kuliah 5 - mine explosion and fire
TRANSCRIPT
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Mine xplosion and Fire
Rini Novrianti Sutardjo Tui
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Fire Triangle
Explosionor Fire
Oxygen
Ignition
SourceFuel
Thenecessity
foradditional
controlmeasures
Abnormalcircumstances which
might arise
Specialsituations
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Identifying the Hazards
Explosion or Fire
Fuel
Anything that can burn
Firedamp, coal/coal dust,wood, diesel, tyres and
plastic materials, mineraloils and grease, waste
materials, paper, bottledgases, explosive
Oxygen
The general body of air
Chemicals that releaseoxygen when heated(oxidizing agents),
ANFO, bottled oxygen,compressed air
IgnitionAnything that has the
potential to get hot enough toignite a material, substance
or atmosphere in theworkplace
Friction, internal combustionengines, electrical and
mechanical equipments,natural sources, explosives
and detonators, compressionof air and gasses, hot works,
smokers materials
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Potential Risks
Risks
The possible disruption of theventilation system
The nature and extent of anyflame, heat or blast wave
The potential foroxygen depletion
The reduction invisibility due to smoke
The distance to aplace of safety
The spread and possibleconcentrations of toxic and
noxious gases and otherproducts
of combustion
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Level of Risks
How closethey are tothe fire orexplosion
Whether theyare on the
intake side ordownstream
How far theyare from the
nearestunaffected place
or safe haven
How long itwould take
them toreach a place
of safety
The type andduration oftheir self-
rescuers
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Spontaneous Combustion
Thick orcomposite
Inferiorquality
Low rank
Containpyrites
Readilyadsorb and
desorbmoisture
Highmoistureholding
capacity
Starts with oxidation atnormal temperature
Humidity
Temperature
% ofoxygen
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Heating is in Process
Hazeor
Fog
Smell
Hot Air
Smoke
Sweating
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Explosion Hazards
Mists and VapoursPetrols, cellulose-based paints,
aerosols, diesel fuels
Flammable GasesOccur due to work activity such as lead-acid
battery charging, mishap with flame welding orcutting equipments
Coal DustPossibly inside bunkers, the breakage of coalcarrying belt conveyor, inappropriate use of
explosive, high speed crash, firedamp explosion
Explosion
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Prevention and Control
Minimizing theinventory ofpotential fuels
Minimizing thenumber ofpotential ignitionsources
Keeping potentialignition sourcesapart frompotential fuel
EquipmentsMonitoring
Minimizing
orMitigatingthe Effects
Detection
andWarning
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Assessment Process
Identify the
hazards - thepotential sources ofignition and
materials
Consider the
precautions alreadyin place for theprevention and
mitigation
Evaluate the
likelihood of a fireor explosionoccurring due to aparticular hazard
Consider theconsequences of a fire
or explosion, anddecide who might be
harmed and how
Determine whatfurther measuresare necessary to
prevent, control ormitigate
Recordsignificant
findings
Review the riskassessment
periodically, or whentheres change in
circumstances
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