt the PROW Guidelines as standards.

A Final Rule is expected in 2013(?).

FHWA Guidance: “Use PROWAG where the ADA Standards are silent.”

RECOMMENDATION:Start learning the new PROW ‘Standards’!?!

www.access-board.gov/prowac/nprm.htm

The Future of ADA for us?The Future of ADA for us?

PROWAG PROWAG (Guidelines)

• Chapter R1: Application and Administration– Purpose, Conventions, Definitions, etc.

• Chapter R2: Scoping Requirements– Where technical criteria must be applied, or not

• Chapter R3: Technical Requirements– What criteria must be applied/used

• Chapter R4: Supplementary Technical Requirements– Criteria that apply in coordination with other issues

ADA and SidewalksADA and Sidewalks

• Regulatory requirements and guidance:• ADA Title II governs “public services” – ADA: ‘Public services’ must be accessible– ADA: Sidewalks along public roadways ARE public

services– ADA: Sidewalks within public rights of way must include

“pedestrian access routes” *– Curb ramps are part of the pedestrian access route– Features along, over and adjacent to sidewalks must

meet accessibility criteria

* “Pedestrian access routes” within PROW are equivalent to “accessible routes” on a site, with some differences…

Accessible Routes (AR) Accessible Routes (AR) vs.vs.Pedestrian Access Routes (PAR)Pedestrian Access Routes (PAR)

• AR=36” min. continuous width - on-site/in building– PAR=48” in ROW – FDOT Stds. & PROWAG

• AR=32” min. width ‘point’ (24” max.) - on-site/in building– PAR=48” in ROW – FDOT Stds. & PROWAG

• 60” x 60” passing space @ 200’• Slopes:

– ≤1:20 (≤5%) is not a ramp – >1:20 (>5%) is a ramp– 1:12 (8.33%) max. allowed *

• Cross-slope– 1:50 (2%) max. allowed *– 1:75 (1.5%) preferred

* Exceptions in PROWAG

24”

max.

32” Min.

48” Min.

48” Min.

Pedestrian Access Route Pedestrian Access Route (PAR)(PAR)R301.3.1 R301.3.1

• Continuous WidthThe minimum continuous and unobstructed clear width of a pedestrian access route shall be 4 ft, exclusive of the width of the curb

Measure from back of curb!

4’

For sidewalks within the For sidewalks within the public right of way . . .public right of way . . .For sidewalks within the For sidewalks within the public right of way . . .public right of way . . .

• Sidewalk grade – ADASTF vs. PROWAG •ADASTF: Accessible Route: ramps, landings, railings, etc.•PROWAG: Pedestrian Access Route: match grade of road

ADASTF PROWAG

Surfaces of PARSurfaces of PARR302 & ADASTF 302 & 303R302 & ADASTF 302 & 303

• Firm, stable, slip-resistant– Dry or wet!

• Changes in level– ≤ ¼” – Vertical allowed– > ¼” ≤ ½” – 1:2 max. slope– > ½” – 1:12 max. slope

½” max.

¼” max.

SurfacesSurfacesR302.7 & ADASTF 302R302.7 & ADASTF 302

• Horizontal ‘gaps’– Grates & expansion joints

• ½” max. – Bascule bridges

• 1¼” max. – Railroad crossings

• (a) 2½” at passenger-only tracks

• (b) 3” at freight tracks

½” max.

2½” max.

3” max. 3” max.

2½” max.

1¼” max.

Moveable leaf

Fixed span

Protruding ObjectsProtruding ObjectsR402 & ADASTF 307R402 & ADASTF 307

• 27” – 80” range• Post-mounted – 12” max.

• Wall mounted – 4” max.

• Overhanging – 80” min.

SidewalksSidewalks

Quick review:• Pedestrian Access Route – 48” min. width • Check cross-slopes – 1:48 / 2% max.

• Check Surfaces – Firm, Stable, Slip-resistant

• Look for Level changes – ¼” / ½”• Look for Protruding Objects – 27”-80”

Index 310

(4’ min.) (4’

min.)

RampsRampsADASTF 405ADASTF 405

5’ min. 30’ - 40’ max. 5’ min.Top/Interim Landing Bottom LandingDepending on slope (see below) “Level” means:

2% or less slope

30” max.

Curb RampsCurb RampsR304R304

• Running Slopes (1:12 / 8.3% max.)

– Ex.: 6” rise & 1:12 slope @ 2% = 7’-4¼” long• Cross-slopes (1:48 / 2% max.)

• Landing at top (48” min.)

• Detectable Warnings

12

X = 48” min.

