k1-media & communication

8/4/2019 K1-Media & Communication

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Lect. 1 : Introduction to

Communication and Media


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Communication - process that allows beings - in particular humans - toexchange information by one of several methods.

It requires symbols - languages -such as

(i) speaking or singing, (ii) nonverbal, (iii) physical means, such asbody language, sign language, touch or eye contact.

Level of Communication:

many levels (even for one single action), in many different ways, andfor all beings, and some machines.

Dimensions:

Content (what type of things are communicated)

Source (by whom)

Form (in which form)

Channel (through which medium) Destination/Receiver (to whom)

Purpose/Pragmatic aspect (with what kind of results)


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Communication as information transmission

processes ofinformation transmission governed by three levels ofsemiotic rules:

Syntactic (formal properties of signs and symbols), pragmatic (concerned with the relations between signs/expressions

and their users) and

semantic (study of relationships between signs and symbols andwhat they represent).

Therefore, communication is a kind of social interaction where at leasttwo interacting agents share a common set of signs and a commonset ofsemiotic rules. (This commonly held rule essentially ignoresautocommunication, including intrapersonal communication viadiaries or self-talk).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragmatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocommunicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrapersonal_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrapersonal_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocommunicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragmatichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntactichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotic


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In a simplistic model, information or content

(e.g. a message in natural language) is

sent in some form (as spoken language)

from a emissior /sender/encoderto a

destination/receiver/decoder. In a slightly

more complex form a sender and a

receiver are linked reciprocally.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encoderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encoder


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Forms of Communication

Non-verbal Nonverbal communication - act oremotional meaning .

Interchanging thoughts, opinions or information without theuse ofwords, using gesturessign language,facial expressions and body language.

Language

Language is a syntactically organized system of signals,

such as voice sounds, intonations or pitch, gestures or , written symbols which communicate thoughts or feelings.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonverbal_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_expressionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntaxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syntaxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_expressionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonverbal_communication


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Mass media

Mass media is a very large audience

(typically at least as large as the whole

population of a nation state). mass society

.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainstreamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainstreamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_media


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Channels / Media

The beginning of human communicationthrough artificial channels, i.e. not vocalizationor gestures, goes back to ancientcave paintings, drawn maps, and writing.

Dominant communication medium divideshistory into the following stages:

(i) Ideographic writing produced the firstcivilization; alphabetic writing,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_paintingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Writinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_paintingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocalization


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(ii) The second; printing,

(iii) The third; electronic recording andbroadcasting,

(iv) The fourth; and computer

communication,

(v) The fifth; mobile devices, involves ad-

hoc organization through, allowing for

effective many-to-many communicationand social networking
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network


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Electronic media

A revolution in telecommunications providing

new media for long distance communication.The first transatlantic two-way radio broadcast

occurred on July 25, 1920 and led to common

communication via analogue and digital media:

Analog telecommunications include traditionaltelephony, radio, and TV broadcasts.

Digital telecommunications allow for

computer-mediated communication, telegraphy,and computer networks.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunicationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_%28signal%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-mediated_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telegraphyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-mediated_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digitalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_%28signal%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications


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Communications media impact more than the reach ofmessages.

Thomas Edison had to discover that hello was the leastambiguous greeting by voice over a distance; previousgreetings such as hailtended to be garbled in thetransmission.

Modern communication media now allow for intense long-distance exchanges between larger numbers of people (many-to-many communication via e-mail, Internet forums).On the other hand, many traditional broadcast media andmass media favorone-to-many communication (television,cinema, radio, newspaper, magazines).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Edisonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Many-to-manyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-to-manyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-to-manyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Many-to-manyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Edison


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Media may refer to various aspects:

In communication:

Recording media, devices used to store information

Print media, communications delivered via paper orcanvas

Electronic media, communications delivered via

electronic or electromechanical energy Multimedia, communications that incorporate multiple forms

of information content and processing

Hypermedia, media with hyperlinks

Digital media, electronic media used to store, transmit andreceive digitized information
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recording_mediumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypermediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recording_medium


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Published media, any media made available to

the public Mass media, all means of mass communication Broadcast media, communications delivered over mass

electronic communication networks News media, mass media focused on communicating news

News media (United States), the news media of the United

States of America

Media meshing, the act of combining of multiplecommunication mediums to enrich aninformation consumer's experience

New media, media that can only be created orused with the aid of modern computerprocessing power
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Published_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_media_%28United_States%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_meshinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_meshinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_media_%28United_States%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/News_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_mediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Published_media


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