kingdoms and domains
DESCRIPTION
Kingdoms and Domains. The three-domain system. Bacteria. Archaea. Eukarya. The six-kingdom system. Bacteria. Archaea. Protista. Plantae. Fungi. Animalia. The traditional five-kingdom system. Monera. Protista. Plantae. Fungi. Animalia. Based on type of coelom. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Kingdoms and Domains
Bacteria Archaea Eukarya
Bacteria Archaea Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
Monera Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia
The three-domain system
The six-kingdom system
The traditional five-kingdom system
Based on typeof coelom
(Evolutionary Systematics)
(Phylogenetic Systematics [cladistics])
Grouping into sister groups - “nested”
Evolutionary SystematicsEvolutionary Systematics Phylogenetic Systematics(cladistics)Phylogenetic Systematics(cladistics)
-Homologous vs analogous structures
-Ancestral vs derived structures
-Weight character sets differently, idea of varying evolutionary significance
-Displayed as dendrogram/phylogenetictree
-Ancestral vs derived structures(symplesiomorphies vs synaptomorphiesin outgroups)
-Weight character sets equally, focuson number of synaptomorphies
-Homologous vs analogous structures
-Only valid taxon is a clade, and groupingis in sister groups
-Displayed as a cladogram
-Use 7 basic taxa, expanded with prefixes
-Grouping based on evolutionary originand “adaptive zone” conceptallows for paraphyletic grouping
-Grouping based on common descentonly allows for monophyletic grouping
Hominidae PS
ES
BIOLOGICAL SPECIES - a species is a reproductive community of populations (reproductively isolated from others) that occupies a specific niche in nature.
EVOLUTIONARY SPECIES - a single lineage of ancestor-descendent populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and thathas its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate.
PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES - an irreducible (basal) grouping of organismsdiagnosably distinct from other such groupings and within which there is aparental pattern of ancestry and descent.
SPECIES CONCEPTSSPECIES CONCEPTS