kerala model in harmonising public participation &...
TRANSCRIPT
STATE OF THE STATES
Kerala Model in Harmonising Public Participation & Innovation
1
Kerala: Best Performing large states in Environment and Cleanliness
SANITATION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES IN KERALA
SUCHITWA MISSION
1996- Devolution of power- People’s Plan Campaign2000- Composting Plants at Kozhikkode & Trivandrum
2000- Kerala Total Sanitation & Health (KTSHM) - Rural sanitation
2004- Clean Kerala Mission Ltd (CKM)- Enabling waste management in LSGIs
2006- Sectoral status study on SWM
2007- Zero Waste Kerala Action Plan (Malinya Muktha Keralam)
2008- Suchitwa Mission- Institutional reform- Merged KTSHM & CKM
2012- Clean Kerala Company- Floated by GoK & Local Self Govt.
2016- Haritha Keralam Mission- Integrating Sanitation, Water conservation &
Organic cultivation
KERALA'S INITIATIVES IN SANITATION SECTOR
10-Dec-18 3
❖Technical Support Group in Sanitation & Waste Management Sector
❖Functioning under Local Self Government Department, GoK
❖ Nodal agency for sanitation sector & Provides:
➢Scientific advisories for ensuring environmental sanitation
➢Technical sanction for solid & liquid waste management projects
➢Organize IEC Campaigns & Capacity building in sanitation sector
➢Top-up financial support to LSGIs for project implementation
➢Carry out overall coordination & monitoring of sanitation sector 4
RURAL KERALA DECLARED 100% OPEN DEFECATION FREEon 1st November 2016
• 1,74,720 new toilets constructed in critical areas- remote tribal hamlets,
water-logged areas and coastal stretches- last mile connectivity
• Urban Kerala is all set to declare 100% ODF – 99.7% completed
• Behaviour change through Inter Personal Communication by ASHA &
Kudumbasree workers
• Mission accomplished through Total Sanitation Campaign, Swach Bharath
Mission & State Plan Fund
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Toilets constructed in remote rural
areas
6
Haritha Keralam Mission
Regaining the past glory of Kerala in
Cleanliness, Water availability &
Safe-to-Eat Agricultural produces
and addressing Climate Change
Sub-mission
Sanitation & Waste
Management
Sub-mission
Water
Conservation
Sub-mission
Agricultural expansion
Making use of linkages
Enhanced water availability - Production of organic manure –Safe-to-eat agricultural produces
Reduced pollution & Enhanced environmental security
CHALLENGES IN SANITATION & WASTE MANAGEMENT SECTOR
• Scarcity of public land
• High rainfall (~ 150 rainy days)
• High density of population (860/sq.kms)
• High moisture content and low calorific
value of Solid Waste
• Not In My Backyard (NIMBY) Syndrome
• Typical geophysical characteristics of Low
Land, Midland & High Land
• Regions with high water table, water
logging & steep slopes8
APPROACH TO WASTE MANAGEMENT
❖State follows Overflow Waste Management
approach by:
➢ Managing waste at Households, Institutions,
Community & Centralized levels
➢ Non-biodegradables in a centralized manner
considering viability for recycling
The focus is on Reduce, Reuse & Recycle of waste,
finally achieving zero waste9
STRATEGIES ADOPTED
• Promoting segregation of waste at source
• Cleaning public places
• Source level composting of bio-degradables
• Door-to-Door collection of non-biodegradables
• Resource Recovery Facility
• Captive facilities for Bulk waste generators
• Citizen Grievance Redressal
• Enabling Legal framework-
Penalties for violation and enforcement of rules
• Green protocol for waste reduction
Green protocol is essentially a
set of measures focused on
waste reduction, primarily to
prevent the use of disposables
through reusable alternatives
like glass/stainless/porcelain
plates/cups/cutleries.
It is a active movement in Kerala, taking the form of an enviro-cultural revolution; changing
the way we live on this planet. 10
GREEN PROTOCOL
• Waste reduction & disposable free campaign
• Introduced in National Games 2015
• Followed in various events & functions (both Gov
& Pvt)
• All government offices to comply with green
protocol- order by GoK G.O (MS) No.
132/2018/LSGD dtd 19.09.1018
• All government functions to comply with green
protocol
• 1369 government offices in the state following
green protocol 11
Green protocol followed in all major public
functions, festivals, marriages etc.
