kimia mrsm spm 2007

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4541/1 © Copyright reserved MARA [See next page CONFIDENTIAL

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CONFIDENTIAL 4541/1 Chemistry Paper 1 September 2007 1¼ hour

SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION 2007

MARA JUNIOR SCIENCE COLLEGE

CHEMISTRY

Paper 1

One hour and fifteen minutes

DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION BOOK

UNTIL BEING TOLD TO DO SO.

1. The question booklet is bilingual. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. 2. Candidates are advised to read information for candidates on page 2.

Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat untuk pelajar di halaman 2.

This question booklet has 27 printed pages

http://cikguadura.wordpress.com/

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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON 1. This question paper consists of 50 questions.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 50 soalan..

2. Answer all questions. Jawab semua soalan. 3. Answer each question by blackening the correct space on the answer sheet. Jawab dengan menghitamkan ruangan yang betul pada kertas jawapan. 4. Blacken only one space for each question. Hitamkan satu ruangan sahaja bagi setiap soalan . 5. If you wish to change your answer, erase the blackened mark that you have made.

Then blacken the space for the new answer. Sekiranya anda hendak menukar jawapan, padamkan tanda yang telah dibuat. Kemudian hitamkan jawapan yang baru.

6. The diagrams in the questions provided are not drawn to scale unless stated.

Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan. 7. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh deprogram.

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1 The nucleus of an atom contains Nukleus sesuatu atom mengandungi A electrons only elektron sahaja

B neutrons only neutron sahaja

C both protons and neutrons proton dan neutron

D both protons and electrons proton dan electron

2 Which statement is correct about noble gases?

Manakah antara pernyataan berikut benar tentang gas adi? A Exist as diatomic molecules Wujud sebagai molekul dwiatom

B Do not form chemical bonds Tidak membentuk ikatan kimia

C Form ions with different valencies Membentuk ion dengan berbagai valensi

D Combine with transition metals to form coloured compounds Bergabung dengan logam peralihan membentuk sebatian berwarna

3 Which of the following substances has electrostatic forces between its particles?

Manakah antara bahan berikut mempunyai daya tarikan elektrostatik antara zarah? A Naphthalene Naftalena

B Carbon dioxide Karbon dioksida

C Hydrogen chloride Hidrogen klorida

D Magnesium oxide Magnesium oksida

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4 Acid rain causes the land to become acidic. Farmers neutralize the acidity in the soil by adding

Hujan asid menyebabkan tanah menjadi berasid. Petani meneutralkan keasidan tanah dengan menambahkan

A lime

kapur

B sulphur Sulfur

C zinc nitrate zink nitrat

D ammonium sulphate ammonium sulfat

5 Table 1 shows information about the ability of three substances to conduct electricity.

Jadual1 menunjukkan maklumat tentang kebolehan tiga bahan untuk mengalirkan elektrik.

Substance Bahan P Q R

Electrical conductivity in solid state. Kekonduksian elektrik dalam keadaan pepejal √ X X

Electrical conductivity in molten state. Kekonduksian elektrik dalam keadaan leburan √ X √

TABLE 1

Which of the following statements is true? Manakah antara pernyataan berikut benar? A Solid and molten P contains free moving ions. Pepejal dan leburan P mengandungi ion-ion bergerak bebas.

B Solid and molten Q contain atoms Pepejal dan leburan Q mengandungi atom.

C Molten R contains free moving ions Leburan R mempunyai ion-ion bergerak bebas

D There are no ions in solid R. Tiada ion dalam pepejal R

6 Sodium hydroxide solution is added to hydrochloric acid in a beaker. Which of the following ionic equations represents the reaction that occurs? Larutan natrium hidroksida dicampur dengan asid hidroklorik di dalam satu bikar. Manakah antara persamaan ion berikut mewakili tindak balas yang berlaku? A Na+ + Cl- → NaCl

B H+ + OH - → H2O

C Na+ + OH - → NaOH

D H+ + Cl- → HCl

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7 Which of the following salt is soluble in water? Manakah antara garam berikut larut dalam air?

A Iron(II) sulphate Ferum(II) sulfat

B Silver chloride Argentum klorida

C Calcium carbonate Kalsium karbonat

D Lead(II) bromide Plumbum(II) bromida

8 Baking powder contains sodium hydrogen carbonate. It reacts with acidic substances to release Serbuk penaik mengandungi natrium hidrogen karbonat. Ia bertindak balas dengan bahan berasid untuk membebaskan A hydrogen hidrogen

B nitrogen nitrogen

C carbon dioxide karbon dioksida

D nitrogen dioxide nitrogen dioksida

9 Diagram 1 shows steps in industrial preparation of sulphuric acid. Rajah 1 menunjukkan langkah penyediaan asid sulfurik secara industri.

DIAGRAM 1

Which of the following steps requires a catalyst? Manakah antara langkah berikut memerlukan mangkin?

A I

B II

C III

D IV

S → SO2 → SO3 → H2S2O7 → H2SO4 I II III IV

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10 Diagram 2 shows the arrangement of atoms in bronze. Rajah 2 menunjukkan susunan atom dalam gangsa.

DIAGRAM 2 What is atom X? Apakah atom X? A Aluminium Aluminium

B Zinc Zink

C Tin Stanum

D Carbon Karbon

11 Which of the following reactions occurs at the highest rate? Manakah antara tindak balas berikut berlaku pada kadar yang paling tinggi?

A Photosynthesis Fotosintesis

B Rusting of iron Pengaratan besi

C Combustion of hydrogen in oxygen Pembakaran hidrogen dalam oksigen

D Combustion of magnesium in oxygen Pembakaran magnesium dalam oksigen

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12 Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up used to study the rate of reaction of calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas antara kalsium karbonat dengan asid hidroklorik.

DIAGRAM 3

The rate of the above reaction can be increased by Kadar bagi tindak balas diatas boleh ditingkatkan dengan A grinding the marble chips menumbuk halus kalsium karbonat

B lowering the temperature of hydrochloric acid menurunkan suhu asid hidroklorik

C using a larger flask menggunakan kelalang yang lebih besar

D adding water to hydrochloric acid menambahkan air ke dalam asid

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13 Diagram 4 represents the structural formula of a carbon compound. Rajah 4 mewakili formula struktur suatu sebatian karbon,.

DIAGRAM 4

Which of the following alcohol reacts with propanoic acid to produce the above compound?

Manakah antara alkohol berikut bertindak balas dengan asid propanoik untuk menghasilkan sebatian di atas?

A

B

C

D

14 Unsaturated fats can be converted to saturated fats through Lemak tak tepu boleh ditukar kepada lemak tepu melalui

A hydrogenation

penghidrogenan

B esterification pengesteran

C neutralization peneutralan

D fermentation penapaian

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15 Diagram 5 represents the structural formula of but -1- ene. Rajah 5 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi but-1-ena.

DIAGRAM 5

Which of the following is the structural formula and name for an isomer of but-1-ene? Manakah antara formula struktur dan nama berikut betul bagi satu isomer but-1-ena?

A

But-3-ene

B

2-methylprop – 1 – ene

C

2-methylprop – 2 - ene

D

2-methylprop – 2 – ene

16 Diagram 6 shows the chemical changes that occurs to compound G. Rajah 6 menunjukkan perubahan kimia yang berlaku ke atas sebatian G.

DIAGRAM 6

Which of the following is compound G? Manakah antara berikut adalah sebatian G?

A n- butane n-butana

B But - 1 – ene But-1-ena

C But - 2 – ene But-2-ena

D Butan - 2 - ol Butan-2-ol

G Acidified KMnO4

KMnO4 berasid

H OH OH H │ │ │ │ H - C - C - C - C - H │ │ │ │ H H H H

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17 Reaction between ferum(II) sulphate solution and bromine can be represented by the

following equation. Tindak balas antara ferum(II) sulfat dengan bromin boleh diwakili oleh persamaan berikut.

Which of the following is true about the reaction? Manakah antara berikut adalah benar tentang tindak balas tersebut?

A Fe2+ is reduced Fe2+ diturunkan

B Br2 is a reducing agent Br2 adalah agen penurunan

C Fe2+ is an oxidizing agent Fe2+ adalah agen pengoksidaan

D Br2 accepts electrons Br2 menerima elektron

18 Which of the following is an oxidation process? Manakah antara berikut adalah proses pengoksidaan? A Propene changes into propane Propena ditukar ke propana

B Lead(II) oxide loses its oxygen Plumbum(II) oksida kehilangan oksigen

C Magnesium atom forms magnesium ion. Atom magnesium membentuk ion magnesium.

D Chlorine molecule gains electrons. Molekul klorin menerima electron.

2 Fe2+ + Br2 → 2 Fe3+ + 2 Br-

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Energy Tenaga

19 Diagram 7 shows an energy level diagram for neutralisation process. Rajah 7 menunjukkan rajah aras tenaga bagi proses peneutralan.

DIAGRAM 7 Based on Diagram 7 , it can be concluded that Berdasarkan Rajah 7 dapat disimpulkan bahawa I the heat of neutralization is - 57 kJ mol-1 haba peneutralan adalah - 57 kJ mol-1

II 57 kJ of energy is needed for the reaction 57kJ tenaga diperlukan untuk tindak balas ini.

III the products of reaction contain less energy than the reactants tenaga hasil tindak balas kurang dari tenaga bahan tindak balas

IV temperature drops when reaction takes place. suhu menurun semasa tindak balas berlaku.

A I and III only B II and III only C I and IV only D II, III and IV only

20 Table 2 shows the types and functions of food additives. Jadual 2 menunjukkan jenis dan fungsi bahan tambah dalam makanan.

Type Jenis

Function Fungsi

I Preservative Pengawet

Prevents growth of microorganism in foods Menghalang pembiakan mikroorganisma dalam makanan

II Antioxidant Antioksida

Prevents oxidation of the oil by oxygen Menghalang pengoksidaan minyak oleh oksigen

III Flavouring Perisa

Enhances the flavour of foods Menambahkan rasa dalam makanan

IV Colouring Pewarna

Gives and restores certain colour in foods Memberi dan mengekalkan warna dalam makanan

TABLE 2 Which of the following are correctly matched?

Antara pasangan berikut manakah benar?

A I and III only B I, II and IV only C II, III and IV only D I, II, III and IV

NaOH + HCl

NaCl + H2O

Δ H = -57 kJ mol-1

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21 Substance T exists as a liquid at temperature of 120 o C. Which of the following is the probable melting point and boiling point of substance T? Bahan T wujud sebagai cecair pada suhu 120oC. Manakah antara berikut mungkin takat lebur dan takat didih bahan T? Melting point /o C

Takat lebur Boiling point /o C

Takat didih

A

B

C

D

2

-41

140

75

62

21

190

130

22 Table 3 shows the number of protons for elements V, W, X, Y and Z.

Jadual 3 menunjukkan bilangan proton bagi unsur-unsur V, W, X, Y dan Z.

Element Unsur V W X Y Z

Number of protons Bilangan proton 3 8 10 11 20

TABLE 3 Which of the following elements have the same number of valence electrons?

