Fact File/Bahrain

FACT FILE

KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN

Fact File/Bahrain

Introduction

Bahrain is the first country to discover petroleum in 1932.Bahrain announced its independence in

December 1971 after Britain’s decision to withdraw its forces. Bahrain has a diversified

economy with many multinational firms. A large part of Bahrain's economy depends on oil and

petroleum production however. Other industries in Bahrain include aluminum smelting, iron

pelletization, fertilizer production, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing and

tourism.

Geography

Bahrain is located at the east of Saudi Arabia in the Middle East region. The total land area is

760 sqkm whereas the length of its coastline is 161Km.Bahrain is an archipelago of 40 islands in

the Arabian Gulf midway between the Qatar peninsula and Saudi Arabia. Bahrain Island is a

pear-shaped land mass 48 km. long and 16 km. wide. Bahrain is connected to Saudi Arabia by

23-km causeway, which opened in November 1986

The capital city is Manama. It is divided into five governorates.

Government:

Fact File/Bahrain

Head of State: King Hamad bin Essa Al-Khalifa

Head of Government: Shaikh Khalifa bin Salman Al-Khalifa

Crown Prince and Commander-in-chief of the Bahrain Defense Force: Shaikh Salman bin

Hamad Al-Khalifa.

National Assembly is based on Shura Council and the Council of Representatives .Bahrain

appreciates interest and involvement of the citizens in the decision making process. In 1930

Shura Council was established which was the first milestone towards democracy. The Shura

Council has played a significant role in creating a functioning democratic government. The

Shura Council is composed of 40 members appointed by Royal order for the term of four years.

The Council of Representatives is working efficiently with Shura Council to strengthen

democracy.

Population:

As on the 27th of April 2010, the population of the Kingdom of Bahrain was, 1,234,571, of

whom 568,399 were Bahrainis and 666,172 were non-Bahrainis.

Head of State

Head of Government

Shura Council

Council of Representatives

Crown Prince C.I.C

Bahrain Defence Forces

Fact File/Bahrain

The proportion of the non Bahraini population has increased to about 16% since year 2001 as

reaching from 38% to 54% in 2010.The average annual growth rate of the total population is

7.38%,for Bahrainis it is 3.82 and 11.7% for non-Bahrainis.

Age Composition:

Age Composition Bahrainis Non-Bahrainis

0-15 31.8% 10%

15-64 64% 89.6%

65 above 4.1% 0.4%

The working age group that makes the largest force among the total age groups of Bahrainis and

non-Bahrainis has increased since 2001. As non-Bahrainis make up a huge chunk of population

the working age group of non-Bahrainis is 89.6%.

Population by nationality groups

Oceanian Americans European African Asian Other

Arabs

GCC

Nationals

Bahraini

1295 4623 11763 19548 562,040 58,213 8,690 568,399

46%

54%

0%

Demography

Bahraini Non-Bahraini

Fact File/Bahrain

Population statistics in terms of sex

Sex Bahraini Non-Bahraini

Male 287,239 481,175

Female 281,160 184,997

0% 0% 1% 2%

45%

5%

1%

46%

Population by nationality groups

Oceanian

Americans

Europeans

Africans

Asian

Other Arabs

GCC nationals

Bahraini

23%

39%

23%

15%

Population Indicators in terms of Sex

Bahraini males

Non-Bahraini males

Bahraini females

Non-Bahraini females

Fact File/Bahrain

Defence:

Since the very beginning Bahrain has maintained a small, active and well trained military force.

The Military well known as Bahrain Defence force consists of Royal Bahraini Army, Royal

Bahraini Air force and Royal Bahraini Naval force and the Royal Guard. Bahrain’s defence

spending has been steady since 2000 showing the massive increase in expenditure in the year

2011 after the country went through series of demonstrations against the government. The

military spending during the year 2011 has been US$873.

Military Expenditures US $ (m)

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

356 370 366 364 199 582 518 573 575 711 747 873

Military expenditures as percentage of GDP

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

4.7 4.8 4 5.6 4.4 3.5 3.1 3 2.76 3.4 3.3 3.3

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Fact File/Bahrain

Arms imports of Bahrain (value of deliveries in US$ Millions)

Bahrain has imported arms equipments from Britain valued of more than one million in the

months after the demonstrations in the year 2011. They included licenses for gun silencers,

weapons sights, rifles, artillery and components for military training aircraft.

86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

91 418 126 97 328 79 122 86 106 72 132 90 101 70

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Series 1

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Total active military manpower 2012

1990 1993 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

6,000 7,150 11,000 10,700 11,200 11,200 11,200 8,200 8,200 8,200 8,200 8,200 8,200

Active Military manpower in 2012 =8,200

Army: 6000

Airforce: 1500

Navy : 700

Main battle tanks:180

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Series 1

Fact File/Bahrain Wing combat aircraft:39

Special forces 1 bn

Manoeuvre

Armored 1 armd bde(–) (1 recce bn, 2 armd bn)

Mechanized 1 inf bde (2 mech bn, 1 mot bn)

Light

1 (Amiri) gd bn

Operational Armored fighting Vehicles

MRAP’S :55

ALFY/RECCE/LTTNK:55

APCS: 320

Air defence:

Combat Aircraft:38

Armed helicopters:28

F-16’S: 21

F-5E/F 12

Navy

Naval Ships:78

Warships:7

Total Operational Self-Propelled Multiple Rocket Launchers:157

Fact File/Bahrain

Economy:

Bahrain is the well established financial hub in the gulf region. It has maintained to survive and

grow while diverting away from oil economy. According to statistics of Central Bank of Bahrain

Bahrain’s GDP during the year 2012 is US$ 21,871.62.Bahrain’s GDP economy has been

growing four to five percent per year between 2005 and 2010.In year 2011 showed 1.5% decline

due to civil and political unrest.