Green Protocol during Ramzan festival
Green Protocol in election campaigns-Kannur
By-election
Green Protocol in wedding functions
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PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS UNDER SUCHITWA MISSION
Suchitwa Keralam (Urban)- State Plan
Suchitwa Keralam (Rural)- State Plan
Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban)- CSS
Swachh Bharat Mission (Rural)- CSS
CCDU- Sanitation- Central
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MAJOR COMPONENTS
• Solid Waste Management- Modification & repair of existing Waste
Management facilities
• Source Level Waste Management- HH, Institution & Community level
• Liquid Waste Management- Sewage & Septage Management
• Promoting recycling enterprises
• IEC and Capacity Building
• Regular pre-monsoon cleaning (Arogyajagratha)
Suchitwa Keralam1
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COMPONENTS
• IHHL
• Community & Public Toilets
• Solid and Liquid Waste Management
• IEC and CB
• Community & Public Toilets
• Solid & Liquid Waste Management
• IEC and CB
SBM (U) SBM (G)2 3
15
Levels
Household Institutional Community
SOURCE LEVEL MANAGEMENT OF BIODEGRADABLES
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• Devices of various capacities distributed to households to manage kitchen waste
Pipe compostTri-bin compost Tri-pot compostRing compost
SOURCE LEVEL COMPOSTING OFBIO-DEGRADABLES – HOUSEHOLD LEVEL
Biogas plants
Kitchen binBucket
composter
Pot composter
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COMMUNITY/INSTITUTIONAL LEVEL COMPOSTING OF BIODEGRADABLES
• Aerobic bins, Biogas plants, Organic Waste Converters for housing colonies,
apartment complexes and public places like markets
Portable biobinsOrganic waste converter Aerobic binsBiogas plants18
Aerobic Composting Unit, Palayam
Thiruvananthapuram
Biobin Composting Unit,
Technopark, Thiruvananthapuram
Vermi-Composting Unit, N.Paravur,
Ernakulam
Community biogas Plant, Palayam
Thiruvananthapuram
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WASTE MANAGEMENT –PROGRESS SO FAR
• 1,39,851 biogas plants at households
• 1320 biogas plants at institutions
• 98 biogas plants at community levelTotal waste generation
in Kerala is ~ 9000 tpd.
About 45% of the
biodegradable waste
generated is handled
through these systems
• 314205 composting plants at HH level
• 29420 composting plants at institutions
• 2003 composting plants at community level
• About 30 lakh composting pits
• 10 centralized composting plants
• 261 Material Collection Facilities (MCFs)
• 88 Resource Recovery Facilities (RRFs)
• 106 Plastic shredding units20
DOOR TO DOOR COLLECTION OF NON-BIODEGRADABLES
❖Harithakarmasena (HKS) formed in 1005 LSGIs out of 1034
❖26358 trained HKS by the Kudumbasree Mission
❖355 HKS units operational for door-to-door collection of non-biodegradables
Haritha Karma Sena (HKS) or Green Task Force - a Micro Enterprise Unit
formed in each LSGI with 2 persons in each ward to do door to door collection
of non-biodegradable waste & assist in biodegradable waste management
by charging a user fee (~Rs.60/- Rs. 800/- depending on services provided)21
COLLECTION AND STORAGE OF NON-BIODEGRADABLES FOR RECYCLING
• Secondary storage of non-biodegradables
in Material Collection Facility (MCF)
Centres
• 261 MCF established
• Non-biodegradables from MCF moved to
Resource Recovery Facility (RRF) in
Block Panchayats, Municipalities and
Corporations Sample MCF in Palakkad Municipality
22
RECYCLING OF NON-BIODEGRADABLE WASTE
• 88 RRFs functional on a cluster basis; 175 more needed
• Non biodegradables segregated for shredding and bailing for recycling
• 106 functional plastic shredding units
Plastic shredding unitPlastic shredding unit
Plastic bailing unit
Material Collection Facility
23
CENTRALISED SOLID WASTE TREATMENT PLANTS
• The state promotes centralised plants
wherever possible- Centralised aerobic