Manakah antara unsur-unsur berikut mempunyai elektron valens yang sama?

A V and Z

B W and X

C V and Y

D W and Z

23 Table 4 shows the proton number of elements P, Q, R and S.

Jadual 4 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi unsur P, Q, R dan S.

Element Unsur P Q R S

Proton number Nombor proton 11 13 16 19

TABLE 4 The sequence of the elements in the order of increasing atomic size is Susunan unsur-unsur mengikut pertambahan saiz atom ialah A S, R, Q, P

B R, Q, P, S

C P, Q, R, S

D S, P, Q, R

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24 Diagram 8 shows the apparatus set-up for the decomposition of calcium carbonate. Rajah 8 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi penguraian kalsium karbonat.

DIAGRAM 8 Which of the following equations represents the reaction that occurs in the test tube containing lime water? Manakah antara persamaan berikut mewakili tindak balas yang berlaku dalam tabung uji mengandungi air kapur?

A CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

B Ca + 2 H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2

C Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

D Ca2+ + 2 OH- → Ca(OH)2

25 Substance X has the following properties. Bahan X mempunyai sifat-sifat berikut.

Which of the following is substance X? Manakah antara berikut bahan X?

A Silicon dioxide Silikon dioksida

B Silver chloride Argentum klorida

C Mercury Merkuri

D Zinc Sulphate Zink sulfat

High melting point Takat lebur yang tinggi

Conducts electricity in the molten state Mengalirkan elektrik dalam keadaan leburan

Insoluble in water Tidak larut dalam air

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26 Element X reacts with carbon and sodium to form compounds as shown in Table 5. Unsur X bertindak balas dengan karbon dan natrium membentuk sebatian seperti yang ditunjukkan

dalam Jadual.5.

Reaction Tindak balas

Formula Formula

Element X and carbon Unsur X dan karbon CX4

Element X and sodium Unsur X dan natrium NaX

TABLE 5 Which of the following represents the electron arrangement for a compound formed between magnesium and element X?

Manakah antara berikut mewakili susunan elektron bagi sebatian yang terbentuk antara magnesium dan unsur X?

A

B

C

D

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27 Diagram 9 shows a chemical cell using a lead plate and a copper plate. Rajah 9 menunjukkan sel kimia menggunakan plat plumbum dan kuprum.

DIAGRAM 9 Which of the following is true for the chemical cell? Manakah antara berikut benar bagi sel kimia di atas? A The copper plate acts as the positive terminal. Plat kuprum bertindak sebagai terminal positif.

B The salt bridge acts as a medium for transferring of electrons. Titian garam bertindak sebagai perantaraan untuk pemindahan electron..

C The electrons flow from copper plate to the lead plate through external circuit. Elektron mengalir dari plat kuprum ke plat plumbum melalui litar luar..

D The concentration of the Cu 2+ ions in the copper(II) sulphate solution remains unchanged.

Kepekatan ion Cu2+ dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat tidak berubah. 28 Diagram 10 shows the steps taken to prepare a standard solution.

Rajah 10 menunjukkan langkah-langkah untuk menyediakan larutan piawai.

Step P Step Q Step R Step S

Langkah P Langkah Q Langkah R Langkah S

DIAGRAM 10 Arrange the steps in the correct order of preparing a standard solution. Susunkan langkah-langkah mengikut urutan yang betul. A S, Q, R and P

B S, R, P,and Q

C Q, P, R and S

D P, R, S and Q

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29 Diagram 11 shows the structure for two types of rubber. Rajah 11 menunjukkan struktur bagi dua jenis getah..

DIAGRAM 11

Based on Diagram 11, which of the following statements is true? Berdasarkan Rajah,11 manakah antara pernyataan berikut adalah benar? A Rubber X is more elastic than rubber Y.

Getah X lebih kenyal dari getah Y.

B Rubber X is harder than rubber Y. Getah X lebih keras dari getah Y.

C Rubber X is easily oxidised than rubber Y. Getah X lebih mudah teroksida dari getah Y.

D Rubber X has higher melting point than rubber Y. Getah X mempunyai takat lebur lebih tinggi dari getah Y.

30 In an experiment, 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide solution decomposes to produce oxygen gas. Graph of volume of oxygen gas against time is sketched and curve R is obtained as shown in Diagram 12.

Dalam satu eksperimen , 25 cm3 larutan hidrogen peroksida 0.2 mol dm-3 terurai membebaskan gas oksigen..Graf isipadu gas melawan masa diplotkan dan lengkung R diperolehi seperti ditunjukkan di Rajah 12.

DIAGRAM 12 Which of the following solution will produce curve S? Manakah antara larutan berikut menghasilkan lengkung S? A 20 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide

B 30 cm3 of 0.20 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide

C 20 cm3 of 0.30 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide

D 10 cm3 of 0.30 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide

Rubber Y Rubber X

R

S

Volume of oxygen /cm3

Isipadu oksigen

Time / s Masa

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Combustion

Process II

CO2 + H2O

CH3COOH

Pembakaran

Proses II

31 Diagram 13 shows the conversion of molecule A through two different processes. Rajah 13 menunjukkan penukaran molekul A melalui dua proses berlainan..

DIAGRAM 13 Which of the following is molecule A and process II Manakah antara berikut merupakan molekul A dan proses II ? Molecule A Process II Molekul A Proses II A Ethanol Esterification

Etanol Pengesteran

B Ethanol Oxidation Etanol Pengoksidaan

C Ethene Dehydration Etena Pendehidratan

D Ethanoic acid Esterification Asid etanoik Pengesteran

32 Diagram 14 shows the set-up of apparatus to study factors affecting corrosion of iron.

Rajah 14 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji faktor mempengaruhi kakisan besi.

DIAGRAM 14 In which of the following test tube will the iron nail rust? Manakah antara tabung uji berikut akan berlakunya pengaratan paku besi?

A X only X sahaja

B Y only Y sahaja

C X and Z only X dan Z sahaja

D Y and Z only Y dan Z sahaja

Molecule A Molekul A

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33 The following equation represents the preparation of detergent. Persamaan berikut mewakili penyediaan detergen.

What is the pH value for solution X? Apakah nilai pH bagi larutan X?

A 2 B 7 C 9 D 14

34 Diagram 15 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine heat of combustion of ethanol. Rajah 15 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan haba pembakaran etanol.

DIAGRAM 15

The heat of combustion of ethanol was found less than the theoretical value. What can be done to improve the experimental value? Haba pembakaran etanol didapati kurang dari nilai teori. Apa yang perlu dilakukan untuk memperbaiki nilai eksperimen tersebut? I Remove the wooden block Keluarkan blok kayu

II Use copper container to replace beaker Gunakan bekas kuprum menggantikan bikar

III Do not use wire gauze when heating Tidak menggunakan kasa dawai semasa pemanasan

IV Use greater volume of water Menggunakan isipadu air yang lebih besar A II and III only

B I, II and III only

C II, III and IV only

D I, II, III and IV

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35 Reaction between Fe2+ ions and MnO4- ions is represented by the following equation.

Tindak balas antara ion Fe2+ dan ion MnO4- diwakili oleh persamaan berikut:

5Fe2+ + MnO4

- + 8H+ 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4H2O Which of the following information could be obtained from the equation? Manakah antara maklumat berikut dapat diperoleh dari persamaan di atas? I The oxidation number of manganese changes from +7 into +2

Nombor pengoksidaan mangan berubah dari +7 ke +2

II The oxidation number of hydrogen changes from +1 into 0 Nombor pengoksidaan hidrogen berubah dari +1ke 0

III The green colour of Fe2+ ions solution turn to brown Larutan hijau ion Fe2+ bertukar kepada larutan perang

IV Electrons transfer from Fe2+ ions into MnO4- ions solution

Elektron berpindah dari ion Fe2+ kepada ion MnO4-

A I and III only

B II and IV only

C I, II and III only

D I, III and IV only 36 Table 6 shows the number of neutrons, protons and electrons of particles R and S. Jadual 6 menunjukkan bilangan neutron , proton dan elektron bagi zarah R dan S.

Particle Zarah

Number of neutrons

Bilangan neutron

Number of proton

Bilangan proton

Number of electrons

Bilangan elektron

R 12 11 11

S 12 12 10 TABLE 6

Which of the following is true about R and S? Manakah antara berikut benar tentang R dan S? A R and S are ions R dan S adalah ion

B R and S are isotopes R dan S adalah isotop

C R has one valence electron R mempunyai satu elektron valens

D S has gained two electrons S menerima dua elektron

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37 Metal M forms a chloride compound with the formula MCl3. Given the formula of

chromate (IV) ions is CrO42-, then the formula of M chromate is

Logam M membentuk sebatian klorida yang mempunyai formula MCl3. Diberi formula bagi ion kromat(IV) adalah CrO4

-2, maka formula bagi sebatian M kromat ialah A MCrO4

B M2CrO4

C M(CrO4)3

D M2(CrO4)3

38 The equation represents the displacement of copper from aqueous copper (II) sulphate

using metal Q. Persamaan berikut mewakili penyesaran kuprum daripada larutan kuprum(II) sulfat menggunakan

logam Q. Q + CuSO4 QSO4 + Cu

What is the volume of aqueous 1 mol dm-3 of copper (II) sulphate that reacts completely with 0.96 g of metal Q? [Relative atomic mass Q: 24] Apakah isipadu larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 1 mol dm-3 bertindak balas lengkap dengan 0.96 g logam Q? [Jisim atom relatif Q : 24] A 60 cm3

B 40 cm3

C 25 cm3

D 23 cm3 39 Ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 is a fertilizer.

What is the percentage of nitrogen in a molecule of the compound? (Relative atomic mass : H, 1; N, 14; O, 16 ; S, 32) Ammonium sulfat, (NH4)2SO4 adalah sejenis baja. Berapakah peratus nitrogen per molekul dalam sebatian? (jisim atom relatif : H, 1; N, 14; O, 16 ; S, 32)

A 23.7%

B 21.9 %

C 21.2 %

D 10.6 %

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40 Element X is placed on the right of element Y in the same Period of the Periodic

Table. If the proton number of Y is 12, then the electron arrangement of X is Unsur X berada di kanan unsur Y pada kala yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala.Unsur. Jika nombor proton Y adalah 12, maka susunan elektron bagi unsur X ialah

A 2.8.2

B 2.8.6

C 2.8.8.2

D 2.8.8.6 41 Table 7 shows the proton number of element X and Y.

Jadual7 menunjukkan nombor proton bagi unsur X dan Y.

Atom Proton number

X 12

Y 17 TABLE 7

Which of the following is true for compound formed between X and Y? Manakah antara berikut benar bagi sebatian yang terbentuk antara X dan Y? Bonding type Electrical conductivity Jenis ikatan Kokonduksiani elektrik A Ionic in aqueous and molten state Ionik dalam larutan berair dan leburan

B Covalent in aqueous and molten state Kovalen dalam larutan berair dan leburan

C Covalent in aqueous state only Kovalen dalam larutan berair sahaja

D Ionic in molten state only Ionik dalam leburan sahaja

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42 An experiment was carried out to determine the formula of a compound, M sulphate.

