Kathrein Features

1Kathrein FeaturesRelevant antenna characteristicsfor Xpol antennas

Electrical and mechanical benefitsand design criterias of KATHREIN antennas

Kathrein MS Lautner 06-082 Kathreins sophisticated phase shifters provide a continuous downtilt angle adjustment (not in steps)

avoid any metal parts being shifted across, but use capacitive coupling (no risk of intermodulation, no limitation of lifetime)

ensure that the defined specifications apply to the whole downtilt rangeKathrein Features Adjustable Electrical Downtilt

The heart of antennas with adjustable electrical downtilt is the phase shifting element

(1st generation)Kathrein MS Lautner 06-083Antenna Basics / Antenna Gain

to concentrate the radiated power into the area around the horizon, half wave dipoles are arranged vertically and combined in phase

with every doubling of the dipoles number - the half power beam width approx. halves - the gain increases by 3 dB in the main direction Power increase factor 3 dB 2 6 dB 4 9 dB 8 10 dB 10 20 dB 100 Kathrein/Scholz 07/044Antenna Basics / Panel Construction Horizontal Beamwidth

Kathrein/Scholz 07/045

Xpol Design / Construction100% symmetrical construction

90 beam width rotating the single dipole +/- 45 X shape

65 beam width rotating the pair of dipole +/- 45 rhomb or square shape65 half power beam width 90739 622Kathrein/Scholz 07/046High isolation required because both terminations of a Xpol antenna are used for Rx and TxKathrein Features High isolation-45 +45

Isolation (Decoupling) Due to patented decoupling elements Kathrein antennas provide an isolation of > 30 dB between - the different polarizations - the frequency bands

Examples : 742 212 (1710-2170 MHz / variable downtilt) 739 638 ( 824-960 MHz / variable downtilt) Kathrein MS Lautner 06-087 = 0

= 0

= 0

= 0

= 0

Double phase shifterconnectordipoles

Kathrein Features Adjustable Electrical DowntiltKathrein MS Lautner 06-088 = + 140

= + 70

= 0

= - 70

= -140

Double phase shifter

connectordipolesLonger pathshorter path

Kathrein Features Adjustable Electrical DowntiltKathrein MS Lautner 06-089Kathrein Features Adjustable Electrical DowntiltAccuracy of the adjustable electrical tilt mechanism - e.g. 800 10621

Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0810Important electrical values for dual-polarized Base Station AntennasWhich values are the indicator for the electrical performance of antennas for mobile communication besides the values given in the data sheets like VSWR, F-t-B, IM, gain or decoupling?

Which values are also absolutely important for all Operators regarding the quality and reliable performance of their network, like coverage, diversity, signal strength, avoidance of interference, avoidance of drop-calls and defined hand-over-scenarios?

SquintTrackingCrossPolarRatioEspecially Squint and Tracking are more or less related to each other and should not be seen as independent performance values. But to show the basic design criteria, we want to have a look on both seperately.Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0811Kathrein Features High CPRCross polar ratio (+/- 45 polarization) Cross polar ratio describes the correlation between two orthogonal polarizations measured in the farfield (accurate +/- 45)

Ratio between the co-polar and the cross-polar signal (identical compared to opposite polarization)

CPR orthogonal polarizations high cross polar ratio excellent diversity performance

Excellent cross-polar ratio (CPR) values for the complete sector, performed by a complete new dipole element (patent pending)Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0812Kathrein Features High CPRrecommended values: main direction >20 dB sector +/- 60 degree >10 dB

Antenna 800 10304 : Xpol Panel 806-960 65 16.3 dBi 0- 10 T Antenna 742 215 : Xpol Panel 1710-2170 65 18 dBi 0- 10 T measured CPR values of Kathrein antennas :

Kathrein MS Lautner 06-08CPR Relevance

Not only the main direction BUT especially sector borders are from great interest regarding CPR!The CPR-value at + /- 60 from the main direction should not be worse than ~10dB!Example of competitor antenna with bad CPR behaviorKathrein/Scholz 07/04CPR Relevance

CPR performance of a competitor antennaKathrein/Scholz 07/04CPR RelevanceImpact of wrongly designed CPR antennas for the network performance: Decreased Diversity Gain having massively bad influences on Ec/Io results