composting plants; Waste to Energy
Plants (under proposal)
Thermal waste to energy plant
Biomethanation waste to energy plant
Windrow composting plant24
Waste water (Grey & Black), Septage, Fecal sludge
➢Kerala adopted on-site sanitation: 26 lakh septic tanks; 44 lakh Leach pits
➢Septage generation - 3500 m3/day; Fecal sludge generation- 4700 m3/day
➢Presently having two standalone Septage/Fecal sludge treatment plants
➢Need to install more septage treatment facilities water: 0.07 to 350 mg/L
10-Dec-18 25
ANNUAL PLAN 2018-19 (amount in Lakh)
CENTRALLY SPONSORED SCHEMES
Scheme Amount Expenditure Components
Swachh Bharat Mission
(Gramin)11,085 3,202.01
SLWM in
Gramapanchayats
Swachh Bharat Mission
(Urban)7,208 3,912.71
SLWM in Urban
Local Bodies
STATE SPONSORED SCHEMES
Suchitwa Keralam
(Rural)4,000 1,807.25
SLWM in
Gramapanchayats
Suchitwa Keralam
(Urban)2,500 597.24
SLWM in Urban
Local Bodies
Total 24,793 7,730.68 31.11%
In Kerala,
10-15% of the plan
fund of LSGIs (~Rs.700
Cr. ) mandatorily
earmarked for SLWM
projects
➢93 ULBs to become zero waste on ground over a period
of next 18 months
➢100% source level biowaste management at Household,
Institutional & Community level
➢Establishment of about 19500 MCF for secondary
storage of non-biodegradables
➢Establishment of 175 RRF for facilitating recycling
WAY FORWARD
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➢Establishing captive waste management systems for
all the bulk solid waste generators
➢Establishing model standalone Septage/Fecal sludge
waste treatment plants across the state
➢Establishing Septage/Sewage treatment plant for
one major government hospitals/district during
2018-19
➢Universal coverage of Green Protocol in government
institutions and functions
WAY FORWARD
28
SUCHITWA MISSION DURING MEGA FLOOD - 2018
• 10 of the 14 Districts severely affected by the Mega Flood of Kerala;
• 6 Districts extremely affected (386 Gram Panchayats & 41
Municipalities)
• 3274 flood relief camps opened for 12,47,496 severely affected people
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ENSURING HYGIENE & SANITATION IN RELIEF CAMPS
❖263 Bio toilets installed in relief camps
❖Temporary toilet complexes provided as
required
❖Persuaded to comply with Green Protocol in
relief camps
❖Dissemination of guidelines for hygiene
compliance through pamphlets, posters,
interpersonal communication in relief camps,
Radio broadcast, TV telecast and Social media
❖Temporary composting pits provided; plastic
waste collected and transferred to recyclers
Bio toilets at Kuttanad, Alappuzha
30
ENSURING HYGIENE & SANITATION IN RELIEF CAMPS
• Organized collection & treatment of sewage/septage through existing
Effluent Treatment Plants at NTPC & Other industrial units etc.
• Mobile septage treatment plants (4 Nos) mobilised through UNICEF and
utilised
Mobile septage treatment unit
31
POST FLOOD CLEANING ACTIVITIES
• 2,79,168 squads cleaned 6,93,287 houses, 5836
public buildings and 2371 public places; 213 km
of drains
• 4523 tonnes biodegradable waste disposed at
source
32
POST FLOOD CLEANING ACTIVITIES
• 13413 tonne of non-biodegradable waste collected
and handed over to scrap dealers for recycling or
disposed through engineered landfill
33
POST FLOOD CLEANING ACTIVITIES
• 6568 Skilled Task Force consisting of
electricians, plumbers, carpenters, fitters
etc. were mobilized
• 300956 wells were disinfected through
chlorination using bleaching powder or
chlorine tablets; 154136 wells hypo-
chlorinated
34
POST FLOOD CLEANING ACTIVITIES
• Disposed of 5850 large animal carcass,
8807 small animal carcass and more than
8 lakh birds
Animal carcass disposal
OUTCOME
ZERO CASUALITIES DUE TO
POST FLOOD CONTAGIOUS
DISEASES
35
TOTAL WASTE COLLECTED VS DISPOSED
District
Bio
degradable
waste
collected
(Kg)
Bio
degradable
waste
Disposed
(Kg)
Bio
degradable
waste
Disposed %
Non Bio
degradable
waste
Collected
(MT)
Non Bio
degradabl
e waste
Disposed
%
Animal
Carcasses