5 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 aqueous M nitrate is poured into 7 different test tubes. Different volumes of 0.1 mol dm-3 aqueous potassium sulphate, K2SO4 is added to each test tube. The height of white precipitate, M sulphate is recorded. Satu eksperimen dijalankan untuk menentukan formula suatu sebatian, M sulfat. 5 cm3 larutan M nitrat 0.2 mol dm-3 dimasukkan ke dalam 7 tabung uji berasingan. Isipadu larutan kalium sulfat, K2SO4, yang berlainan dimasukkan ke dalam setiap tabung uji. Tinggi mendakan putih, M sulfat direkodkan.

. . . . . . . . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 DIAGRAM 16

Diagram 16 shows the graph for height of precipitate against volume of 0.1 mol dm-3 potassium sulphate used. What is the formula for M sulphate?

Rajah 16 menunjukkan graf tinggi mendakan melawan isipadu larutan kalium sulfat 0.1 mol dm-3. Apakah formula bagi M sulfat? A MSO4

B M2SO4

C M2(SO4)3

D M3(SO4)2

1.1

2.2

3.3

4.4

5.5

height of precipitate/cm Tinggi mendakan

volume of K2SO4 /cm3

isipadu K2SO4

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43 A study of three metals M, N and O is carried out. It is found that metal M has the highest tendency to lose electron while metal O has the least tendency. It can be summarised as below:

Kajian tentang tiga logam M, N dan O dijalankan. Didapati logam M mempunyai kecenderungan untuk melepaskan elektron yang paling tinggi, manakala logam O paling rendah. Ia boleh disimpulkan seperti di bawah

M N O

Tendency to lose electron decreases Kecenderungan melepaskan elektron berkurang

Which of the following statements are true of the metals M, N and O? Manakah antara penyataan berikut benar tentang logam M, N dan O? I M displaces N from aqueous N nitrate M menyesarkan N dari larutan N nitrat

II M will corrode if placed in contact with O in aqueous M nitrate M terkakis jika bersentuhan dengan O dalam larutan M nitrat

III N is the positive terminal in a chemical cell using both N and O as electrodes N adalah terminal positif dalam sel kimia yang menggunakan N dan O sebagai elektrod.

IV The voltage for chemical cell using M and O is bigger than chemical cell using N and O.

Nilai voltan bagi sel kimia menggunakan M dan O adalah lebih tinggi dari sel kimia menggunakan N dan O

A I, II and III only

B I, II and IV only

C I, III and IV only

D II, III and IV only 44 Which of the following solutions reacts completely with 40 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3

sulphuric acid, H2SO4. Manakah antara larutan berikut bertindak balas lengkap dengan 40 cm3 asid sulfurik 1.0 mol dm-3?

I 40 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 NaOH

II 20 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 KOH

III 10 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 Ba(OH)2

IV 10 cm3 of 4.0 mol dm-3 Ba(OH)2 A I and II only

B I and III only

C II and IV only

D IV only

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45 When solution X is added gradually to sulphuric acid, the electric current decreases slowly and then increases as shown in Diagram 17.

Apabila larutan X dicampur sedikit demi sedikit ke dalam asid sulfurik, arus elektrik berkurang secara beransur-ansur dan kemudian meningkat seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 17.

Diagram 17

Which of the following is solution X? Manakah antara berikut larutan X? A Silver nitrate Argentum nitrat

B Ammonium hydroxide Ammonium hidroksida

C Zinc chloride Zink klorida

D Barium hydroxide Barium hidroksida

46 The following information shows the effect of a particular factor on the rate of

reaction. Maklumat berikut menunjukkan kesan suatu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas.

Which of the following can cause the above effect? Manakah antara berikut memberikan kesan seperti di atas?

A Increasing total surface area of reactants. Menambah jumlah luas permukaan bahan tindak balas

B Increasing the concentration of reactants. Menambah kepekatan bahan tindak balas

C Adding a catalyst. Menambah mangkin

D Increasing temperature of reactants Menaikkan suhu bahan tindak balas

• Particles have high kinetic energy [Zarah mempunyai tenaga kinetik yang tinggi]

• Numbers of particles with activation energy increases [Bilangan zarah yang mempunyai tenaga pengaktifan bertambah]

• Frequency of collision between particles increases [Frekuensi perlanggaran antara zarah bertambah]

• Frequency of effective collision increases [Frekuensi perlanggaran efektif bertambah]

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47 Excess calcium carbonate is added to 50 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Volume of carbon dioxide gas released is recorded and plotted against time taken. Diagram 18 shows the graph of volume of carbon dioxide against time for the reaction Kalsium karbonat berlebihan ditambah kepada 50 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 mol dm-3. Isipadu karbon dioksida dibebasksn dicatat dan diplot melawan masa. Rajah 18 menunjukkan graf isipadu karbon dioksida melawan masa untuk tindak balas tersebut.

DIAGRAM 18

Which of the following graph is possible if the experiment is repeated using 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid? Manakah antara graf berikut yang mungkin jika eksperimen diulang menggunakan 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3 ?

A

B

C

D

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48 Diagram 19 shows the set-up of apparatus used to study the transfer of electrons at a distance.

Rajah 19 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan untuk mengkaji pemindahan elektron pda suatu jarak.

DIAGRAM 19

After a few hours, there is no deflection of the galvanometer’s needle. This is because Selepas beberapa jam, tiada pesongan pada jarum galvanometer. Ini disebabkan

A both electrolytes are oxidising agent kedua elektrolit adalah agen pengoksidaan

B aqueous potassium nitrate is used as salt bridge larutan akueus kalium nitrat digunakan sebagai titian garam

C no supply of electric current tiada bekalan arus elektrik

D platinum electrode used elektrod platinum digunakan

49 The burning of 0.6 g of X causes the temperature of 100 cm3 water to increase by

12oC. What is the heat of combustion of X? [ relative molecular mass of X = 60; specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 J g-1 oC-1]

Pembakaran 0.6 gram bahan X menyebabkan suhu 100 cm3 air naik sebanyak 12oC. Apakah haba pembakaran bagi bahan X?

A 50.4 kJ mol-1

B 72.0 kJ mol-1

C 302.4 kJ mol-1

D 504.0 kJ mol-1

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50 When 100 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide is added to 100 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid, temperature rises by 7°C.

Which of the following mixtures will produce an increment of 14°C in temperature? Apabila 100 cm 3 natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 ditambah kepada 100 cm 3 asid hidrokorik 1.0 mol dm-3 suhu menaik sebanyak 7oC. Manakah antara campuran berikut akan menghasilkan kenaikan suhu sebanyak 14oC? A 50 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide 50 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of

hydrochloric acid 50 cm 3 natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 dan 50 cm 3 asid hidrokorik 1.0 mol dm-3

B 50 cm 3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide and 50 cm 3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid

50 cm 3 natrium hidroksida 2.0 mol dm-3 dan 50 cm 3 asid hidrokorik 2.0 mol dm-3

C 100 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide and 100 cm 3 of 4.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid


D 200 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide and 200 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid


END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT


CONFIDENTIAL 4541/2

4541/ 2 CONFIDENTIAL

1

Name : ……………………………………. Index Number: …......……………………. Class: ………………………………………

SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION 2007 MARA Junior Science College

CHEMISTRY

Paper 2

Two hours and thirty minutes DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION BOOKLET

UNTIL BEING TOLD TO DO SO

1. Write your name, index number and class in the space provided.

Tuliskan nama , angka giliran dan kelas anda pada ruang yang disediakan.

2. The question booklet is bilingual Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa.

3. Candidate is required to read the information

in page 2. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat di halaman 2 .

For Examiner’s Use

Section

Question Full Mark

Obtained Mark

1 9

2 10

3 9

4 11

5 11

A

6 10

7 20 B 8 20

9 20 C 10 20

TOTAL

This booklet contains 31 printed pages.

4541/2 Chemistry Paper 2 Sept 2007 2 ½ hour


CONFIDENTIAL 4541/2


2

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON

1. This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C. [Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.]

2. Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the

spaces provided in the question paper. [Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian A dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan].

3. Answer one question from Section B and one question from Section C. Write your

answers for Section B and Section C on the lined pages at the end of the question paper. Answer questions in Section B and Section C in detail. You may use equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answer. [Jawap satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan satu soalan daripada Bahagian C. Tuliskan jawapan bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C pada halaman bergaris di bahagian akhir kertas soalan ini. Jawab Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dengan terperinci. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, gambar rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda].

4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks. [Tunjukkan kerja mengira, ini membantu anda mendapatkan markah].

5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer. [Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu].

6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated. [Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukiskan mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan].

7. Marks allocated for each question or part question are shown in brackets. [ Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan].

8. The time suggested to complete Section A is 90 minutes, Section B is 30 minutes

and Section C is 30 minutes [Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B ialah 30 minit dan Bahagian C ialah 30 minit].

9. You may use a non – programmable scientific calculator.

[Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak boleh diprogramkan].

10. Hand in all your answer sheets at the end of the examination. [Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan].

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3

Section A Bahagian A

[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

The time suggested to answer this section is 90 minutes [Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab bahagian ini ialah 90 minit.]

1 Diagram 1 shows the electronic arrangement of atoms of six elements. P, Q, R, S, T and U do not represent the actual symbol of the elements. Use the letters to answer the following questions. [Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan elektron atom-atom bagi enam unsur. P, Q, R, S, T, dan U tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur-unsur berkenaan. Gunakan huruf-huruf yang diberikan untuk menjawab soalan-soalan berikut.]

DIAGRAM 1

[RAJAH 1]

(a) Determine and fill the position of P and T in the Periodic Table of Elements given below. [Tentukan dan isikan kedudukan P dan T dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur di bawah]

Q R S U

[2 marks]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

1(a)

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4

(b) State one element which: [Nyatakan satu unsur yang merupakan]:

(i) is a metal: .......................................................................................................... [suatu logam]

[1 mark]

(ii) forms an ion with +2 charge: ........................................................................... [membentuk ion bercas +2]

[1 mark] (iii) is used in advertising light: ............................................................................... [digunakan dalam lampu iklan]

[1 mark ] (c) Name the products formed when S reacts with water. [Namakan hasil-hasil yang terbentuk apabila S bertindak balas dengan air.] ........................................................................................................................................

[2 marks] (d) State one usage of U in water treatment plant. [Nyatakan satu kegunaan U dalam loji rawatan air.] ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark] (e) The atomic radius of T is smaller than S. Explain why. [Jejari atom T lebih kecil dari S. Terangkan mengapa.] ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

1(b)(i)

1(b)(ii)

1(b)(iii)

1(c)

1(d)

1(e)

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5

2 Diagram 2 shows the electrolysis of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution which is still in progress. [Rajah 2 menunjukkan elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida 1.0 mol dm-3 yang sedang dijalankan]

DIAGRAM 2

[RAJAH 2] (a) Write the formulae of all ions present in the electrolyte.