KATHREINCompetitorCalculation based on -86dBm minimum coverage at least -10 dB signal to noise ratio (Ec/Io)Prediction with Symena Antenna Demonstrator 2.1Kathrein/Scholz 07/0416Minimum tracking Symmetry between the +45 and the -45 polarized horizontal pattern, measured at +/- 60 from the direction orthogonal to the reflector screen, at same frequency and same downtilt angle

tracking compensation reduces the difference to 2 dB Kathrein Features Minimum Tracking

Antenna 742 2152140 MHz / 8 DT+ 45 pattern - 45 patternKathrein MS Lautner 06-0817Kathrein antenna 742 351(X-Pol F-Panel 1710-2170MHz 33 21dBi 0-8 tilt)

2140 MHz; 8 electrical tilt; +45 / -45 polPolar-linear Polar-logarithmicNot only our 65 X-Pol antennas are designed with regard to this high level specifications, but also our 33- or 90-antennas!Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0818Squint Deviation of the main direction of the horizontal pattern compared to the direction orthogonal to the reflector screen, measured over the frequency range Definition of main direction : bisector of the angle between the -3 dB points of the pattern

Target value : +/- 5% of half power beam width

Antenna 742 2121710 MHz / 0DT / -452110 MHz / 0DT / -45

Xpol Antennas / SquintKathrein/Scholz 07/0419Kathrein antenna 742 215 (X-Pol F-Panel 1710 - 2000MHz 18dBi 0-10T)

Polar-linearPolar-logarithmic1750MHz / 2140MHz -45 10 electrical tiltKathrein MS Lautner 06-0820Constant electrical performance under environmental conditions Kathrein Features Environment

Kathrein antennas : Sun, rain, snow, ice do not significantly effect the electrical parameters

Not every other manufacturer develops like Kathrein

Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0821due to the slim structure and small surface of dipoles (e.g. compared to patches), and the covered feeding cable harness, the created additional capacitance is relatively low

Kathrein Features EnvironmentPatch designdipole designRain, snow or ice create a load on all the radiating elements; this additional capacitance depends on the surface area of the radiators (not only the dipols are affected, but also all other elements like feeding systems)

Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0822Excellent mechanical performance

Closed construction :

completely closed radome made of an extruded fiberglass profileseparated electrical and mechanical componentsreduced sealing procedure by top and bottom caps

Kathrein Features Mechanical performance

Other construction :

aluminum body and fiberglass half radome have very similar temperature coefficients (no cracks due to temperature changes)Kathrein MS Lautner 06-0823Kathrein FeaturesThank you very much for your attention!Any questions?

Kathrein MS Lautner 06-08Tabelle1CPR of antenna 741 784Frequency 2110 MHzDT-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060Tilt 014.618.120.822.623.523.623.122.020.418.716.815.013.4Tilt 214.418.121.423.724.524.223.321.820.017.915.813.912.1Tilt 413.917.821.324.125.324.923.521.619.617.415.213.111.2Tilt 611.715.118.220.822.723.022.020.318.416.314.112.110.3Tilt 812.415.317.319.120.722.122.821.919.917.515.513.812.8Tilt 1011.013.415.217.018.920.721.921.319.417.115.113.612.7

MBD00000224.unknown

MBD00000834.unknown

MBD000BDAFE.unknown

MBD001300B0.unknown

MBD0013574A.unknown

MBD000C0AF3.unknown

MBD000009FC.unknown

MBD00000A58.unknown

MBD00000890.unknown

MBD000005B4.unknown

MBD0000066C.unknown

MBD000007D8.unknown

MBD00000610.unknown

MBD000003EC.unknown

MBD00000448.unknown

MBD00000390.unknown

MBD0000016C.unknown

MBD000001C8.unknown

Tabelle1CPR of antenna 739 638Frequency 870 MHzDT-60-50-40-30-20-100102030405060Tilt 023.423.121.8212121.3222324.727.128.926.121.2Tilt 219.822.923.322.622.422.422.522.823.323.72423.722.2Tilt 4172123.523.723.52322.522.121.721.32120.820.8Tilt 615.419.422.924.324.223.422.521.520.719.919.419.219.3Tilt 814.318.22224.424.623.622.220.919.718.818.117.717.7Tilt 1011.515.119.224.128.426.422.719.617.315.413.812.511.6