buried
Alappuzha 2,39,467 2,24,587 94.35 1342.5 100 93,450
Ernakulam 25,23,030 24,24,158 95 4177.19 100 1,60,089
Kottayam 56,476 56,476 100 687.14 100 61,866
Pathanamthitta 5,81,756 5,81,756 100 1865 100 72,297
Thrissur 6,77,116 6,76,936 100 5450.87 100 4,06,779
Wayanad 2,90,989 2,88,289 100 627.51 100 34,816
Grand Total 43,68,834 42,52,202 98.22 14150.2 100 8,29,29736
• State is happy to inform that there was no casualty due to post flood contagious diseases by ensuring environmental hygiene, safe drinking water and sanitation
• Could avert contagious diseases like diarrhoea, typhoid, malaria, dengue etc
Houses affected by flood: 693287
Wells affected : 320026
Institutions affected by flood : 6191
Public places affected : 2492
MEGA FLOOD 2018
37
10-Dec-18 38
JOINTLY PROMOTED BY GOVERNMENT OF KERALA
& LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS
PROMOTERS OF THE COMPANY
PROMOTERS PERCENTAGE EQUITY PARTICIPATION
STATE GOVERNMENT 26% 13000
MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS 9.68% 48400
MUNICIPALITIES 18.16% 90834
10-Dec-18 39
10-Dec-18 40
▪ Comprehensive waste management plan to collect, segregate and scientifically manage Non Bio Degradable waste in Local Self Government Institutions
▪ Management of Non Biodegradables including plastic rejects, Glass waste, and E waste including hazardous e-waste
FUNCTIONS OF CLEAN KERALA COMPANY LIMITED (CKCL)
CKCL AUTHORISED TO ADDRESS MANAGEMENT OF NON BIO DEGRADABLE WASTE
10-Dec-18 41
Bio Degradable Waste
▪ All left over Food items
▪ Fruits & Vegetables, Vegetable peels
▪ Spoiled food grain
▪ Agriculture remains
▪ Litters from field, orchards and farms
▪ Fish and meat
Non -biodegradable waste management – the concept
10-Dec-18 42
Non Biodegradable Waste
▪ Books, News Papers, Card boards and all cartons
▪ Plastic bottles, carry bag, broken plastic furniture, toys etc
▪ Milk Cover, Oil, Fish, Meat and other food carried plastics and Aluminum foil
▪ Thermocol, Rexene, packaging material, photocopying papers, polythene papers
▪ Leather, Shoes, Chapels and Bag
▪ Textile rejects, old cloth
▪ Metal
▪ Glass Bottles, Brocken Glass,
▪ Human hair
▪ Tube light, CFL, Batteries etc
10-Dec-18 43
Material Collection Facility (MCF)
▪ Facility to store collected Non Bio Degradable waste from source
▪ Established in Grama Panchayats and wards of Municipalities and Corporations
▪ Haritha Karma Sena collects waste from households, institutions and
markets
▪ Segregates recyclable and Non recyclable at MCF
▪ Recyclable waste sold to recycling industry
▪ Plastic, non recyclable rejects forwarded to Resource Recovery Facility (RRF)
10-Dec-18 44
Material Collection Facility (MCF) - Chittoor Municipality
10-Dec-18 45
Resource Recovery Facility (RRF)
▪ Facility to store collected Non Bio Degradable waste from MCF
▪ Established by Block Panchayats, Municipalities and Corporations
▪ Operation and Maintenance by the CKCL
▪ Segregates recyclable and Non recyclable waste
▪ Recyclable waste sold to recycling industry including e-waste
▪ Non recyclable waste send for safe disposal including landfill
▪ Mechanical shredding of Plastic less than 50 micron
▪ Good plastic after bailing and packing send to recycling industry
▪ Shredding machine, Bailing machine and Dust remover available
▪ Operated by an Activity Group identified and formed from among Kudumbashree
members
10-Dec-18 46
Plastic Waste Segregation at RRF
10-Dec-18 47
Resource Recovery Facility (RRF- Trivandrum Municipal Corporation)
10-Dec-18 48
The ProcessCollection of Non Bio Degradable waste by Haritha Karma Sena from source
Rejects for safe disposal
Shredded plastic for polymerized road construction
Shredding of low grade clean plastics using shredding machines
Transfer to Block Level / Municipal Level RRFs
Segregation –Recyclable / Non Recyclable - at MCFs
Transfer to Grama Panchayath/Municipal ward Level MCFs
10-Dec-18 49
Production and Sale of Shredded Plastics
Year Quantity Produced