[Tuliskan formula semua ion yang wujud dalam elektrolit]

........................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(b) Name the gas produced at: [Namakan gas yang terhasil di]:

(i) burette X : ...................................................................................................... [buret X] (ii) burette Y : ...................................................................................................... [buret Y] [2 marks]

(c) State how you would verify the gas named at b(i).

[Nyatakan bagaimana anda mengesahkah gas yang dinamakan di b(i)]

........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

[3 marks] (d) (i) Write the half-equation for the process that occurs in burette X.

[Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi proses yang berlaku di buret X.] ............................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

2(b)

2(a)

2(c)

2(d)(i)

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6

(ii) At the end of the experiment, 30.00 cm3 of gas was collected at room

temperature in burette X. Calculate the number of moles of gas collected in burette X.

[1 mol of gas occupies a volume of 24.0 dm3 at room temperature] [Di akhir eksperimen, 30.00 cm3 gas dikumpulkan pada suhu bilik dalam buret X. Hitungkan bilangan mol gas yang dikumpulkan dalam buret X] [1 mol gas menempati 24.0 dm3 pada suhu bilik]

[1 mark]

(e) Name a substance that can be used to replace carbon electrodes for the experiment to get the same result?

[Namakan satu bahan yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan elektrod karbon bagi eksperimen menghasilkan keputusan yang sama.]

........................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(f) State one usage of the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution in industry.

[Nyatakan satu kegunaan elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida dalam industri.]

........................................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

2(d)(ii)

2(e)

2(f)

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3 (a) Diagram 3 shows a series of tests performed on a colourless solution which contains one cation and two anions..

[Rajah 3. menunjukkan satu siri ujian yang dijalankan ke atas larutan tanpa warna yang mengandungi satu kation dan dua anion.]

DIAGRAM 3

[RAJAH 3]

(i) Based on the observations in Diagram 3, complete the table below with appropriate inferences. [Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Rajah 3, lengkapkan jadual di bawah dengan inferens yang sesuai]

Test [ujian] Inference [inferens]

1

2

3

[3 marks]

(ii) Write an ionic equation for the reaction in Test 3. [Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas dalam Ujian 3]

...........................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

+ HNO3(aq) , AgNO3 (aq)

Colourless solution [Larutan tanpa warna]

+ NaOH (aq), then heated (+ NaOH (ak), dan dipanaskan)

Vapour produced turns damp red litmus paper to blue

[Wap terhasil menukarkan kertas litmus merah lembab kepada biru]

Test 1 (Ujian 1)

White precipitate formed. [Mendakan putih terbentuk]

Brown ring formed [Cincin perang terbentuk]

Test 2 (Ujian 2)

Test 3 (Ujian 3)

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

3(a)(i)

3(a)(ii)

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8

(b) A student wants to prepare a pure sample of crystalline zinc sulphate by reacting dilute sulphuric acid with substance X. [Seorang pelajar ingin menyediakan suatu sampel tulen hablur zink sulfat melalui tindak balas antara asid sulfurik dengan bahan X]

(i) Name the substance X. [Namakan bahan X]

............................................................................................................................ [1 mark]

(ii) Write an equation for the above reaction. [Tuliskan satu persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di atas]

............................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(iii) Calculate the maximum mass of zinc sulphate that can be prepared if 50.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid is reacted with excess X. [The relative formula mass of zinc sulphate = 161] [Hitungkan jisim maksima zink sulfat yang dapat disediakan jika 50.0 cm3 larutan asid sulfurik 0.2 mol dm-3 ditindak balaskan dengan X berlebihan] [Jisim formula relatif zink sulfat = 161 ]

[3 marks]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

3(b)(i)

3(b)(ii)

3(b)(iii)

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9

4 An experiment is carried out to study the effect of concentration on rate of reaction. 50.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid and excess granulated calcium carbonate is put into a conical flask and is placed on an electronic balance as shown in Diagram 4.

The mass of the conical flask and its contents is recorded at 60 seconds intervals. [Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan ke atas kadar tindak balas. 50.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3 dan ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dimasukkan ke

dalam kelalang kun diletakkan di atas neraca elektronik seperti dalam Rajah 4. Jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya direkodkan pada sela masa 60 saat].

DIAGRAM 4 RAJAH 4

Table 4 shows the results. [Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan]

Time/sec. [Masa/saat] 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480

Balance readings /g [Bacaan neraca/g] 140.64 140.48 140.37 140.31 140.26 140.22 140.20 140.20 140.20

TABLE 4 [JADUAL 4]

(a) Give the definition of rate of reaction. [Berikan maksud kadar tindak balas] ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark] (b) Explain why the mass of the conical flask and its content decreases with time. [Terangkan mengapa jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya berkurang dengan masa] ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(c) Based on Table 4, plot a graph of the mass of the conical flask and its content versus time on the graph paper below.

[Berdasarkan Jadual 4, plotkan graf jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya melawan masa pada kertas graf di bawah].

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

4(a)

4(b)

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10

[3 marks] 4(c)

Graph of mass of the conical flask and its content versus time Graf jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya melawan masa

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(d) Based on the graph, calculate the instantaneous rate of reaction at 120 seconds. [Berdasarkan graf, hitungkan kadar tindak balas pada saat ke 120]

[3 marks]

(e) (i) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas produced. [Hitungkan jisim gas karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan]

[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate the expected volume of gas produced at room condition. [1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room condition; relative molecular mass of CO2 is 44 ] [Hitungkan isipadu gas yang dijangka akan terhasil pada keadaan bilik.

1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3 pada suhu bilik ; jisim molekul relatif CO2 ialah 44]

[2 marks]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

4(d)

4(e)(i)

4(e)(ii)

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5 Diagram 5 shows a series of chemical reactions starting from compound Y.

[Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas kimia bermula daripada sebatian Y]

DIAGRAM 5 RAJAH 5

(a) Name compound Y [Namakan sebatian Y] ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark] (b) Draw a diagram to show the set-up of apparatus if Process I is to be carried out in a

laboratory. [Lukiskan satu rajah untuk menunjukkan susunan radas jika Proses I dilakukan dalam makmal]

[2 marks]

CH3CH2COOH Compound R

[Sebatian R]

Compound P [Sebatian P]

C3H6

CH3CH2CH2OH Compound Y

[Sebatian Y]

Process I (Proses I)

Process III (Proses III)

Process II (Proses II)

+ solution of bromine in CCl4 [+ larutan bromin dalam CCl4]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

5(a)

5(b)

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13

(c) Draw and name the structural formula of compound P [Lukis dan namakan formula struktur sebatian P]

[2 marks]

(d) Describe how Process III could be done in a laboratory. [Perihalkan bagaimana Proses III dapat dijalankan dalam makmal]

........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................

[3 marks] (e) Compound Y reacts with glacial ethanoic acid to form a sweet smelling liquid.

[Sebatian Y bertindak balas dengan asid etanoik glacial membentuk larutan berbau manis] (i) Name the process that occured.

[Namakan proses yang berlaku] …………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark] (ii) Write a chemical equation for the above reaction. [Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk tindak balas di atas]

............................................................................................................................ [2 marks]

Name of compound P : ............................................................................... (Namakan sebatian P)

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

5(c)

5(d)

5(e)(i)

5(e)(ii)

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6 In an experiment to study the heat of neutralization, 25.0 cm3 of a 1.0 mol dm-3

sodium hydroxide solution was added to 25.0 cm3 of a 1.0 mol dm-3 aqueous hydrochloric acid. The mixture was then stirred and the maximum temperature was recorded. Diagram 6 shows the set up of the apparatus used in the experiment. [Dalam satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji haba peneutralan, 25.0 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0 mol dm-3 telah ditambahkan ke dalam 25.0 cm3 larutan akueus asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3. Campuran dikacau, dan suhu maksima direkodkan. Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini]

DIAGRAM 6 RAJAH 6

The following data was obtained. [Data berikut diperoleh]

(a) What is meant by heat of neutralization? [Apakah yang dimaksudkan haba peneutralan?] ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark] (b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium

hydroxide. [Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dan natrium hidroksida] ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

Initial temperature of sodium hydroxide solution = 28.5oC (Suhu awal larutan natrium hidroksida)

Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid solution = 28.5oC (Suhu awal larutan asid hidroklorik)

Maximum temperature of the mixture = 34.5oC (Suhu maksima campuran)

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

6(a)

6(b)

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(c) Based on the data obtained from the experiment, calculate [Berdasarkan data yang diperolehi daripada eksperimen, hitung]

(i) the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used [ bilangan mol asid hidroklorik yang digunakan]

[1 mark]

(ii) the amount of heat released [kuantiti haba yang dibebaskan]

[1 mark]

(iii) the heat of neutralization

[haba peneutralan]

[1 mark]

6(c)(i)

6(c)(ii)

6(c)(iii)

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

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16

(d) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction. [Lukiskan gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas]

[2 marks] (e) (i) The heat of neutralization obtained from the experiment is less than the

theoretical value. Give a reason. [Haba peneutralan yang diperoleh dari eksperimen kurang dari nilai teori. Berikan sebab] ............................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Suggest one step that should be taken to modify the apparatus in order to get a more accurate result. [Cadangkan satu langkah pengubahsuaian yang boleh dibuat ke atas radas untuk mendapat keputusan yang lebih tepat]

............................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................

[1 mark] (f) The experiment is repeated by doubling the volume of both hydrochloric acid and

sodium hydroxide. Assuming the initial temperature is maintained, what would be the maximum temperature of the mixture? [Eksperimen diulang dengan menggandakan isipadu kedua-dua asid hidroklorik dan natrium hidroksida. Dengan anggapan bahawa suhu awal tindak balas adalah sama, apakah suhu maksima campuran yang dijangkakan?]

........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

For Examiner’s

Use [Untuk

Kegunaan Pemeriksa]

6(d)

6(e)(i)

6(e)(ii)

6(f)

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Section B [Bahagian B] [20 marks]

Answer any one question. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan.

