IMPACT OF SOLID WASTE ON HEALTH AND THE

ENVIRONMENT

What is solid waste?

Solid waste is defined as any garbage, refuse,

sludge from waste treatment plant, water supply

treatment plant, or air pollution control facility

and other materials, including solid, liquid,

semisolid, contained gaseous resulting from

industrials, commercials, mining and agricultural

operations from community activities

What is solid waste?

Characteristics of wastes

Corrosive: these are wastes that include acids or bases that are capable of corroding mental containers, e.g. tanks

Ignitability: this is waste that can create fires under certain condition, e.g. waste oils and solvents

Reactive: these are unstable in nature, they cause explosions, toxic fumes when heated.

Toxicity: waste which are harmful or fatal when ingested or absorb.

Types of waste

Non Hazardous waste: refuse, garbage, sludge, municipal trash.

Hazardous waste: solvents acid, heavy metals, pesticides, and chemical sludges

Radioactive: high and low-level radioactive waste

Mixed waste: Radioactive organic liquids, radio active heavy metals. ”

Waste Treatment

Waste treatment

IncinerationSolidification

Heat treatment

Chemical treatment

Waste Disposal

Landfills: waste is placed into or onto the land in disposal

facilities.

Underground injection wells: waste are injected under

pressure into a steel and concrete-encased shafts placed

deep in the earth.

Waste piles: is accumulations of insoluble solid, non

flowing hazard waste. Piles serves as temporary or final

disposal.

Waste Disposal

Land treatment: is a process in which solid waste,

such as sludge from wastes is applied onto or

incorporated into the soil surface.

Waste are disposed in flowing rivers in less

developed countries.

Causal of Increase in Solid Waste

Population growth Increase in industrials manufacturing Urbanization Modernization Modernization, technological advancement and

increase in global population created rising in demand for food and other essentials. This has resulted to rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by each household. 158 million tons of municipal solid waste is produced annually in U.S

Sources of Human Exposures

Exposures occurs through

Ingestion of contaminated water or food

Contact with disease vectors

Inhalation

Dermal

Points of contact

Soil adsorption, storage and biodegradingPlant uptakeVentilationRunoffLeaching Insects, birds, rats, flies and animals Direct dumping of untreated waste in seas, rivers

and lakes results in the plants and animals that feed on it

Impacts of solid waste on health

Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation Uncollected waste can obstruct the storm water runoff resulting

in flood Low birth weight Cancer Congenital malformations Neurological disease Nausea and vomiting Increase in hospitalization of diabetic residents living near

hazard waste sites. Mercury toxicity from eating fish with high levels of mercury.

Effects of Solid Waste on Animals and Aquatics life

Increase in mercury level in fish due to disposal of

mercury in the rivers.

Plastic found in oceans ingested by birds

Resulted in high algal population in rivers and sea.

Degrades water and soil quality

Impacts of solid waste on Environment

Waste breaks down in landfills to form methane, a

potent greenhouse gas

Change in climate and destruction of ozone layer

due to waste biodegradable

Littering, due to waste pollutions, illegal dumping,

Leaching: is a process by which solid waste enter

soil and ground water and contaminating them.

Name of the Guide Team Members

1. Chetan

2. Bhavesh

3. Mandeep

4. Deepak

5. Akshay Kumar

Class : XI - C

:Mr. Vijay Saini

School : Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 1 Jaipur

YKK