(KG)
Quantity sold (KG)
PWD LSGD
2016 - 17 90301.62 17150.52 73151.10
2017 - 18 117107.90 40363.89 76744.01
2018 - 19 69829.37 40536.54 29292.83
Total 277238.90 98050.96 179187.94
10-Dec-18 50
Recyclable e-Waste
10-Dec-18 51
1. CPU with all accessories 2. Water Heater,
3. LCD/LED and CRT Monitors, 4. Electronic stove /Induction Cooker
5. Laptops, 6. AC
7. Servers 8. Chargers,
9. Hard disks, 10. Air Cooler,
11. RAM, 12. Radio/tape recorder,
13. PCB boards, 14. Ceiling Fan
15. CD Drive, 16. Pedestal/Table Fans,
17. UPS, 18. CD / DVD player,
19. Cables, 20. Lead Acid batteries ,
21. Keyboard, 22. VCR,
10-Dec-18 52
23. Mouse, 24. Telephone,
25. Fax machine, 26. Mobile Phone,
27. Printer, 28. Connector ,
29. Projector, 30. Thumb drives,
31. Photo Copy Machine, 32. Power control units,
33. Scanner and all type of IT accessories 34. Handsets,
35. Home appliances 36. Motors
37. Refrigerator , 38. Calculators etc
39. Washing machine , 40. Chokes
41. Tele Vision, 42. Broken IT material and electronic
peripherals,
43. Iron Box, 44. Sound systems
Recyclable e-Waste
10-Dec-18 53
1. CFL 2. DVDs
3. Tube lights 4. Magnetic Tapes
5. Floppies 6. Light fittings
7. Used Toner Cartridges 8. Reels
9. Toys 10. Picture tubes
11. CDs 12. Broken television
13. Emergency Lamp 14. Broken It material and electric parts
Non Recyclable Hazardous e-Waste
10-Dec-18 54
E-Waste
Collection and Disposal of E-Waste
Year Quantity Collected
(MT)
Quantity Disposed
(MT)
2014 - 15 100.60 100.60
2015 - 16 117.80 117.80
2016 - 17 103.00 103.00
2017 - 18 1276.70 1276.70
2018 - 19 151.30 136.30
Total 1754.70 1739.70
10-Dec-18 55
10-Dec-18 56
Collection and Disposal of e-Waste
10-Dec-18 57
Shredding of plastic waste
The cleaned plastic waste will be shredded or cut in to
small pieces by using a Shredding machine
PLASTIC
SHREDDING MACHINE
10-Dec-18 58
10-Dec-18 59
10-Dec-18 60
▪ PROJECT FOR SHREDDING OF PLASTIC.
▪ SHREDDED PLASTIC FOR POLYMARISED ROAD
CONSTRUCTION
▪ UTILIZATION OF PETROLEUM BASED
REJECTS(PLASTIC,THERMO)
▪ TECHNOLOGIAL SUPPORT FOR POLYMERISED ROAD
TARING
PLASTIC SHREDDING UNIT
10-Dec-18 61
SHREDDED PLASTIC AFTER BAILING
POLIMERIZED ROAD CONSTRUCTION - PROCESS
10-Dec-18 62
Shredded plastics used for road tarring
277 tonnes of shredded plastics handed over to Local bodies and PWD for road tarring till
18.11.201810-Dec-18 63
KALOOR MANAPATTYPARAMBU ROAD, Polymerized road of COCHIN
Corporation -2009
10-Dec-18 64
10-Dec-18 65
10-Dec-18 66
Bailing of other Plastic
10-Dec-18 67
10-Dec-18 68
Post Flood Cleaning Operation
▪ Active participation in post flood cleaning operation
▪ Non Bio Degradable waste removed from flood affected area
▪ Non Recyclable waste lifted for sanitary land fill
▪ Unprecedented characteristic of non bio degradable waste –
Mattress, pillow, cloth, upholsteries, school bag, tyre & tube,
leather items, chapel shoes, wooden furniture etc
▪ Total 15674.81 MT waste lifted
10-Dec-18 69
Sl No District Qty (MT)
1 Thrissur 5450.87
2 Ernakulam 4177.19
3 Pathanamthita 1865.00
4 Alappuzha 1342.50
5 Kozhikode 905 .00
6 Kottayam 687.14
7 Wayanad 627.51
8 Malappuram 283.00
9 Idukki 221.23
10 Palakkad 115.36
Total 15674.81
Post Flood Cleaning Operation- District wise details
10-Dec-18 70
▪ E-Waste dismantling facility in all Districts
▪ Material collection facility in all Government Office complex
▪ Operation and maintenance of RRF in all LSGIs
▪ Waste Collection facility in all Super markets and Malls
▪ Plastic recycling facility in three regions of the State
▪ Expansion of Polymerized road construction technology
10-Dec-18 71
▪ Promoting usage of plastic waste (shredded) for soil
stabilization in new road construction
▪ Recycling unit for glass waste management
▪ Establishing tie up with furnace based industries for
disposal of non recyclable waste
▪ Collection center and disposal facility for domestic
bio medical waste
▪ Networking of recycling industries and promote
entrepreneurs
10-Dec-18 72