7 (a) Table 7.1 shows information on the atomic structure and the relative atomic mass

of three elements: aluminium, carbon and oxygen. [Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan maklumat mengenai struktur atom dan jisim atom relatif bagi tiga

unsur:, aluminium, karbon dan oksigen]

Element [Unsur]

Number of proton [bilangan proton]

Number of neutron [Bilangan neutron]

Relative atomic mass [Jisim atom relatif]

Carbon (Karbon) 6 6 12

Oxygen (Oksigen) 8 8 16

Aluminium (Aluminium) 13 14 27

TABLE 7.1 [JADUAL 7.1]

(i) Based on Table 7.1, state the relationship between the relative atomic

mass of an element with the number of proton and neutron of its atom. [Berdasarkan Jadual 7.1, nyatakan perkaitan antara jisim atom relatif dengan bilangan proton dan bilangan neutron yang dipunyai oleh suatu atom]

[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the electronic arrangement diagram for an ion of oxygen. [ Lukiskan rajah susunan electron bagi suatu ion yang terbentuk dari unsur oksigen]

[2 marks]

(iii) Aluminium and carbon react with oxygen to form aluminium oxide and carbon dioxide respectively. The reactions are represented by the following equations. [Aluminium dan karbon bertindak balas dengan oksigen membentuk aluminium oksida dan karbon dioksida.Tindak balas ditunjukkan dalam persamaan di bawah ]

I. 4 Al + 3O2 → 2 Al2O3

II. C + O2 → CO2

Describe how chemical bonds in aluminium oxide and carbon dioxide are formed. [Perihalkan bagaimana ikatan-ikatan kimia dalam aluminium oksida dan karbon dioksida dibentuk]

[8 marks]

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(b) Naphthalene and sodium chloride are white crystals at room temperature. Table 7.2 shows two physical properties of the compounds. [Naftalena dan natrium klorida adalah hablur berwarna putih pada suhu bilik. Jadual 7.2 menunjukkan dua sifat fizik bagi kedua-dua sebatian]

Compound

(Sebatian) Melting point / 0C

(Takat lebur) Electrical conductivity

(Kekonduksian elektrik)

Naphthalene (Naftalena) 80 Non electrolyte

(Bukan elektrolit)

Sodium chloride (Natrium klorida) 801

Electrolyte (Elektrolit)

TABLE 7.2 JADUAL 7.2

Explain the differences in the melting points and the electrical conductivity of naphthalene and sodium chloride. Your answer should be based on the [Terangkan perbezaan takat lebur dan kekonduksian elektrik bagi naftalena dan natrium klorida. Jawapan anda hendaklah berdasarkan kepada]

• types of particles present in both compounds

[ jenis zarah yang hadir dalam kedua-dua sebatian] • types of bonds and

[jenis ikatan] • forces of attraction

[daya tarikan antara zarah] [5 marks]

(c) Diagram 7 shows the symbol of two atoms of oxygen.

[Rajah 7 menunjukkan simbol bagi dua atom oksigen]

DIAGRAM 7 RAJAH 7

Compare and contrast the two atoms of oxygen. [Banding dan bezakan kedua-dua atom oksigen ini]

[4 marks]

O18

8 O16

8

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8 (a) Table 8 shows the pH of two solutions. [Jadual 8 menunjukkan pH bagi dua larutan]

Solution pH 0.1 mol dm-3 of potassium hydroxide solution (Larutan kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3 ) 13

0.1 mol dm-3 of aqueous ammonia (Larutan ammonia 0.1 mol dm-3) 11

TABLE 8 [JADUAL 8]

Explain why the two solutions have different pH. [Terangkan mengapa kedua-dua larutan mempunyai nilai pH yang berbeza.].

[4 marks]

(b) An unlabeled reagent bottle is said to contain sulphuric acid solution. Describe how you would confirm the solution. [Satu botol reagen yang tidak berlabel dikatakan mengandungi larutan asid sulfurik. Perihalkan bagaimana anda mengesahkan larutan itu]

[4 marks] (c) The structural formula of ethanoic acid is shown in Diagram 8.

[Formula struktur bagi asid etanoik ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8]

DIAGRAM 8

[RAJAH 8]

(i) Explain why ethanoic acid is a monoprotic acid. [ Terangkan mengapa asid etanoik adalah asid monobes]

[2 marks] (ii) Glacial ethanoic acid does not conduct electricity but the aqueous solution

of ethanoic acid does. Explain why. [Asid etanoik glasial tidak mengkonduksikan elektrik tetapi larutan akueus asid etanoik mengkonduksikan elektrik. Terangkan mengapa]

[3 marks] (iii) When zinc powder is added into an aqueous ethanoic acid, bubbles of

colourless gas are evolved. Write a chemical equation for the reaction. [Bila serbuk zink ditambahkan ke dalam larutan akueus asid etanoik, gelembung-gelembung gas tidak berwarna dibebaskan. Tuliskan persaman kimia bagi tindak balas ini]

[2 marks]

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(d) The equation below shows the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium. [Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dan magnesium]

Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

50.0 cm3 of hydrochloric acid solution reacts with excess magnesium to produce 48 cm3 of hydrogen gas. Calculate the concentration of the hydrochloric acid used. [Molar volume of gas = 24.0 dm3 mol-1] [Satu larutan 50.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik bertindak balas dengan magnesium yang berlebihan

menghasilkan 48 cm3 gas hydrogen. Hitungkan kepekatan asid hidroklorik]

[3 marks]

(e) Emission of gaseous pollutant from vehicles and industries leads to the formation of acid rain. Explain the effect of acid rain to the structure of buildings. [Pelepasan gas-gas pencemar dari kenderaan dan industri boleh menghasilkan hujan asid. Terangkan kesan hujan asid terhadap struktur bangunan.]

[2 marks]

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Section C ( Bahagian C) [20 marks]

Answer any one question. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan.

9 (a) The following equations represent two chemical reactions, [Berikut adalah persamaan-persamaan bagi dua tindak balas kimia.]

I. AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3 (aq) II. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

Based on the equations, determine whether the reaction is a redox reaction. Explain your answer. [Berdasarkan kepada persamaan kimia ini tentukan sama ada setiap tindak balas adalah

tindak balas redoks atau bukan. Terangkan jawapan anda ]

[4 marks]

(b) Diagram 9 shows a cross section of two iron bars, P and Q which are plated by zinc and tin layers respectively.

[Rajah 9 menunjukkan keratan rentas bagi dua batang besi, P dan Q yang masing-masing disadur dengan lapisan zink dan stanum]

DIAGRAM 9 RAJAH 9

Explain how zinc and tin layers in P and Q protect the iron bars from corrosion. Determine which iron bar is more protected from corrosion. [Terangkan bagaimana lapisan-lapisan zink dan stanum dalam P dan Q melindungi besi dari kakisan. Tentukan batang besi yang manakah lebih dilindungi dari kakisan]

[ 6 marks]

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(c) Fe2+ ion can be oxidized to Fe3+ ion while Fe3+ ion can be reduced to Fe2+ ion

as shown in the following half-equations. [Ion Fe2+ boleh dioksidakan kepada ion Fe3+ manakala ion Fe3+ boleh diturunkan kepada ion Fe2+ seperti ditunjukkan dalam setengah persamaan berikut.

Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e

Fe3+ + e → Fe2+

Design an experiment to show how these two changes can be carried out. Your answer should consist of the following: [Reka bentuk satu eksperimen bagi menunjukkan bagaimana dua perubahan ini dapat dijalankan. Jawapan anda harus mengandungi perkara berikut]:

Chemicals required

[Bahan kimia yang diperlukan]

Procedure of the experiment [Prosedur eksperimen]

Observation [Pemerhatian]

Overall chemical equation involved in the reaction [Persamaan tindak balas keseluruhan]

[10 marks]

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10 Sodium stearate and sodium dodecyl sulphate are cleaning agents. Their molecular formulae are shown in Diagram 10.1.

[Natrium stearat dan natrium dodekil sulfat adalah agen pembersihan. Formula molekul mereka ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 10.1].

DIAGRAM 10.1 RAJAH 10.1 (a) (i) Sodium stearate dissolves in water to form ions. Write an equation to show

the ionization of sodium stearate. [Natrium stearat larut dalam air membentuk ion. Tuliskan persamaan untuk

menunjukkan pengionan natrium stearat] [1 mark]

(ii) Determine which of the two cleaning agents is more effective in their

cleansing action in hard water. Give reasons. [Tentukan agen pembersihan yang mana satukah lebih berkesan dalam tindakan pencucian

dalam air liat. Berikan alasan] [4 marks]

(iii) Fat reacts with an alkali to form soap. Describe an experiment to prepare a sample of soap. Your answer should

include: [Lemak bertindak balas dengan alkali membentuk sabun. Perihalkan satu eksperimen untuk menyediakan satu sampel sabun. Jawapan anda harus mengandungi]

• Chemicals used [Bahan kimia yang diperlukan]

• Procedure [Prosedur]

• A test to verify the soap sample that you have prepared has a cleansing effect. [Satu ujian untuk mengesahkan sampel sabun yang anda sediakan mempunyai kesan pembersihan]

[8 marks]

Sodium stearate : CH3(CH2)16COONa (Natrium stearat) Sodium dodecyl sulphate : CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na (Natrium dodekil sulfat)

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(b) Diagram 10.2 shows the arrangement of atoms of two substances, X and Y in solid state. [Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan susunan atom-atom dalam dua bahan X dan Y pada keadaan pepejal]

X Y

DIAGRAM 10.2 RAJAH 10.2

Based on Diagram 10.2, differentiate the arrangement of atoms and the properties of substance X and Y. [Berdasarkan Rrajah 10.2, bezakan susunan atom dan sifat-sifat bagi bahan X dan Y]

[7 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

Tin atom [Atom stanum]

Copper atom [Atom kuprum]


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Name : …….……………………………………...…….… Index number : …………….. Class : ………………….. CONFIDENTIAL Chemistry Paper 3 September 2007 1½ jam

SPM TRIAL EXAMINATION 2007 MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA

CHEMISTRY Paper 3

One hour and thirty minutes

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION BOOKLET UNTIL BEING TOLD TO DO SO

1. Write your name, index number and class

in the space provided. 2. This question booklet is bilingual. 3. The question is in English followed by the

Malay version. 4. Candidate is required to read the

instruction on page 2.

For Examiner’s Use

Question Full Mark

Obtained Mark

1 33

2 17

Total 50

This question booklet contains 13 printed pages. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES CONFIDENTIAL 4541/3 © 2007 Hak Cipta MARA


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INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES [MAKLUMAT UNTUK CALON] 1. This question paper consists of two questions. Answer all questions.

[Kertas soalan ini mengandungi dua soalan. Jawab semua soalan] 2. Write your answers for Question 1 in the spaces provided in the question paper.

[Tuliskan jawapan bagi Soalan 1 dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas soalan] 3. Write your answers for Question 2 on the lined pages at the end of the question

paper in detail. [Tuliskan jawapan bagi Soalan 2 pada halaman bergaris di bahagian akhir kertas soalan ini dengan terperinci]

4. Show your working, it may help you to get marks.

[Tunjukkan cara mengira kerana ia boleh membantu anda mendapatkan markah] 5. If you wish to cancel any answer, neatly cross out the answer.

[Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan, buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.]

6. The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.

[Rajah yang terdapat dalam soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan sebaliknya.]

7. Marks allocated for each question or part of the question are shown in brackets.

[Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.]

8. The time suggested to complete Question 1 is 45 minutes and Question 2 is 45

minutes. [Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Soalan 1 ialah 45 minit dan Soalan 2 ialah 45 minit.]

9. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

[Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yang tidak diprogramkan.] 10. Hand in all your answer sheets at the end of the examination.

[Serahkan semua kertas jawapan anda di akhir peperiksaan.]

Marks awarded [Pemberian markah] Score [Skor] Description [Penerangan]

3 Excellent : The best response [Cemerlang] : [Respons yang paling baik]

2 Satisfactory : An average response [Memuaskan] : [Respons yang sederhana]

1 Weak : An inaccurate response [Lemah] : [Respons yang kurang tepat]

0 No response or wrong response [Tiada respons atau respons yang salah]

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1 An experiment is carried out to determine the end point of a neutralisation process.