ADAAG 4.7

7’- 4¼”2%

8.3%

Curb Ramp GradeCurb Ramp Grade

• Least possible slope is preferred• Recommended maximum grade to allow for

construction tolerance – 7.1% • Maximum grade – 8.3%• Exception: when “chasing grade,” curb ramp length

need not exceed 15’, but slope must be uniform

7.1% desirable

8.3% max

Change of Grade Change of Grade (Counterslope) (Counterslope) R304.5.4 R304.5.4

• PROWAG allows 8.3% ramp and 5% grade at the adjacent street = 13.3% change of grade

• Recommendation:– Provide 2’ level area if

greater than 11.3%

8.3% MAX

Counterslope Greater than 13.3% Not Permitted

5% MAX

8.3% MAX 5% MAX

Provide 24” Level area if Algebraic Difference Exceeds 11%

24”

See notes in Index 304

Detectable WarningsDetectable WarningsR305R305

• Truncated domes only!– Design Standards – Index 304

• At curb ramps– Full width of ramp & 24” deep– Not on flared sides

• At landings and blended transitions– 24” deep from back of curb

Index 304

Detectable WarningsDetectable Warnings

• Truncated Domes– Rectilinear pattern

• Applied mat, tile, paver, thermoplastic– New construction– Retrofit, 3R– Maintenance

• Color/contrast with surrounding materials– Light-on-dark, Dark-on-light– Black, brick-red, safety yellow, etc.– Not Blue!

Index 304

2.35”

Pedestrian Crossings Pedestrian Crossings

Slope of crossing = cross-slope of roadway Cross-slope of crossing = grade of roadway Cross-slope of crossing:

‘STOP’-controlled: 2% max. Non - ‘STOP’-controlled: 5% max.

i.e., ‘YIELD’, signal or no control

Mid-block: Match grade of roadway

Pedestrian DetectorsPedestrian DetectorsR209 & MUTCD 4E.08-4E-13R209 & MUTCD 4E.08-4E-13

• In reach ranges– 42” FDOT Standard– 15” max. reach - over obstruction/edge of sidewalk– 2” dia. raised buttons– Between 1.5’-6’ from curb/roadway

• Up to 10’ with physical constraints

• Maneuvering space (30” x 48” min., ‘level’)

3’-6”

ADAAG 4.2

Index 17784

Accessible Pedestrian SignalsAccessible Pedestrian SignalsMUTCD 4E-09MUTCD 4E-09

• For pedestrians with vision impairments• Used in conjunction with pedestrian signal

timing• Add “non-visual” information:

– Tactile features– Audible tones– Vibrating surfaces– Speech messages

• Must indicate which crossingis served by each device

Pushbutton Locations Pushbutton Locations MUTCD 4E-10MUTCD 4E-10

NOTE: It must be clear which button controls which crossing. (per MUTCD).

If APSs cannot be placed at least 10 apart, they must ‘speak’ to you.

Accessible Parking SpacesAccessible Parking Spaces(Parking lot) FAC 208 & 502(Parking lot) FAC 208 & 502

• Accessible space– Width = 12’-0” min.

• Access aisle– Width = 5’-0” min.

• Curb cut– Outside space & aisle

• Slopes– 1:50 max. any direction

Index 17346

Accessible Parking Spaces Accessible Parking Spaces (On-street) R214 & R309(On-street) R214 & R309

• Accessible on-street parking space per block perimeter – approx. 4% of total– Table R214

• Parking spaces are best located where the roadway has the least cross-slope and profile grade, and close to key destinations (i.e., near crosswalks)

Maintenance of PARMaintenance of PAR28 CFR 35.133 28 CFR 35.133

Title II of the ADA requires public entities to maintain equipment and features of facilities to ensure accessibility to individuals with disabilities.

AlternateAlternate Pedestrian Pedestrian Access Routes Access Routes R205 & R303 & MUTCD 6D & 6GR205 & R303 & MUTCD 6D & 6G

• Alternate Pedestrian Access Routes are required when an existing pedestrian access route is blocked by construction, alteration, maintenance, or other temporary condition.