The period of 2005-2010 showed growth in the volume of service exports by 40% while the non-

oil exports trebeled. According to Global Competitiveness report produced by World Economic

Forum Bahrain was ranked as the 37th

most competitive country in the world.

The year 2011 showed the 5% growth in Banking Sector,7% growth in Industrial Sector,2%

growth in service centre from the previous year. While Hotel & Tourism and Investment sector

suffered negative growth. Having been the first to discover oil in 1932, Bahrain’s economy is

now well diversified and one of the acknowledged banking, financial services, and human

resources development and training centres of the Gulf.

40%

1% 23%

24%

12%

Corporate Sector 2011

Banking Hotel and Tourism Industrial Sector

Investment Sector Services sector

Fact File/Bahrain The Industrial sectors include Aluminium, crafts centre, food and pharmaceutical ,garment sector

petrochemical and plastics and other small and medium industries.

GDP GROWTH:

0.00%

0.50%

1.00%

1.50%

2.00%

2.50%

3.00%

3.50%

4.00%

4.50%

2009 2010 2011 2012*

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Total Exports US$ 15.13 billion (2010 estimate)

Export commodities Petroleum, petroleum products, aluminum

Total Imports US$ 15.64 billion (2008 estimate)

Import Commodities Crude oil, machinery, chemicals

Export major partners Saudi Arabia ,US, UAE

Import major partners Saudi Arabia, Japan, US, Germany, UK, UAE,

China

Bahrain 2030 Vision:

Bahrain has successfully broadened the horizons if it’s economic sector over the past years.

Bahrain has embarked for the 2030 Vision – the vision to become global contenders. The main

focus of this plan is to develop the number and the quality of jobs for young Bahrainis. Moreover

the country is looking towards strengthening the economy that is independent of oil by

encouraging investment in selected sectors such as tourism, business services, manufacturing and

logistics and developing the quality of export market.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS:

0%

29%

16%

55%

GDP composition by sector

Agriculture Industry Services

Fact File/Bahrain Bahrain-Pakistan relations:

Pakistan's Exports to Bahrain in year 2011 were of US$ 85.392millions while the Bahrain’s

exports to Pakistan were of US$320.55 millions. Pakistan’s major exports to Bahrain comprise

of traditional products including rice, cotton yarn, woven cotton fabrics, fish, fruits and

vegetables, carpets, rugs and sports goods etc.

Pakistan’s export to Bahrain

00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11

43.818 43.121 42.063 38.031 42.425 45.385 53.687 76.776 76.292 64.933 85.392

Some 35 Pakistani companies set up their stalls in the 17th Annual Autumn Fair, held in Bahrain

in January, 2006. They displayed textiles goods, readymade garments, furniture, leather garments

and silver items. Bahrain business delegations have regularly attended the annual EXPO-

Pakistan since 2005, in Karachi.

43.818 43.121 42.063 38.031

42.425 45.385

53.687

76.776 76.292

64.933

85.392

0 0 0 0

0 0

0

0 0

0

0

0 0 0 0

0 0

0

0 0

0

0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

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Commodity Description 2009 2010 2011

Cereals 36.41 37.10 31.25

Cotton 16.68 21.98 26.26

Meat and edible meat offal 2.57 11.86 13.41

Edible fruit, nuts, melons 1.36 1.39 3.33

Edible vegetables 0.94 1.59 2.04

Bahrain’s export to Pakistan:

00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11

75.897 58.799 37.478 74.374 58.622 53.944 171.321 91.222 88.179 262.779 320.554

Fact File/Bahrain

Commodity

Description

2009 2010 2011

Ores, slag and ash 6.78 - 26.79

Organic Chemicals - - 22.68

Aluminium Articles 14.08 5.50 8.00

Iron and steel 1.05 5.38 4.89

Plastics and articles 0.18 1.08 1.80

The Pakistani community in Bahrain totals around 65,000 who have contributed significantly

towards development in the both public and private sectors. Pakistanis are employed in various

sectors while the majority is employed in BDF and Public security Service. The Pakistani

community is the second largest expatriate community after the Indians in Bahrain.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Fact File/Bahrain Two Pakistani Schools, affiliated with Higher Secondary Education Boards in Pakistan, with a

combined enrolment and pr of nearly 4,500 students, serve the basic educational needs of the

Pakistani community.

Defence Cooperation:

Since the very beginning Forces of Pakistan and Bahrain have strong strategic ties. The

collaboration started in 1970 when Bahrain imported substantial POF products. Bahraini officers

are getting training in the Command and Staff College and Naval Courses. A Protocol

Agreement on deputation of Pakistan Armed Forces personnel was signed in November 1997.

Pak-Bahrain Joint ventures

Al- Baraka Islamic Bank, B.S.C. (E.C.), Lahore

Gulf Air, Karachi

Al-Faysal Investment Bank Ltd., Islamabad

Al-Meezan Investment Bank Ltd., Karachi

Cherat Cement Company Ltd., Karachi

Engro Chemical (Pakistan) Ltd., Karachi

FFC-Jordan Fertilizer Company Ltd., Rawalpindi

Faysal Bank Ltd., Karachi

Fecto Cement Ltd., Karachi