50.00 cm3 of aqueous potassium hydroxide 0.1 mol dm-3 is titrated against hydrochloric acid with an unknown concentration using phenolphthalein as an indicator.

The titration is repeated twice. Diagram 1.1 shows the results of the experiment.

[Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan takat akhir bagi proses peneutralan. 50.00 cm3 larutan kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm-3 dititratkan dengan asid hidroklorik yang kepekatannya tidak diketahui dengan menggunakan penunjuk fenolftalein.

Pentitratan diulang sebanyak dua kali. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen.]

Titration Set [Set Titratan]

1 2 3

Initial Burette Reading

[Bacaan Awal Buret]

………………cm3

………………cm3 ………………cm3

Final Burette Reading

[Bacaan akhir buret]

………………cm3 ………………cm3 ………………cm3

DIAGRAM 1.1 [RAJAH 1.1]

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(a) State two observations that you could obtain during the experiment. [Nyatakan dua pemerhatian yang boleh diperoleh semasa eksperimen] 1. …………………………………………………………………………. 2. ………………………………………………………………………….

[3 marks] (b) Record the burette readings in the spaces provided in Diagram 1.1. [Catatkan bacaan buret pada ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 1.1]

[3 marks]

(c) Construct a table and record the initial burette readings, final burette readings and

volume of hydrochloric acid needed for each titration set. [Bina sebuah jadual dan rekodkan bacaan awal buret, bacaan akhir buret dan isipadu asid hidrokorik

yang diperlukan bagi setiap set pentitratan]

[3 marks]

1(a)

1(b)

1(c)

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(d) (i) What is the average volume of hydrochloric acid used in the experiment?

[Berapakah purata isipadu asid hidroklorik yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini?]

(ii) The chemical equation for the reaction is : [Persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini ialah:]

Determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid used. [Tentukan kepekatan asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.]

[3 marks]

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1(d)

KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O

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(e) The experiment is repeated using sulphuric acid to replace hydrochloric acid.

It was found that the volume of sulphuric acid required is half the volume of hydrochloric acid used. State the inference of this observation. [Eksperimen ini diulang dengan menggunakan asid sulfurik untuk menggantikan asid hidroklorik. Didapati isipadu asid sulfurik yang diperlukan adalah separuh daripada isipadu asid hidroklorik yang digunakan.

Nyatakan inferens bagi pemerhatian ini] ……………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………..

[3 marks]

(f) Potassium chloride which is produced in this experiment is an example of a soluble

salt. Classify the following substances into soluble and insoluble salt. [Garam yang terhasil dalam eksperimen ini ialah kalium klorida, sejenis garam terlarutkan. Kelaskan

bahan – bahan berikut kepada garam terlarutkan dan garam tak terlarutkan.]

[3 marks]

1(f)

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1(e)

Substances [Bahan – bahan]

Sodium sulphate Lead(II) iodide Barium sulphate [Natrium sulfat] [Plumbum(II) iodide] [Barium sulfat] Magnesium nitrate Zinc carbonate Silver chloride [Magnesium nitrat] [Zink karbonat] [Argentum klorida]

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(g) Diagram 1.2 shows three test tubes containing potassium hydroxide solution with

different concentrations and pH values. [Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan tiga tabung uji yang mengandungi larutan kalium hidroksida pada kepekatan

dan nilai pH yang berbeza.]

Test tube [Tabung uji] 1 2 3

Concentration [Kepekatan]

pH value [Nilai pH] 13 12 11

DIAGRAM 1.2 [RAJAH 1.2]

Based on Diagram 1.2, [Berdasarkan Rajah 1.2,] (i) Give the operational definition for the pH value of an alkali. [Berikan definisi secara operasi bagi nilai pH untuk suatu alkali]

……………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………. [3 marks]

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0.1 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide [kalium hidroksida]

0.01mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide [kalium hidroksida]

0.001 mol dm-3 potassium hydroxide [kalium hidroksida]

1(g)(i)

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(ii) Predict the pH value if the concentration of potassium hydroxide solution is

0.0001 mol dm-3. [Ramalkan nilai pH bagi larutan kalium hidroksida yang berkepekatan 0.0001 mol dm-3.]

………………………………………………………………………………............

……………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]

(iii) As the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution changes, the pH value

also changes. Explain why. [Apabila kepekatan larutan kalium hidroksida berubah, didapati nilai pH juga berubah. Terangkan mengapa.]

………………………………………………………………………………............

……………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]

(iv) State the variable involved in this experiment.

[Nyatakan pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.]

Manipulated variable: ………………………………………………………………. [Pembolehubah yang dimanipulasikan] Responding variable: ………………………………………………………………. [Pembolehubah yang bergerakbalas] Controlled variable: ………………………………………………………………... [Pembolehubah yang dimalarkan]

[3 marks]

(v) State the hypothesis for this experiment. [Nyatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.]

………………………………………………………………………………............

……………………………………………………………………………………… [3 marks]

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1(g)(ii)

1(g)(iii)

1(g)(iv)

1(g)(v)

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2 Equal volume of water is heated in two different kettles by a scout during camping. Kettle 1 is heated by using alcohol X while kettle 2 is heated by using alcohol Y as shown in Diagram 2. The size and type of both kettles are the same. [Semasa perkhemahan, seorang pengakap telah memanaskan air yang mempunyai isipadu yang sama dalam dua cerek berlainan Cerek 1 dipanaskan dengan alkohol X manakala cerek 2 dipanaskan dengan alkohol Y seperti ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2. Saiz dan jenis kedua –dua cerek adalah sama.]

DIAGRAM 2 RAJAH 2 It was discovered that the mass of alcohol X needed to boil the water is more compared to alcohol Y. [Didapati jisim alkohol X yang diperlukan untuk mendidihkan air lebih besar berbanding alkohol Y.]

Plan a laboratory experiment to compare the heat of combustion between alcohol X and Y based on the above situation. [Berdasarkan kepada situasi di atas, rancangkan satu eksperimen makmal untuk membandingkan haba pembakaran antara alkohol X dan Y.]

Your planning should include the following aspects: [Perancangan anda haruslah mengandungi aspek berikut :]

(a) Problem statement [Pernyataan masalah] (b) All the variables [Semua pembolehubah] (c) Statement of hypothesis [Pernyataan hipotesis] (d) List of substances and apparatus [Senarai bahan dan alat radas] (e) Procedure of the experiment [Prosedur eksperimen] (f ) Tabulation of data [Penjadualan data]

[17 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

[KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT]

Kettle 1 [Cerek 1]

Kettle 2 [Cerek 2]


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JAWAPAN K1 MRSM 07

1 C 26 C

2 B 27 A

3 D 28 A

4 A 29 C

5 C 30 D

6 B 31 B

7 A 32 A

8 C 33

9 B 34 A

10 C 35 D

11 D 36 C

12 A 37 D

13 B 38 B

14 A 39 C

15 C 40 B

16 C 41 A

17 D 42

18 C 43 B

19 A 44 D

20 D 45 D

21 D 46 D

22 C 47 C

23 B 48 A

24 A 49 D

25 B 50 B



CONFIDENTIAL 1 4541/2

P Q R

S T U

Jawapan ini disediakan oleh Cikgu Adura

For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

1 Diagram 1 shows the electronic arrangement of atoms of six elements. P, Q, R, S, T and U do not represent the actual symbol of the elements.

Use the letters to answer the following questions. [Rajah 1 menunjukkan susunan elektron atom-atom bagi enam unsur.

P, Q, R, S, T, dan U tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur-unsur berkenaan.

Gunakan huruf-huruf yang diberikan untuk menjawab soalan-soalan berikut.]

DIAGRAM 1 [RAJAH 1]

(a) Determine and fill the position of P and T in the Periodic Table of Elements given

below. [Tentukan dan isikan kedudukan P dan T dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur di bawah]

1(a)

[2 marks]



For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

1(b)(i)

(b) State one element which: [Nyatakan satu unsur yang merupakan]:

(i) is a metal: .....S // T [suatu logam]

1(b)(ii)

[1 mark]

(ii) forms an ion with +2 charge: ...T...................................

[membentuk ion bercas +2]

1(b)(iii)

[1 mark]

(iii) is used in advertising light: ....R..........................................

[digunakan dalam lampu iklan]

[1 mark ]

1(c)

1(d)

1(e)

(c) Name the products formed when S reacts with water. [Namakan hasil-hasil yang terbentuk apabila S bertindak balas dengan air.]

S hydroxide and hydrogen gas..

[2 marks]

(d) State one usage of U in water treatment plant.

[Nyatakan satu kegunaan U dalam loji rawatan air.]

to kill bacteria / micro organism

[1 mark]

(e) The atomic radius of T is smaller than S. Explain why.

[Jejari atom T lebih kecil dari S. Terangkan mengapa.]

T atom have more proton in nucleus, then have strong attractive force between the

nucleus to valence electron. Then the size of T atom is smaller

[1 mark]



(ii) burette Y : .....Chlorine

[buret Y] [2 marks]

2 Diagram 2 shows the electrolysis of 1.0 mol dm-3

sodium chloride solution which is

still in progress. [Rajah 2 menunjukkan elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida 1.0 mol dm

-3 yang sedang dijalankan]

DIAGRAM 2 [RAJAH 2]

(a) Write the formulae of all ions present in the electrolyte.

[Tuliskan formula semua ion yang wujud dalam elektrolit]

Na+, Cl-, H+, OH-

[1 mark]

For Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

2(a)

(b) Name the gas produced at: [Namakan gas yang terhasil di]:

(i) burette X : ......hydrogen

[buret X]

2(b)

(c) State how you would verify the gas named at b(i). [Nyatakan bagaimana anda mengesahkah gas yang dinamakan di b(i)]

Collect the gas into test tube, place the light-up splinter near the mouth of test tube, pop sound produce.

[3 marks]

2(c)

(d) (i) Write the half-equation for the process that occurs in burette X. [Tuliskan setengah persamaan bagi proses yang berlaku di buret X.]

2H+ + 2e H2

[1 mark]

2(d)(i)



For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

(ii) At the end of the experiment, 30.00 cm3

of gas was collected at room

temperature in burette X.

Calculate the number of moles of gas collected in burette X.

[1 mol of gas occupies a volume of 24.0 dm3

at room temperature]

[Di akhir eksperimen, 30.00 cm3

gas dikumpulkan pada suhu bilik dalam buret X.

Hitungkan bilangan mol gas yang dikumpulkan dalam buret X]

[1 mol gas menempati 24.0 dm3 pada suhu bilik]

No of mole hydrogen gas

= V / V molar [30.00/1000 ] / 24

= 0.00125 mole

2(d)(ii)

[1 mark]

2(e)

2(f)

(e) Name a substance that can be used to replace carbon electrodes for the experiment to get the same result?

[Namakan satu bahan yang boleh digunakan untuk menggantikan elektrod karbon bagi eksperimen

menghasilkan keputusan yang sama.]

platinum rode

[1 mark]

(f) State one usage of the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution in industry.

[Nyatakan satu kegunaan elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida dalam industri.]

