kwesi atta-krah - what is a climate smart agricultural landscape
TRANSCRIPT
What is a Climate Smart Agricultural Landscape?
Kwesi Atta-Krah, Humidtropics,International Institute of Tropical Agriculture
Climate Smart Agriculture
• Agriculture threatened by and contributes to climate change
• CSA addresses adaptation to Climate Change and also contributes towards mitigation.– Making agric productive and ecologically-friendly– Food and nutrition secure over time.
• Avoids negative externalities– Environment– Natural resources (soil degradation)
• Biodiversity and diversity rich
• Landscape carrying mosaic of CSA systems, in harmony with other natural resources land management options
– Natural and/or human-modified ecosystems
• Configuration of topography, vegetation, land use and settlements
• Socio-ecological system : People and communities in center
• Influenced by ecological, historical, economic and cultural process and activities of the area
Neil Palmer, CIAT
Climate Smart Agriculture Landscape?
Systems Thinking: Prerequisites for Climate Smart Agricultural Landscapes
Multi-component interactions, trade-offs
Role of larger ecosystemhealth in agricultural sustainability & resilience
Community engagement and Stakeholder
Participation mechanismsand Processes
- Gender relations
A system: interaction between a farming system
and livelihoods system, within a defined
agroecological space
Neil Palmer, CIAT
Integrated Landscape Management
Requires collaboration among different groups of land managers and stakeholders to achieve the multiple objectives required from the landscape.
Neil Palmer, CIAT
Agricultural production, provision of ecosystem services, protection of biodiversity, beauty, identity, recreational value, local livelihoods, human health, well-being
- Kabale, Uganda example
Food-Secure Landscapes
• Farm and forest landscapes can be “designed” to produce food year-round, while providing habitat.
• Agroforestry Systems– Trees on farm
– Tree plots within agricultural landscapes
• Proper management of wild populations in forest and uncultivated landscapes:– deer, agouti, raccoon, &
other traditional sources of animal protein
• Wild plant and fruit foraging
Ecoagriculture protects wild species and conserve habitat while increasing agricultural production and farmer incomes
Sustainable Intensification
Sustainable Intensification:• Ecological Intensification
• Genetic Intensification
• Socio-economic Intensification
Sustainable Diversification• Crop species diversity
• Wild species diversity
• Habitat diversity
• Landscape diversity
Increasing world food production for growing population cannot be done by clearing more forest land ….. Principles
New Priorities for Crop Genetic Improvement and Conservation
• New varieties adapted
to/mitigate climate change
• Domesticate wild species
• Improvement and promotion
of Minor crops
• Increase resilience
• Reduce input requirements
• Reduce GHG emissions
Photo: © IFAD
Who Needs to be Part of These Multifunctional Landscapes?
• Communities that live in and rely upon the landscape
• Policy makers at national, regional and local levels
• Organizations championing integrated landscapes
• Climate change research programs, such as CCAFS
• Systems Research programs, such as Humidtropics
Neil Palmer, CIAT
Diverse Landscape Challenges Require Locally-Adapted Solutions
More than 80 communities of practice
Uganda
• Integrated watershed management• Greening agricultural corridors• Territorial development• Model forests
Niger Kenya
• Biological corridors• Landscape restoration• Eco-regional programs• Others…
Photo: Piet Van Asten, IITA
A Systems Approach to Research & Development
1. Systems / Landscape
mindset
2. A “multi” R&D Team
3. Stakeholder engagement
4. Systems improvement
5. Institutional Inovation:
hard-, soft- and ‘orgware
6. Scale dimension:
7. Gender research:
8. Capacity building
9. Development orientation
10. Learning