DIVINA M. AMALIN

BALIK SCIENTIST PROGRAM (BSP)

Department of Science and Technology

KAKAO KONEK CONFERENCE

November 22, 2012

Apo View Hotel, Davao City

BSP TASKS Development of Sustainable and Efficient Biological Control

For Cacao Production

Compile existing baseline information

and determine key knowledge gaps

essential

Methods development and technological

applications that will provide and

disseminate information and data leading

to the implementation of more

ecologically-sustainable IPM for cacao

Determine the economics (cost-benefit

analysis)

Existing Baseline Information on Major Pests of Cacao

Helopeltis

Cacao pod borer

Black pod rot

Vascular Streak Dieback

Minor Pests of Cacao

Mealybug Tree hopper

Ceratocystis wilt

Baseline Information – Key Knowledge Gap

Seasonal abundance Study of distribution patterns of insects in crop ecosystems

Sampling techniques for the estimation of insect population and damage

Pest surveillance (light traps, pheromone traps)

Forecasting of pest incidence

Natural enemies Knowing the natural enemies acting on the pests

Sampling technique

Habitat manipulation to enhance population

Conservation technique

Biology of Helopeltis

egg nymph

adult

Total life span

28 – 47 days

adult egg

larva pupa

Total Life Cycle = 32-40 days

Cacao Pod Borer

1. Inspect and Investigate 2. Identify and Learn 3. Monitor 4. Choose Control Methods 5. Evaluate 6. Technology transfer

IPM has 6 steps

Control Methods for IPM

Culrural Methods habitat diversifications

mehanical method (sleeving, pruning)

sanitation

Biological Control classical biological control (applied biological control

native biological control

Chemical control botanical extracts

insecticidal soap

plant oil

bio-coaters

HABITAT DIVERSIFICATION

SLEEVING SANITATION/ PRUNING

CULTURAL METHOD

Trichogrammatoidea bactrae fumata

Indonesia

Cacao Pod Borer egg parasitoid

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

Classical Bio-Control

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

Native Bio-Control

Pupa

Egg

Parasitoids

Paraphylax Goryphus

Trichogrammatoidea cojuangcoi

Cacao Pod Borer

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL

Native Bio-Control for Helopeltis

Red and Black Ants

Beauveria bassiana - Entomophatogens

CHEMICAL CONTROL

Botanical Extracts

Clay Mineral

Tomato Apple Blueberries

CHEMICAL CONTROL

Particle Film Technology

METHODS DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATION

Preliminary assessment of Kaolin Clay on Helopeltis

T1= use of stoler products; T= farmer’s practice; T3= control (water only)

METHODS DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATION

Explore the genetic potential of the plant

Identification of insects, spiders,

and mites in cacao plantation

training manual

1st edition

CACAO IPM TRAINING – Hands-on Field Clinic Session

•Quezon Province

Candelaria (1 session), Tiaong (3 sessions), Sariaya (2 sessions), Lopez (5 sessions), Tagkawayan (2 session), Mulanay (2 sessions)

•Aurora Province

Dingalan (2 sessions)

•Davao City

Talandang (3 sessions)

•Zamboanga del Norte

Dipolog City (4 sessions)

•National Capital Region (NCR) Quezon City (4 sessions) • Ilocos Norte Batac (1 session) •Cagayan Valley Isabela (2 sessions)

THANK YOU!!!