Production of chlorine gas / sodium hydroxide / sodium hypocholorus ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]



Test [ujian] Inference [inferens]

1 ammonium ion, NH4

+ presence in the solution

2 Nitrate, NO3

- ion presence in the solution

3 Chloride ion presence in the solution

3 (a) Diagram 3 shows a series of tests performed on a colourless solution which

contains one cation and two anions.. [Rajah 3. menunjukkan satu siri ujian yang dijalankan ke atas larutan tanpa warna yang

mengandungi satu kation dan dua anion.]

Colourless solution [Larutan tanpa warna]

For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

Test 1 (Ujian 1)

+ NaOH (aq), then heated

(+ NaOH (ak), dan dipanaskan)

Vapour produced turns damp

red litmus paper to blue -

alkali [Wap terhasil menukarkan kertas

litmus merah lembab kepada biru]

Test 2 (Ujian 2)

Test 3 (Ujian 3)

+ HNO3(aq) , AgNO3 (aq)

White precipitate formed.

[Mendakan putih terbentuk]

AgCl

Brown ring formed

– NO3 [Cincin perang terbentuk]

DIAGRAM 3

[RAJAH 3]

(i) Based on the observations in Diagram 3, complete the table below with

appropriate inferences. [Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Rajah 3, lengkapkan jadual di bawah dengan inferens

yang sesuai]

3(a)(i)

[3 marks]

(ii) Write an ionic equation for the reaction in Test 3. [Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas dalam Ujian 3]

Ag+ + Cl- AgCl

[1 mark]

3(a)(ii)



For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

3(b)(i)

3(b)(ii)

3(b)(iii)

(b) A student wants to prepare a pure sample of crystalline zinc sulphate by reacting

dilute sulphuric acid with substance X. [Seorang pelajar ingin menyediakan suatu sampel tulen hablur zink sulfat melalui tindak balas

antara asid sulfurik dengan bahan X]

(i) Name the substance X. [Namakan bahan X]

Zinc metal // Zinc oxide // Zinc Carbonate

[1 mark]

(ii) Write an equation for the above reaction.

[Tuliskan satu persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di atas]

Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 // ZnO + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2O //

ZnCO3 + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2O + CO2

[1 mark]

(iii) Calculate the maximum mass of zinc sulphate that can be prepared if 50.0

cm3

of 0.2 mol dm-3

sulphuric acid is reacted with excess X.

[The relative formula mass of zinc sulphate = 161] [Hitungkan jisim maksima zink sulfat yang dapat disediakan jika 50.0 cm

3 larutan asid

sulfurik 0.2 mol dm-3

ditindak balaskan dengan X berlebihan]

[Jisim formula relatif zink sulfat = 161 ] Mole of acid = MV/1000 = [0.2 x 50.0 ]/1000 = 0.01 mole

1 mole Acid 1 mole ZnSO4

0.01 mole 0.01 mole ZnSO4

mass Zinc = mole X molar mass = 0.01 X 161 = 1.61 g

[3 marks]



For

Examiner’s 4 An experiment is carried out to study the effect of concentration on rate of reaction.

50.0 cm3

of 0.5 mol dm-3

hydrochloric acid and excess granulated calcium carbonate

is put into a conical flask and is placed on an electronic balance as shown in

Diagram 4.

The mass of the conical flask and its contents is recorded at 60 seconds intervals. [Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan ke atas kadar tindak balas.

50.0 cm3

asid hidroklorik 0.5 mol dm-3

dan ketulan kalsium karbonat berlebihan dimasukkan ke

dalam kelalang kun diletakkan di atas neraca elektronik seperti dalam Rajah 4. Jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya direkodkan pada sela masa 60 saat].

DIAGRAM 4 RAJAH 4

Table 4 shows the results. [Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan]

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

Time/sec. [Masa/saat]

0

60

120

180

240

300

360

420

480

Balance readings /g [Bacaan neraca/g]

140.64

140.48

140.37

140.31

140.26

140.22

140.20

140.20

140.20

TABLE 4 [JADUAL 4]

(a) Give the definition of rate of reaction. [Berikan maksud kadar tindak balas]

The total of CuCO3 used to react with H2SO4 per time taken [1 mark]

(b) Explain why the mass of the conical flask and its content decreases with time.

[Terangkan mengapa jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya berkurang dengan masa]

*** Because the CuCO3 reacted with acid to produce product # rate of reaction is the speedat which reactants are convertedinto products/ the change of volume per unit time// the change in the amount [reactant/ product] per unit time [1 mark]

(c) Based on Table 4, plot a graph of the mass of the conical flask and its content versus

time on the graph paper below. [Berdasarkan Jadual 4, plotkan graf jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya melawan masa pada

kertas graf di bawah].

4(a)

4(b)



Graph of mass of the conical flask and its content versus time Graf jisim kelalang kun dan kandungannya melawan masa

[3 marks] 4(c)



Graf jisim berkurangan

For

Examiner’s

(d) Based on the graph, calculate the instantaneous rate of reaction at 120 seconds. [Berdasarkan graf, hitungkan kadar tindak balas pada saat ke 120]

Make tangent at graph )[1]

calculate the gradient [2]

answer [3] – 0.0014 + 0.0005 gs-1

[3 marks]

(e) (i) Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide gas produced. [Hitungkan jisim gas karbon dioksida yang dihasilkan]

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaa

n

Pemeriks

a]

4(d) 2HCl + CuCO3 CO2 + CuCl2 + H2O

Mole HCl = MV/1000 = 0.5 x 50 /1000 = 0.025 mole

2 mole HCl 1 mole CO2

0.025 mole HCl 0.0125 mole CO2

Mass CO2 = 0.0125 x [12 +16x2] = 0.0125 x 44 = 0.55 g

4(e)(i)

[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate the expected volume of gas produced at room condition.

[1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3

at room condition; relative molecular mass of

CO2 is 44 ] [Hitungkan isipadu gas yang dijangka akan terhasil pada keadaan bilik.

1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3

pada suhu bilik ; jisim molekul relatif CO2 ialah 44]

Form (i) mole CO2 is 0.050 mole

Then = mole x molar volume = 0.050 x 24 = 1.2 dm3

[2 marks]

4(e)(ii)



For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

5 Diagram 5 shows a series of chemical reactions starting from compound Y. [Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas kimia bermula daripada sebatian Y]

Process I CH3CH2CH2OH Compound Y

[Sebatian Y]

Process III (Proses III)

(Proses I)

Process II (Proses II)

C3H6

+ solution of bromine in CCl4

[+ larutan bromin dalam CCl4]

CH3CH2COOH Compound R

[Sebatian R]

Compound P [Sebatian P]

DIAGRAM 5

RAJAH 5

5(a)

5(b)

(a) Name compound Y [Namakan sebatian Y]

Propanol // propan-1-ol ........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(b) Draw a diagram to show the set-up of apparatus if Process I is to be carried out in a

laboratory. [Lukiskan satu rajah untuk menunjukkan susunan radas jika Proses I dilakukan dalam makmal]

Rajah utk alkohol jd alkena

[2 marks]



For

Examiner’s

(c) Draw and name the structural formula of compound P [Lukis dan namakan formula struktur sebatian P]

H H H

H -C – C – C –H

Br Br H

Name of compound P : ..1,2 – dibromopentana (Namakan sebatian P)

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

5(c)

(d) Describe how Process III could be done in a laboratory.

[Perihalkan bagaimana Proses III dapat dijalankan dalam makmal]ol to cooh

[2 marks]

5 cm3 of potassium dichromate (VI) solution // acidified potassium Mangante (VII) solution is poured into a boiling tube. 5 drops of concentrated sulphuric acid are added into the boiling tube 2 cm3 of propanol is then added to the mixture. The boiling tube is heated gently over a small flame until boiling.

[3

marks]

(e) Compound Y reacts with glacial ethanoic acid to form a sweet smelling liquid.

[Sebatian Y bertindak balas dengan asid etanoik glacial membentuk larutan berbau manis]

(i) Name the process that occured.

[Namakan proses yang berlaku]

…esterification

5(d)

5(e)(i)

(ii) Write a chemical equation for the above reaction.

[Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk tindak balas di atas]

[1 mark]

5(e)(ii)

CH3CH2CH2OH + CH3COOH CH3CO OCH3CH2CH3 + H2O

C3H8O + C2H4O2 C5H10O2 + H2O

[2 marks]



For Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

6 In an experiment to study the heat of neutralization, 25.0 cm3

of a 1.0 mol dm-3

sodium hydroxide solution was added to 25.0 cm3

of a 1.0 mol dm-3

aqueous

hydrochloric acid. The mixture was then stirred and the maximum temperature was

recorded.

Diagram 6 shows the set up of the apparatus used in the experiment. [Dalam satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji haba peneutralan, 25.0 cm3 larutan natrium hidroksida 1.0

mol dm-3

telah ditambahkan ke dalam 25.0 cm3

larutan akueus asid hidroklorik 1.0 mol dm-3

.

Campuran dikacau, dan suhu maksima direkodkan.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini]

DIAGRAM 6 RAJAH 6

The following data was obtained. [Data berikut diperoleh]

Initial temperature of sodium hydroxide solution = 28.5

oC

(Suhu awal larutan natrium hidroksida)

Initial temperature of hydrochloric acid solution = 28.5oC

(Suhu awal larutan asid hidroklorik)

Maximum temperature of the mixture = 34.5oC

(Suhu maksima campuran)

6(a)

6(b)

(a) What is meant by heat of neutralization? [Apakah yang dimaksudkan haba peneutralan?]

Heat release when 1 mole water produce from reaction acid with alkali // heat release when 1 mole H+ react with 1 mole OH- to form 1 mole water

........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium

hydroxide. [Tulis persamaan ion bagi tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dan natrium hidroksida]

H+ + OH- H2O

[1 mark]



For

(c) Based on the data obtained from the experiment, calculate [Berdasarkan data yang diperolehi daripada eksperimen, hitung]

(i) the number of moles of hydrochloric acid used [ bilangan mol asid hidroklorik yang digunakan]

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

Mole HCl = MV/1000 = 1.0 X 25 / 1000 = 0.025 mol

[1 mark]

6(c)(i)

(ii) the amount of heat released [kuantiti haba yang dibebaskan]

The temperature = 34.5 – 28.5 = 6 C

6.0 C – dr pengiraan

By exp

H = mcO = [25 + 25] x 4.2 x 6 = 1260 J 6(c)(ii)

[1 mark] (iii) the heat of neutralization

[haba peneutralan] 0.025 mole produce 1.260 k J

Then 1 mole 1.260 /0.025 = - 50.4 kJ/mol

DONT FORGET TO PUT NEGATIVE

[1 mark]

6(c)(iii)



For

Examiner’s

Use

[Untuk

Kegunaan

Pemeriksa]

(d) Draw the energy level diagram for the reaction. [Lukiskan gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas]

Energy

H+ + OH-

H = - 54 kJ/mol

H2O

6(d)

[2 marks]

(e) (i) The heat of neutralization obtained from the experiment is less than the

theoretical value. Give a reason. [Haba peneutralan yang diperoleh dari eksperimen kurang dari nilai teori. Berikan sebab]

6(e)(i)

6(e)(ii)

6(f)

heat release to sorounding / heat absord by polystrene cup [1 mark]

(ii) Suggest one step that should be taken to modify the apparatus in order to get

a more accurate result. [Cadangkan satu langkah pengubahsuaian yang boleh dibuat ke atas radas untuk mendapat

keputusan yang lebih tepat]

insult (tebat) the polystrene cup // close the windows or fan //

[1 mark]

(f) The experiment is repeated by doubling the volume of both hydrochloric acid and

sodium hydroxide.

