kontrol digital - interface dan adc dac
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Interface dan adc/dac
Hardware interfaces
Hardware interfaces exist in computing systems between
many of the components such as the
variousbuses, storage devices, otherI/O devices, etc. A hardware interface is described by the mechanical,
electrical and logical signals at the interface and the
protocol for sequencing them (sometimes called
signaling).[1]
Real Time Data Acquisition and
Control.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/Ohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/Ohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_data_storagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_(computing) -
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Hardware interfaces
A standard interface, such as SCSI, decouples the design
and introduction of computing hardware, such
as I/O devices, from the design and introduction of other
components of a computing system, thereby allowing
users and manufacturers great flexibility in the
implementation of computing systems.[1]
Hardware interfaces can beparallel where performance is
important orserial where distance is important.
ISA, EISA, VESA, PCI , IDE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCSIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/Ohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I/Ohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCSI -
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Rujukan 1
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Rujukan 2
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Feb. 2011 Computer Architecture, Input/Output
and Interfacing
Slide 5
21.1 Input/Output Devices and Controllers
Table 3.3 Some input, output, and two-way I/O devices.
Input type Prime examples Other examples Data rate (b/s) Main uses
Symbol Keyboard, keypad Music note, OCR 10s UbiquitousPosition Mouse, touchpad Stick, wheel, glove 100s Ubiquitous
Identity Barcode reader Badge, fingerprint 100s Sales, security
Sensory Touch, motion, light Scent, brain signal 100s Control, security
Audio Microphone Phone, radio, tape 1000s Ubiquitous
Image Scanner, camera Graphic tablet 1000s-106s Photos, publishing
Video Camcorder, DVD VCR, TV cable 1000s-109s Entertainment
Output type Prime examples Other examples Data rate (b/s) Main uses
Symbol LCD line segments LED, status light 10s Ubiquitous
Position Stepper motor Robotic motion 100s Ubiquitous
Warning Buzzer, bell, siren Flashing light A few Safety, security
Sensory Braille text Scent, brain stimulus 100s Personal assistance
Audio Speaker, audiotape Voice synthesizer 1000s Ubiquitous
Image Monitor, printer Plotter, microfilm 1000s Ubiquitous
Video Monitor, TV screen Film/video recorder 1000s-109s Entertainment
Two-way I/O Prime examples Other examples Data rate (b/s) Main uses
Mass storage Hard/floppy disk CD, tape, archive 106s Ubiquitous
Network Modem, fax, LAN Cable, DSL, ATM 1000s-109s Ubiquitous
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Diagram Dasar
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Feb. 2011 Computer Architecture, Input/Output
and Interfacing
Slide 7
I/O Organization for Greater Performance
Figure 21.2 Input/output via intermediate and dedicated I/O
buses (to be explained in Chapter 23).
CPU
Cache
Main
memory
I/O controller I/O controller I/O controller
Disk DiskNetwork CD/DVD
Memory bus
Interrupts
Busadapter
Busadapter
Busadapter
Intermediate
buses / ports
I/O busI/O controller
Graphics
display
PCI busAGP
Proprietary
Standard
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Baca Memori
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Tulis Memori
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Baca I/O PORT
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Tulis I/O Port
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Timing
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Counters
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Timers
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Chap 0 16
Antarmuka Parallel Vs. Serial
Using Serial than Parallel
Transmitting data to arelatively distance
peripherals
Requires only one datawire
8 wires for parallel
Less cable, line drivers andreceivers
Esp. Long distance
To use commercialcommunication facilitiessuch as regular telephoneor data lines
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Slotparalel
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Port
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Sistem
interupsi
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Pengontrol interupsi
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Peta Memori
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Desain interface
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Kaset
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Decoder addr 703
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Latch
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Antarmuka
paralel
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Printer
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Buffer + latch
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Antarmuka arus/tegangan besar
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Paralel port
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Rs 232-c
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Current-loop
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Komunikasi Asinkron
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Asinkronus Adapter
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konverter
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ADC vs DAC
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3 March 2004 Peter Komisarczuk & VUW, 2004. 40
Analog to Digital? How's it done?
Forouzan
Chapter 4.3 (around lecture 16)
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ANALOG TO DIGITAL
CONVERTER
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Diagram ADC
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Contoh
ADC
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Komponen ADC
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DIGITAL TO ANALOG
CONVERTER (DAC)
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Contoh Rangkaian DAC
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Komponen DAC
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BIOS
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SEKIAN
SCSI S ll C S
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SCSI: Small Computer System
Interface SCSI is actually an acronym for Small Computer System Interface
and it is pronounced as "skuzzy". It is the second-most popular hard
disk interface used in PCs today. It's a high-speed,
intelligent peripheral I/O bus with a device independent protocol
for transferring data between different types of peripheral devices. The SCSI bus connects all parts of a computer system so that they
can communicate with each other. The bus frees the host processor
from the responsibility of I/O internal tasks. A SCSI bus can be either
internal, external, or cross the boundary from internal to external. The
SCSI protocol is a peer-to-peer relationship: one device does not
have to be subordinated to another device in order to perform I/0
activities. Only two of these devices can communicate on the bus at
any given time.
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Each SCSI bus can connect up to 8 or up to 16 peripherals; one of
those devices will always be the computer or the SCSI card, because
they too are devices on the SCSI. SCSI devices are designated as
either initiators (drivers) or targets (receivers) and the interface to the
host computer is called the host adapter. Every device connected to
the bus will have a different SCSI ID, ranging from 0 to 7. The host
adapter takes up one ID leaving 7 ID's for other hardware. SCSI
hardware typically consists of hard drives, tape drives, CD-ROMs,
printers and scanners
Reference: http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-
system-interface--3468#ixzz1qbhKlhNt
http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-small-computer-system-interface--3468