Alternate PARsAlternate PARs

• The alternate pedestrian access route shall be:– Provided on the same side of the street as the

disrupted route, to the maximum extent feasible– Where exposed to adjacent construction, traffic or

other hazards, shall be protected with a pedestrian barricade or channelization device with a hand-trailing edge

• Continuous, stable, non-flexible• Consist of features identified in the MUTCD Chapter 6F• Plastic tape is not acceptable!!!• Rows of barrels and/or cones is not acceptable…

(unless they are connected by a continuous ‘detectable edge’)

Course Objectives…Course Objectives…In this course, we've discussed…In this course, we've discussed…

• The Basics of accessibility laws, regulations, standards and guidelines– Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act– Americans with Disabilities Act

• ADA Standards (ADASTF)• Public ROW Guidelines (PROWAG)

• Our responsibilities under 504 and the ADA• Basic accessibility requirements• Where to find information

Help is availableHelp is available

• State:– FDOT District ADA Coordinator– FDOT C.O. ADA Coordinator

• Federal:– U.S. Architectural & Transportation Barriers

Compliance Board (Access Board)– U.S. Department of Justice– U.S. Department of Transportation - FHWA

ResourcesResources

U.S. Access BoardAccessibility Guidelines - ADAAG

www.access-board.gov

U.S. Dept. of Justice - ADAAccessibility Standards for Facilities & Sites

www.ada.gov

U.S. Dept. of Transportation – FHWAAccessibility Guidance & Standards for Public Rights of Way

www.dot.gov/citizen_services/disability/disability.html

Florida Dept. of Transportation - FDOTADA information on Website

www.dot.state.fl.us/projectmanagementoffice/ADA/

Contact us...Contact us...

Dean Perkins, Architect

ADA Coordinator850-414-4359

dean.perkins@dot.state.fl.us

or

Your District

ADA Coordinator(s)

Thank You!Thank You!

Merci!Arigato!

Dhanya Vaad! Xie Xie!

Gracias!Shokran!

Danke!

Live long and prosper!

And Now… And Now… for the FUN stufffor the FUN stuff !?!!?!

ADA Quiz!

ADA QuizADA Quiz

1. On what date did the ADA become effective?A. July 26, 1990

B. January 26, 1992

C. November 29, 2006

D. March 15, 2011o A o Bo Co D

ADA QuizADA Quiz

2. Under the ADA, what technical criteria are applied to FDOT roadway projects?

A. Section 504

B. ADA Standards for Accessible Design

C. ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities

D. Public Rights of Way Accessibility Guidelines o A and Bo B and Co C and Do A and D

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

3. What are the criteria for an accessible route and a pedestrian access route?

A. Accessible Route – 36” min. width

B. Pedestrian Access Route – 48” min. width

C. Accessible Route – Meet ramp criteria

D. Pedestrian Access Route – Follow roadway gradeo A and Bo A and Co B and Do All of the Above

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

4. What maximum cross-slope is allowed for an accessible route or a pedestrian access route under the ADA?

A. 2%

B. 8.3%

C. 5%

D. 1:12o A o Bo Co D

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

5. What are the surface requirements for a pedestrian access route?

A. Firm, stable & slip-resistant

B. ½” max. horizontal gap

C. ¼” max. vertical change-in-level

D. ½” max. ‘beveled’ change in levelo A and Bo C and Do B, C and Do All of the Above

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

6. What are the ADA requirements for curb ramps?

A. 8.3% max. slope

B. 2% max. cross-slope

C. Detectable warnings at bottom

D. 48” landing at topo A and Bo C and Do B, C and Do All of the Above

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

7. What are the requirements for detectable warnings?

A. Truncated domes – rectilinear pattern

B. Color/contrast with surrounding materials

C. 24” deep and full width of flush transition

D. Black, brick red, yellow or blueo A and Bo A, B and Co A, C and Do All of the Above

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

8. What are the requirements for an alternate pedestrian access route?

A. Detectable edge 2” above surface

B. Hand-trailing edge 32-36” above surface

C. Plastic tape

D. Cones or Barrelso A and Bo C and Do A, B and Co None of the Above

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

9. What are the criteria for protruding objects in a walkway?

A. 4” maximum offset from wall

B. 12" maximum offset from post

C. Between 27” and 80” above the surface

D. Between 27" and 84" above the surfaceo A, B and Co A and Do B and Co B and D

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

10. What are the criteria for accessible pedestrian signals?

A. Audible and tactile features

B. Push-Buttons in reach ranges

C. Between 1.5’ and 6’ from roadway edge

D. ‘Maneuvering space’ in front of button o A and Bo C and Do B, C and Do All of the Above

ADA Quiz ADA Quiz (cont.)(cont.)

• And, finally . . . The BONUS Question!

• Who must comply with the ADA?

o ALL of us!

Thank You!Thank You!

Merci!Merci! Todah Todah RabbahRabbah

Arigato!Arigato!Dhanya Vaad!Dhanya Vaad!

Xie Xie!Xie Xie!Gracias!Gracias!

Shokran!Shokran!

Danke!Danke!

Live long and prosper!Live long and prosper!