Assuming the initial temperature is maintained, what would be the maximum

temperature of the mixture? [Eksperimen diulang dengan menggandakan isipadu kedua-dua asid hidroklorik dan natrium

hidroksida.

Dengan anggapan bahawa suhu awal tindak balas adalah sama, apakah suhu maksima campuran

yang dijangkakan?]

34.5 C // Same [ bcoz volume not mpengaruhi the reaction]

[1 mark]



I. 4 Al + 3O2

II. C + O2

Section B

[Bahagian B]

[20

marks]

Answer any one question.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan.

7 (a) Table 7.1 shows information on the atomic structure and the relative atomic mass of three elements: aluminium, carbon and oxygen. [Jadual 7.1 menunjukkan maklumat mengenai struktur atom dan jisim atom relatif bagi tiga

unsur:, aluminium, karbon dan oksigen]

Element [Unsur]

Number of proton [bilangan proton]

Number of neutron [Bilangan neutron]

Relative atomic mass [Jisim atom relatif]

Carbon (Karbon)

6

6

12

Oxygen (Oksigen)

8

8

16

Aluminium (Aluminium)

13

14

27

TABLE 7.1

[JADUAL 7.1]

(i) Based on Table 7.1, state the relationship between the relative atomic

mass of an element with the number of proton and neutron of its atom. [Berdasarkan Jadual 7.1, nyatakan perkaitan antara jisim atom relatif dengan bilangan

proton dan bilangan neutron yang dipunyai oleh suatu atom]

[1 mark]

The higher / Increase the number of proton and neutron of atom, the relative atomic mass is

bigger

(ii) Draw the electronic arrangement diagram for an ion of oxygen. [ Lukiskan rajah susunan electron bagi suatu ion yang terbentuk dari unsur oksigen]

[2 marks]

[ ]2-

(iii) Aluminium and carbon react with oxygen to form aluminium oxide and

carbon dioxide respectively. The reactions are represented by the

following equations. [Aluminium dan karbon bertindak balas dengan oksigen membentuk aluminium oksida

dan karbon dioksida.Tindak balas ditunjukkan dalam persamaan di bawah ]

2 Al2O3

CO2

Describe how chemical bonds in aluminium oxide and carbon dioxide are

formed. [Perihalkan bagaimana ikatan-ikatan kimia dalam aluminium oksida dan karbon

dioksida dibentuk]

[8 marks]



Aluminium oxide

1. the bond form is ionic

2. aluminium atom have 3 valence electrons and donate 3 eletrons to achieve octet and

form positive ion, Al3+ // Al Al3+ + 3e

3. Oxygen atom have 6 valence electrons and receive 2 electrons to achieve octet and

form negative ion, O2- //O2 + 4e 2O2-

4. 4 aluminium atom will donate 12 electrons and 3 molecule oxygen will receive 12

electrons.

5. aluminium/ positive ion will attract the oxygen / negative ion will electrostatic force to

form ionic compound Al2O3 // diagaram

6. the bond is covalent

7. carbon atom have 4 valence electrons and need 4 more electron to achieve octet

8. oxygen atom have 6 valence electrons and need 2 more electrons to achieve octet

9. 1 carbon atom will contribute 4 electron and 1 molecule / 2 atom oxygen will

contribute 4 electrons to achieve octet and form CO2 // diagram

(b) Naphthalene and sodium chloride are white crystals at room temperature. Table

7.2 shows two physical properties of the compounds. [Naftalena dan natrium klorida adalah hablur berwarna putih pada suhu bilik. Jadual 7.2

menunjukkan dua sifat fizik bagi kedua-dua sebatian]

Compound

(Sebatian) Melting point /

0C

(Takat lebur) Electrical conductivity

(Kekonduksian elektrik)

Naphthalene (Naftalena)

80 Non electrolyte (Bukan elektrolit)

Sodium chloride (Natrium klorida)

801 Electrolyte (Elektrolit)

TABLE 7.2 JADUAL 7.2

Explain the differences in the melting points and the electrical conductivity of

naphthalene and sodium chloride.

Your answer should be based on the [Terangkan perbezaan takat lebur dan kekonduksian elektrik bagi naftalena dan natrium

klorida. Jawapan anda hendaklah berdasarkan kepada]

types of particles present in both compounds [ jenis zarah yang hadir dalam kedua-dua sebatian]

types of bonds and [jenis ikatan]

forces of attraction [daya tarikan antara zarah]

Sodum chloride contains ion sodium and ion chloride in the ionic

compound. And have stronger electrostatic force between ions. Also

have strong force of attratcion between ions in compounds.

Napthalene contains molecule, combine with them with covalent

bonds and have weak force of attraction between them.

[5 marks]



(c) Diagram 7 shows the symbol of two atoms of oxygen. [Rajah 7 menunjukkan simbol bagi dua atom oksigen]

16 18

8 O 8 O

DIAGRAM 7 RAJAH 7

Compare and contrast the two atoms of oxygen. [Banding dan bezakan kedua-dua atom oksigen ini]

[4 marks]

similar

same no of proton

same no of electron

same chemical properties

different

different neutron no // different nucleon nu

different physical properties



8 (a) Table 8 shows the pH of two solutions.

[Jadual 8 menunjukkan pH bagi dua larutan]

Solution pH

0.1 mol dm-3

of potassium hydroxide solution (Larutan kalium hidroksida 0.1 mol dm

-3 )

13

0.1 mol dm-3

of aqueous ammonia (Larutan ammonia 0.1 mol dm

-3)

11

TABLE 8 [JADUAL 8]

Explain why the two solutions have different pH. [Terangkan mengapa kedua-dua larutan mempunyai nilai pH yang berbeza.].

[4 marks]

KOH, have higher pH. Bcoz strong alkali, ionize completely in water to

produce higher concentration of hydroxide ion.

NH3(aq), have low pH. Bcoz weak alkali. Ionize partially in water to produce

low concentration of hydroxide ion. (b) An unlabeled reagent bottle is said to contain sulphuric acid solution.

Describe how you would confirm the solution.

[Satu botol reagen yang tidak berlabel dikatakan mengandungi larutan asid sulfurik. Perihalkan

bagaimana anda mengesahkan larutan itu] [4 marks]

For acid, H+ , react with metal – produce hydrogen gas // metal carbonate – produce

carbon dioside

For sulfate, prepare 1 test tube. Add 2 cm3 uncomfirm H2SO4. Then add 2 cm of

BaCl2. White prepcipitate will formed to comfird the sulphate.

(c) The structural formula of ethanoic acid is shown in Diagram 8. [Formula struktur bagi asid etanoik ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8]

DIAGRAM 8

[RAJAH 8]

(i) Explain why ethanoic acid is a monoprotic acid. [ Terangkan mengapa asid etanoik adalah asid monobes]

[2 marks]

Ethanoic acid is monoprotic because when ionize in water, just release 1 hydrogen ion and when

react with base, 1 mole base //same volume with acid.



(ii) Glacial ethanoic acid does not conduct electricity but the aqueous solution of ethanoic acid does. Explain why. [Asid etanoik glasial tidak mengkonduksikan elektrik tetapi larutan akueus asid

etanoik mengkonduksikan elektrik. Terangkan mengapa]

[3 marks]

Glacial – acid exist as molecule. No ion exist.

Solution – acid ionize partially in water to produce low concentration hydrogen ion. Ion is

exist and free to move.

(iii) When zinc powder is added into an aqueous ethanoic acid, bubbles of

colourless gas are evolved.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction. [Bila serbuk zink ditambahkan ke dalam larutan akueus asid etanoik, gelembung-

gelembung gas tidak berwarna dibebaskan.

Tuliskan persaman kimia bagi tindak balas ini]

[2 marks]

Zn + 2CH3COOH (CH3COO)2Zn + H2



(d) The equation below shows the reaction between hydrochloric acid and

magnesium. [Persamaan di bawah menunjukkan tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik dan magnesium]

Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

50.0 cm3

of hydrochloric acid solution reacts with excess magnesium to produce

48 cm3

of hydrogen gas.

Calculate the concentration of the hydrochloric acid used.

[Molar volume of gas = 24.0 dm3 mol

-1]

[Satu larutan 50.0 cm3

asid hidroklorik bertindak balas dengan magnesium yang berlebihan

menghasilkan 48 cm3

gas hydrogen.

Hitungkan kepekatan asid hidroklorik]

[3 marks]

Mole hydrgen gas = v / v at rc = 48/1000 / 24 = 0.002 mole

From equation : 1 mole hydrogen release when 2 mole HCl used

Calculate : 0.002 mole hydrogen release when 0.004 mole HCl used

Concentration HCl = mole x 1000 / V = 0.004 X 1000 /50 = 0.08 mol dm-3

(e) Emission of gaseous pollutant from vehicles and industries leads to the

formation of acid rain.

Explain the effect of acid rain to the structure of buildings. [Pelepasan gas-gas pencemar dari kenderaan dan industri boleh menghasilkan hujan asid.

Terangkan kesan hujan asid terhadap struktur bangunan.]

Acid rain will be neutralize by calcium carbonate, the materials builts building. Then the

building will corrodes (terkakis) and maybe destroy (runtuh).

[2 marks]



Section C ( Bahagian C)

[20

marks]

Answer any one question.

Jawab mana-mana satu soalan.

9 (a) The following equations represent two chemical reactions, [Berikut adalah persamaan-persamaan bagi dua tindak balas kimia.]

I. AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3 (aq)

II. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

Based on the equations, determine whether the reaction is a redox reaction.

Explain your answer. [Berdasarkan kepada persamaan kimia ini tentukan sama ada setiap tindak balas adalah

tindak balas redoks atau bukan.

Terangkan jawapan anda ]

[4 marks]

I – show calculation .not redox reaction. No changing oxidation number.

II – show calculation. redox reaction. Zn and Cu ion have changing oxidation number.

Zn – 0 to +2 and Cu - +2 to 0

(b) Diagram 9 shows a cross section of two iron bars, P and Q which are plated by

zinc and tin layers respectively. [Rajah 9 menunjukkan keratan rentas bagi dua batang besi, P dan Q yang masing-masing disadur

dengan lapisan zink dan stanum]

DIAGRAM 9 RAJAH 9

Explain how zinc and tin layers in P and Q protect the iron bars from corrosion.

Determine which iron bar is more protected from corrosion. [Terangkan bagaimana lapisan-lapisan zink dan stanum dalam P dan Q melindungi besi dari

kakisan.

Tentukan batang besi yang manakah lebih dilindungi dari kakisan]

[ 6 marks]


kimia mrsm spm 2007

Education